JP5044884B2 - Assembled battery - Google Patents

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JP5044884B2
JP5044884B2 JP2004195821A JP2004195821A JP5044884B2 JP 5044884 B2 JP5044884 B2 JP 5044884B2 JP 2004195821 A JP2004195821 A JP 2004195821A JP 2004195821 A JP2004195821 A JP 2004195821A JP 5044884 B2 JP5044884 B2 JP 5044884B2
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assembled battery
expansion
conductive member
battery
secondary cell
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JP2006019140A (en
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行正 西出
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Description

本発明は、端子部材を有する二次単電池を複数配置した組電池に関し、特に、隣り合う二次単電池の端子部材間を導電部材で接続し、二次単電池の膨張により端子部材間の距離が大きくなるように各々の二次単電池を配置した組電池に関する。   The present invention relates to an assembled battery in which a plurality of secondary unit cells each having a terminal member are arranged. In particular, the terminal members of adjacent secondary unit cells are connected by a conductive member, and the terminal members are expanded by expansion of the secondary unit cell. The present invention relates to an assembled battery in which each secondary cell is arranged so that the distance becomes large.

リチウムイオン型などの二次電池では、過充電状態となったり、逆充電状態となったり、過負荷状態となったり、あるいは、短絡を起こして大電流が流れたりすると、電解液が分解して発熱と共にガスが発生する。さらには発熱により異常反応が加速されて、熱暴走を起こし急激にガスを発生することがある。そうすると、電池の内圧が急激に上昇して、電池（容器）が急激に膨張変形し、ときには破裂する場合がある。
このような二次電池の極端な膨張や破裂を未然に防止するために、従来より様々な安全機構が提案されている。例えば、特許文献１や特許文献２には、電池の異常膨張時に電流を遮断し、それ以上のガスの発生を抑制して、電池変形を防止する電流遮断機構を備える電池が開示されている。 In a rechargeable battery such as a lithium ion type, if the battery becomes overcharged, reversely charged, overloaded, or causes a short circuit and a large current flows, the electrolyte will decompose. Gas is generated with heat generation. Furthermore, abnormal reactions are accelerated by heat generation, causing thermal runaway and generating gas rapidly. As a result, the internal pressure of the battery suddenly rises, and the battery (container) suddenly expands and deforms and sometimes bursts.
Conventionally, various safety mechanisms have been proposed in order to prevent such extreme expansion and rupture of the secondary battery. For example, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose a battery including a current interruption mechanism that interrupts current when the battery is abnormally expanded and suppresses further generation of gas to prevent battery deformation.

特許文献１の電池は、その請求項１等に記載されているように、電池内圧の上昇により変形する安全弁と、安全弁の変形によって作動する電流遮断手段を有する。安全弁は、中央部に発電要素側に膨出した安全弁凸部を有する。そして、安全弁と発電要素との間に、安全弁凸部が挿入される中央貫通孔と、ガスを通ずるガス貫通孔とを有するディスクが固定されている。更に、ディスクの発電要素側に、発電要素の一方のリード板が電気的に接続された金属薄板が中央貫通孔を塞ぐように取着され、安全弁凸部が中央貫通孔を通じてこの金属薄板に溶接されている。
この電池では、電池内圧が上昇した場合、安全弁が変形し、発電要素とは反対側に膨出する。このとき、予め安全弁と金属薄板との溶接強度を所要強度に選定しておくことによって、安全弁が変形膨出すると共に、その溶接部が剥離する。そうすると、発電要素のリード板と安全弁との電気的連結が断たれるので、これ以上のガスの発生を抑え、電池の破裂等を回避できる。 As described in claim 1 and the like, the battery of Patent Document 1 includes a safety valve that is deformed by an increase in battery internal pressure, and a current interrupting unit that is activated by the deformation of the safety valve. The safety valve has a safety valve protrusion that bulges toward the power generation element at the center. A disc having a central through hole into which the safety valve convex portion is inserted and a gas through hole through which gas passes is fixed between the safety valve and the power generation element. Furthermore, a metal thin plate with one lead plate of the power generation element electrically connected to the power generation element side of the disk is attached so as to close the central through hole, and the safety valve convex part is welded to this metal thin plate through the central through hole. Has been.
In this battery, when the battery internal pressure rises, the safety valve is deformed and bulges to the side opposite to the power generation element. At this time, by selecting the welding strength between the safety valve and the metal thin plate as a required strength in advance, the safety valve is deformed and bulged, and the welded portion is peeled off. Then, since the electrical connection between the lead plate of the power generation element and the safety valve is broken, generation of further gas can be suppressed and battery rupture can be avoided.

特許文献２の電池は、その請求項１等に記載されているように、発電要素に連なる入出力端子部が存在する電池ケースの幅広な側面以外の端面部に、リード端子板を配置してある。そして、このリード端子板中央部の所定部位が、入出力端子部に電気的導通可能且つ引っ張りにより切断可能に固着されており、その周辺部が上記端面部に絶縁層を介して接触した状態にされている。
この電池では、電池ケース内の内圧が上昇し、電池ケースが変形したとき、電池ケースの入出力端子部とリード端子板との固着部に、これらを引き離そうとする引っ張り力が作用し、ここで切断されて電気的導通が遮断される。従って、これ以上のガスの発生を抑え、電池の破裂等を回避できる。 In the battery of Patent Document 2, as described in claim 1 and the like, a lead terminal plate is disposed on an end surface portion other than the wide side surface of the battery case where the input / output terminal portion connected to the power generation element exists. is there. And the predetermined part of the lead terminal plate central part is fixed to the input / output terminal part so as to be electrically conductive and capable of being cut by pulling, and its peripheral part is in contact with the end face part via an insulating layer. Has been.
In this battery, when the internal pressure in the battery case rises and the battery case is deformed, a pulling force that tries to separate them acts on the fixing part between the input / output terminal part and the lead terminal plate of the battery case. It is cut off and electrical conduction is cut off. Therefore, generation of more gas can be suppressed and battery rupture can be avoided.

特開平５−３４３０４３号公報JP-A-5-343043 特開２００１−３１３０２１号公報JP 2001-313021 A

しかしながら、特許文献１や特許文献２の電池に代表される従来の電池においては、異常膨張時の変形を防止するための電流遮断機構は、その構造が複雑であるものが多く、電池のコスト高を招いていた。また、電流遮断機構を設けることにより、電池を小型化できないものも少なくない。   However, in the conventional batteries represented by the batteries of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the current interruption mechanism for preventing deformation at the time of abnormal expansion is often complicated in structure, which increases the cost of the battery. Was invited. In addition, many batteries cannot be downsized by providing a current interrupt mechanism.

本発明は、かかる現状に鑑みてなされたものであって、二次単電池が複数配置された組電池において、電池内圧の異常上昇による異常膨張時に確実に通電を遮断して、二次単電池のさらなる異常膨張や破裂を確実に防止できると共に、その構造を簡易なものとすることができる組電池を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the present situation, and in an assembled battery in which a plurality of secondary unit cells are arranged, the energization is reliably cut off at the time of abnormal expansion due to an abnormal increase in battery internal pressure. It is an object of the present invention to provide an assembled battery that can reliably prevent further abnormal expansion and rupture of the battery and that can have a simple structure.

その解決手段は、外部に露出する端子部材を有する複数の二次単電池からなり、隣り合う前記二次単電池の前記端子部材間を導電部材で接続してなり、前記二次単電池の膨張により前記端子部材間の距離が大きくなるように各々の前記二次単電池を配置してなる組電池であって、前記端子部材と前記導電部材とで構成される電気的接続路の少なくとも一部に、ＳＯＣが０％〜１００％での使用時における前記二次単電池の膨張による応力では破断しないで、且つ、熱暴走の開始時における前記二次単電池の膨張よりも小さい膨張による応力で破断し、隣り合う前記二次単電池間の通電を遮断する脆弱部を有する組電池である。 The solution comprises a plurality of secondary unit cells having terminal members exposed to the outside, wherein the terminal members of the adjacent secondary unit cells are connected by conductive members, and the secondary unit cells expand. Each of the secondary cells is arranged such that the distance between the terminal members is increased by at least a part of an electrical connection path constituted by the terminal members and the conductive members Furthermore, the stress due to the expansion of the secondary cell when the SOC is 0% to 100% does not break, and the stress due to the expansion is smaller than the expansion of the secondary cell at the start of thermal runaway. It is a battery pack having a fragile portion that breaks and interrupts energization between the adjacent secondary cells.

このような組電池は、ＳＯＣが０％〜１００％での使用時（本明細書では、これを通常使用時とも言う）における二次単電池の膨張では、端子部材と導電部材とで構成される電気的接続路に引っ張り応力が掛かっても、この程度の応力によっては電気的接続路が破断しないので、二次単電池間の通電を維持できる。
一方、過充電、短絡、逆充電、過負荷など何らかの理由で二次単電池内にガスが発生し、電池内圧が異常上昇し電池（容器）が異常に膨張したとき（本明細書では、これを異常膨張時とも言う）には、二次単電池が熱暴走を起こす前に、端子部材と導電部材とで構成される電気的接続路のうち脆弱部が破断し、隣り合う二次単電池間の通電を遮断できる。従って、二次単電池内でそれ以上のガスが発生することを抑制でき、熱暴走の発生及びこれに伴う二次単電池のさらなる異常膨張や破裂を未然に防止できる。
しかも、本発明は、従来のように電流遮断機構を電池内に設ける必要がないので、二次単電池を簡素な構造にでき、二次単電池及び組電池の小型化を図ることもできる。 Such an assembled battery is composed of a terminal member and a conductive member in the expansion of the secondary cell when used at an SOC of 0% to 100% (this is also referred to as normal use in this specification). Even if a tensile stress is applied to the electrical connection path, the electrical connection path is not broken by this level of stress, so that energization between the secondary cells can be maintained.
On the other hand, when gas is generated in the secondary cell for some reason such as overcharge, short circuit, reverse charge, overload, etc., the battery internal pressure rises abnormally and the battery (container) expands abnormally (in this specification, this Is also referred to as abnormal expansion), before the secondary cell causes thermal runaway, the fragile portion of the electrical connection path composed of the terminal member and the conductive member breaks, and the adjacent secondary cell It is possible to cut off the electricity between Therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of more gas in the secondary unit cell, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of thermal runaway and further abnormal expansion and rupture of the secondary unit cell associated therewith.
In addition, according to the present invention, since it is not necessary to provide a current interruption mechanism in the battery as in the prior art, the secondary cell can be made a simple structure, and the secondary cell and the assembled battery can be reduced in size.

ここで、「脆弱部」は、端子部材と導電部材とで構成される電気的接続路の少なくとも一部に設けられていればよい。従って、端子部材の一部または全部が脆弱部であっても、導電部材の一部または全部が脆弱部であっても、あるいは、端子部材と導線部材の接続部が脆弱部であってもよい。また、脆弱部は、通常使用時における二次単電池の膨張では破断しないで、且つ、熱暴走が開始する前の異常膨張時に破断し、隣り合う二次単電池間の通電を遮断するものであればよく、その形状や材質や特に限定されない。
例えば、後述するように、導電部材の一部に他の部分よりも断面積が小さい小断面積部を設け、これを脆弱部とすることができる。また、導電部材の材料強度を適宜選択し、導電部材全体を脆弱部とすることもできる。また、後述するように、端子部材と導電部材との溶接強度を適宜選択し、その接合部を脆弱部とすることもできる。 Here, the “fragile portion” may be provided in at least a part of the electrical connection path constituted by the terminal member and the conductive member. Therefore, a part or all of the terminal member may be a fragile part, a part or all of the conductive member may be a fragile part, or a connection part between the terminal member and the conductor member may be a fragile part. . In addition, the fragile portion is not broken by the expansion of the secondary cell during normal use, and breaks during abnormal expansion before the start of thermal runaway, and interrupts energization between adjacent secondary cells. There is no particular limitation on the shape, material, or the like.
For example, as will be described later, a small cross-sectional area portion having a smaller cross-sectional area than other portions may be provided in a part of the conductive member, and this may be a fragile portion. Further, the material strength of the conductive member can be selected as appropriate, and the entire conductive member can be made a weak part. Further, as will be described later, the welding strength between the terminal member and the conductive member can be selected as appropriate, and the joint portion can be made a fragile portion.

また、他の解決手段は、外部に露出する端子部材を有する複数の二次単電池からなり、隣り合う前記二次単電池の前記端子部材間を導電部材で接続してなり、前記二次単電池の膨張により前記端子部材間の距離が大きくなるように各々の前記二次単電池を配置してなる組電池であって、前記端子部材と前記導電部材とで構成される電気的接続路の少なくとも一部に、ＳＯＣが０％〜１００％での使用時における、前記導電部材で接続された隣り合う前記二次単電池の膨張による応力では破断しないで、且つ、前記導電部材で接続された隣り合う前記二次単電池の容器が膨張破壊するときの前記二次単電池の膨張よりも小さい膨張による応力で破断し、隣り合う前記二次単電池間の通電を遮断する脆弱部を有する組電池である。 Another solution is a plurality of secondary unit cells having terminal members exposed to the outside, wherein the terminal members of the adjacent secondary unit cells are connected by a conductive member, and the secondary unit cells are connected. An assembled battery in which each of the secondary cells is arranged so that the distance between the terminal members is increased due to expansion of the battery, and an electric connection path constituted by the terminal members and the conductive members. At least partly, when the SOC is 0% to 100%, it is not broken by the stress due to the expansion of the adjacent secondary cells connected by the conductive member, and is connected by the conductive member. A set having a fragile portion that breaks with a stress caused by expansion smaller than the expansion of the secondary cell when the container of the adjacent secondary cell expands and breaks, and cuts off current between the adjacent secondary cells. It is a battery.

このような組電池は、通常使用時における二次単電池の膨張では、電気的接続路に引っ張り応力が掛かっても、この程度の応力では電気的接続路が破断しないので、二次単電池間の通電を維持できる。
一方、異常膨張時には、二次単電池の容器が膨張破壊する前に、電気的接続路の脆弱部が破断し、隣り合う二次単電池間の通電を遮断できる。従って、二次単電池内でそれ以上のガスが発生することを抑制でき、二次単電池の破裂を未然に防止できる。
しかも、従来のように電流遮断機構を電池内に設ける必要がないので、二次単電池を簡素な構造にでき、二次単電池及び組電池の小型化を図ることもできる。
なお、「脆弱部」については、前述の発明で説明した通りである。 In such an assembled battery, when the secondary cell expands during normal use, even if a tensile stress is applied to the electrical connection path, the electrical connection path does not break at this level of stress. Can be maintained.
On the other hand, at the time of abnormal expansion, before the container of the secondary cell expands and breaks, the weakened portion of the electrical connection path is broken, and the energization between the adjacent secondary cells can be cut off. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of more gas in the secondary unit cell, and to prevent the secondary unit cell from bursting.
In addition, since it is not necessary to provide a current interruption mechanism in the battery as in the prior art, the secondary unit cell can have a simple structure, and the secondary unit cell and the assembled battery can be downsized.
The “fragile part” is as described in the above-described invention.

更に、上記のいずれかに記載の組電池であって、前記脆弱部は、前記端子部材と前記導電部材との接合部である組電池とすると良い。   Furthermore, it is an assembled battery in any one of said, Comprising: The said weak part is good to be an assembled battery which is a junction part of the said terminal member and the said electrically-conductive member.

本発明によれば、異常膨張時に破断する脆弱部は、端子部材と導電部材との接合部である。端子部材と導電部材との接合部は、溶接条件などを適宜選択することで、その接合強度を容易に調整できる。例えば、溶接は、レーザ溶接や超音波溶接など公知の手法により行うことができ、接合強度は、溶接エネルギー、溶接ポイントの大きさ、溶接ポイント数等を適宜選択することで調整できる。従って、端子部材と導電部材とで構成される電気的接続路に、容易に脆弱部を設けることができる。   According to the present invention, the fragile portion that breaks during abnormal expansion is a joint between the terminal member and the conductive member. The joint strength between the terminal member and the conductive member can be easily adjusted by appropriately selecting welding conditions and the like. For example, welding can be performed by a known method such as laser welding or ultrasonic welding, and the bonding strength can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the welding energy, the size of the welding points, the number of welding points, and the like. Therefore, a weak part can be easily provided in the electrical connection path constituted by the terminal member and the conductive member.

更に、上記のいずれかに記載の組電池であって、前記導電部材は、他の部分よりも断面積が小さくされてなる小断面積部を有し、前記脆弱部は、この小断面積部である組電池とすると良い。   Furthermore, in the assembled battery according to any one of the above, the conductive member has a small cross-sectional area part having a smaller cross-sectional area than other parts, and the weak part is the small cross-sectional area part. It is good to use an assembled battery.

本発明によれば、導電部材に、他の部分よりも断面積が小さくされてなる小断面積部を設け、これを脆弱部としている。導電部材に小断面積部を設けることは容易であるので、端子部材と導電部材とで構成される電気的接続路に、容易に脆弱部を設けることができる。
なお、「小断面積部」は、他の部分よりも断面積が小さければ、その形状は適宜変更できる。例えば、中央部が幅狭となるように導電部材を形成し、この中央部を小断面積部とすることができる。また、導電部材にプレス加工等でＶ字溝等の凹部を設け、この部分を小断面積部とすることもできる。 According to the present invention, the conductive member is provided with a small cross-sectional area part having a smaller cross-sectional area than other parts, and this is used as a fragile part. Since it is easy to provide a small cross-sectional area portion in the conductive member, the fragile portion can be easily provided in the electrical connection path constituted by the terminal member and the conductive member.
The shape of the “small cross-sectional area portion” can be changed as appropriate as long as the cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the other portions. For example, the conductive member can be formed so that the central portion is narrow, and the central portion can be a small cross-sectional area portion. Further, the conductive member can be provided with a concave portion such as a V-shaped groove by press working or the like, and this portion can be a small cross-sectional area portion.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面を参照しつつ説明する。
（実施形態１）
図１に本実施形態に係る組電池１００の上方から見た模式図を示す。
この組電池１００は、複数の二次単電池１１０，１１０，…からなる。これらの二次単電池１１０，１１０，…は、リチウムイオン型の二次電池である。各々の二次単電池１１０は、アルミニウム等の金属からなり、約１５ｍｍ×約１００ｍｍ×約１５０ｍｍの略直方体形状の電池ケース１１１を備える。この電池ケース１１１の内部には、正極シートと負極シートとがセパレータを介して捲回された発電要素（図示しない）が収容されている。発電要素には、アルミニウム（正極）や銅（負極）等の金属からなる一対の端子部材１１３，１１３が電気的に接続されている。これらの端子部材１１３，１１３は、電池ケース１１１に絶縁を保ちつつ固定され、電池外部（上方）に向かって突出している。また、二次単電池１１０内には、電解液が注入されている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the assembled battery 100 according to the present embodiment as viewed from above.
The assembled battery 100 includes a plurality of secondary unit cells 110, 110,. These secondary unit cells 110, 110,... Are lithium ion type secondary batteries. Each secondary cell 110 is made of a metal such as aluminum and includes a battery case 111 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape of about 15 mm × about 100 mm × about 150 mm. Inside the battery case 111 is housed a power generation element (not shown) in which a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet are wound through a separator. A pair of terminal members 113, 113 made of a metal such as aluminum (positive electrode) or copper (negative electrode) is electrically connected to the power generation element. These terminal members 113 and 113 are fixed to the battery case 111 while maintaining insulation, and protrude toward the outside (upward) of the battery. In addition, an electrolytic solution is injected into the secondary unit cell 110.

組電池１００を構成する二次単電池１１０，１１０，…は、図示しない絶縁フィルムを介して隙間なく一方向に積層されている。従って、いずれかの二次単電池１１０が膨張すれば、それと隣り合う二次単電池１１０，１１０の端子部材１１３，１１３間の距離が大きくなる。隣り合う二次単電池１１０，１１０の端子部材１１３，１１３間は、銅等の金属からなり、板状をなすバスバー（導電部材）１２０によって電気的に接続されている。端子部材１１３とバスバー１２０は、レーザ溶接により接合され、電気的接続路１３０を構成している。この電気的接続路１３０のうち、端子部材１１３とバスバー１２０との接合部１３１は、ＳＯＣが０％〜１００％での使用時における二次単電池１１０の膨張では破断しないで、且つ、熱暴走の開始時における二次単電池１１０の膨張よりも小さい膨張で破断し、隣り合う二次単電池１１０，１１０間の通電を遮断する脆弱部とされている。
また、この脆弱部（接合部１３１）は、ＳＯＣが０％〜１００％での使用時における二次単電池１１０の膨張では破断しないで、且つ、二次単電池１１０の電池ケース１１１が膨張破壊するときの二次単電池１１０の膨張よりも小さい膨張で破断し、隣り合う二次単電池１１０，１１０間の通電を遮断するものでもある。 Secondary battery cells 110, 110,... Constituting the assembled battery 100 are laminated in one direction with no gap through an insulating film (not shown). Therefore, if any of the secondary unit cells 110 expands, the distance between the terminal members 113 and 113 of the adjacent secondary unit cells 110 and 110 increases. The terminal members 113 of the adjacent secondary cell 110 110 are made of a metal such as copper and are electrically connected by a bus bar (conductive member) 120 having a plate shape. The terminal member 113 and the bus bar 120 are joined by laser welding to constitute an electrical connection path 130. Of the electrical connection path 130, the joint 131 between the terminal member 113 and the bus bar 120 does not break due to the expansion of the secondary cell 110 when the SOC is 0% to 100%, and thermal runaway occurs. It breaks with expansion smaller than the expansion of the secondary cell 110 at the time of starting, and it is set as the weak part which interrupts | blocks the electricity supply between the adjacent secondary cell 110,110.
In addition, the fragile portion (joint portion 131) is not broken by the expansion of the secondary cell 110 when the SOC is 0% to 100%, and the battery case 111 of the secondary cell 110 is expanded and broken. It breaks by expansion smaller than the expansion of the secondary cell 110 when it is done, and also cuts off the energization between the adjacent secondary cells 110, 110.

このような組電池１００は、ＳＯＣが０％〜１００％での通常使用時における二次単電池１１０の膨張では、端子部材１１３とバスバー１２０とで構成される電気的接続路１３０が破断しないので、通電を維持できる。具体的には、本実施形態の組電池１００では、この通常使用時に最大およそ５ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2 の応力が電気的接続路１３０に掛かるが、この程度の応力範囲内では、電気的接続路１３０は破断しない。 In such an assembled battery 100, the expansion of the secondary cell 110 during normal use with an SOC of 0% to 100% does not break the electrical connection path 130 formed by the terminal member 113 and the bus bar 120. , Can be energized. Specifically, in the assembled battery 100 of the present embodiment, a stress of about 5 kgf / mm 2 at the maximum is applied to the electrical connection path 130 during the normal use, but within this range of stress, the electrical connection path 130 is Does not break.

一方、過充電、短絡、逆充電、過負荷など何らかの理由で二次単電池１１０内にガスが発生し、電池内圧が異常上昇する異常膨張時には、図２に示すように、二次単電池１１０が熱暴走を起こす前に、及び、電池ケース１１１が膨張破壊する前に、電気的接続路１３０のうち脆弱部（接合部１３１）が破断し、隣り合う二次単電池１１０，１１０間の通電を遮断する。従って、二次単電池１１０内でそれ以上ガスが発生するのを抑制でき、熱暴走に伴う二次単電池１１０のさらなる異常膨張及び破裂を未然に防止できる。具体的には、本実施形態の組電池１００では、電池が膨張して、およそ７５ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2 の応力が電気的接続路１３０に掛かると、電気的接続路１３０の脆弱部（接合部１３１）が破断し、通電が遮断される。
また、本実施形態の組電池１００は、従来のように電流遮断機構を電池内に設ける必要がないので、二次単電池１１０を簡素な構造にでき、二次単電池１１０及び組電池１００の小型化を図ることができる。 On the other hand, at the time of abnormal expansion in which gas is generated in the secondary cell 110 for some reason such as overcharge, short circuit, reverse charge, overload, etc., and the battery internal pressure rises abnormally, as shown in FIG. Before the battery case 111 undergoes thermal runaway and before the battery case 111 expands and breaks, the fragile portion (joint portion 131) of the electrical connection path 130 is broken, and the energization between the adjacent secondary unit cells 110 and 110 is performed. Shut off. Therefore, further generation of gas in the secondary cell 110 can be suppressed, and further abnormal expansion and rupture of the secondary cell 110 due to thermal runaway can be prevented. Specifically, in the battery pack 100 of this embodiment, when the battery expands and a stress of about 75 kgf / mm 2 is applied to the electrical connection path 130, the weakened portion (joint portion 131) of the electrical connection path 130 Breaks and power is cut off.
Further, the assembled battery 100 according to the present embodiment does not require a current interruption mechanism in the battery as in the prior art, so that the secondary cell 110 can have a simple structure, and the secondary cell 110 and the assembled battery 100 Miniaturization can be achieved.

（実施形態２）
次いで、第２の実施形態について説明する。なお、上記実施形態１と同様な部分の説明は、省略または簡略化する。
図３に本実施形態に係る組電池２００の上方から見た模式図を示す。この組電池２００は、上記実施形態１と同様な複数の二次単電池１１０，１１０，…が、図示しない絶縁フィルムを介して積層されている。従って、この組電池２００も、二次単電池１１０が膨張すれば、それと隣り合う二次単電池１１０，１１０の端子部材１１３，１１３間の距離が大きくなる。 (Embodiment 2)
Next, a second embodiment will be described. Note that the description of the same parts as those in the first embodiment is omitted or simplified.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the assembled battery 200 according to the present embodiment as viewed from above. In this assembled battery 200, a plurality of secondary unit cells 110, 110,... Similar to those in the first embodiment are stacked via an insulating film (not shown). Therefore, also in this assembled battery 200, if the secondary cell 110 expands, the distance between the terminal members 113 and 113 of the secondary cell 110 and 110 adjacent to it will become large.

本実施形態の組電池２００は、隣り合う二次単電池１１０，１１０の端子部材１１３，１１３間が、上記実施形態１のバスバー（導電部材）１２０とは形状が異なるバスバー（導電部材）２２０によって接続され、電気的接続路２３０を構成している。このバスバー２２０は、銅等の金属からなり、長手方向の中央部が両端部よりも幅狭とされた平板状形状をなす。従って、この中央部は、他の部分よりも断面積が小さい小断面積部２３１となっている。また、バスバー２２０と端子部材１１３は、ボルト２２３を利用して高い強度で固定されている。   The assembled battery 200 of the present embodiment includes a bus bar (conductive member) 220 having a shape different from that of the bus bar (conductive member) 120 of the first embodiment, between the terminal members 113 and 113 of the adjacent secondary unit cells 110 and 110. They are connected to form an electrical connection path 230. The bus bar 220 is made of a metal such as copper and has a flat plate shape in which the central portion in the longitudinal direction is narrower than both end portions. Therefore, the central portion is a small cross-sectional area portion 231 having a smaller cross-sectional area than other portions. Further, the bus bar 220 and the terminal member 113 are fixed with high strength using bolts 223.

このような電気的接続路２３０のうち、バスバー２２０の小断面積部２３１は、ＳＯＣが０％〜１００％での使用時における二次単電池１１０の膨張では破断しないで、且つ、熱暴走の開始時における二次単電池１１０の膨張よりも小さい膨張で破断し、隣り合う二次単電池１１０，１１０間の通電を遮断する脆弱部である。
また、この脆弱部（小断面積部２３１）は、ＳＯＣが０％〜１００％での使用時における二次単電池１１０の膨張では破断しないで、且つ、二次単電池１１０の電池ケース１１１が膨張破壊するときの二次単電池１１０の膨張よりも小さい膨張で破断し、隣り合う二次単電池１１０，１１０間の通電を遮断する。 Among such electrical connection paths 230, the small cross-sectional area portion 231 of the bus bar 220 does not break due to the expansion of the secondary cell 110 when the SOC is 0% to 100%, and thermal runaway occurs. It is a fragile portion that breaks with an expansion smaller than the expansion of the secondary unit cell 110 at the start and blocks the energization between the adjacent secondary unit cells 110, 110.
Moreover, this weak part (small cross-sectional area part 231) is not broken by the expansion of the secondary cell 110 when the SOC is 0% to 100%, and the battery case 111 of the secondary cell 110 is not broken. It breaks with an expansion smaller than the expansion of the secondary cell 110 at the time of expansion failure, and the energization between the adjacent secondary cells 110, 110 is cut off.

このような組電池２００は、ＳＯＣが０％〜１００％での通常使用時における二次単電池１１０の膨張では、端子部材１１３とバスバー２２０とで構成される電気的接続路２３０が破断しないので、通電を維持できる。具体的には、本実施形態の組電池２００では、この通常使用時に最大およそ５ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2 の応力が電気的接続路２３０に掛かるが、この程度の応力範囲内では、電気的接続路２３０は破断しない。 In such an assembled battery 200, the expansion of the secondary cell 110 during normal use with an SOC of 0% to 100% does not break the electrical connection path 230 formed by the terminal member 113 and the bus bar 220. , Can be energized. Specifically, in the assembled battery 200 of the present embodiment, a stress of about 5 kgf / mm 2 at the maximum is applied to the electrical connection path 230 during this normal use, but within this level of stress, the electrical connection path 230 is Does not break.

一方、過充電、短絡、逆充電、過負荷など何らかの理由で二次単電池１１０内にガスが発生し、電池内圧が異常上昇する異常膨張時には、図４に示すように、二次単電池１１０が熱暴走を起こす前に、及び、電池ケース１１１が膨張破壊する前に、電気的接続路２３０のうち脆弱部（小断面積部２３１）が破断し、隣り合う二次単電池１１０，１１０間の通電を遮断する。従って、二次単電池１１０内でそれ以上ガスが発生するのを抑制でき、熱暴走に伴う二次単電池１１０のさらなる異常膨張や破裂を未然に防止できる。具体的には、本実施形態の組電池２００では、電池が膨張して、およそ７５ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2 の応力が電気的接続路２３０に掛かると、電気的接続路２３０の脆弱部（小断面積部２３１）が破断し、通電が遮断される。
また、本実施形態の組電池２００も、従来のように電流遮断機構を電池内に設ける必要がないので、二次単電池１１０を簡素な構造にでき、二次単電池１１０及び組電池２００の小型化を図ることができる。 On the other hand, at the time of abnormal expansion in which gas is generated in the secondary cell 110 for some reason such as overcharge, short circuit, reverse charge, overload, etc., and the battery internal pressure rises abnormally, as shown in FIG. Before the thermal runaway occurs and before the battery case 111 expands and breaks, the fragile portion (small cross-sectional area portion 231) of the electrical connection path 230 breaks, and the adjacent secondary unit cells 110 and 110 are separated. Shut off the power of the. Therefore, further generation of gas in the secondary cell 110 can be suppressed, and further abnormal expansion and rupture of the secondary cell 110 due to thermal runaway can be prevented. Specifically, in the assembled battery 200 of the present embodiment, when the battery expands and a stress of about 75 kgf / mm 2 is applied to the electrical connection path 230, the weakened portion (small cross-sectional area portion) of the electrical connection path 230 231) breaks, and the energization is cut off.
Further, the assembled battery 200 of the present embodiment also does not require a current interruption mechanism in the battery as in the conventional case, so that the secondary cell 110 can have a simple structure, and the secondary cell 110 and the assembled battery 200 Miniaturization can be achieved.

以上において、本発明を実施形態に即して説明したが、本発明は上述の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、適宜変更して適用できることはいうまでもない。
例えば、上記実施形態では、複数の二次単電池１１０，１１０，…が図示しない絶縁フィルムを介して積層されているが、隣り合う二次電池１１０，１１０間に例えば冷却フィン等を介在されてもよい。このような構成としても、本発明の効果を得ることができる。
また、組電池１００，２００を構成する二次単電池１１０，１１０，…同士は、直接接続としてもよいし、並列接続としてもよい。このような接続形態に拘わらず、本発明の効果を得ることができる。 In the above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be appropriately modified and applied without departing from the gist thereof. .
For example, in the above-described embodiment, a plurality of secondary unit cells 110, 110,... Are stacked via an insulating film (not shown), but cooling fins or the like are interposed between adjacent secondary cells 110, 110, for example. Also good. Even if it is such a structure, the effect of this invention can be acquired.
Moreover, the secondary cell 110,110, ... which comprises the assembled batteries 100 and 200 is good also as direct connection, and good also as parallel connection. The effect of the present invention can be obtained regardless of the connection form.

実施形態１に係る組電池に関し、通常使用時における組電池の一部を上方から見た模式図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the assembled battery according to Embodiment 1 when a part of the assembled battery during normal use is viewed from above. 実施形態１に係る組電池に関し、異常膨張時における組電池の一部を上方から見た模式図である。It is the schematic diagram which looked at a part of assembled battery at the time of abnormal expansion regarding the assembled battery which concerns on Embodiment 1 from upper direction. 実施形態２に係る組電池に関し、通常使用時における組電池の一部を上方から見た模式図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a part of the assembled battery in normal use as viewed from above with respect to the assembled battery according to Embodiment 2. 実施形態２に係る組電池に関し、異常膨張時における組電池の一部を上方から見た模式図である。It is the schematic diagram which looked at a part of assembled battery at the time of abnormal expansion regarding the assembled battery which concerns on Embodiment 2 from upper direction.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１００，２００ 組電池
１１０ 二次単電池
１１３ 端子部材
１２０，２２０ 導電部材
１３０，２３０ 電気的接続路
１３１ 接合部（脆弱部）
２３１ 小断面積部（脆弱部） 100, 200 Battery pack 110 Secondary cell 113 Terminal member 120, 220 Conductive member 130, 230 Electrical connection path 131 Joint (fragile part)
231 Small cross-sectional area (fragile part)

Claims (4)

外部に露出する端子部材を有する複数の二次単電池からなり、隣り合う前記二次単電池の前記端子部材間を導電部材で接続してなり、前記二次単電池の膨張により前記端子部材間の距離が大きくなるように各々の前記二次単電池を配置してなる組電池であって、
前記端子部材と前記導電部材とで構成される電気的接続路の少なくとも一部に、ＳＯＣが０％〜１００％での使用時における前記二次単電池の膨張による応力では破断しないで、且つ、熱暴走の開始時における前記二次単電池の膨張よりも小さい膨張による応力で破断し、隣り合う前記二次単電池間の通電を遮断する脆弱部を有する
組電池。 It consists of a plurality of secondary unit cells having terminal members exposed to the outside, and the terminal members of the adjacent secondary unit cells are connected by a conductive member, and between the terminal members due to expansion of the secondary unit cells An assembled battery in which the secondary cells are arranged so that the distance of
At least a part of the electrical connection path composed of the terminal member and the conductive member does not break due to stress due to expansion of the secondary cell when used with an SOC of 0% to 100%, and An assembled battery having a fragile portion that breaks due to a stress caused by expansion smaller than that of the secondary unit cell at the start of thermal runaway and interrupts energization between the adjacent secondary unit cells. 外部に露出する端子部材を有する複数の二次単電池からなり、隣り合う前記二次単電池の前記端子部材間を導電部材で接続してなり、前記二次単電池の膨張により前記端子部材間の距離が大きくなるように各々の前記二次単電池を配置してなる組電池であって、
前記端子部材と前記導電部材とで構成される電気的接続路の少なくとも一部に、ＳＯＣが０％〜１００％での使用時における、前記導電部材で接続された隣り合う前記二次単電池の膨張による応力では破断しないで、且つ、前記導電部材で接続された隣り合う前記二次単電池の容器が膨張破壊するときの前記二次単電池の膨張よりも小さい膨張による応力で破断し、隣り合う前記二次単電池間の通電を遮断する脆弱部を有する
組電池。 It consists of a plurality of secondary unit cells having terminal members exposed to the outside, and the terminal members of the adjacent secondary unit cells are connected by a conductive member, and between the terminal members due to expansion of the secondary unit cells An assembled battery in which the secondary cells are arranged so that the distance of
At least part of the electrical connection path constituted by the terminal member and the conductive member, the adjacent secondary cell connected by the conductive member at the time of use when the SOC is 0% to 100%. It does not break due to stress due to expansion, and breaks due to stress due to expansion smaller than the expansion of the secondary cell when the container of the adjacent secondary cell connected by the conductive member expands and breaks. The assembled battery which has a weak part which interrupts | blocks electricity supply between the said secondary cell which fits. 請求項１または請求項２に記載の組電池であって、
前記脆弱部は、前記端子部材と前記導電部材との接合部である
組電池。 The assembled battery according to claim 1 or 2,
The weakened part is an assembled battery which is a joint part between the terminal member and the conductive member. 請求項１または請求項２に記載の組電池であって、
前記導電部材は、他の部分よりも断面積が小さくされてなる小断面積部を有し、
前記脆弱部は、この小断面積部である
組電池。 The assembled battery according to claim 1 or 2,
The conductive member has a small cross-sectional area part having a smaller cross-sectional area than the other part,
The fragile portion is an assembled battery having a small cross-sectional area.
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