JP5037029B2 - Plate-shaped building material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building construction material used for interior partition materials, wall materials, flooring materials, ceiling materials, doors and other building materials used indoors in buildings, and particularly exhibits heat insulation, deodorization and moisture absorption and desorption. It relates to a plate-shaped building material to be obtained.

In buildings, plate-like building materials used for partition boards, wall materials, flooring materials, ceiling materials, doors and other building materials are required to have heat insulation, deodorization and moisture absorption and desorption, so that these functions can be demonstrated. Various building boards have been developed and some of them have been put into practical use.
Conventionally, this type of plate-shaped building material forms a hollow core having a large number of spaces such as a honeycomb made of a material such as synthetic resin or cardboard, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-62014. A surface material having air permeability is bonded to both the front and back surfaces of the hollow core, and granular or powdered activated carbon is filled in each space of the hollow core closed by the both surface materials.

In such a plate-shaped building material, the activated carbon filled in the honeycomb-shaped space of the hollow core exerts a hygroscopic effect when the humidity is high, and conversely, when the humidity is low, the hygroscopic effect is exerted to adjust the humidity. Functions as a moisture absorbing / releasing material. In addition to the moisture absorption / release function described above, the activated carbon exhibits a deodorizing function for absorbing harmful gases such as formaldehyde and ammonia gas, and also exhibits a heat insulating function.
There is also an invention proposed by the present applicant in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-129702 (Patent No. 3648682).
That is, the present invention relates to a rectangular or square frame formed by combining vertical members and cross members, a front and back plates fixed to both surfaces of the frame, and ventilation on the inner surface side of the front and back plates. And a plurality of small holes penetrating the front and back plates, respectively, in the space formed by the frame and the front and back plates. A plurality of sections divided into a plurality of vertical and horizontal sections by at least one vertical bar disposed between the horizontal members and a plurality of horizontal bars disposed at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vertical member between the vertical members of the frame body A plate formed by filling a carbon-based material made of carbon-based small pieces or powders such as charcoal and activated carbon into a polypropylene resin-based non-woven fabric having air permeability, and filling the space of each partition It is a building material.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-62014) JP 2002-129702 A

By the way, the activated carbon with which each space of the hollow core of the plate-shaped building material described above is in the form of granules or powder from the viewpoint of improving its deodorization and moisture absorption / release performance.
For this reason, in the method of directly filling the hollow core space with granular or powdered activated carbon as in the case of conventional plate-shaped building materials, a part of the activated carbon is hollow core during the filling operation of the activated carbon into the space. There is a problem that it is scattered outside the space part of the wall and deteriorates the production work environment of the plate-shaped building material.

In addition, it is impossible to fill activated carbon with a uniform density in a relatively small space such as a honeycomb structure. In most cases, the packing density of activated carbon in each space is generally uneven. It is. Moreover, the conventional filling operation of the activated carbon into the space is complicated and large, and there is a problem that it takes much time to fill the activated carbon in the space and the cost is increased.

  Moreover, since the activated carbon directly filled in the hollow core space is easy to flow, if there is insufficient filling of activated carbon in the hollow core space, the activated carbon in this space gravity settles, generating a gap in the space. However, there has been a problem that the heat insulation performance, deodorization performance and moisture absorption / release performance of the plate-shaped building material are deteriorated.

  Furthermore, a plurality of sections are formed in the space formed by the frame body, the front surface, and the back plate, and the bag-shaped nonwoven fabric is filled with a carbon-based material made of carbon-based small pieces or powders such as charcoal and activated carbon. Since the plate-shaped building material having a configuration loaded in the space of each partition uses a front surface fixed to both sides of the frame body and a perforated thin plate provided with a plurality of through-holes on the back surface plate. In addition, the drilling operation in the production of the back plate is troublesome, and the front and back plates having a thin plate thickness tend to be used because of the drilling. Therefore, there is a risk that the strength of the front and back plates will be weak in the usage purpose or place of use of the plate-shaped building material.

  The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, and can make the packing density of the porous material in the space portion uniform and facilitate the mounting of the porous material in the space portion. The purpose is to provide a plate-shaped building material with high strength as well as cost reduction of products and improvement of heat insulation, deodorization and moisture absorption and desorption performance.

  Further, according to the present invention, the inside of the frame portion of the frame constituting the plate-shaped building material is divided into a plurality of space portions in the vertical and horizontal directions by the vertical beam and the horizontal beam, and the space part is formed in the communication formed by the vertical beam and the horizontal beam. After the surface plate material is joined through the air-permeable sheet material, the porous material such as nano ceramic carbon coated with zinc sulfate is air permeable in each space portion. A bag-filled porous material sealed and packed in the bag body is laid down and loaded, and finally the adjacent portions of each other are made perpendicular to the longitudinal direction through a sheet material having air permeability on the open surface of the frame body. An object of the present invention is to provide a plate-shaped building material that is excellent in air permeability and strong in strength by joining a plurality of thick plate-shaped plate materials that are arranged in parallel at intervals.

In order to achieve the above object, the plate-shaped building material of the present invention is divided into a frame portion formed by connecting rod-like members in a rectangular shape or a square shape, and a plurality of space portions formed vertically and horizontally inside the frame portion. In the plate-shaped building material, in which the plurality of space portions of the frame having a vertical beam and a horizontal beam to be filled are filled with a carbon-based substance, and the front and back plate members are disposed on the front and back surfaces of the frame. The surface plate material is composed of a plurality of strip-shaped plate materials arranged in parallel perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and a downward stepped portion and an upward stepped portion are formed on the side surfaces in the longitudinal direction of each of the plurality of strip-shaped plate materials, and are adjacent to each other. A back plate material disposed on the back surface of the frame body, and configured such that one downward stepped portion and the other upward stepped portion of each of the opposed strip-shaped plate materials are arranged side by side at a predetermined interval, , Each space portion of the frame body surrounded by the back plate material, Wherein the in is composed of a porous material body filled in a bag body having an air permeability which is formed in a shape corresponding to the size.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the plate-shaped building material according to the first aspect, a sheet material having air permeability is interposed between the joining surfaces of the frame body and the surface plate material.

The invention according to claim 3 is the plate-like building material according to claim 1 , wherein the porous material is a carbon-based material composed of carbon-based granules or powders such as charcoal and activated carbon.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the plate-shaped building material according to the second aspect, the porous material is nanoceramic carbon coated with zinc sulfate.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the plate-shaped building material according to the first aspect, the rear plate member disposed on the rear surface of the frame body is provided with ventilation holes in the entire area, and the frame member is provided with a breathable sheet material. It is characterized by being joined.

  According to the plate-shaped building material according to the present invention, since the porous material in a packed state is laid in each space portion of the frame body surrounded by the front and back plate materials, the porous material is filled in the space portion. The density can be made uniform, the porous material can be easily installed in the space, the cost of the product can be reduced, and the heat insulation, deodorization and moisture absorption / release performance can be improved. By using nano ceramic carbon coated with zinc sulfate as a substance, the heat insulation, deodorization and moisture absorption / desorption performance of the plate-shaped building material can be further improved.

Further, by providing a surface plate made of a plurality of thick strip-shaped plate members arranged side by side perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval on the surface side of the frame portion, It is possible to provide a plate-shaped building material in which air permeability to the porous material can be easily secured and the strength of the surface plate material is strong.

Furthermore, since the surface plate material composed of the belt-like plate material is used side by side, it can be used by processing short and short width materials such as thinned wood without using a wide plate material. It is possible to provide a high-strength plate-shaped building material while reducing costs and improving heat insulation, deodorization, and moisture absorption / release performance.

  The best mode of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a plate-shaped building material in the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the plate-shaped building material in the second embodiment of the present invention. 4 and 4 are exploded perspective views of the plate-shaped building material in the second embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, the plate-shaped building material 10 includes a frame 11, a front surface of the frame 11, a front surface disposed on the back surface, back surface plate materials 12, 13, a bag-filled porous material body 14, and a pair of sheets. Materials 15 and 16 are provided.
As shown in FIG. 1, the frame body 11 includes a frame portion 111 formed by connecting a pair of long vertical bar members 11a and a pair of short horizontal bar members 11b in a rectangular shape (or a square shape), The frame 111 includes a plurality of vertical rails 113a and a plurality of horizontal rails 113b that divide the inside of the frame 111 so that a plurality of space portions 112 are formed vertically and horizontally.
The frame 11 has, for example, a size of 1800 mm × 900 mm in the length direction and the width direction, and the vertical bars 113a are provided at intervals of 150 mm in the short direction of the frame 11, and the horizontal bars 113b Are provided at intervals of 230 mm in the longitudinal direction of the frame 11.

The front and back plate members 12 and 13 are joined to both surfaces of the frame 11 by an adhesive or the like via sheet members 15 and 16, respectively.
The surface plate 12 is obtained by cutting, for example, a strip-like plate 12a having a width of 10 to 20 mm and a length of 75 to 900 mm from a short or short material such as oak, taro, cedar or cypress. The adjacent opposing surfaces that are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval. A downward stepped portion 12b and an upward stepped portion 12c are formed on the side surfaces of the strip-shaped plate members 12a and 12a arranged side by side, and a predetermined gap H is provided so that the side surfaces of the adjacent strip-shaped plate members 12a are not tightly bonded to each other. By adhering to the frame 11 with an interval (for example, 3 to 8 mm, preferably 5 mm), the space inside the frame and the outside air communicate with each other through the gap H.

The back plate 13 is composed of a plywood, a single plate laminated plate, a fiber plate, a melamine plate or a steel plate, an aluminum plate, a slate plate, an acrylic plate, and the like, and a large number of air holes 13a are formed in the entire area of the back plate 13. ing.
Moreover, the said sheet materials 15 and 16 are comprised from the nonwoven fabric which has air permeability, such as a polypropylene.

The bag-filled porous material body 14 is spread so that the space portion 112 is filled in each space portion 112 of the frame body 11 surrounded by the front and back plate materials 12 and 13. Is capable of exhibiting a heat insulating function, a deodorizing function, and a moisture absorbing / releasing function.
Such a bag-filled porous material body 14 includes a bag body 141 made of polypropylene or the like, which has a shape corresponding to the size of the space portion 112, for example, a size of 150 mm × 250 mm, and the bag. It comprises a desired amount of porous material 142 filled in the body 141.
For the porous material 142, nano ceramic carbon coated with zinc sulfate is used.

Next, the manufacturing method of the plate-shaped building material 10 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated.
First, manufacture of the bag-packed porous material body 14 will be described.
In manufacturing the bag-filled porous material body 14, first, 500 g of industrial zinc sulfate (white powder) is dissolved in 2.8 liters of warm water to produce a coating treatment liquid.
Next, this zinc sulfate aqueous solution (concentration adjusted) is heated to about 50 ° C. (50 ± 5 ° C.), and the porous material packed in the bag for coating treatment, that is, nanoceramic carbon is immersed in this aqueous solution. To do. At the time of this immersion, the liquid level of the aqueous solution is maintained at about 10 cm from the upper surface of the nanoceramic carbon packed in a bag. Then, sometimes the aqueous solution is gently agitated to evacuate the air, and the temperature is kept at the set temperature and immersed for about 60 minutes.
Next, after lifting the nanoceramic carbon together with the coating treatment bag from the zinc sulfate aqueous solution, the nanoceramic carbon is taken out from the coating treatment bag and spread thinly and evenly on a wire mesh of about 20 mesh. I do. Thereafter, it is dried for about 4 hours in a drying oven at 80 ± 10 ° C. The nanoceramic carbon after drying is stored and managed in a predetermined storage container.

  When packing coated nanoceramic carbon, first, a bag body 141 having a size of 150 mm × 250 mm made of a polypropylene non-woven fabric that has air permeability and is not impregnated is prepared. About 65 g of nano ceramic carbon 142 is put in the body 141, and the opening of the bag body 141 is double-folded and sealed. The finished size at this time is about 150 mm × 230 mm.

Next, the case where the plate-shaped building material 10 is manufactured using the nano-ceramic carbon 142 packed in the bag will be described with reference to FIG.
In this case, first, as shown in FIG. 1, the back plate 13 is fixed with an adhesive by interposing a breathable sheet on the back side of the frame 11, and then the bag-packed nanoceramic carbon 142 is attached. After putting in each space part 112 of the frame 11, the bag-packed nanoceramic carbon 142 is lightly pressed by hand or the like from its upper surface, and the upper surface of the bag-packed nanoceramic carbon 142 is corrected to be flat. Thereafter, the sheet material 15 is attached to the surface side of the frame body 11. Thereafter, the belt-like plate material 12a having the downward stepped portion 12a and the upward stepped portion 12b formed on the side surfaces of the short and short width materials, respectively, has a predetermined gap H interval so that the side surfaces of the adjacent belt-like plate materials 12a are not closely bonded to each other. , And fixed to the front surface side of the frame portion so as to be orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.

Next, 10 pieces of semi-finished products in which the front and back plate members 12 and 13 are superposed on both surfaces of the frame body 11 as described above, and the bag-packed nanoceramic carbon 14 is laid in each space 112 of the frame body 11. Overlap and set in a cold press machine, and press with a pressure of 5 kg / cm ² for about 4 hours. The room temperature at this time is 15 ° C. or higher. Thereby, the plate-shaped building material 10 can be manufactured.

According to such a plate-like building material 10 shown in the first embodiment, the inside of the frame portion 111 of the frame 11 is partitioned into a plurality of space portions 112 vertically and horizontally by a plurality of vertical bars 113a and a plurality of horizontal bars 113b. Further, nano ceramic carbon 142 coated with zinc sulfate is packed in a breathable bag 141 and sealed in each space 112 after joining the surface plates 12 and 13 to both sides of the frame 11. Since the bag-filled porous material body 14 is spread, the packing density of the nanoceramic carbon 142, which is a porous material, in the space 112 can be made uniform and the nanoceramic carbon 142 can be easily mounted in the space 112. Moreover, since the nanoceramic carbon 142 is packed, the nanoceramic carbon 142 is scattered outside the space 112. , It is possible to eliminate the problem of deteriorating the manufacturing work environment of the plate-shaped building materials 10, allowing cost reduction of the product.
And, by using nanoceramic carbon coated with zinc sulfate on the porous material in the bag, the heat insulation, deodorization and moisture absorption / release performance of the plate-like building material 10 can be further improved, and the deodorization effect also lasts for a long time. Can be made.

Such a deodorizing effect is achieved by coating nanoceramic carbon having a void surface area three times as large as that of carbon-based materials such as activated carbon with zinc sulfate, in addition to physical adsorption on the nanoceramic carbon itself. It is because it can also demonstrate. Further, moisture absorption / release is repeatedly performed at a room temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 55% as a branch point.
Further, by using nanoceramic carbon as the porous material, the plate-shaped building material 10 can have an electromagnetic wave shielding effect and can exhibit a far-infrared effect.

  In addition, the plate-shaped building material 10 having a structure in which the bag-filled porous material body 14 is laid in each space 112 of the frame 11 is used as a partition plate, a wall material, a floor material, a ceiling material, or a fitting material such as a door. As a result, these products themselves can have the effects of heat insulation, deodorization and moisture absorption and desorption.

Needless to say, the surface plate member 12 and the frame portion 111 can be fixed by screws.
The porous material to be packed is not limited to nanoceramic carbon, but may be a carbon-based material made of carbon-based granules or powders such as charcoal and activated carbon.

    3 and 4 show a second embodiment of the plate-shaped building material 10 of the present invention, which is substantially the same as the first embodiment described above, but the inside of the frame portion 111 in the frame 11 is vertically and horizontally. The space portion 112 is also increased by arranging a plurality of partitioning vertical bars 113a and a plurality of horizontal bars 113b, and the vertical bars 113a and the plurality of horizontal bars 113b are notched to communicate with each other. 123a is formed and is different from the above-described embodiment in that ventilation is possible between adjacent spaces. In the second embodiment, a sheet material 15 is interposed between the surface plate member 12 and the frame member 11 constituted by a plurality of strip-like plate members disposed on the surface side of the frame member 11. Since the back plate 13 fixed to the back side of the plate uses a plain material having no vent holes formed on the entire surface, the sheet material 16 is omitted.

Also in the second embodiment, the surface plate 12 is obtained by cutting a short / short width material into a strip-like strip-like plate material 12a, and is separated from the longitudinal direction of the frame 11 at a predetermined interval. Are fixed in parallel. A downwardly inclined portion 12d and an upwardly inclined portion 12e are formed on the side surfaces of the strip-shaped plate material 12a, respectively, and are fixed to the frame body 11 via a gap H so that the side surfaces of the adjacent strip-shaped plate materials 12a are not joined to each other. As a result, the space inside the frame and the outside air communicate with each other.

Further, a plurality of communicating portions 123a are formed in the vertical beam 113a and the horizontal beam 113b by notches for ventilating the space portions 112 at upper and lower staggered positions spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval.
In addition, although the communication part 123a formed the communication part by the notch in the vertical beam 113a and the horizontal beam 113b, a plurality of through holes may be provided by a drill or the like to allow the space parts 112 to be ventilated. Of course.

  According to the plate-shaped building material 10 according to the present invention, each space portion of the frame body surrounded by the front and back plate materials can be vented to each other by the communication portions formed in the vertical beam and the horizontal beam of the frame body, In addition, since each space part is filled with a porous material in a packed state, the packing density of the porous material in the space part can be made uniform and the porous material can be easily installed in the space part. The cost can be reduced and the heat insulation, deodorization and moisture absorption / release performance can be improved, and the deodorization effect is exerted especially on all toxic gases such as life odor and formaldehyde, toluene and xylene.

Furthermore, the use of nanoceramic carbon coated with zinc sulfate for the porous material to be packed can further improve the heat insulation, deodorization and moisture absorption / desorption performance of the plate-shaped building materials, especially ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. It exerts a deodorizing effect on the odor of such low molecular weight polar substances, and is effective for the deodorizing action of nursing homes, toilets, toilets and animal odors.

It is a disassembled perspective view of the plate-shaped building material in Example 1 of this invention. 1 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. The perspective view of the bagging porous substance body in 2nd Example of this invention, The whole perspective view which shows the assembly | attachment completion product of the plate-shaped building material in 2nd Example of this invention,

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Plate-shaped building material 11 Frame body 111 Frame part 111a Vertical bar-shaped member 111b Horizontal bar-shaped member 112 Space part 113a Vertical beam 113b Horizontal beam 123a, 123b Communication part 12, 13 Table, Back surface plate material 14 Bag-packed porous substance body 141 Bag body 142 Porous material (nano ceramic carbon)
15.16 Sheet material

Claims (5)

Wherein the plurality of spaces of the frame having a compartment for the vertical bar and rungs so that a plurality of space inside the vertical and horizontal frame portion and the frame portion formed by connecting a rod-like member in a rectangular shape or a square shape is formed In the plate-shaped building material in which the carbon material is filled in the part and the front and back plate materials are arranged on the front and back surfaces of the frame body, the front surface plate materials of the frame body are arranged in parallel to be orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. Each of the plurality of strip-shaped plate members is formed with a strip-shaped plate member, and a downward stepped portion and an upward stepped portion are respectively formed on the side surfaces in the longitudinal direction of each of the plurality of strip-shaped plate members. Each space portion of the frame body that is configured by arranging the stepped portions apart from each other at a predetermined interval, and surrounded by the back plate member disposed on the back surface of the frame member, and the front and back plate members. In addition, the air permeability formed into a shape corresponding to the size of the space portion Plate building material, characterized in that it is composed of a filled bag body to the porous material body. Plate construction material according to claim 1, wherein the sheet material having air permeability in the junction surface between the surface plate and the frame is characterized in that it is interposed. The porous material, charcoal, plate-shaped building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the carbon-based material comprising a carbon-based granules or powders such as activated carbon. The porous material is plate-shaped building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the nano ceramic carbon coated treated with zinc sulfate. The plate-shaped building material according to claim 1, wherein the back plate material disposed on the back surface of the frame body is provided with vent holes in the entire region and joined to the frame body through a sheet material having air permeability. .