JP5000907B2 - Combined environmental test equipment - Google Patents

Combined environmental test equipment Download PDF

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JP5000907B2
JP5000907B2 JP2006079535A JP2006079535A JP5000907B2 JP 5000907 B2 JP5000907 B2 JP 5000907B2 JP 2006079535 A JP2006079535 A JP 2006079535A JP 2006079535 A JP2006079535 A JP 2006079535A JP 5000907 B2 JP5000907 B2 JP 5000907B2
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vibration
sound
frequency
test apparatus
simulated
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JP2007256521A (en
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浩明 鈴木
宏明 白戸
千鶴 中川
健 渡邉
宏則 星野
江里光 鈴木
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Railway Technical Research Institute
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Description

本発明は、列車や自動車、航空機など乗り物の客室における乗り心地評価を行う複合環境試験装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a combined environmental test apparatus that evaluates ride comfort in passenger cabins of vehicles such as trains, automobiles, and aircraft.

従来、客室内環境模擬装置として、様々な客室内環境を模擬できるものが提案されている(下記特許文献1参照)。
図4は客室内環境模擬装置の模式図である。
この図において、101は固定部、102は揺動装置本体、103は模擬客室、104は空調機の室外機、105はサーボアンプ、106は揺動制御装置、107は昇降装置である。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a cabin environment simulation device, a device capable of simulating various cabin environments has been proposed (see Patent Document 1 below).
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cabin environment simulation device.
In this figure, 101 is a fixed part, 102 is a swinging device body, 103 is a simulated cabin, 104 is an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, 105 is a servo amplifier, 106 is a swing control device, and 107 is a lifting device.

また、列車や自動車、航空機など乗り物の客室の乗り心地評価を行うために、体感振動としては高周波域の評価を、室内騒音としては中高周波域の評価をそれぞれ別個に計測するようにしていた。
特開2003−295750号公報
In addition, in order to evaluate the ride comfort of a passenger cabin such as a train, an automobile, and an aircraft, the high frequency range is evaluated as the sensation vibration, and the middle high frequency range is evaluated as the room noise.
JP 2003-295750 A

交通機関の快適性の指標である乗り心地については、振動周波数に対する人体の感度に合わせた周波数重み付けをフィルターとした指標が用いられてきた。
図5は従来のISO2631−1に基づく等感覚曲線を示す図であり、横軸に周波数(Hz)、縦軸に周波数重み付け(dB)を示している。
図5から明らかなように、人体の振動周波数に対する感度は、上下方向では5Hz、左右・前後方向では2Hz付近が最も高く、これより低周波および高周波に行くに従い、感度は低下するとされている。
As for the ride comfort, which is an index of comfort of transportation, an index using a frequency weighting according to the sensitivity of the human body to the vibration frequency as a filter has been used.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an isosensory curve based on conventional ISO2633-1, where the horizontal axis represents frequency (Hz) and the vertical axis represents frequency weighting (dB).
As is clear from FIG. 5, the sensitivity to the vibration frequency of the human body is highest at 5 Hz in the vertical direction and around 2 Hz in the left / right / front / rear direction, and the sensitivity decreases as the frequency becomes lower and higher.

一方、軽量車体を有する高速鉄道車両や航空機等では、乗り心地に影響を与える振動加速度の周波数域は、在来鉄道等の交通機関にはほとんどない高周波数成分(20〜80Hz)を多く含んでいる。この周波数帯は、従来の評価方法では人体の感度特性は低いとされ、乗り心地に大きく影響しないとされるが、実際には乗り心地に大きく影響しており、従来の評価法では体感との乖離があった。なぜならば、この周波数帯域は、従来法で重み付けの高い10Hz以下の成分に比べると、振動の大きさとしての人体感受性はあまり高くないものの、ビビリとして皮膚表面では十分知覚される成分であること、また、音域として低周波の可聴域に重なるので、低周波騒音として知覚されることで顕在化するためと思われる。   On the other hand, in a high-speed railway vehicle or an aircraft having a lightweight vehicle body, the frequency range of vibration acceleration that affects the ride comfort contains many high-frequency components (20 to 80 Hz) that are hardly found in transportation such as conventional railways. Yes. This frequency band is considered to have a low sensitivity characteristic of the human body in the conventional evaluation method and does not significantly affect the ride comfort, but in fact, it has a great influence on the ride comfort. There was a divergence. This is because this frequency band is a component that is sufficiently perceived on the skin surface as chatter, although the human body sensitivity as a magnitude of vibration is not so high as compared with a component of 10 Hz or less which is weighted by the conventional method. Also, since it overlaps the low frequency audible range as the sound range, it seems to be manifested by being perceived as low frequency noise.

以上より、この高周波振動領域の乗り心地評価には、高周波振動に加えて超低周波音・低周波音による影響も考慮する必要がある。さらに、客室内の騒音再現には、従来の中高音に加えて、超高周波音の影響も考慮することが必要である。
本発明は、上記状況に鑑みて、乗り心地評価に、高周波振動に加えて超低周波音・低周波音、超高周波音による影響も考慮した、複合環境試験装置を提供することを目的とする。
From the above, it is necessary to consider the influence of ultra-low-frequency sound and low-frequency sound in addition to high-frequency vibration in evaluating riding comfort in this high-frequency vibration region. Furthermore, in order to reproduce the noise in the cabin, it is necessary to consider the influence of super high frequency sound in addition to the conventional medium and high sounds.
In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a composite environment test apparatus that takes into account the effects of ultra-low frequency sound, low-frequency sound, and ultra-high frequency sound in addition to high-frequency vibration in riding comfort evaluation. .

本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、
〔1〕固定部(1)と模擬客室(2)との間に配置される8Hz以下の振動を発生できるアクチュエータによる加振機(3)と、0.5〜80Hz程度までの振動を発生できる高周波加振台(4)と、0.5〜80Hz程度までの低周波音を再生できる超低周波音スピーカー(5)と、80Hz〜20kHz程度までの中高周波を再生できる中高周波用スピーカー(6)と、20〜100kHz程度までの超高周波を再生できる超高周波音スピーカー(7)とを備えた前記模擬客室(2)を有する複合環境試験装置であって、前記模擬客室(2)の外に設置した大型スクリーンにより、振動や音と連動した映像を投影することにより、列車や自動車、航空機など乗り物の走行時の車内環境を模擬することを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1] A vibration exciter (3) by an actuator arranged between the fixed part (1) and the simulated cabin (2) and capable of generating a vibration of 8 Hz or less, and a vibration of about 0.5 to 80 Hz can be generated. a high-frequency shaker table (4), and ultra-low frequency sound speaker can reproduce low-frequency sound up to about 0.5 to 8 0H z (5), the high frequency speakers in capable of playing a high-frequency in up to about 80Hz~20kHz (6) and a combined environmental test apparatus having the simulated guest room (2) provided with an ultra-high frequency sound speaker (7) capable of reproducing an ultra-high frequency up to about 20 to 100 kHz, It is characterized by simulating the in-vehicle environment when a vehicle such as a train, an automobile, or an aircraft travels by projecting an image linked with vibration and sound by a large screen installed outside.

〕上記〔1〕記載の複合環境試験装置において、振動と音の周波数および大きさを別々に制御できることにより、人間の環境快適性の評価における、振動と音の複合影響を調べることができることを特徴とする。
〕上記〔1〕記載の複合環境試験装置において、振動と音の周波数帯域が重なっていることにより、任意の振動の大きさに対する人間の体感による評価が、音が加わることにより受ける影響を調べることができることを特徴とする。
[ 2 ] In the combined environmental test apparatus described in [1] above, the vibration and sound frequency and magnitude can be controlled separately, so that the combined influence of vibration and sound in human environmental comfort evaluation can be examined. It is characterized by.
[ 3 ] In the combined environmental test apparatus described in [1] above, since the frequency bands of vibration and sound are overlapped, the evaluation based on the human experience with respect to the magnitude of any vibration is affected by the addition of sound. It can be examined.

〕上記〔1〕記載の複合環境試験装置において、振動と音の周波数帯域が重なっていることにより、任意の音の大きさに対する人間の体感による評価が、振動が加わることにより受ける影響を調べることができることを特徴とする。
〕上記〔1〕記載の複合環境試験装置において、さらに模擬客室の明るさをコントロールすることにより、列車や自動車、航空機など乗り物の走行時の車内環境を模擬し、その快適性評価を可能とすることを特徴とする。
[ 4 ] In the combined environmental test apparatus described in [1] above, since the frequency band of vibration and sound overlaps, the evaluation by the human sensation for an arbitrary sound volume is affected by the addition of vibration. It can be examined.
[ 5 ] In the combined environmental testing apparatus described in [1] above, by controlling the brightness of the simulated cabin, the interior environment of a vehicle such as a train, automobile, or aircraft can be simulated and its comfort can be evaluated. It is characterized by.

〕上記〔1〕記載の複合環境試験装置において、さらに模擬客室の温度をコントロールすることにより、列車や自動車、航空機など乗り物の走行時の車内環境を模擬し、その快適性評価を可能とすることを特徴とする。 [ 6 ] In the combined environmental test apparatus described in [1] above, by controlling the temperature of the simulated guest room, it is possible to simulate the interior environment of a vehicle such as a train, an automobile, or an aircraft and evaluate its comfort. It is characterized by doing.

本発明によれば、従来の中〜低周波振動に加えて、高周波振動と低周波音の同時暴露が可能となり、鉄道車両や航空機等の客室内環境を現実に近い条件で再現することができ、より体感に近い乗り心地評価を確立することができる。   According to the present invention, in addition to the conventional medium to low frequency vibration, high frequency vibration and low frequency sound can be exposed at the same time, and the indoor environment of a railway vehicle or an aircraft can be reproduced under conditions close to reality. This makes it possible to establish a ride evaluation that is closer to the experience.

本発明の複合環境試験装置は、固定部(1)と模擬客室(2)との間に配置される8Hz以下の振動を発生できるアクチュエータによる加振機(3)と、0.5〜80Hz程度までの振動を発生できる高周波加振台(4)と、0.5〜80Hz程度までの低周波音を再生できる超低周波音スピーカー(5)と、80Hz〜20kHz程度までの中高周波を再生できる中高周波用スピーカー(6)と、20〜100kHz程度までの超高周波を再生できる超高周波音スピーカー(7)とを備えた前記模擬客室(2)を有する複合環境試験装置であって、前記模擬客室(2)の外に設置した大型スクリーンにより、振動や音と連動した映像を投影することにより、列車や自動車、航空機など乗り物の走行時の車内環境を模擬する。 The composite environmental test apparatus of the present invention includes an exciter (3) by an actuator that can generate vibrations of 8 Hz or less, which is arranged between the fixed part (1) and the simulated cabin (2), and about 0.5 to 80 Hz. a high-frequency shaker table generating oscillatory up (4), and ultra-low frequency sound speaker can reproduce low-frequency sound up to about 0.5 to 8 0H z (5), a high frequency in up to about 80Hz~20kHz A composite environmental test apparatus having the simulated guest room (2) provided with a mid-high frequency speaker (6) capable of reproduction and a super-high frequency sound speaker (7) capable of reproducing super-high frequency up to about 20 to 100 kHz, A large screen installed outside the simulated guest room (2) projects an image linked with vibration and sound, thereby simulating the interior environment of a vehicle such as a train, an automobile, or an aircraft.

以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。
図1は本発明の実施例を示す複合環境試験装置の模式図、図2はその複合環境試験装置の高周波加振台と座席とを示す模式図、図3はその複合環境試験装置の超低周波音スピーカーを示す図である。
これらの図において、1は固定部、2は模擬客室、3は固定部1と模擬客室2との間に配置される8Hz以下の振動を発生できるアクチュエータによる加振機、4は模擬客室2内に配置される、05〜80Hz程度までの振動を発生できる高周波加振台、5は模擬客室2内に配置される、0.5〜80Hz程度までの低周波音を再生できる超低周波音スピーカー、6は80〜20kHz程度までの中高周波を再生できる中高周波用スピーカー、7は20〜100kHz程度まで超高周波音を再生できる超高周波音スピーカーである。より詳しくは、模擬客室2には客室の底部8、座席9、座席の床部10が設けられており、上記高周波加振台4は、図2に示すように、座席の床部10と模擬客室2の底部8との間に配置され、8Hz〜80Hz程度までの振動を座席の6自由度(前後x、左右y、上下z、x軸回りのロール、y軸回りのピッチ、z軸回りのヨー)方向に発生させることができる。図3に示す超低周波音スピーカー5は、図1に示すように、模擬客室2の底部8に配置される。この超低周波音スピーカー5は、例えば、サーロジック社製SPD−SW2000Dであり、出力は1kW+1kW、再生周波数は10〜120Hz(ローパスフィルタは20〜120Hzで可変)である。また、中高周波数スピーカー6は座席8の近傍に配置される。また、超高周波音スピーカー7は模擬客室2の高所に配置される。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite environmental test apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a high-frequency vibration table and a seat of the composite environmental test apparatus, and FIG. It is a figure which shows a frequency sound speaker.
In these drawings, 1 is a fixed unit, 2 is a simulated cabin, 3 is a vibration exciter that is arranged between the fixed unit 1 and the simulated cabin 2 and can generate vibrations of 8 Hz or less, and 4 is in the simulated cabin 2 , 0 . A high-frequency excitation table that can generate vibrations of about 5 to 80 Hz, 5 is an ultra-low frequency sound speaker that is arranged in the simulation cabin 2 and can reproduce low-frequency sounds of about 0.5 to 80 Hz, and 6 is 80 to 80 A medium and high frequency speaker 7 that can reproduce medium and high frequencies up to about 20 kHz, and a super high frequency sound speaker 7 that can reproduce super high frequency sounds up to about 20 to 100 kHz. More specifically, the simulated guest room 2 is provided with a bottom 8 of the guest room, a seat 9 and a floor 10 of the seat. The high-frequency vibration exciter 4 is simulated with the floor 10 of the seat as shown in FIG. Located between the bottom 8 of the guest room 2 and the vibration of about 8 Hz to 80 Hz, the seat has six degrees of freedom (front and rear x, left and right y, up and down z, roll around x axis, pitch around y axis, around z axis (Yaw) direction. The ultra-low frequency sound speaker 5 shown in FIG. 3 is arranged at the bottom 8 of the simulated cabin 2 as shown in FIG. The ultra-low frequency sound speaker 5 is, for example, SPD-SW2000D manufactured by Sarlogic, and the output is 1 kW + 1 kW, and the reproduction frequency is 10 to 120 Hz (the low-pass filter is variable from 20 to 120 Hz). Further, the middle / high frequency speaker 6 is disposed in the vicinity of the seat 8. In addition, the super-high frequency sound speaker 7 is disposed at a high place in the simulated cabin 2.

このように、本発明の複合環境試験装置は、模擬客室2内に、0.5〜80Hz程度までの振動を発生できる高周波加振台と、0.5〜80Hz程度までの低周波音を再生できる超低周波音スピーカーと、80〜20kHz程度までの中高周波を再生できる中高周波用スピーカー6と、20〜100kHz程度まで超高周波音を再生できる超高周波音スピーカー7を設置し、走行音(もしくは飛行音)や振動を模擬することにより、これらの複合環境の評価試験を行うことができる。 As described above, the composite environment test apparatus according to the present invention generates a high-frequency excitation table 4 capable of generating a vibration of about 0.5 to 80 Hz and a low-frequency sound of about 0.5 to 80 Hz in the simulated cabin 2. and ultra-low frequency sound speaker 5 can play, and installation and high frequency speakers 6 in which can play a high frequency in up to about 80~20KHz, ultra high frequency sound speakers 7 can play ultra high frequency sound up to about 20 to 100 kHz, the running By simulating sound (or flight sound) and vibration, it is possible to perform an evaluation test of these complex environments.

本発明によれば、従来の中〜低周波振動に加えて、高周波振動と超低周波〜超高周波音の同時暴露が可能となり、高速鉄道車両や航空機等の客室内環境を現実に近い条件で再現することができ、より体感に近い乗り心地評価を確立することができるようになる。
また、本発明によれば、高周波振動が生じる環境の評価試験を行うことが可能である。
なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨に基づいて種々の変形が可能であり、これらを本発明の範囲から排除するものではない。
According to the present invention, in addition to the conventional medium to low frequency vibration, high frequency vibration and ultra low frequency to ultra high frequency sound can be simultaneously exposed, and the interior environment of a high-speed railway vehicle, aircraft, or the like is close to reality. It can be reproduced and a ride evaluation that is closer to the experience can be established.
Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to perform an evaluation test of an environment where high-frequency vibration occurs.
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, A various deformation | transformation is possible based on the meaning of this invention, and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

本発明の複合環境試験装置は、音と振動が複合した環境下での快適性の計測装置として利用可能である。   The composite environment test apparatus of the present invention can be used as a measurement apparatus for comfort in an environment where sound and vibration are combined.

本発明の実施例を示す複合環境試験装置の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the composite environment test apparatus which shows the Example of this invention. 本発明の実施例を示す複合環境試験装置の高周波加振台と座席とを示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the high frequency vibration stand and seat of the composite environment test apparatus which show the Example of this invention. 本発明の実施例を示す複合環境試験装置の超低周波音スピーカーを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the very low frequency sound speaker of the composite environment test apparatus which shows the Example of this invention. 従来の列車内環境模擬装置の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the conventional simulator environment simulator. 従来のISO2631−1に基づく等感覚曲線を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the isosensory curve based on the conventional ISO26331-1.

1 固定部
2 模擬客室
3 8Hz以下の振動を発生できるアクチュエータによる加振機
4 0.5〜80Hz程度までの振動を発生できる高周波加振台
5 0.5〜80Hz程度までの低周波音を再生できる超低周波音スピーカー
6 80〜20kHz程度までの中高周波を再生できる中高周波用スピーカー
7 20〜100kHz程度までの超高周波音を再生できる超高周波音スピーカー
8 客室の底部
9 座席
10 座席の床部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fixed part 2 Simulated guest room 3 Exciter by actuator which can generate vibration of 8 Hz or less 4 High frequency excitation table which can generate vibration of about 0.5 to 80 Hz 5 Reproduce low frequency sound of about 0.5 to 80 Hz Super low frequency sound speaker 6 Medium to high frequency speaker capable of reproducing medium to high frequency up to about 80-20 kHz 7 Ultra high frequency sound speaker capable of reproducing ultra high frequency sound up to about 20-100 kHz 8 Bottom of guest room 9 Seat 10 Seat floor

Claims (6)

固定部と模擬客室との間に配置される8Hz以下の振動を発生できるアクチュエータによる加振機と、0.5〜80Hz程度までの振動を発生できる高周波加振台と、0.5〜80Hz程度までの低周波音を再生できる超低周波音スピーカーと、80Hz〜20kHz程度までの中高周波を再生できる中高周波用スピーカーと、20〜100kHz程度までの超高周波を再生できる超高周波音スピーカーとを備えた前記模擬客室を有する複合環境試験装置であって、前記模擬客室の外に設置した大型スクリーンにより、振動や音と連動した映像を投影することにより、列車や自動車、航空機など乗り物の走行時の車内環境を模擬することを特徴とする複合環境試験装置。 A vibrator by the actuator that can generate less vibration 8Hz disposed between the stationary portion and the simulated room, a high-frequency shaker table that can generate vibration of up to about 0.5~80Hz, 0.5~8 0H an ultra-low frequency sound speaker capable of reproducing low-frequency sound up to about z, a mid-high frequency speaker capable of reproducing medium-high frequency up to about 80 Hz to 20 kHz, and an ultra-high frequency sound speaker capable of reproducing ultra-high frequency up to about 20 to 100 kHz A combined environmental test apparatus having the simulated guest room provided with a large screen installed outside the simulated guest room to project an image linked with vibration and sound, thereby driving a vehicle such as a train, an automobile, and an aircraft. A combined environmental testing device that simulates the vehicle interior environment. 請求項1記載の複合環境試験装置において、振動と音の周波数および大きさを別々に制御できることにより、人間の環境快適性の評価における、振動と音の複合影響を調べることができることを特徴とする複合環境試験装置。   The combined environmental test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the frequency and magnitude of vibration and sound can be controlled separately, whereby the combined influence of vibration and sound in human environmental comfort evaluation can be examined. Combined environmental test equipment. 請求項1記載の複合環境試験装置において、振動と音の周波数帯域が重なっていることにより、任意の振動の大きさに対する人間の体感による評価が、音が加わることにより受ける影響を調べることができることを特徴とする複合環境試験装置。   In the composite environment test apparatus according to claim 1, since the frequency band of vibration and sound overlaps, the evaluation based on the human sensation with respect to the magnitude of arbitrary vibration can examine the influence received by the addition of sound. A combined environmental testing device. 請求項1記載の複合環境試験装置において、振動と音の周波数帯域が重なっていることにより、任意の音の大きさに対する人間の体感による評価が、振動が加わることにより受ける影響を調べることができることを特徴とする複合環境試験装置。   In the composite environmental test apparatus according to claim 1, since the frequency band of vibration and sound overlaps, the evaluation based on the human sensation with respect to an arbitrary sound volume can examine the influence received by the vibration. A combined environmental testing device. 請求項1記載の複合環境試験装置において、さらに模擬客室の明るさをコントロールすることにより、列車や自動車、航空機など乗り物の走行時の車内環境を模擬し、その快適性評価を可能とすることを特徴とする複合環境試験装置。   In the combined environmental test apparatus according to claim 1, by further controlling the brightness of the simulated guest room, the interior environment of a vehicle such as a train, an automobile, and an aircraft can be simulated and the comfort evaluation can be performed. A combined environmental testing device. 請求項1記載の複合環境試験装置において、さらに模擬客室の温度をコントロールすることにより、列車や自動車、航空機など乗り物の走行時の車内環境を模擬し、その快適性評価を可能とすることを特徴とする複合環境試験装置。   The combined environmental test apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising controlling the temperature of the simulated cabin to simulate the in-vehicle environment of a vehicle such as a train, an automobile, and an aircraft and to evaluate its comfort. Combined environmental testing equipment.
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