JP5040016B2 - Cancer prevention agent - Google Patents

Cancer prevention agent Download PDF

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Publication number
JP5040016B2
JP5040016B2 JP2001288024A JP2001288024A JP5040016B2 JP 5040016 B2 JP5040016 B2 JP 5040016B2 JP 2001288024 A JP2001288024 A JP 2001288024A JP 2001288024 A JP2001288024 A JP 2001288024A JP 5040016 B2 JP5040016 B2 JP 5040016B2
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vinegar
composition
acid
cancer cells
present
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JP2003095976A (en
Inventor
和男 上中居
大樹 川端
泰 西川
久美子 南田
由美 下地
嘉崇 田村
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タマノイ酢株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本願発明は、食酢中から分離された抗酸化組成物、食酢分離組成物を有効成分とする発癌予防剤及び食酢分離組成物に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
食酢は、古くから調味料として広く使用されているが、調味のみならず、抗菌等の他の機能も利用されてきた。特に、経験的に酢を摂ると健康によいということが知られており、民間薬的な効用を期待した使われ方もされている。
【0003】
食酢には、胃液の分泌促進、疲労回復、脂肪肝防御、高血圧の予防、過酸化脂質の低下、コレステロールの低下、血中アルコールの低減等の効果があるとされている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
食酢が抗酸化作用を有することは近年の研究により判明しているが、食酢中のいずれの成分が抗酸化作用に有効であるかに関しては、未だ具体的にされていない。
【0005】
また、フェルラ酸誘導体が発癌予防活性を有することが明らかにされているが、食酢中に、ジヒドロフェルラ酸及びジヒドロシナピン酸などが存在することは知られていない。
【0006】
本願発明は、食酢中から分離された極めて優れた抗酸化作用を持つ抗酸化組成物、食酢分離組成物を有効成分とする癌予防に効果的な発癌予防剤及び各種生理活性を有する食酢分離組成物を提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願発明者は、上述の課題に対し、食酢中の成分について、比較的安定なフリーラジカルである2,2−ジフェニル−1−ピクリルヒドラジル(以下「DPPH」という。)を用いたラジカル消去活性を指標にして検討を重ねた結果、本願発明を完成するに至った。
【0008】
即ち、本願発明の抗酸化組成物は、食酢中から分離された抗酸化組成物である。この発明の好適形態においては、上記食酢中から分離された抗酸化組成物は、ジヒドロフェルラ酸、ジヒドロシナピン酸のうち一種以上を含有してなる。
【0009】
本願発明の発癌予防剤は、食酢分離組成物を有効成分とする発癌予防剤である。この発明の好適形態においては、上記食酢分離組成物は、ジヒドロフェルラ酸及び/又はジヒドロシナピン酸を含有してなる。
【0010】
本願発明の食酢分離組成物は、ジヒドロフェルラ酸、ジヒドロシナピン酸のうち一種以上を含有してなる。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本願発明の抗酸化組成物は、食酢中から分離された抗酸化組成物である。本願発明の発癌予防剤は、食酢分離組成物を有効成分とする発癌予防剤である。本願発明の食酢分離組成物は、ジヒドロフェルラ酸、ジヒドロシナピン酸のうち一種以上を含有してなる。
【0012】
本願発明において用いられる食酢は、醸造酢であり、例えば、黒酢、米酢、穀物酢、アルコール酢、果実酢等が挙げられるが、黒酢であることが好ましい。食酢の中でもとりわけ黒酢が高いDPPHラジカル消去活性を有するからである。
【0013】
黒酢には、水分、酢酸等の有機酸、アミノ酸等の窒素化合物、炭水化物を中心に、カリウムやカルシウム等のミネラル類、ビタミンB1、B2等のビタミン類などの成分が含まれている。
【0014】
黒酢の原料としては、玄米及び水を基本とするが、麦、大豆、酵母等を用いることがある。
【0015】
黒酢については、脂質代謝改善、赤血球変形能改善、抗アレルギー作用、血圧調節及び血糖調節等の多くの生体調節機能を有することが確認されている。
【0016】
なお、本願発明において好ましく用いられる黒酢には、広く一般に黒酢と呼ばれるものはすべて含まれ、天然壺酢製法によるものに限定されない。
【0017】
本願発明において、抗酸化組成物、発癌予防剤又は食酢分離組成物を得る方法としては、食酢中に含まれるジヒドロフェルラ酸やジヒドロシナピン酸などの有効成分を分離することができればどのようなものでもよく、特に限定されないが、例えば、吸着剤、減圧濃縮、分配抽出、溶媒抽出、凍結乾燥、膜分離などのいずれか一種以上を用いた方法を例示することができる。
【0018】
具体的には、例えば、食酢を樹脂カラムに一定時間通液した後、樹脂カラムへの吸着物を溶出させ、その溶出液から溶媒を除去し、残留物から有効成分を抽出して、その抽出物を減圧濃縮するという方法を採用すると、処理が簡便で、短時間に効率よく食酢中から抗酸化組成物、発癌予防剤又は食酢分離組成物を得ることができる。
【0019】
前記方法において、樹脂カラムへの吸着物を溶出させる溶媒としては、メタノール、エタノール、酢酸エチル、クロロホルム等を使用することができ、残留物からの有効成分の抽出溶媒には、例えば、酢酸エチル、水、エタノール、メタノール、クロロホルム、アセトニトリル、ブタノール、1−プロパノール、ジエチルエーテルなどを使用することができる。
【0020】
本願発明の抗酸化組成物や食酢分離組成物は、そのまま用いるだけでなく、濃縮したり、凍結乾燥や噴霧乾燥等により乾燥したり、必要成分を精製したりして用いることができ、本願発明の効果を妨げない範囲で各種物質を混合することもできる。
【0021】
本願発明の発癌予防剤は、それ自体又は適宜製剤上の賦形剤、結合剤、希釈剤等と混合してなるものであり、粉末、顆粒、錠剤、カプセル、シロップ剤、注射剤など任意の剤型で、経口的又は非経口的に投与することができる。
【0022】
本願発明の食酢分離組成物は、大腸癌細胞、肺癌細胞及び膀胱癌細胞を含む難治性腫瘍を構成する腫瘍細胞の増殖を抑制する性質、悪性腫瘍、心筋梗塞、脳卒中、リウマチ、各種生活習慣病(動脈硬化、糖尿病等)、肝障害などの疾患や、ストレス、老化の原因とされる、活性酸素や過酸化脂質に由来する生体内のラジカルを捕捉する性質、生体内の細胞による一酸化窒素の生成を抑制することにより、生体内での過剰な一酸化窒素が関連する自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、炎症性疾患、悪性腫瘍、肝障害、肺障害等の諸疾患を治療、予防する性質を具備しており、ヒトを含む哺乳類において多彩な生理作用を発揮する。
【0023】
なお、本願発明の食酢分離組成物には、前記生理作用の観点から、ジヒドロフェルラ酸が1重量%以上又はジヒドロシナピン酸が0.2重量%以上含まれていることが好ましい。
【0024】
本願発明において、有効成分の効能や効果をより効果的に発揮させるため、上述の方法により得られた抗酸化組成物、発癌予防剤又は食酢分離組成物を精製することは好ましい。ここで、抗酸化組成物、発癌予防剤又は食酢分離組成物を精製する方法は、特に限定されないが、例えば、吸着剤、減圧濃縮、分配抽出、溶媒抽出、凍結乾燥、乾固、膜分離のいずれか一種以上を用いた方法を例示することができる。
【0025】
具体的には、例えば、イオン交換樹脂などを充填したカラムに精製しようとする組成物を負荷した後、溶媒をカラムに通液して目的成分を溶出させ、その溶出液を溶媒抽出した後、この抽出液を減圧濃縮した濃縮物をシリカゲルなどを充填したカラムに負荷して溶媒を通液し、溶出液について、DPPHラジカル消去活性を測定し、DPPHラジカル消去活性の高かった画分を集め、溶媒を留去し、乾固する方法を採用すると、夾雑成分をよりよく取り除き、有効成分の精製が良好となる。
【0026】
前記方法において、精製しようとする組成物を負荷したカラムに通液する溶媒としては、トリス緩衝液、リン酸緩衝液、酢酸緩衝液等を使用することができる。溶出液を抽出する溶媒としては、例えば、酢酸エチル、水、エタノール、メタノール、クロロホルム、アセトニトリル、ブタノール、1−プロパノール、ジエチルエーテル等が挙げられるが、酢酸エチルを用いるのが好ましい。濃縮物を負荷したカラムに通液する液体としては、例えば、ヘキサン、酢酸エチル混合液やヘキサン、メタノール混合液を使用することができる。
【0027】
DPPHラジカル消去活性は、常法を用いて測定することができる。
【0028】
なお、前記方法で、黒酢を分離した場合、ヘキサン、酢酸エチル混合液の濃度比を段階的に変化させながら通液した後の溶出液には、DPPHラジカル消去活性の高い2つの画分が存在する。この2つの画分のうち、一方の画分にはジヒドロフェルラ酸が濃縮されたものとなり、他方の画分にはジヒドロシナピン酸が濃縮されたものとなる。
【0029】
【実施例】
(1)食酢分離組成物の作製
(実施例1)
黒酢(タマノイ酢株式会社製)50リットル(約50kg)を、樹脂カラム(オルガノ株式会社製、製品名:アンバーライトXAD−4)に12時間通液した。その後、樹脂カラムに吸着した吸着物(吸着画分)を12リットルのメタノールで溶出させて溶出液1aを得た。
【0030】
その溶出液1aを減圧濃縮してメタノールを留去し、残留物1bを得た。
【0031】
残留物1bを酢酸エチルで抽出し、抽出液1cを得た。
【0032】
抽出液1cを減圧濃縮し、本願発明となる食酢分離組成物1を20g得た。この食酢分離組成物1を高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)により定量したところ、ジヒドロフェルラ酸が6.3重量%、ジヒドロシナピン酸が1.0重量%含まれていることがわかった。
【0033】
(2)食酢分離組成物の抗酸化作用
(実施例2)
実施例1と同様の操作を繰り返し、食酢分離組成物2を得た。
【0034】
樹脂(東ソー株式会社製、製品名:DEAE トヨパール)500mlを充填したカラムに食酢分離組成物2を20g負荷し、その後、リン酸緩衝溶液を通液した。この溶出液(DEAE非吸着画分)を酢酸エチルで抽出し、抽出液を減圧濃縮し、濃縮物2aを9g得た。
【0035】
9gの濃縮物2aを420gのシリカゲルを充填したカラムに負荷し、ヘキサン、酢酸エチル混合液を濃度比8:2から0:100に段階的に変化させながら通液し、溶出液を30mlずつ採取した。
【0036】
それぞれの溶出液について、以下の方法によりDPPHラジカル消去活性を求めた。
【0037】
イ)溶出液をエタノール又は水に溶解させた溶液0.2mlに、100mMのトリス−塩酸緩衝溶液0.8mlと0.5mMのDPPHエタノール溶液1mlを加え、よく撹拌した後に遮光して室温で20分間放置し、試験体とした。
【0038】
ロ)吸光度計で試験体の517nmにおける吸光度を測定した。
【0039】
ハ)試験体のかわりに、最終1mMになるようにトロロックスを加えたものを100%ラジカル消去の対照とした。
【0040】
ニ)DPPHラジカル消去活性の消去率は、消去率(%)=[{(溶媒)−(試験体)}/{(溶媒)−(トロロックス)}]×100を用いて求めた。なお、(溶媒)は、試験体の代わりにエタノールを入れたものであり、( )内は517nmにおける吸光度である。
【0041】
その結果、270〜330番目の画分(以下、画分「2b」という。)と346〜370番目の画分(以下、画分「2c」という。)のDPPHラジカル消去活性が高かった。
【0042】
DPPHラジカル消去活性の高かった、画分2bと画分2cを集めて、溶媒を減圧濃縮で留去し、乾固した。
【0043】
60gのシリカゲルを充填したカラムに画分2bを900mg負荷し、クロロホルム、メタノール混合液(9:1)を通液した。溶出液を30mlずつ採取し、それぞれの溶出液について、上述の方法により、DPPHラジカル消去活性を測定した。DPPHラジカル消去活性の高かった、9〜11番目の画分を集めて、溶媒を減圧濃縮で留去し、乾固して150mg得た。これを薄層クロマトグラフィー(TLC)によりさらに分取をして本願発明である食酢分離組成物2Bを33mg得た。この食酢分離組成物2Bは、液体クロマト質量分析(LC−MS)、核磁気共鳴法(NMR)によりジヒドロフェルラ酸であることを同定した。
【0044】
50gのシリカゲルを充填したカラムに画分2cを350mg負荷し、へキサン、酢酸エチル混合液(5:5)を通液した。溶出液を30mlずつ採取し、それぞれの溶出液について、上述の方法により、DPPHラジカル消去活性を測定した。DPPHラジカル消去活性が高かった、19〜26本目の画分を集めて、溶媒を減圧濃縮で留去し、乾固して110mg得た。これをTLCによりさらに分取をして本願発明である食酢分離組成物2Cを13mg得た。この食酢分離組成物2Cは、LC−MS、NMRにより、ジヒドロシナピン酸であることを同定した。
【0045】
なお、DPPHラジカルを50%消去したときの濃度(IC50)が低いほど、DPPHラジカル消去活性が高いといえるため、IC50の値からDPPHラジカル消去活性の強さを知ることができる。IC50の値は、直接測定することは困難であるが、濃度と消去率の関係を表したグラフから求めることができる。
【0046】
黒酢、食酢分離組成物2、食酢分離組成物2B、食酢分離組成物2CのIC50を表1に示す。
【0047】
【表1】

Figure 0005040016
【0048】
IC50の値より、食酢分離組成物2、食酢分離組成物2B及び食酢分離組成物2CのDPPHラジカル消去活性は、いずれも黒酢より桁違いに高く、食酢分離組成物2、食酢分離組成物2B、食酢分離組成物2Cの順に高くなることがわかった。即ち、本願発明の食酢分離組成物は、DPPHラジカル消去活性が非常に高く、抗酸化組成物として極めて優れた抗酸化作用を有することがわかった。
【0049】
(3)AOM誘発ラット大腸ACFの抑制効果
(実施例3)
実施例1と同様の操作を繰り返し、食酢分離組成物3を得た。
【0050】
42匹の雄F344ラットを6群に分け、以下の条件で飼育した。
【0051】
イ)1、2、3、4群(各8匹)には、水にそれぞれ0重量%、0.05重量%、0.1重量%、0.2重量%の食酢分離組成物3を混ぜた溶液を4週間にわたって与えた。発がん物質であるAOM(アゾキシメタン)は、水又は食酢分離組成物3を混ぜた溶液を与え始めてから7日後と14日後に、1回当たり20mg/kg bodyを与えた。
【0052】
ロ)5群(5匹)には、水に0.2重量%の食酢分離組成物3を混ぜた溶液のみを与えた。
【0053】
ハ)6群(5匹)には、AOMも投与せず、水を与え、コントロールとした。
4週間後、大腸を取り出してホルマリンで固定し、大腸粘膜に発生しているACF(大腸癌前駆病変:aberrant crypt foci)をメチレンブルーで染色してその数を測定した。
【0054】
ラットの数、食酢分離組成物3の濃度、AOMの有無、ACFの発生個数の一覧を表2に示す。
【0055】
【表2】
Figure 0005040016
【0056】
水に食酢分離組成物3を含有させた溶液を与えた2群、3群及び4群は、水に食酢分離組成物3を含有させなかった1群に比べ、ACFの発生個数を減少させることができた。即ち、ジヒドロフェルラ酸、ジヒドロシナピン酸を含んだ本願発明の食酢分離組成物をラットに与えることにより大腸癌前駆病変であるACFの発生を抑えることができ、本願発明の食酢分離組成物は、発癌予防剤としてがん予防に有効であることがわかった。
【0057】
(4)ヒト癌細胞増殖抑制効果
(実施例4)
実施例1と同様の操作を繰り返し、食酢分離組成物4を得た。
【0058】
ヒト大腸癌由来細胞株CACO−2、ヒト肺癌由来細胞株A549、ヒト乳癌由来細胞株MCF−7、ヒト膀胱癌由来細胞株5637、ヒト前立腺癌由来細胞株LNCaPを以下の方法により、in vitroでの増殖抑制試験に供した。細胞の種類、初発細胞数及び培地の一覧を表3に示す。
【0059】
【表3】
Figure 0005040016
【0060】
継代培養した各種細胞をそれぞれ一定量、一定の培地で懸濁し、該懸濁液を96穴マイクロプレートに80μlずつ注入した。これを5%炭酸ガス培養器中で、37℃に保ち、24時間培養した。その後、食酢分離組成物4を含む検体を20μl添加し、上記と同様の条件で、CACO−2は96時間、その他は72時間培養した。その後、培養液にalamarBlue(登録商標)試薬(BIOSOURCE INTERNATIONAL社製)10μlを添加し、上記と同様の条件で3時間培養した。上清を回収し、マイクロプレートリーダーで蛍光強度(励起波長544nm、蛍光波長590nm)を測定した。
【0061】
食酢分離組成物4を添加しなかったものの蛍光強度を増殖率100%とし、これに対する細胞増殖抑制率50%濃度(IC50)を求めた。
【0062】
各種細胞に対する食酢分離組成物4のIC50を表4に示す。
【0063】
【表4】
Figure 0005040016
【0064】
本願発明の食酢分離組成物は、発癌予防剤として、ヒトの各種癌細胞に対し良好な増殖抑制効果を示した。
【0065】
【発明の効果】
本願発明の抗酸化組成物は、極めて優れた抗酸化作用を持つ。
【0066】
本願発明の発癌予防剤は、各種癌細胞に対して増殖抑制効果があり、発癌予防に有効に作用する。
【0067】
本願発明の食酢分離組成物は、難治性腫瘍を構成する腫瘍細胞を抑制する性質、活性酸素や過酸化脂質に由来する生体内のラジカルを捕捉する性質、生体内の細胞による一酸化窒素の生成を抑制する性質を具備しており、ヒトを含む哺乳類において多彩な生理作用を発揮するため、抗腫瘍作用、ラジカル捕捉作用、一酸化窒素生成の抑制作用を発揮する生薬として、例えば、食品分野、化粧品分野、医薬品分野において有利に用いることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an anti-oxidant composition separated from vinegar, a carcinogenic preventive and an vinegar separation composition containing the vinegar separation composition as an active ingredient.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Although vinegar has been widely used as a seasoning since ancient times, not only seasoning but also other functions such as antibacterial have been used. In particular, it is known from experience that vinegar is good for health, and it is also used in anticipation of folk medicine benefits.
[0003]
Vinegar is said to have effects such as promotion of gastric juice secretion, recovery from fatigue, prevention of fatty liver, prevention of hypertension, reduction of lipid peroxide, reduction of cholesterol, and reduction of blood alcohol.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although it has been found by recent studies that vinegar has an antioxidant effect, it has not yet been specified as to which components in vinegar are effective for the antioxidant effect.
[0005]
Moreover, although it has been clarified that ferulic acid derivatives have carcinogenic activity, it is not known that dihydroferulic acid, dihydrosinapic acid and the like are present in vinegar.
[0006]
The present invention relates to an antioxidant composition having an excellent antioxidation effect separated from vinegar, a carcinogenic prophylactic agent effective for cancer prevention comprising the vinegar separation composition as an active ingredient, and a vinegar separation composition having various physiological activities. It provides things.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventor of the present application solves the above-mentioned problems by radical scavenging using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (hereinafter referred to as “DPPH”), which is a relatively stable free radical, for the components in vinegar. As a result of repeated studies using the activity as an index, the present invention has been completed.
[0008]
That is, the antioxidant composition of the present invention is an antioxidant composition separated from vinegar. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antioxidant composition separated from the vinegar contains at least one of dihydroferulic acid and dihydrosinapic acid.
[0009]
The carcinogenic preventive agent of the present invention is a carcinogenic prophylactic agent comprising a vinegar separating composition as an active ingredient. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vinegar separating composition contains dihydroferulic acid and / or dihydrosinapic acid.
[0010]
The vinegar separating composition of the present invention contains at least one of dihydroferulic acid and dihydrosinapic acid.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The antioxidant composition of the present invention is an antioxidant composition separated from vinegar. The carcinogenic preventive agent of the present invention is a carcinogenic prophylactic agent comprising a vinegar separating composition as an active ingredient. The vinegar separating composition of the present invention contains at least one of dihydroferulic acid and dihydrosinapic acid.
[0012]
The vinegar used in the present invention is brewed vinegar, and examples thereof include black vinegar, rice vinegar, grain vinegar, alcohol vinegar, and fruit vinegar, and black vinegar is preferred. This is because, among vinegars, black vinegar has high DPPH radical scavenging activity.
[0013]
Black vinegar contains water, organic acids such as acetic acid, nitrogen compounds such as amino acids, carbohydrates, minerals such as potassium and calcium, and vitamins such as vitamins B1 and B2.
[0014]
The raw material for black vinegar is based on brown rice and water, but wheat, soybeans, yeast, etc. may be used.
[0015]
Black vinegar has been confirmed to have many biological regulation functions such as lipid metabolism improvement, erythrocyte deformability improvement, antiallergic action, blood pressure regulation and blood glucose regulation.
[0016]
The black vinegar that is preferably used in the present invention includes all those generally called black vinegar, and is not limited to those produced by the natural koji vinegar manufacturing method.
[0017]
In the present invention, as a method for obtaining an antioxidant composition, a carcinogenesis-preventing agent or a vinegar separating composition, any method can be used as long as it can separate active ingredients such as dihydroferulic acid and dihydrosinapic acid contained in vinegar. For example, a method using any one or more of adsorbent, vacuum concentration, partition extraction, solvent extraction, lyophilization, membrane separation, and the like can be exemplified.
[0018]
Specifically, for example, after passing vinegar through a resin column for a certain period of time, the adsorbate to the resin column is eluted, the solvent is removed from the eluate, the active ingredient is extracted from the residue, and the extraction is performed. If the method of concentrating a thing under reduced pressure is employ | adopted, a process is simple and an antioxidant composition, a carcinogenesis preventive agent, or a vinegar isolation composition can be obtained from vinegar efficiently in a short time.
[0019]
In the method, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform and the like can be used as a solvent for eluting the adsorbate to the resin column, and for example, ethyl acetate, Water, ethanol, methanol, chloroform, acetonitrile, butanol, 1-propanol, diethyl ether and the like can be used.
[0020]
The antioxidant composition and vinegar separating composition of the present invention can be used not only as they are, but also after being concentrated, dried by freeze drying, spray drying, etc., or by purifying necessary components. Various substances can also be mixed within a range that does not interfere with the effect.
[0021]
The agent for preventing carcinogenesis according to the present invention is itself or appropriately mixed with excipients, binders, diluents, etc. in pharmaceutical preparations, and can be any powder, granule, tablet, capsule, syrup, injection, etc. The dosage form can be administered orally or parenterally.
[0022]
The vinegar separating composition of the present invention has the property of suppressing the growth of tumor cells constituting intractable tumors including colon cancer cells, lung cancer cells and bladder cancer cells, malignant tumors, myocardial infarction, stroke, rheumatism, various lifestyle-related diseases (Atherosclerosis, diabetes, etc.) Diseases such as liver damage, stress, aging, the ability to capture radicals in the body derived from active oxygen and lipid peroxides, nitric oxide by cells in the body The ability to treat and prevent various diseases such as autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases, inflammatory diseases, malignant tumors, liver disorders, and lung disorders associated with excessive nitric oxide in vivo It exhibits a variety of physiological effects in mammals including humans.
[0023]
The vinegar separating composition of the present invention preferably contains 1% by weight or more of dihydroferulic acid or 0.2% by weight or more of dihydrosinapic acid from the viewpoint of the physiological action.
[0024]
In this invention, in order to exhibit the effect and effect of an active ingredient more effectively, it is preferable to refine | purify the antioxidant composition obtained by the above-mentioned method, a carcinogenesis preventive agent, or a vinegar isolation composition. Here, the method for purifying the antioxidant composition, the carcinogenesis-preventing agent or the vinegar separation composition is not particularly limited, but for example, adsorbent, vacuum concentration, partition extraction, solvent extraction, lyophilization, drying, membrane separation A method using any one or more of them can be exemplified.
[0025]
Specifically, for example, after loading a composition to be purified on a column packed with an ion exchange resin or the like, the solvent is passed through the column to elute the target component, and the eluate is subjected to solvent extraction. The extract obtained by concentrating the extract under reduced pressure was loaded onto a column packed with silica gel and the like, and the solvent was passed through. The eluate was measured for DPPH radical scavenging activity, and the fraction having high DPPH radical scavenging activity was collected. If the method of distilling off the solvent and drying to solid is adopted, the contaminated components are better removed and the purification of the active ingredients becomes better.
[0026]
In the above method, a Tris buffer solution, a phosphate buffer solution, an acetate buffer solution, or the like can be used as a solvent that passes through a column loaded with the composition to be purified. Examples of the solvent for extracting the eluate include ethyl acetate, water, ethanol, methanol, chloroform, acetonitrile, butanol, 1-propanol, diethyl ether and the like, and it is preferable to use ethyl acetate. As a liquid that passes through the column loaded with the concentrate, for example, a hexane / ethyl acetate mixed solution or a hexane / methanol mixed solution can be used.
[0027]
DPPH radical scavenging activity can be measured using a conventional method.
[0028]
When black vinegar is separated by the above method, two fractions having high DPPH radical scavenging activity are present in the eluate after passing through while changing the concentration ratio of the hexane / ethyl acetate mixture stepwise. Exists. Of these two fractions, one fraction is enriched with dihydroferulic acid, and the other fraction is enriched with dihydrosinapic acid.
[0029]
【Example】
(1) Production of vinegar separating composition (Example 1)
50 liters (about 50 kg) of black vinegar (manufactured by Tamanoi vinegar) was passed through a resin column (manufactured by Organo Corporation, product name: Amberlite XAD-4) for 12 hours. Thereafter, the adsorbate (adsorbed fraction) adsorbed on the resin column was eluted with 12 liters of methanol to obtain an eluate 1a.
[0030]
The eluate 1a was concentrated under reduced pressure, and methanol was distilled off to obtain a residue 1b.
[0031]
The residue 1b was extracted with ethyl acetate to obtain an extract 1c.
[0032]
Extract 1c was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 20 g of vinegar separating composition 1 according to the present invention. When this vinegar separated composition 1 was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), it was found that it contained 6.3% by weight of dihydroferulic acid and 1.0% by weight of dihydrosinapic acid.
[0033]
(2) Antioxidant action of vinegar separating composition (Example 2)
The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated to obtain a vinegar separating composition 2.
[0034]
A column packed with 500 ml of resin (product name: DEAE Toyopearl, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) was loaded with 20 g of vinegar separating composition 2, and then a phosphate buffer solution was passed therethrough. This eluate (DEAE non-adsorbed fraction) was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 9 g of concentrate 2a.
[0035]
9 g of the concentrate 2a was loaded onto a column packed with 420 g of silica gel, and the hexane / ethyl acetate mixture was passed in a stepwise manner from a concentration ratio of 8: 2 to 0: 100, and 30 ml each of the eluate was collected. did.
[0036]
For each eluate, DPPH radical scavenging activity was determined by the following method.
[0037]
A) To 0.2 ml of a solution obtained by dissolving the eluate in ethanol or water, 0.8 ml of 100 mM Tris-HCl buffer solution and 1 ml of 0.5 mM DPPH ethanol solution were added, stirred well, and then protected from light at room temperature. The test specimen was left for a minute.
[0038]
B) The absorbance at 517 nm of the test specimen was measured with an absorptiometer.
[0039]
C) Instead of the test body, 100% radical scavenging control was obtained by adding Trolox to a final concentration of 1 mM.
[0040]
D) The erasing rate of DPPH radical scavenging activity was determined using the erasing rate (%) = [{(solvent)-(test body)} / {(solvent)-(trolox)}] × 100. In addition, (solvent) is what put ethanol instead of the test body, and () is the absorbance at 517 nm.
[0041]
As a result, the DPPH radical scavenging activity of the 270-330th fraction (hereinafter referred to as fraction “2b”) and the 346-370th fraction (hereinafter referred to as fraction “2c”) was high.
[0042]
Fractions 2b and 2c having high DPPH radical scavenging activity were collected, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure and dried.
[0043]
A column packed with 60 g of silica gel was loaded with 900 mg of fraction 2b, and a chloroform / methanol mixture (9: 1) was passed therethrough. 30 ml each of the eluate was collected, and the DPPH radical scavenging activity was measured for each eluate by the method described above. The ninth to eleventh fractions having high DPPH radical scavenging activity were collected, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, followed by drying to obtain 150 mg. This was further fractionated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) to obtain 33 mg of vinegar separating composition 2B according to the present invention. This vinegar separation composition 2B was identified as dihydroferulic acid by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
[0044]
A column packed with 50 g of silica gel was loaded with 350 mg of fraction 2c, and a mixture of hexane and ethyl acetate (5: 5) was passed therethrough. 30 ml each of the eluate was collected, and the DPPH radical scavenging activity was measured for each eluate by the method described above. The 19th to 26th fractions having high DPPH radical scavenging activity were collected, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, followed by drying to obtain 110 mg. This was further fractionated by TLC to obtain 13 mg of vinegar separating composition 2C according to the present invention. This vinegar separated composition 2C was identified as dihydrosinapic acid by LC-MS and NMR.
[0045]
Incidentally, the lower the concentration (IC 50) when the erase DPPH radical 50%, since it can be said that high DPPH radical scavenging activity, it is possible to know the strength of the DPPH radical scavenging activity from the value of IC 50. Although it is difficult to directly measure the IC 50 value, it can be obtained from a graph representing the relationship between the density and the erasure rate.
[0046]
Table 1 shows IC 50 of black vinegar, vinegar separation composition 2, vinegar separation composition 2B, and vinegar separation composition 2C.
[0047]
[Table 1]
Figure 0005040016
[0048]
From the value of IC 50 , the DPPH radical scavenging activity of vinegar separation composition 2, vinegar separation composition 2B, and vinegar separation composition 2C are all orders of magnitude higher than black vinegar, and vinegar separation composition 2, vinegar separation composition It turned out that it becomes high in order of 2B and the vinegar separation composition 2C. That is, it was found that the vinegar separating composition of the present invention has a very high DPPH radical scavenging activity and has an extremely excellent antioxidant action as an antioxidant composition.
[0049]
(3) Inhibitory effect of AOM-induced rat colon ACF (Example 3)
The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated to obtain a vinegar separating composition 3.
[0050]
Forty-two male F344 rats were divided into 6 groups and bred under the following conditions.
[0051]
B) In 1, 2, 3, 4 groups (each 8 animals), 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% by weight of vinegar separating composition 3 were mixed in water. The solution was given over 4 weeks. AOM (azoxymethane), which is a carcinogen, gave 20 mg / kg body per dose after 7 and 14 days from the start of giving a solution in which water or vinegar separating composition 3 was mixed.
[0052]
B) Group 5 (five animals) was given only a solution obtained by mixing 0.2% by weight of vinegar separating composition 3 in water.
[0053]
C) Six groups (five animals) were not administered AOM but given water and served as controls.
Four weeks later, the large intestine was taken out and fixed with formalin, and ACF (colorant cancer foci) developed in the large intestine mucosa was stained with methylene blue and the number thereof was measured.
[0054]
Table 2 shows a list of the number of rats, the concentration of vinegar separating composition 3, the presence or absence of AOM, and the number of ACFs generated.
[0055]
[Table 2]
Figure 0005040016
[0056]
2 groups, 3 groups and 4 groups given a solution containing vinegar separating composition 3 in water reduce the number of occurrences of ACF compared to 1 group not containing vinegar separating composition 3 in water. I was able to. That is, by giving a rat a vinegar separation composition of the present invention containing dihydroferulic acid and dihydrosinapinic acid to a rat, the occurrence of ACF which is a colorectal cancer precursor lesion can be suppressed. It was found to be effective in preventing cancer as a carcinogenic agent.
[0057]
(4) Human cancer cell growth inhibitory effect (Example 4)
The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated to obtain a vinegar separating composition 4.
[0058]
The human colon cancer-derived cell line CACO-2, the human lung cancer-derived cell line A549, the human breast cancer-derived cell line MCF-7, the human bladder cancer-derived cell line 5637, and the human prostate cancer-derived cell line LNCaP were obtained in vitro by the following method. Were subjected to a growth inhibition test. Table 3 shows a list of cell types, initial cell numbers, and culture media.
[0059]
[Table 3]
Figure 0005040016
[0060]
Each of the subcultured cells was suspended in a fixed amount and a fixed medium, and 80 μl of each suspension was injected into a 96-well microplate. This was kept at 37 ° C. in a 5% carbon dioxide incubator for 24 hours. Thereafter, 20 μl of a specimen containing vinegar separating composition 4 was added, and CACO-2 was cultured for 96 hours and others for 72 hours under the same conditions as described above. Thereafter, 10 μl of alamarBlue (registered trademark) reagent (manufactured by BIOSSOURCE INTERNATIONAL) was added to the culture solution, and the mixture was cultured for 3 hours under the same conditions as described above. The supernatant was collected, and the fluorescence intensity (excitation wavelength: 544 nm, fluorescence wavelength: 590 nm) was measured with a microplate reader.
[0061]
The fluorescence intensity of the sample to which vinegar separating composition 4 was not added was defined as a growth rate of 100%, and a cell growth inhibition rate of 50% concentration (IC 50 ) was obtained.
[0062]
Table 4 shows the IC 50 of the vinegar separating composition 4 for various cells.
[0063]
[Table 4]
Figure 0005040016
[0064]
The vinegar separating composition of the present invention showed a good growth inhibitory effect on various human cancer cells as a carcinogenic agent.
[0065]
【Effect of the invention】
The antioxidant composition of the present invention has an extremely excellent antioxidant effect.
[0066]
The agent for preventing carcinogenesis according to the present invention has a growth inhibitory effect on various cancer cells and effectively acts for preventing carcinogenesis.
[0067]
The vinegar separating composition of the present invention has the property of suppressing tumor cells constituting refractory tumors, the property of trapping in vivo radicals derived from active oxygen and lipid peroxide, and the generation of nitric oxide by cells in the body As a herbal medicine that exhibits antitumor action, radical scavenging action, and nitric oxide production inhibiting action, for example, in the food field, It can be advantageously used in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical fields.

Claims (4)

黒酢中から分離精製されたジヒドロフェルラ酸及び/又はジヒドロシナピン酸を有効成分とする発癌予防剤A carcinogenic preventive agent comprising dihydroferulic acid and / or dihydrosinapic acid separated and purified from black vinegar as an active ingredient. 黒酢中から分離精製された前記ジヒドロフェルラ酸は、前記ジヒドロフェルラ酸を1重量%以上含んでいる、黒酢からの分離組成物を精製したものであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の発癌予防剤。2. The dihydroferulic acid separated and purified from black vinegar is obtained by purifying a separated composition from black vinegar containing 1% by weight or more of the dihydroferulic acid. Cancer prevention agent. 黒酢中から分離精製された前記ジヒドロシナピン酸は、前記ジヒドロシナピン酸を0.2重量%以上含んでいる、黒酢からの分離組成物を精製したものであることを特徴とする請求項記載の発癌予防剤。The dihydrosinapinic acid separated and purified from black vinegar is obtained by purifying a composition isolated from black vinegar containing 0.2 % by weight or more of the dihydrosinapinic acid. Item 1. The carcinogenesis preventive agent according to Item 1 . ヒトの大腸癌細胞、肺癌細胞、乳癌細胞、膀胱癌細胞、前立腺癌細胞の増殖を抑制する請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項記載の発癌予防剤。 The agent for preventing carcinogenesis according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which suppresses the growth of human colon cancer cells, lung cancer cells, breast cancer cells, bladder cancer cells, and prostate cancer cells .
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