JP5044464B2 - 光導波路体 - Google Patents
光導波路体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5044464B2 JP5044464B2 JP2008083289A JP2008083289A JP5044464B2 JP 5044464 B2 JP5044464 B2 JP 5044464B2 JP 2008083289 A JP2008083289 A JP 2008083289A JP 2008083289 A JP2008083289 A JP 2008083289A JP 5044464 B2 JP5044464 B2 JP 5044464B2
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- Prior art keywords
- refractive index
- core
- clad
- optical waveguide
- waveguide body
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 98
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 16
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005355 lead glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910013641 LiNbO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002438 flame photometric detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/3564—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details
- G02B6/3568—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details characterised by the actuating force
- G02B6/357—Electrostatic force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00663—Production of light guides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02033—Core or cladding made from organic material, e.g. polymeric material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/032—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with non solid core or cladding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/3502—Optical coupling means having switching means involving direct waveguide displacement, e.g. cantilever type waveguide displacement involving waveguide bending, or displacing an interposed waveguide between stationary waveguides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/3536—Optical coupling means having switching means involving evanescent coupling variation, e.g. by a moving element such as a membrane which changes the effective refractive index
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
- G02B6/3544—2D constellations, i.e. with switching elements and switched beams located in a plane
- G02B6/3548—1xN switch, i.e. one input and a selectable single output of N possible outputs
- G02B6/3552—1x1 switch, e.g. on/off switch
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/3564—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details
- G02B6/3568—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details characterised by the actuating force
- G02B6/3572—Magnetic force
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Description
θ>θm・・・(2)
なお、θmは一般に臨界角と呼ばれ、全反射を起こすために必要な入射角の最小値である。すなわち、n1>n2条件下において、入射角が臨界角より大きい場合は、界面において全反射する。従って、光が導波する領域を、この光の導波領域より屈折率の小さな領域で覆い、これらの界面における入射角が臨界角より大きくなるように光を入射することで、光は導波路体内部を、全反射を繰り返しながら導波する。
なお、θ2は一般に屈折角と呼ばれ、n1層から入射された光は、この角度θ2で屈折してn2層を導波する。すなわち、n1≦n2条件下では、全反射が起きることはなく、常に式(3)を満たしながらn1層からn2層に光が導波する。従って、光が導波する領域が、この導波領域より屈折率の大きな領域に接した場合、この界面において光は全反射せずに、透過することになる。
まず、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る光導波路体について、図3乃至図6を参照して説明する。
次に、本発明の他の実施形態に係る光導波路体について、図8、図9を参照して説明する。なお、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る光導波路体は、光を取り出す方法に特徴を有するものであり、光導波路体の構造、コアの変位手段および製造方法は第1の実施形態と同様であるため、これらの説明は省略する。
次に、本発明の他の実施形態に係る光導波路体について図10(a)(b)を参照して説明する。
次に、本発明の他の実施形態に係る光導波路体について図11(a)(b)を参照して説明する。
なお、ここで第3の屈折率は、図11における低屈折率部13の屈折率を示す。
nlsinθl=nhsinθh
が成り立つ。したがって、nlとnhを調整することにより出射角を所望の方向に制御して、取り出すことが可能になる。
12、12a、12b・・・クラッド
13・・・低屈折率部
14・・・レーザ光
15・・・空気
15’・・・間隙
16・・・変位手段(電極)
161、164・・・変位手段(負の電圧が印加された電極)
162、165・・・変位手段(正の電圧が印加された電極)
163・・・クラッド内部の電極
17・・・高屈折率部
18・・・低屈折率クラッド
19・・・高屈折率クラッド
20・・・散乱粒子を含有したクラッド
21・・・導電性粒子を含有したクラッド
22・・・絶縁体
23・・・貫通穴
30・・・スペーサー
Claims (8)
- 光を導波し、第1の屈折率を有する、帯電可能なコアと、
前記第1の屈折率以上の第2の屈折率を有する高屈折率部を含むクラッドと、
前記高屈折率部と帯電した前記コアとを接触させる変位手段と、
を有することを特徴とする光導波路体。 - 前記コアと接触した前記高屈折率部から前記コアを導波する光の一部または全部を取り出すことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光導波路体。
- 前記コアと前記クラッドの間に第1の屈折率よりも小さい第3の屈折率を有する低屈折率部を有することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の光導波路体。
- 前記クラッドは散乱粒子を含有していることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の光導波路体。
- 前記クラッドは導電性粒子を含有していることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の光導波路体。
- 前記変位手段は電界印加手段であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の光導波路体。
- 前記変位手段は、前記コアと前記クラッドとの接触部を経時的に連続的に変位させることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の光導波路体。
- 前記クラッドは、前記コアを囲むことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の光導波路体。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008083289A JP5044464B2 (ja) | 2008-03-27 | 2008-03-27 | 光導波路体 |
US12/411,823 US7903916B2 (en) | 2008-03-27 | 2009-03-26 | Optical waveguide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008083289A JP5044464B2 (ja) | 2008-03-27 | 2008-03-27 | 光導波路体 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009237276A JP2009237276A (ja) | 2009-10-15 |
JP5044464B2 true JP5044464B2 (ja) | 2012-10-10 |
Family
ID=41117364
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008083289A Expired - Fee Related JP5044464B2 (ja) | 2008-03-27 | 2008-03-27 | 光導波路体 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7903916B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5044464B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5367383B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-14 | 2013-12-11 | 株式会社東芝 | 表示装置及びその駆動方法 |
WO2011125102A1 (ja) | 2010-04-02 | 2011-10-13 | 株式会社 東芝 | 表示装置 |
WO2012009307A1 (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2012-01-19 | Corning Incorporated | Cylindrical vector beam generation from a multicore optical fiber |
JP5161934B2 (ja) | 2010-08-03 | 2013-03-13 | 株式会社東芝 | 表示素子および表示装置 |
JP5775772B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-22 | 2015-09-09 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 有機溶剤現像用の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物、これを用いたレジスト膜、パターン形成方法、及び電子デバイスの製造方法 |
CN104220908A (zh) * | 2012-01-31 | 2014-12-17 | 阿西梅特里克医疗有限公司 | 通过弯曲将光纤配置成发射辐射 |
JP6376948B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-06 | 2018-08-22 | 株式会社クラベ | 光伝送体及び照明装置 |
CN107678096B (zh) * | 2016-08-01 | 2019-11-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | 光开关和光交换系统 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19849862C1 (de) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-04-06 | Alcatel Sa | Thermooptischer Schalter |
JP3909812B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-19 | 2007-04-25 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 表示素子及び露光素子 |
US20030138209A1 (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2003-07-24 | Chan Edward Keat Leam | Filter device using thermo-optically controlled bragg grating |
US6775449B2 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2004-08-10 | Fitel Usa Corp. | Multimode optical fiber having reduced intermodal dispersion |
US7715675B2 (en) * | 2003-07-18 | 2010-05-11 | Corning Incorporated | Optical fiber coating system and coated optical fiber |
JP4282533B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-19 | 2009-06-24 | 株式会社東芝 | 表示装置 |
EP2105333B1 (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2012-06-20 | Inalfa Roof Systems Group B.V. | Roof assembly for a vehicle and method of operating same |
-
2008
- 2008-03-27 JP JP2008083289A patent/JP5044464B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-03-26 US US12/411,823 patent/US7903916B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7903916B2 (en) | 2011-03-08 |
US20090245741A1 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
JP2009237276A (ja) | 2009-10-15 |
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