JP5037478B2 - Brake braking part - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to brake the braking portion.

  Conventionally, a predetermined hole is formed in the brake lining material in order to suppress noise during braking. As a method for forming the pores, diatomaceous earth, which is a porous inorganic material, is mixed in the brake lining material (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, sheet-like fibers are used, and the sheet-like fibers are stacked and heated and pressed to provide holes. In this case, at the time of molding, spacers are arranged to form a laminate in order to obtain a desired thickness, and a certain porosity is obtained. After molding, the laminate is fired to obtain a high-strength composite material (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  In addition, for example, by using a copper-based sintered material as a brake lining material, the brake lining material is formed so as to have pores, and even if oil is present on the braking surface, the oil is applied to the brake lining material by capillary action. An example in which it is absorbed is disclosed. In this example, the porosity is 35% or more to absorb oil. (See, for example, Reference 3).

JP 2003-194121 A (pages 2 to 4) JP 2001-181064 A (pages 7 to 10) JP-A-11-241106 (pages 8 to 15)

  In the conventional brake lining material, it has been difficult to freely change the porosity in the depth direction of the plate-like brake lining material. In addition, it is effective to form pores as a means to reduce the squeal of the brake. However, when the porosity is increased, the strength against shear force perpendicular to the depth direction of the brake lining material is inevitably lowered. There is a problem that fades and breaks during sudden braking. That is, when the porosity is increased, the squeal is reduced but the strength is lowered. For this reason, the device has been devised to achieve both strength and squeal effects, but it is difficult to select an optimal material for achieving both.

  Further, in order to adjust the porosity, it is necessary to mix a plurality of materials that are not necessary for ensuring good friction characteristics, and to mix a plurality of types of fibers as the base material. For this reason, there existed a problem that the manufacturing cost of a brake lining material became high.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. A brake lining material that can suppress noise by increasing the porosity and at the same time secure strength, a manufacturing method thereof, and a brake using the same. The purpose is to obtain a braking part.

The brake braking part according to the present invention is a brake braking part formed by combining a brake lining material made of a plate-like friction material containing fibers and powder and having pores formed therein and a sintered metal,
The above brake lining material
The length of the fiber is reduced as it proceeds in a predetermined depth direction from a plate surface used as a braking surface of the friction material,
The particle size of the powder becomes smaller as it advances in the depth direction from the plate surface of the friction material,
The sound propagation path passing through the holes is connected in the depth direction,
As it progresses in a predetermined depth direction from the plate surface of the friction material, it has a structure in which the porosity of the holes is reduced,
The sintered metal is
Having a minimum porosity of pores in the brake lining material and pores having an average diameter or less,
The holes in the brake lining material and the holes in the sintered metal are interconnected at the interface between the brake lining material and the sintered metal.

  According to the present invention, the porosity at the braking surface is increased, and the porosity is decreased as it advances in the depth direction from the braking surface, so that the strength of the brake lining material is increased and the braking surface is It is possible to suppress squeal that occurs due to stick-slip or the like.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a brake lining structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The brake lining material 1 includes a friction material 2 having fibers, friction adjusting materials, fillers, binders and the like serving as a base material and having pores 3 formed therein. In FIG. 1, the holes 3 in the friction material 2 are schematically indicated by circles.

  For example, glass fiber, steel fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, potassium titanate or the like is used as the fiber. The fiber is for adjusting the porosity of the pores 3 expressed in Vol% and the average diameter of the pores 3.

  As the friction modifier, cashew dust, rubber dust, copper, zinc, alumina, zirconia, or the like is used. The friction adjusting material is for adjusting the friction coefficient of the friction material 2.

  As the filler, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, tin sulfide and the like are used. The filler is for adjusting the density of the friction material 2.

  As the binder, phenol resin, melanin resin, polyimide, or the like is used. The binder is for bonding between the fiber, the friction modifier and the filler.

  In the brake lining material 1, the porosity of the air holes 3 in the friction material 2 decreases as the depth from the plate surface used as the braking surface 11 increases. Thus, by changing the porosity in the depth direction, the strength of the brake lining material 1 as a whole (strength against the shearing force that acts when the lining pad is pressed) can be increased, and durability is improved. be able to.

  Further, for example, when the ambient humidity changes and the brake lining material 1 and the lining pad cause stick-slip and squeal is generated, the sound generated on the braking surface 11 is caused by the holes 3 in the brake lining material 1. Although it penetrates, the porosity is small in the depth direction, and the sound propagation path is not a straight line but a complicated path connected in the depth direction, so it goes in the depth direction Sound becomes difficult to propagate. Thus, noise can be suppressed by preventing sound from passing through the brake lining material 1. Further, moisture or the like adhering to the braking surface 11 is easily absorbed by the brake lining material 1.

  Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which the porosity of the holes 3 is changed in the entire depth direction of the friction material 2, the holes 3 are within a predetermined depth from the braking surface 11 of the friction material 2. By changing the porosity, the strength of the brake lining material 1 as a whole can be increased, and the effect of suppressing noise due to squeal can be increased.

  Further, the average diameter of the air holes 3 is configured to be large on the braking surface 11 side and small in the depth direction from the braking surface 11 side. Thus, by increasing the average diameter of the holes 3 on the braking surface 11 side, the effect of suppressing noise due to squeal becomes greater.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, even if the oil 5 enters between the lining pad 4 and the braking surface 11 of the brake lining material 1 for some reason, the average diameter of the holes 3 is reduced from the braking surface 11 to the depth. The oil 5 captured by the large-diameter holes 3 in the vicinity of the braking surface 11 side is made smaller as it advances in the direction, and the capillary phenomenon of the holes 3 has a smaller average diameter as it advances in the depth direction. Is more efficiently drawn in the depth direction. In this way, by changing the average diameter of the holes 3, oil, moisture, and the like that degrade the friction characteristics of the friction material 2 can be more efficiently removed from the braking surface 11, and power consumption can be suppressed.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a brake braking unit using the brake lining material 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
As a method for effectively incorporating the brake lining material 1 shown in FIG. 1 into the brake braking unit, as shown in FIG. 3, the brake lining material 1 is supported by the sintered material 6 to further suppress noise. The effect of absorbing oil and moisture can be improved. The sintered material 6 is set to be equal to or smaller than the minimum porosity and average diameter of the pores 3 in the brake lining material 1. As the sintered material 6, both copper-based and iron-based sintered materials 6 can be used. Further, the brake lining material 1 and the sintered material 6 are connected to each other at their interfaces. As a method for supporting the brake lining material 1 on the sintered material 6, for example, a hole is formed in the brake lining material 1, a screw hole is formed in the sintered material 6 and fixed with screws, or the sintered material 6 The brake lining material 1 is directly heat-formed on the top.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the strength of the brake lining material 1 as a whole (strength against the shearing force that acts when the lining pad is pressed) can be increased. In addition, squealing can be suppressed, oil and moisture can be captured, and the reliability of the brake can be improved.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the porosity and the diameter of the holes 3 are changed in three stages, but the same effect can be obtained even in two stages or four or more stages. Further, changing the porosity also changes the density or specific gravity of the brake lining material 1, but even if the density or specific gravity is changed in the depth direction, the same effect can be obtained without any problem.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the relationship between fibers and holes in the brake lining material shown in the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the brake lining material 1 shown in the first embodiment advances the length of the fiber 7 serving as the base material in the friction material 2 in the depth direction from the braking surface 11 side. It can be obtained by changing according to In the friction material 2 of FIG. 4A, the fiber length on the braking surface 11 side is increased, and the fiber length is gradually shortened as it advances in the depth direction.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (b), if the fiber 7 serving as the base material is long, the strength of the fiber 7 is high when molded by applying pressure. It becomes easy to produce the gap which becomes, and it becomes a gap of a big diameter. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4C, when the fibers 7 are short, the fibers 7 are closely entangled with each other, and the gaps between the fibers 7 are not easily formed, and the gaps are small in diameter. Therefore, the porosity is increased on the braking surface 11 side by increasing the length of the fiber 7 on the braking surface 11 side and gradually decreasing the length of the fiber 7 as it proceeds in the depth direction. At the same time, the average diameter of the holes 3 can be increased, and the porosity and the average diameter of the holes 3 can be gradually decreased in the depth direction.

  As described above, in the brake lining material 1 shown in FIG. 4, in order to gradually change the porosity and the average diameter of the holes 3 as the depth of the friction material 2 increases, Since it is not necessary to use a special material only by changing the length of 7, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the brake lining material 1 having good friction characteristics can be obtained.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the brake lining material 1 shown in FIG.
First, as shown in FIG. 5A, a predetermined amount of a mixing material obtained by mixing long fibers 7 and other base materials is put into the die 8. Usually, the die 8 is heated to a predetermined temperature. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the charged mixing material is pressed by a punch 9 with a predetermined load and molded. Next, as shown in FIG.5 (c), the mixing material which mixed the fiber 7 shorter than the fiber 7 used in Fig.5 (a) and other base materials is mixed on the mixing material shape | molded previously. Then, as shown in FIG. 5 (d), the punch 9 is pressed to form. Thus, the brake lining material 1 in which the porosity has changed in the depth direction can be obtained by forming a plurality of mixing materials mixed with other base materials while changing the length of the fibers 7. . In FIG. 5, the mixing material in which the long fibers 7 are mixed is input first, but the mixing material in which the short fibers 7 are mixed may be input first.

  As described above, according to the manufacturing method shown in the third embodiment, the conventional manufacturing equipment is prepared by individually preparing the mixing materials obtained by mixing the fibers 7 having different lengths with other base materials. Can be used as they are, so that no capital investment is required, and the highly reliable brake lining material 1 can be manufactured at a low cost.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a brake lining material according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
In the said Embodiment 2 and 3, although the example which changes the length of the fiber 7 which is a base material and comprises the brake lining material 1 was shown, as shown in FIG. By changing the content rate, the porosity in the friction material 2 can be changed as it advances in the depth direction.

  When fibers 7 of a certain length are used, as in the case described in Embodiment 3, if the content of fibers 7 is large, the overlapping region of fibers 7 increases, and the number of overlapping points increases. The gap which becomes the void | hole 3 between 7 increases, and the porosity and the average diameter of the void | hole 3 can be enlarged.

  According to the fourth embodiment, the porosity in the friction material 2 is advanced in the depth direction by using the fibers 7 having a certain length and changing the content rate as the depth increases. Therefore, the brake lining material 1 can be changed, and the friction characteristics are good, the reliability is high, and the cost is low.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a brake lining material according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 7, by changing the thickness of the fiber 7 in the depth direction, the brake lining material 1 having the porosity and the average diameter of the holes 3 that are different from the braking surface 11 in the depth direction. Obtainable.

  As shown in FIG. 7 (b), when the fiber 7 is thick, the strength of the fiber 7 is increased, so that a large gap is formed between the fibers 7 when the fiber 7 is molded with a predetermined load. . On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7C, when the fiber 7 is thin, the strength of the fiber 7 is weak, so that the fiber 7 is easily deformed, and the gap between the fibers 7 that forms the holes 3 is small. Become.

  Thus, by using the fibers 7 having different thicknesses, the brake lining material 1 in which the porosity and the average diameter of the holes 3 are changed in the depth direction can be obtained.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
In Embodiments 2 to 5, the example of changing the size of the fiber 7 as the base material or the density of the fiber 7 in the friction material 2 to change the porosity and the average diameter of the holes is shown. The brake lining material 1 having a different porosity in the depth direction can be obtained by changing the particle size of the friction adjusting material or the filler in the friction material 2.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a brake lining material according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 8A, the particle size of the powder 10 such as the friction adjusting material or the filler in the friction material 2 is increased on the braking surface 11 side, and is decreased as it advances in the depth direction.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, when the powder 10 is large, when the fiber 7 is entangled with the fiber 7, the fiber 7 cannot cover the entire powder 10, so that a large gap that becomes the void 3 is likely to occur. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8C, when the powder 10 is small, the fiber 7 surrounds the powder 10, and the gap that becomes the hole 3 becomes small.

  Thus, by changing the particle size of the powder 10 in the friction material 2, it is possible to obtain the brake lining material 1 in which the porosity and the diameter of the holes change in the depth direction.

  Moreover, since it is not necessary to change the kind of the base material in the friction material 2, the brake lining material 1 with high reliability can be obtained at low cost.

  In the first to sixth embodiments, examples in which the length, thickness, and content of the fibers 7 serving as the base material are changed and examples in which the particle size of the powder 10 serving as the base material is changed are shown. However, by changing them in combination, the porosity in the depth direction and the average diameter of the airport can be adjusted.

  The brake lining material of the present invention can be effectively used for a brake braking portion of various hoisting machine brake devices.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the cross section of the brake lining material by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram explaining the effect | action of the brake lining material by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the brake braking part using the brake lining material 1 by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the cross section of the rubber brake lining material by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the manufacturing process of the brake lining material by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the cross section of the brake lining material by Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the cross section of the brake lining material by Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the cross section of the brake lining material by Embodiment 6 of this invention.

1 Brake lining structure, 2 friction material, 3 holes, 4 brake pads,
5 oil, 6 sintered material, 7 fibers, 8 dies, 9 punches, 10 powders, 11 braking surfaces.

Claims (1)

In a brake braking part formed by combining a brake lining material made of a plate-like friction material containing fibers and powder and having pores formed therein and a sintered metal,
The above brake lining material
The length of the fiber is reduced as it proceeds in a predetermined depth direction from a plate surface used as a braking surface of the friction material,
The particle size of the powder becomes smaller as it advances in the depth direction from the plate surface of the friction material,
The sound propagation path passing through the holes is connected in the depth direction,
As it progresses in a predetermined depth direction from the plate surface of the friction material, it has a structure in which the porosity of the holes is reduced,
The sintered metal is
Having a minimum porosity of pores in the brake lining material and pores having an average diameter or less,
The brake braking part, wherein a hole in the brake lining material and a hole in the sintered metal are connected to each other at an interface between the brake lining material and the sintered metal.

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