JP5016565B2 - Valve control device, engine device including the same, and transportation equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a valve control device for controlling the opening and closing of a valve in an internal combustion engine including an intake valve, an engine device including the valve, and a transport device, and in particular, a camless valve control without a cam. About.

  Conventionally, as this type of device (first device), the cam height and the cam working angle are formed so as to continuously change, and are configured to be movable along the camshaft and rotate integrally. Some include a cam and a valve lifter that is pressed by the cam surface of the cam to drive an intake valve (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the valve operating control apparatus configured as described above, the lift amount can be varied by moving the cam in accordance with the rotation range to slightly lift the valve or to lift it normally. Also, the operating angle can be varied simultaneously by moving the cam.

As another device (second device) of this kind, a cam disposed on a camshaft, an input portion that is interposed between the cam and the intake valve, and receives a change in cam crest and an input portion And an intermediate mechanism having an output unit that outputs and lifts a lift amount having a predetermined relationship to the displacement amount from the intake valve (see, for example, Patent Document 2). In the valve operating control device configured as described above, the lift amount and the operating angle can be varied by operating the input unit in accordance with the rotation range.
JP 2003-314233 A JP 2004-278476 A

However, the conventional example having such a configuration has the following problems.
That is, the conventional device can vary the lift amount and working angle of the intake valve in accordance with the rotation range, but the working angle also decreases as the lift amount is reduced due to mechanical limitations. Therefore, the control path is as shown by a two-dot chain line from the point P101 to the point P102 in the operation state diagram of FIG. 7 (the diagram showing the lift amount and closing timing of the intake valve in the equal output diagram and the equal fuel consumption diagram). When shifting from high output to low output, there is a problem that it is impossible to achieve both output and fuel consumption.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and by making it possible to continuously adjust the operating angle and the lift amount, a valve operating control device capable of achieving both output and fuel consumption, and It is an object of the present invention to provide an engine device and transportation equipment provided.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention has the following configuration.
Specifically, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in the valve operating control apparatus for controlling the opening / closing operation of the intake valve, the intake valve disposed in the cylinder and the intake valve are disposed at any timing and at any lift. Intake valve drive means that opens and closes the intake valve by an amount, and when the output is reduced, only the closing timing is gradually retarded while maintaining the lift amount at the maximum output, and the output is further reduced. In this case, the closing timing is gradually advanced and the lift amount is gradually decreased until it substantially coincides with the closing timing at the maximum output, and when the output is further reduced, the closing timing is gradually advanced. If the lift amount is gradually reduced to the lift amount at the minimum output and the output is increased, the closing timing is set until it almost coincides with the closing timing at the maximum output. When gradually increasing the lift amount and further increasing the output, gradually increase the lift amount to the lift amount at the maximum output and gradually retard the closing timing to increase the output. Control means for operating the intake valve driving means so as to gradually advance only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the maximum lift amount at the time of maximum output when increasing to the maximum. It is characterized by that.

  [Operation / Effect] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the intake valve driving means is provided on the intake valve and drives the intake valve to open and close at an arbitrary timing and an arbitrary lift amount. Then, the intake valve driving means is operated as follows. That is, when the output is reduced, only the closing timing is gradually delayed while the lift amount at the maximum output is substantially maintained. As a result, the intake valve is opened over a long period of time, and the air once sucked is discharged to reduce the intake amount of subtraction. Therefore, the output can be reduced without significantly reducing the fuel consumption. When the output is further reduced, the closing timing is gradually advanced until it substantially coincides with the closing timing at the maximum output, and the lift amount is gradually reduced, thereby reducing the intake amount and reducing the output. To do. When the output is further reduced, the closing timing is gradually advanced and the lift amount is gradually reduced to the lift amount at the minimum output, thereby reducing the intake amount and reducing the output. Further, in order to increase the output, an operation reverse to the above is performed. Therefore, since the output can be changed through the region with good fuel consumption in the iso-fuel consumption diagram, both output and fuel consumption can be achieved.

  In the present invention, the control means may gradually advance only the closing timing while keeping the lift amount at the lift amount at the minimum output at a low load in the process of minimizing the output, thereby minimizing the output. In the case of a low load in the process of increasing the pressure, it is preferable to gradually retard only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the lift amount at the minimum output (Claim 2). In the low load region where the output is small, if the closing timing of the intake valve is advanced, the intake valve is closed before a large amount of air is sucked. Therefore, the output can be reduced even when the lift amount is maintained, and the fuel consumption can be improved in the low load region.

  When the output is reduced, the “opening” timing of the intake valve may be gradually retarded. This makes it possible to reduce the intake air amount in combination with the advance timing of the intake valve closing, so that the output can be reduced even when the lift amount is maintained, particularly in the low load region. Can be expected to improve fuel efficiency.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the valve operating control apparatus for controlling the opening / closing operation of the intake valve, the intake valve disposed in the cylinder and the intake valve are disposed at an arbitrary timing and lift amount. Intake valve drive means for opening and closing the intake valve, and when reducing the output, only the lift amount is gradually reduced to the lift amount at the minimum output while substantially maintaining the closing timing at the maximum output. In order to increase the output, the intake valve driving means is operated so that only the lift amount is gradually increased to the lift amount at the maximum output while the closing timing at the maximum output is substantially maintained. And a control means.

  [Operation / Effect] According to the invention described in claim 3, the intake valve drive means is provided on the intake valve and opens and closes the intake valve at an arbitrary timing and an arbitrary lift amount. Then, the intake valve driving means is operated as follows. That is, when the output is reduced, only the lift amount is gradually reduced to the lift amount at the minimum output while the closing timing at the maximum output is substantially maintained. As a result, the intake amount is reduced to reduce the output. To increase the output, the reverse operation is performed. Therefore, since the output can be changed through a region with good fuel consumption in the iso-fuel consumption chart as compared with the conventional case, it is possible to achieve both output and fuel consumption while simplifying the control.

  Further, in the present invention, the control means gradually advances only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the minimum output at a low load in the process of minimizing the output, thereby increasing the output from the minimum. At a low load in the process, it is preferable to gradually retard only the closing timing while substantially maintaining the lift amount at the minimum output. In the low load region where the output is small, if the closing timing of the intake valve is advanced, the intake valve is closed before a large amount of air is sucked. Therefore, the output can be reduced even when the lift amount is maintained, and the fuel consumption can be improved in the low load region.

  When the output is reduced, the “opening” timing of the intake valve may be gradually retarded. This makes it possible to reduce the intake air amount in combination with the advance timing of the intake valve closing, so that the output can be reduced even when the lift amount is maintained, particularly in the low load region. Can be expected to improve fuel efficiency.

  Further, in the present invention, the control means includes a storage unit that stores in advance control information on the closing timing and the lift amount according to the accelerator opening and the rotational speed based on the iso-output diagram and the iso-fuel consumption diagram, It is preferable to operate the intake valve driving means with reference to the control information. Based on the iso-output diagram and the iso-fuel diagram, it is possible to determine the closing timing and lift amount control information for changing the output through the fuel-efficient region of the iso-fuel diagram. Therefore, by referring to the control information and operating the intake valve driving means by the control unit, both output and fuel consumption can be achieved. In addition, it is possible to cope with various characteristics by rewriting the control information in the storage unit.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an engine having a combustion chamber, an intake valve disposed in a cylinder, the intake valve, the intake valve disposed at an arbitrary timing and an arbitrary lift amount. Intake valve drive means that opens and closes and when reducing the output of the engine, when the output is further reduced by gradually retarding only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the maximum output substantially In order to gradually advance the closing timing and gradually reduce the lift amount until it substantially matches the closing timing at the maximum output, and further reduce the output, gradually advance the closing timing and increase the lift amount. When gradually decreasing the lift amount to the minimum output and increasing the output of the engine, the closing timing is almost the same as the closing timing at the maximum output. When gradually increasing the lift amount and gradually increasing the lift amount and further increasing the output, gradually increase the lift amount to the lift amount at the maximum output and gradually retard the closing timing to reduce the output. Control means for operating the intake valve driving means so as to gradually advance only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the maximum lift amount at the time of maximum output when increasing to the maximum. It is characterized by that.

  [Operation and Effect] According to the invention described in claim 6, the control means operates the intake valve driving means as follows. That is, when the output is reduced, only the closing timing is gradually delayed while the lift amount at the maximum output is substantially maintained. As a result, the intake valve is opened over a long period of time, and the air once sucked is discharged to reduce the intake amount of subtraction. Therefore, the output can be reduced without significantly reducing the fuel consumption. When the output is further reduced, the closing timing is gradually advanced until it substantially coincides with the closing timing at the maximum output, and the lift amount is gradually reduced, thereby reducing the intake amount and reducing the output. To do. When the output is further reduced, the closing timing is gradually advanced and the lift amount is gradually reduced to the lift amount at the minimum output, thereby reducing the intake amount and reducing the output. Further, in order to increase the output, an operation reverse to the above is performed. Therefore, since the output can be changed through the region with good fuel consumption in the iso-fuel consumption diagram, the output of the engine device and the fuel consumption can be made compatible.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an engine having a combustion chamber, an intake valve disposed in a cylinder, and an intake valve disposed in the intake valve, wherein the intake valve is disposed at an arbitrary timing and an arbitrary lift amount. When the intake valve drive means for opening and closing and the output of the engine are reduced, only the lift amount is gradually reduced so as to become the lift amount at the minimum output while substantially maintaining the closing timing at the maximum output. When the engine output is increased, the intake valve drive means is configured to gradually increase the lift amount so as to gradually reach the lift amount at the maximum output while substantially maintaining the closing timing at the maximum output. And a control means for operating the device.

  [Operation / Effect] According to the invention described in claim 8, the control means operates the intake valve driving means as follows. That is, when the output is reduced, only the lift amount is gradually reduced to the lift amount at the minimum output while the closing timing at the maximum output is substantially maintained. As a result, the intake amount is reduced to reduce the output. To increase the output, the reverse operation is performed. Therefore, since the output can be changed through a region with good fuel efficiency in the iso-fuel consumption chart as compared with the conventional case, it is possible to achieve both the output of the engine device and the fuel efficiency while simplifying the control.

  In the present invention, the engine device according to any one of claims 6 to 9, a drive wheel, and a transmission mechanism that transmits power generated by the engine device to the drive wheel. Preferred (claim 10). By transmitting the power generated by the engine device to the drive wheels by the transmission mechanism, it is possible to realize a transportation device including the engine device that can achieve both output and fuel consumption.

  Note that the transportation equipment here refers to a vehicle, motorcycle, water bike, snowmobile, boat, or the like that can carry an engine device and carry people or luggage.

  This specification also discloses an invention relating to the following valve operating control method.

(1) In the valve operating control method for controlling the opening / closing operation of the intake valve,
In the intake valve, when opening and closing the intake valve with the intake valve driving means at an arbitrary timing and an arbitrary lift amount,
If you want to reduce the output,
The process of gradually retarding only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the maximum output,
In the case of further reducing the output, the process of gradually advancing the closing timing and gradually decreasing the lift amount until it substantially coincides with the closing timing at the maximum output,
When further reducing the output, the process of gradually advancing the closing timing and gradually reducing the lift amount to the lift amount at the minimum output,
Further, in order to minimize the output, the process of gradually advancing only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the lift amount at the minimum output is executed,
When increasing the output,
When increasing the output from the minimum, the process of gradually delaying only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the lift amount at the minimum output,
The process of gradually delaying the closing timing and gradually increasing the lift amount until it substantially coincides with the closing timing at the maximum output,
When further increasing the output, the process of gradually increasing the lift amount to the lift amount at the maximum output and gradually delaying the closing timing,
When increasing the output to the maximum, the process of gradually advancing only the closing timing while keeping the lift amount at the lift amount at the maximum output,
The valve operating control method characterized by performing.

  According to the invention described in (1), when the output is reduced, only the closing timing is gradually retarded while the lift amount at the maximum output is substantially maintained. As a result, the intake valve is opened over a long period of time, and the air once sucked is discharged to reduce the intake amount of subtraction. Therefore, the output can be reduced without significantly reducing the fuel consumption. When the output is further reduced, the closing timing is gradually advanced until it substantially coincides with the closing timing at the maximum output, and the lift amount is gradually reduced, thereby reducing the intake amount and reducing the output. To do. When the output is further reduced, the closing timing is gradually advanced and the lift amount is gradually reduced to the lift amount at the minimum output, thereby reducing the intake amount and reducing the output. Therefore, since the output can be changed through the region with good fuel consumption in the iso-fuel consumption diagram, both output and fuel consumption can be achieved. Further, in the low load region where the output is small, by delaying the closing timing of the intake valve, it is possible to discharge the air-fuel mixture once sucked while performing the intake over a long period of time, and to reduce the intake amount of subtraction. Therefore, the output can be reduced even when the lift amount is maintained, and the fuel consumption can be improved in the low load region.

(2) In the valve operating control method for controlling the opening / closing operation of the intake valve,
In the intake valve, when opening and closing the intake valve with the intake valve driving means at an arbitrary timing and an arbitrary lift amount,
If you want to reduce the output,
In the case of reducing the output, the process of gradually reducing only the lift amount so as to become the lift amount at the minimum output while substantially maintaining the closing timing at the maximum output,
At a low load in the process of minimizing the output, a process of gradually advancing only the closing timing while substantially maintaining the lift amount at the minimum output is executed,
When increasing the output,
At low load in the process of increasing the output from the minimum, the process of gradually retarding only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the minimum output,
The process of gradually increasing only the lift amount to the lift amount at the maximum output while maintaining the closing timing at the maximum output almost,
The valve operating control method characterized by performing.

  According to the invention described in (2) above, the control means operates the intake valve driving means as follows. That is, when the output is reduced, only the lift amount is gradually reduced to the lift amount at the minimum output while the closing timing at the maximum output is substantially maintained. As a result, the intake amount is reduced to reduce the output. To increase the output, the reverse operation is performed. Therefore, since the output can be changed through a region with good fuel consumption in the iso-fuel consumption chart as compared with the conventional case, it is possible to achieve both output and fuel consumption while simplifying the control. In the low load region where the output is small, if the closing timing of the intake valve is advanced, the intake valve is closed before a large amount of air is sucked. Therefore, the output can be reduced even when the lift amount is maintained, and the fuel consumption can be improved in the low load region.

  According to the valve control apparatus according to the present invention, the control means operates the intake valve driving means as follows. That is, when the output is reduced, only the closing timing is gradually delayed while the lift amount at the maximum output is substantially maintained. As a result, the intake valve is opened over a long period of time, and the air once sucked is discharged to reduce the intake amount of subtraction. Therefore, the output can be reduced without significantly reducing the fuel consumption. When the output is further reduced, the closing timing is gradually advanced until it substantially coincides with the closing timing at the maximum output, and the lift amount is gradually reduced, thereby reducing the intake amount and reducing the output. To do. When the output is further reduced, the closing timing is gradually advanced and the lift amount is gradually reduced to the lift amount at the minimum output, thereby reducing the intake amount and reducing the output. Further, in order to increase the output, an operation reverse to the above is performed. Therefore, since the output can be changed through the region with good fuel consumption in the iso-fuel consumption diagram, both output and fuel consumption can be achieved.

  Hereinafter, a valve operating control device, an engine device including the valve operating control device, and a motorcycle that is an example of a transport device including the engine device will be described in order.

<Valve control device>
Embodiments of a valve operating control apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the valve operating control apparatus according to the embodiment.

  The valve control apparatus according to the present embodiment has, for example, a two-valve configuration, and includes an intake valve IV1 and an exhaust valve EV1 for one cylinder 2 (cylinder) of the engine 1. The intake valve IV1 and the exhaust valve EV1 have a mushroom shape whose appearance is called a so-called poppet valve. The intake valve IV1 and the exhaust valve EV1 include a trumpet-shaped valve umbrella portion 3 and a valve stem 7 extending from the valve umbrella portion 3 on the side opposite to the combustion chamber 4 of the engine 1. Each intake valve IV1 and exhaust valve EV1 has an actuator 9 attached to the valve stem 7 for moving the valve head 3 forward and backward with respect to the combustion chamber 4.

  The actuator 9 corresponds to the “intake valve driving means” in the present invention. The actuator 9 can drive the intake valve IV1 and the exhaust valve EV1 forward and backward at an arbitrary timing and an arbitrary lift amount based on, for example, a signal from an ECU (19) described later. Examples of the actuator 9 include an electromagnetic type and a hydraulic type.

  The cylinder 2 of the engine 1 includes a spark plug 11 attached to the combustion chamber 4 with the electrode portion exposed. A high voltage is applied to the spark plug 11 by an ignition system 13 including an ignition coil and the like, and a spark is ignited in the combustion chamber 4 to ignite. In place of the spark plug 11, another type of ignition device such as a laser ignition device may be provided.

  The engine 1 is provided with a rotary encoder 15 that detects the rotation angle of the crankshaft. Further, an accelerator sensor 17 that outputs a signal corresponding to an operation amount of a fuel injector (fuel injector) or an accelerator (not shown) is attached to the side that supplies the air-fuel mixture to the intake valve IV1 side.

  The actuator 9 and the spark plug 11 described above are comprehensively controlled by an ECU (Engine Control Unit) 19. ECU19 is provided with storage part 21 which memorized control map CM beforehand. This control map CM defines the lift amount, the closing timing, and the opening timing for each intake valve IV1 and exhaust valve EV1 according to the operating state. The ECU 19 controls each actuator 9 independently according to the output signals from the rotary encoder 15 and the accelerator sensor 17 and the control map CM. The timing for applying a high voltage to the spark plug 11 is also defined in the control map CM, but the description thereof is omitted in this specification.

  The ECU 19 described above corresponds to “control means” in the present invention, and the control map CM corresponds to “control information” in the present invention.

  The control map CM described above is determined in advance as follows. Reference is now made to FIG. FIG. 2 is an operation state diagram showing a control example of the lift amount and closing timing of the intake valve. The driving state diagram here is a characteristic diagram of the engine 1 created by superimposing an iso-fuel consumption diagram and an iso-output diagram, and the closing timing and lift amount of the intake valve IV1 according to the load that is the output of the engine 1 The control path (shown by a dotted line in FIG. 2) is drawn. Here, the opening timing of the intake valve IV1 is fixed.

Specifically, when reducing the output from the maximum output to the minimum output, the ECU 19 operates the actuator 9 as follows.
That is, only the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 is gradually retarded while maintaining the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 at the maximum output (point P1 to point P2). When the output is further decreased, the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 is gradually advanced and the lift amount is gradually decreased until the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 at the maximum output substantially coincides (from the point P2 to the point). P3). In order to further reduce the output, the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 is gradually advanced, and the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 is gradually decreased to the lift amount at the minimum output (from point P3 to point P4). Further, at a low load in the process of minimizing the output, only the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 is gradually advanced while the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 is maintained at the lift amount at the minimum output (from point P4). Point P5).

Further, when increasing the output from the minimum output to the maximum output, the ECU 19 performs the control in the direction opposite to the above-described operation as follows.
That is, at a low load in the process of increasing the output from the minimum, only the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 is gradually retarded while maintaining the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 substantially at the lift amount at the minimum output (point P5). To point P4). Further, when the output is increased, the closing timing is gradually retarded until it substantially coincides with the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 at the maximum output, and the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 is gradually increased (from point P4). Point P3). When the output is further increased, the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 is gradually increased to the lift amount at the maximum output, and the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 is gradually retarded (from point P3 to point P2). Further, when the output is increased to the maximum, only the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 is gradually advanced while the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 is maintained at the lift amount at the maximum output (from the point P2). Point P1).

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the control map CM described above includes a lift map that defines the lift amount as described above according to the engine speed and the accelerator opening, and the engine speed and the accelerator opening for the intake valve IV1. There is a closing timing map that defines the closing timing defined as described above according to the degree, and an opening timing map that defines the opening timing of the intake valve IV1 according to the engine speed and the accelerator opening.

  Although no specific numerical value is shown in FIG. 3, for example, a lift amount map is defined so that when the lift amount is defined as 1 to 10 [mm], the opening / closing operation is represented. Yes. The control map CM is determined so as to satisfy the above-described control path based on the results of various tests performed in the operating state over the minimum output and the maximum output as described above based on the engine speed and the accelerator opening. Is done. When there are a plurality of intake valves (for example, two) and the lift amount of any of the intake valves is defined as 0 [mm], it represents a pause. When there are a plurality of intake valves as described above, a pause operation may be performed according to the operating state. Thereby, a vortex can be generated in the cylinder 2 to improve the combustion efficiency. Further, even when there are a plurality of exhaust valves, an operation including a pause may be performed.

When the ECU 19 operates the actuator 9 along the control path described above, the following operational effects are obtained.
That is, when the output is reduced from the maximum output, if the control is performed from the point P1 to the point P2, the intake valve IV1 is opened for a long period, and the air once sucked is discharged from the cylinder 2 to reduce the intake air amount for subtraction. It will be. Therefore, the output can be reduced without significantly reducing the fuel consumption. When the output is further reduced from point P2 to point P3, the closing timing is gradually advanced and the lift amount is gradually reduced until it substantially coincides with the closing timing at the maximum output. The amount of intake air into the cylinder 2 can be reduced to reduce the output. In order to further reduce the output, if the control is performed from point P3 to point P4, the closing timing is gradually advanced and the lift amount is gradually reduced to the lift amount at the minimum output, so that the cylinder 2 can be reduced. The amount of intake air can be reduced to reduce the output. Further, at a low load in the process of minimizing the output, if the control is performed from the point P4 to the point P5, only the closing timing is gradually advanced while the lift amount is maintained at the lift amount at the minimum output. it can. Therefore, by delaying the closing timing of the intake valve IV1, it is possible to discharge the air once sucked from the cylinder 2 while performing the intake over a long period of time, and to reduce the intake amount of subtraction. Therefore, the output can be reduced even when the lift amount is maintained, and the fuel consumption can be improved in the low load region.

  When increasing the output, control is performed to follow the reverse control path. Therefore, since the output can be changed through the region with good fuel consumption in the iso-fuel consumption diagram, both output and fuel consumption can be achieved.

  In the control example described above, of the control paths in FIG. 2, only the points P1 to P4 are adopted as the control path, and the control path between the points P4 and P5 is not adopted, only during this period. May be operated as in the conventional example. Even if it does in this way, both output and a fuel consumption can be aimed at compared with a prior art example.

<Other control examples>
Instead of the control path described above, control may be performed using a control path as shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is an operation state diagram showing another control example of the lift amount and closing timing of the intake valve.

When reducing the output from the maximum output to the minimum output, the ECU 19 operates the actuator 9 as follows.
In other words, while substantially maintaining the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 at the maximum output, only the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 is gradually decreased so as to become the lift amount at the minimum output (from point P11 to point P12). Further, at a low load in the process of reducing the output to the minimum output, only the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 is gradually advanced while maintaining the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 at the minimum output (from point P12 to point P13). .

Further, when increasing the output from the minimum output to the maximum output, the ECU 19 performs the control in the direction opposite to the above-described operation as follows.
That is, at a low load in the process of increasing the output from the minimum output, only the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 is gradually delayed while maintaining the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 at the minimum output (from the point P13). P12). Further, when the output is increased to the maximum output, only the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 is gradually increased to the lift amount at the maximum output while substantially maintaining the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 at the maximum output. (Point P12 to Point P11).

When the ECU 19 operates the actuator 9 along the control path described above, the following operational effects are obtained.
That is, when the output is reduced from the maximum output, if the control is performed from the point P11 to the point P12, the intake amount from the intake valve IV1 into the cylinder 2 can be reduced to reduce the output. Further, when the output is reduced, if the control is performed from the point P12 to the point P13, the closing timing of the intake valve IV1 is advanced and the intake valve IV1 is closed before much air is sucked into the cylinder 2. Therefore, the output can be reduced even when the lift amount of the intake valve IV1 is maintained, and fuel consumption can be improved in a low load region.

  Further, in order to increase the output, an operation reverse to the above is performed. Therefore, since the output can be changed through a region with good fuel consumption in the iso-fuel consumption chart as compared with the conventional case, it is possible to achieve both output and fuel consumption while simplifying the control.

  In the control example described above, of the control paths in FIG. 4, only the point P11 to point P12 is adopted as the control path, and the control path extending from point P12 to point P13 is not adopted, and only this period is the conventional example. You may make it operate like this. Even if it does in this way, both output and a fuel consumption can be aimed at compared with a prior art example.

  In each control example described above, the “open” timing of the intake valve IV1 may be gradually retarded when the output is reduced. As a result, the intake air amount can be further reduced in combination with the advance timing of the closing of the intake valve IV1, so that the output can be reduced even when the lift amount is maintained, particularly in the low load region. You can expect improved fuel economy.

<Engine device>
With reference to FIG. 5, the example of the engine apparatus provided with the valve operating control apparatus mentioned above is demonstrated. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the engine apparatus according to the embodiment.

  The engine 1 of this engine apparatus includes a cylinder body 31 constituting a cylinder 2, a cylinder head 33, a crankshaft 35, a piston 37, a combustion chamber 4, an intake pipe 39, an intake valve IV1, and an exhaust pipe 41. And an exhaust valve EV1 and a spark plug 11.

  The piston 37 disposed in the combustion chamber 4 is linked to the crankshaft 35 by a connecting rod 43. An intake pipe 39 is connected to one side of the combustion chamber 4 via an intake valve IV1. An exhaust pipe 41 is connected to the other side of the combustion chamber 4 that is opposite to the intake pipe 39 via an exhaust valve EV1. A fuel injector 45 is attached to the intake pipe 39. An unillustrated grip or the like is provided with an accelerator sensor 17 that outputs a signal according to an accelerator operation amount. A signal from the accelerator sensor 17 is taken into the ECU 19, and the fuel injection device is operated by the ECU 19 according to the signal. 45 is operated.

  A rotary encoder 15 that detects the rotation angle of the crankshaft 35 is attached to the cylinder body 31. Further, the cylinder body 31 is provided with a water temperature sensor 49 for detecting the temperature of the engine cooling water. The rotation angle (crank angle) of the crankshaft 35 is detected from the output signal of the rotary encoder 15, and the temperature of the engine 1 is detected from the output signal of the water temperature sensor 49. ) Can be determined. Although not shown, in order to determine the operating conditions of the engine 1, an intake flow sensor or an air flow sensor for detecting the intake flow rate in the intake pipe 39, and an empty air flow in the exhaust pipe 41 are used. An exhaust air / fuel ratio sensor or the like for detecting the fuel ratio may be provided, and the ECU 19 may determine the operating condition by combining output signals from these sensors.

  The ECU 19 determines the operating state of the engine 1 based on output signals from the rotary encoder 15 and the accelerator sensor 17, and refers to the control information CM in the storage unit 21 and operates each actuator 9 as described above. The opening / closing operation of the intake valve IV1 and the exhaust valve EV1 is controlled.

  In the engine apparatus having the above-described configuration, when the output is reduced from the maximum output, the output can be reduced without significantly reducing the fuel consumption. When the output is further reduced, the output can be reduced by reducing the intake air amount. When the output is further reduced, the output can be reduced by reducing the intake air amount. Furthermore, at low load in the process of minimizing the output, delaying the closing timing of the intake valve may cause the air-fuel mixture that has been inhaled to be discharged while performing intake over a long period of time, and reduce the intake amount of subtraction. it can. Therefore, the output can be reduced even when the lift amount is maintained, and the fuel consumption can be improved in the low load region.

  Further, in order to increase the output, an operation reverse to the above is performed. Therefore, since the output can be changed through a region with good fuel consumption in the iso-fuel consumption diagram, an engine device that achieves both output and fuel consumption can be realized.

  Also in this engine device, the same operation as in the prior art may be performed only in the low load region as in the valve control device described above. Even if it does in this way, both output and a fuel consumption can be aimed at compared with a prior art example.

<Transport equipment>
With reference to FIG. 6, a motorcycle will be described as an example of a transportation device including the valve operating control device and the engine device described above. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the motorcycle according to the embodiment.

  A head pipe 103 is provided at the front end of the main frame 101. A front fork 105 is attached to the head pipe 103 so as to be swingable in the left-right direction. A front wheel 107 is rotatably attached to the lower end of the front fork 105. A steering handle 109 is attached to the upper end portion of the head pipe 103.

  A fuel tank 110 is attached to the main frame 101 located behind the steering handle 109. A seat 111 is attached further rearward of the fuel tank 110. A swing arm 113 is attached below the seat 111 of the main frame 101 so as to be swingable with respect to the main frame 101. A rear wheel 115 is rotatably attached to the rear end portion of the swing arm 113 together with the driven sprocket 117. A rear suspension 119 is disposed near the fulcrum of the swing arm 113 so as to be sandwiched between the main frame 101 and the swing arm 113.

  The rear wheel 115 corresponds to the “drive wheel” in the present invention.

  An engine 1 and a transmission 121 are disposed on the opposite side of the fuel tank 110 with the main frame 101 interposed therebetween. A radiator 123 is attached to the front portion of the engine 1. A muffler 125 that suppresses the exhaust volume is attached to the rear end portion of the exhaust pipe 41 that extends rearward from the engine 1.

  A drive sprocket 129 is attached to the drive shaft 127 of the transmission 121. A chain 131 is suspended between the drive sprocket 129 and the driven sprocket 117. A shift pedal 133 for operating the transmission 121 is attached near the transmission 121. An ECU 19 and a battery 135 are attached to the lower part of the fuel tank 110.

  The transmission 121, the drive shaft 127, the drive sprocket 129, and the chain 131 described above correspond to the “transmission mechanism” in the present invention.

  In the configuration described above, a motorcycle including an engine device capable of achieving both output and fuel consumption can be realized by transmitting the power generated by the engine device to the rear wheel 115 by the drive shaft 127 or the like. it can.

  In addition, although the motorcycle was shown as an example of the transport apparatus in the present invention, it is applicable as long as it is equipped with an engine device such as an automobile, a water bike, a snowmobile, and a boat and can carry people and luggage. .

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be modified as follows.

  As described above, the present invention is suitable for a valve operating control device and an engine device for opening and closing an intake valve provided in an engine, and transportation equipment such as a motorcycle.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the valve operating control apparatus which concerns on an Example. It is an operation state figure which shows the example of control of the lift amount and closing timing of an intake valve. It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of a control map. It is an operation state figure showing other examples of control of the lift amount and closing timing of an intake valve. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the engine apparatus which concerns on an Example. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a motorcycle according to an embodiment. It is an operation state figure which shows the prior art example of the lift amount and closing timing of an intake valve.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Engine 2 ... Cylinder IV1 ... Intake valve EV1 ... Exhaust valve 3 ... Valve umbrella part 4 ... Combustion chamber 7 ... Valve stem 9 ... Actuator 11 ... Spark plug 15 ... Rotary encoder 17 ... Accelerator sensor 19 ... ECU
CM ... Control map 21 ... Storage unit P1 to P5 ... Points on control path P11 to P13 ... Points on control path

Claims (10)

In a valve control device that controls the opening and closing operation of the intake valve,
An intake valve disposed in the cylinder;
An intake valve driving means disposed on the intake valve for opening and closing the intake valve at an arbitrary timing and an arbitrary lift amount;
When reducing the output, gradually delay only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the maximum output, and when further reducing the output, until it almost matches the closing timing at the maximum output. To gradually advance the closing timing and gradually reduce the lift amount, and further reduce the output, gradually advance the closing timing and gradually reduce the lift amount to the lift amount at the minimum output. ,
When increasing the output, gradually delay the closing timing until it almost coincides with the closing timing at the maximum output, gradually increase the lift amount, and when further increasing the output, increase the lift amount to the maximum output. When gradually increasing the output to the maximum lift amount and gradually retarding the closing timing to increase the output to the maximum, only the closing timing is maintained while maintaining the lift amount at the maximum output amount. Control means for operating the intake valve driving means so as to gradually advance,
A valve operating control device comprising: In the valve operating control device according to claim 1,
The control means includes
At low load in the process of minimizing output, only the closing timing is gradually advanced while maintaining the lift amount at the lift amount at the minimum output,
A valve control apparatus characterized by gradually retarding only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the lift amount at the minimum output at a low load in the process of increasing the output from the minimum. In a valve control device that controls the opening and closing operation of the intake valve,
An intake valve disposed in the cylinder;
An intake valve driving means disposed on the intake valve for opening and closing the intake valve at an arbitrary timing and lift amount;
When making the output small, only the lift amount is gradually reduced to become the lift amount at the minimum output while substantially maintaining the closing timing at the maximum output,
When the output is increased, the control for operating the intake valve drive means so that the lift amount is gradually increased to the lift amount at the maximum output while the closing timing at the maximum output is substantially maintained. Means,
A valve operating control device comprising: In the valve operating control device according to claim 3,
The control means includes
With a low load in the process of minimizing the output, only the closing timing is gradually advanced while almost maintaining the lift amount at the minimum output,
A valve control apparatus characterized by gradually retarding only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the minimum output at a low load in the process of increasing the output from the minimum. In the valve control apparatus in any one of Claim 1 to 4,
The control means includes a storage unit that stores in advance control information of closing timing and lift amount according to the accelerator opening and the rotational speed based on the iso-output diagram and the iso-fuel consumption diagram, and refers to the control information. And operating the intake valve driving means. An engine with a combustion chamber;
An intake valve disposed in the cylinder;
An intake valve driving means disposed on the intake valve for opening and closing the intake valve at an arbitrary timing and an arbitrary lift amount;
When the engine output is reduced, the closing timing is gradually retarded while the lift amount at the maximum output is substantially maintained, and when the output is further reduced, the closing timing at the maximum output is substantially reduced. When the closing timing is gradually advanced and the lift amount is gradually decreased until the output is matched, and the output is further reduced, the closing timing is gradually advanced and the lift amount is gradually increased to the lift amount at the minimum output. To make it smaller
When increasing the output of the engine, gradually delay the closing timing until it almost coincides with the closing timing at the maximum output, gradually increase the lift amount, and further increase the output, the lift amount When gradually increasing the output to the maximum lift amount and gradually delaying the closing timing to increase the output to the maximum, the lift amount is maintained while maintaining the lift amount at the maximum output level. Control means for operating the intake valve driving means so as to gradually advance only the timing;
An engine device comprising: The engine apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
The control means includes
At low load in the process of minimizing output, only the closing timing is gradually advanced while maintaining the lift amount at the lift amount at the minimum output,
An engine apparatus characterized by gradually retarding only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the lift amount at the minimum output at a low load in the process of increasing the output from the minimum. An engine with a combustion chamber;
An intake valve disposed in the cylinder;
An intake valve driving means disposed on the intake valve for opening and closing the intake valve at an arbitrary timing and an arbitrary lift amount;
When the output of the engine is reduced, only the lift amount is gradually reduced to become the lift amount at the minimum output while substantially maintaining the closing timing at the maximum output,
When increasing the output of the engine, the intake valve driving means is set so that only the lift amount is gradually increased to the lift amount at the maximum output while maintaining the closing timing at the maximum output. Control means to operate;
An engine device comprising: The engine device according to claim 8, wherein
The control means includes
With a low load in the process of minimizing the output, only the closing timing is gradually advanced while almost maintaining the lift amount at the minimum output,
An engine apparatus characterized by gradually retarding only the closing timing while maintaining the lift amount at the minimum output at a low load in the process of increasing the output from the minimum. An engine device according to any one of claims 6 to 9,
Drive wheels,
A transmission mechanism for transmitting power generated by the engine device to the drive wheels;
Transportation equipment characterized by comprising:

Images