JP5020888B2 - Soundproof material - Google Patents
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- JP5020888B2 JP5020888B2 JP2008129347A JP2008129347A JP5020888B2 JP 5020888 B2 JP5020888 B2 JP 5020888B2 JP 2008129347 A JP2008129347 A JP 2008129347A JP 2008129347 A JP2008129347 A JP 2008129347A JP 5020888 B2 JP5020888 B2 JP 5020888B2
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Description
本発明は、建築物の床・壁・天井に施工される防音材料に関する。 The present invention relates to a soundproof material to be constructed on a floor, wall, or ceiling of a building.
従来の防音材料としては、ポリエステル等の合成繊維をニードルパンチ処理した繊維系の防音材料(例えば特許文献1参照)や、ポリウレタンフォーム等の発泡樹脂系の防音材料(例えば特許文献2参照)などが知られている。これらの防音材料は、いずれも石油系の原料から製造されるものであるから、使用後は産業廃棄物となり、環境に負荷を与えるとともに、原料も海外に依存してしまう問題があった。
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、従来のこれらの問題点を解消し、国内で排出される籾殻や鋸屑をリサイクル原料として有効活用でき、しかも使用後は焼却処分できる防音材料を提供することにある。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve these conventional problems, and to provide a soundproof material that can effectively utilize rice husks and sawdust discharged domestically as recycled raw materials and can be incinerated after use. is there.
かかる課題を解決した本発明の構成は、
1) 籾殻と鋸屑とセメントと接着剤を所定の割合で混合するとともに、同接着剤には水に籾殻を投入して煮沸して得た籾殻抽出液と昆布の茎の粉末を水に溶解して得た昆布液とを混入したものを使用した、防音材料
2) 籾殻と鋸屑と接着剤の混合割合を容積比で0.5〜1.5:2.5〜3.5:0.5〜1.5とし、セメントを籾殻100容積%に対して5〜10容積%混合した、前記1)記載の防音材料
3) 籾殻抽出液が100容積%の水に対して籾殻を20〜30容積%投入して煮沸して得たもので、昆布液が100容積%の水に対して昆布の茎の粉末を10〜20容積%投入して溶解して得たもので、接着剤と籾殻抽出液と昆布液の混合割合を0.5〜1.5:1.5〜2.5:1.5〜2.5とした、前記1)又は2)記載の防音材料
4) 接着剤が、エチレン酢酸ビニル系エマルジョン・アクリル系エマルジョン又はスチレン・ブタジエン・ラバーのいずれかである、前記1)〜3)いずれか記載の防音材料
にある。
The configuration of the present invention that solves this problem is as follows.
1) Rice husk, sawdust, cement, and adhesive are mixed at a specified ratio, and the rice husk extract and kelp stalk powder obtained by boiling rice husk into water are dissolved in water. Soundproofing material using the mixture of kelp liquid obtained in the above 2) Mixing ratio of rice husk, sawdust and adhesive in volume ratio of 0.5-1.5: 2.5-3.5: 0.5 The soundproofing material according to 1) above, wherein cement is mixed in an amount of 5 to 10% by volume with respect to 100% by volume of rice husk 3) 20 to 30 volumes of rice husk with respect to 100% by volume of water. It was obtained by boiling and pouring the kelp solution into 10 to 20% by volume of kelp stem powder in 100% by volume of water. the mixing ratio of the liquid and kelp liquid 0.5-1.5: 1.5-2.5: 1.5-2.5 and the said 1) or 2) anti-described Materials 4) adhesive, is either ethylene vinyl acetate-based emulsion, acrylic emulsion or styrene-butadiene rubber, the 1) to 3) in soundproofing material according to any one.
本発明の防音材料を建築物の床・壁・天井の施工面に所定厚さに吹き付けると、接着剤により原料が施工面に付着し、セメントにより所定厚さの層の状態で固化し、籾殻と鋸屑間の空隙及び籾殻内の空隙に音が吸収されて減衰することで防音性が発現する。このように、国内で排出される籾殻や鋸屑をリサイクル原料として利用して防音材料を製造でき、資源の有効活用ができ、原料を海外に依存しない。また、原料はほとんどが天然素材であるから、使用後は焼却処分でき、環境に与える負荷を軽減できる。 When the soundproofing material of the present invention is sprayed to the construction surface of the floor, wall, or ceiling of the building to a predetermined thickness, the raw material adheres to the construction surface by the adhesive, and solidifies in the state of the layer of the predetermined thickness by cement. Sound absorption is achieved by absorbing and attenuating sound in the gap between the sawdust and the gap in the rice husk. In this way, it is possible to manufacture soundproof materials using rice husks and sawdust that are discharged domestically as recycled raw materials, making effective use of resources, and the raw materials do not depend on foreign countries. Moreover, since most of the raw materials are natural materials, they can be incinerated after use, reducing the burden on the environment.
本発明の籾殻と鋸屑は、施工面に所定厚さの防音層を形成するための主原料である。籾殻は内部に空隙に有しており、この空隙に音が吸収されて減衰することで防音性を発現する。籾殻は大きさが6〜7mmのものを使用するが、2〜4mmの大きさのものが混入してもよい。 The chaff and sawdust of the present invention are main raw materials for forming a soundproof layer having a predetermined thickness on the construction surface. The rice husk has a space inside, and sound is absorbed by sound absorption and attenuation in the space. A rice husk having a size of 6 to 7 mm is used, but a rice husk having a size of 2 to 4 mm may be mixed.
籾殻のみでは施工面への付着性が低下するから、鋸屑を付着性改善のために混入する。鋸屑は大きさが0.5〜2mmとなるように細かく破砕するが、3〜4mmの大きさのものが混入してもよい。鋸屑は過剰に混合すると籾殻の量が相対的に不足して防音性が低下する。この鋸屑の混入により籾殻と鋸屑間にも空隙が形成され、防音性を高める。 Since rice husk alone reduces the adhesion to the construction surface, sawdust is mixed to improve adhesion. The sawdust is finely crushed so as to have a size of 0.5 to 2 mm, but a size of 3 to 4 mm may be mixed. If the sawdust is mixed excessively, the amount of rice husk is relatively insufficient and the soundproofing performance is lowered. By mixing the sawdust, a gap is also formed between the rice husk and the sawdust, thereby improving soundproofing.
セメントは施工面に吹き付けた原料を所定厚さの層の状態で固化させるためのものである。セメントとしてはポルトランドセメント等の一般的なものが用いられ、これを100容積%の籾殻に対して5〜10容積%混合する。セメントの量が不足すると層が脆くなって剥落し易くなり、過剰に混合すると籾殻内の空隙に充填され易くなって防音性が低下する。 The cement is for solidifying the raw material sprayed on the construction surface in a state of a layer having a predetermined thickness. A common cement such as Portland cement is used as the cement, and this is mixed in an amount of 5 to 10% by volume with respect to 100% by volume of rice husk. When the amount of cement is insufficient, the layer becomes brittle and easily peels off, and when mixed excessively, the space in the rice husk is easily filled and the soundproofing property is lowered.
接着剤は原料を施工面に付着させるためのものである。接着剤としてはエチレン酢酸ビニル系エマルジョン・アクリル系エマルジョン又はスチレン・ブタジエン・ラバー(SBR)から選ばれ、水で希釈して使用する。接着剤:水の混合割合は容積比で1:3〜1:4が実用的で、接着剤の量が不足すると施工面への付着性が低下し、多いと粘度が高くなって吹き付けが困難となる。施工面が付着し難い平滑な場合は接着剤の量をやや多めに混合するとよく、施工面の状態に応じて増減する。 The adhesive is for attaching the raw material to the construction surface. The adhesive is selected from ethylene vinyl acetate emulsion / acrylic emulsion or styrene / butadiene rubber (SBR) and diluted with water. The mixing ratio of adhesive: water is practically 1: 3 to 1: 4 by volume. Adhesion to the construction surface decreases when the amount of the adhesive is insufficient, and if it is too large, the viscosity increases and spraying is difficult. It becomes. When the construction surface is difficult to adhere to, it is better to mix a little more amount of the adhesive, and it increases or decreases depending on the state of the construction surface.
籾殻と鋸屑は火災時に燃焼し易いから、難燃性を有する籾殻抽出液と昆布液を接着剤の希釈水として前記の水に代えて使用してもよい。籾殻抽出液は、籾殻を予め細かく粉砕して成分を抽出させ易くし、これを100容積%の水に対して20〜30容積%投入し、所定時間煮沸して抽出する。 Since rice husks and sawdust are easy to burn in the event of a fire, a rice husk extract and a kelp liquid having flame retardancy may be used in place of the above water as dilution water for the adhesive. The rice husk extract is preliminarily pulverized into rice husks so that the components can be easily extracted. The rice husk extract is poured by adding 20 to 30% by volume with respect to 100% by volume of water and boiled for a predetermined time for extraction.
昆布液は、マコンブ・オニコンブ・リシリコンブ・ミツイシコンブ・ナガコンブ・ホソメコンブ等のコンブ属に属するものを用い、収穫されたもののうち商品価値を有さないか又は食用に使用しない茎の部分を乾燥させて粉末にし、これを100容積%の水に対して10〜20容積%投入して溶解させる。接着剤と籾殻抽出液と昆布液との混合割合は容積比で0.5〜1.5:1.5〜2.5:1.5〜2.5が実用的である。 The kelp liquid is a powder that belongs to the genus of the kombu, such as macomb, oni-comb, resilib, mitsuishi-comb, nagacombu, hosome-comb, etc. This is dissolved by adding 10 to 20% by volume with respect to 100% by volume of water. The mixing ratio of the adhesive, rice husk extract, and kelp liquid is practically 0.5 to 1.5: 1.5 to 2.5: 1.5 to 2.5 in volume ratio.
籾殻と鋸屑と接着剤(水、又は籾殻抽出液と昆布液を含む)の混合割合は容積比で0.5〜1.5:2.5〜3.5:0.5〜1.5、セメントは籾殻100容積%に対して5〜10容積%の範囲が実用的であるが、用途(床・壁・天井)や施工面の状態等に応じて若干増減してもよい。なお、教室など施工後に暗く感じる箇所には、防音材料の施工面に白ペンキを厚さ1〜3mmとなるように直接吹き付けてもよい。以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて具体的に説明する。 The mixing ratio of rice husk, sawdust and adhesive (including water or rice husk extract and kelp liquid) is 0.5 to 1.5: 2.5 to 3.5: 0.5 to 1.5 in volume ratio, Cement is practically in the range of 5 to 10% by volume with respect to 100% by volume of rice husk, but may be slightly increased or decreased depending on the application (floor / wall / ceiling) and the state of the construction surface. It should be noted that white paint may be directly sprayed on the construction surface of the soundproofing material so as to have a thickness of 1 to 3 mm at a place that feels dark after construction, such as a classroom. Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
図1及び表1,2に示す実施例は、本発明の防音材料を試験室の内面に吹き付けて防音層を施工し、試験室内で発生させた音を試験室外で計測して騒音レベル(A特性による音圧レベル)を試験した例である。図1は実施例の試験概要図である。図中、1は試験室、1aは扉、2は防音層、3は音源、4はマイクロフォン、5は騒音計、6はレベルレコーダである。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and Tables 1 and 2, the soundproofing material of the present invention is sprayed onto the inner surface of the test chamber to construct a soundproof layer, and the sound generated inside the test chamber is measured outside the test chamber to measure the noise level (A This is an example in which (sound pressure level depending on characteristics) is tested. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test of the example. In the figure, 1 is a test room, 1a is a door, 2 is a soundproof layer, 3 is a sound source, 4 is a microphone, 5 is a sound level meter, and 6 is a level recorder.
本実施例の防音材料の配合割合を以下の表1に示す。接着剤としてアクリル系エマルジョンを用いた。籾殻抽出液は、6Lの水に籾殻を500g投入して煮沸して得たものを用いた。昆布液は、昆布の茎を乾燥して粉末にし、20〜25Lの水に粉末を360g投入して溶解して得たものを用いた。セメントは800g〜1kg用いた。 The blending ratio of the soundproof material of this example is shown in Table 1 below. An acrylic emulsion was used as an adhesive. The rice husk extract used was obtained by boiling 500 g of rice husk in 6 L of water. The kelp solution used was obtained by drying a kelp stalk into a powder and adding 360 g of the powder in 20 to 25 L of water to dissolve it. Cement was used in an amount of 800 g to 1 kg.
図1に示すように、内寸900×900×900mmの試験室1の扉1aを除く内側5面に本実施例の防音材料を吹き付けて約25〜50mm厚の防音層2を施工したものと、比較例として未施工のものを準備した。試験については、試験室1からおよそ30cm離れた位置にマイクロフォン4を設置し、試験室1内で周期的に音を発生させ、騒音計5とレベルレコーダ6の指示値の最大値を読み取った。騒音計5はNL−21(リオン株式会社製)、レベルレコーダ6はLR−20(リオン株式会社製)を用いた。試験結果を以下の表2に示す。
As shown in FIG. 1, the
本実施例の防音材料を施工したものは47dB、未施工のものは55dBの値が計測された。このように、防音材料を施工したものと未施工のものとでは8dBの差が確認され、防音効果があることが認められた。 A value of 47 dB was measured for the soundproof material of this example, and a value of 55 dB was measured for the non-constructed material. Thus, a difference of 8 dB was confirmed between the case where the soundproofing material was applied and the case where the soundproofing material was not applied, and it was recognized that there was a soundproofing effect.
本発明の防音材料の用途としては、駐車場・体育館・教室・一般家庭・事務所・工場・遊技場・店舗・射撃場等の建物の床・壁・天井に利用できる。 The soundproofing material of the present invention can be used for floors, walls, and ceilings of buildings such as parking lots, gymnasiums, classrooms, general households, offices, factories, amusement parks, stores, shooting ranges, and the like.
1 試験室
1a 扉
2 防音層
3 音源
4 マイクロフォン
5 騒音計
6 レベルレコーダ
1
Claims (4)
The soundproof material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adhesive is one of ethylene vinyl acetate emulsion / acrylic emulsion or styrene / butadiene rubber .
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JP2008129347A JP5020888B2 (en) | 2008-05-16 | 2008-05-16 | Soundproof material |
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JP5020888B2 true JP5020888B2 (en) | 2012-09-05 |
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JPS4987119A (en) * | 1972-12-26 | 1974-08-21 | ||
JP2003212633A (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2003-07-30 | Shigeyuki Kawada | Formed building board, its manufacturing method and its applying method |
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