JP4999881B2 - Tunnel lighting system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device for illuminating a road surface in a tunnel, and more particularly to a cave illuminating lamp such as an underground waterway, an electric / phone wiring cave, and a subway.

  Conventionally, lighting devices for illuminating the inside of tunnels such as expressways and ordinary roads have been installed. FIG. 1 shows an example of a tunnel lighting device 90, which is attached to a wall surface 82 of a tunnel 80 via a fixture 81. The tunnel lighting device 90 mainly includes a container 94 having a protective plate 92 made of a transparent member on the front surface, and a fluorescent light source 91 disposed in the container 94.

  A power supply line 96 connected to a power source (not shown) is connected to the side of the case via a waterproof socket 95, and the fluorescent tube light source 91 is turned on. A part of the light emitted from the light source 91 is irradiated through the protection plate 92, and a part of the light is irradiated through the protection plate 92 after being reflected by the reflection plate 93.

  FIG. 2 schematically shows a light distribution pattern on the passage 82 in a tunnel illumination lamp attached to the ceiling of the tunnel 80. An example in which three tunnel lighting devices 90 are provided in the tunnel length direction is shown. The light distribution pattern (iso-illuminance curve) by each tunnel illumination device 90 is a circular light distribution pattern 84 with respect to the irradiated surface because the fluorescent tube light source 91 emits light in all directions. Therefore, a low illuminance region 85 is generated between the light distribution patterns of the adjacent light sources 91. Low utilization of luminous flux.

  In order to increase the utilization rate of the luminous flux and allow light to reach far away, there has also been proposed an illuminating device in which a reflecting plate 93 indicated by a dotted line is provided above the fluorescent tube light source. However, since the reflector 93 is provided, the size of the lighting device becomes large. For example, it is difficult to handle in the case of a wiring cave that is only as tall as a person. That is, the thickness of the lighting device is increased, which is a restriction on the effective height in the tunnel.

  Also, a tunnel illumination device using an LED (light emitting diode) as a light source has been proposed. In Patent Document 1, a resin plate on which a plurality of light emitting diodes are arranged is fixed inside a metal case, and a lighting device provided with a transparent cover that covers the resin plate and a reflective plate provided on the upper part of the transparent cover is provided on the tunnel side wall. . Patent Document 2 discloses a tunnel lighting fixture in which LED units having different emission colors are provided in a fixture main body so as to be substantially parallel to the translucent cover, and the color temperature can be changed.

JP 2002-324408 A JP 2005-142116 A

  By using an LED instead of a fluorescent tube as a light source, long life and low power consumption can be achieved. However, the tunnel illumination devices of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 both have a large number of LEDs arranged in a matrix on a flat plate. The arranged LED unit is used as a light source. Therefore, there is a problem that the light distribution pattern emitted from the LED is merely used as it is, and the light distribution pattern as the tunnel illumination device is not controlled.

  In view of the above, the main object of the present invention is to improve the light distribution characteristics of a tunnel illumination device using LEDs as light sources.

The lighting device for a tunnel according to the present invention includes an instrument container, a translucent cover that covers the front of the instrument container, and an internal space formed by the instrument container and the translucent cover, and the LED is included in the internal space. The LED light source unit includes a plurality of LED elements spaced apart from the translucent cover and arranged in a non-dot matrix, and an air layer in front of the optical axis of the LED elements. A lens element portion having an incident side lens cut and an output side lens cut is located via the incident side lens cut, and the incident side lens cut is a plurality of linear ridge lines parallel to the incident side lens cut located in front of the other LED elements configure sectional triangular prism group with, the exit lens cut, irregularities prism within a range corresponding to the prism group of the corresponding incident side lens cut consists of a continuous curved structure And, wherein the lens element portion, the incident-side lens cut and the exit side lens cut is integrally formed by translucent resin, the prism group of the incident-side lens cut, a ridge and a LED element around the ridge A plurality of prisms each having a triangular cross section consisting of a first plane substantially parallel to the straight line connecting the two and a second plane opposite to the ridge line, and the second plane includes an entrance side lens cut and an exit side lens cut. The alignment pattern by the LED light source unit forms a substantially elliptical light distribution pattern, and the long direction of the alignment pattern is substantially orthogonal to the ridge line . The most important feature.

Tunnel illumination device of the present invention, a simple structure, it is possible to obtain a light distribution pattern suitable for tunnel lighting device with improved light distribution characteristics of the tunnel lighting apparatus using the LED, due to the incident-side lens cut There is an advantage that it is possible to obtain a tunnel illuminating device in which the light loss is reduced and the utilization efficiency of light from the LED is increased .

  The invention according to claim 2 is the tunnel illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the lens element portion is provided in the translucent cover.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, by providing the lens element portion on the translucent cover, there is an advantage that the structure can be further simplified and the tunnel illumination device can be thinned.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, each of the incident side lens cuts has a triangular cross-sectional prism having a size in the range of 0.4 to 2 times the width of the LED element in the reference plane direction. The tunnel illumination device according to claim 3, wherein

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the light distribution characteristic of the tunnel illumination device is advantageous in that brightness unevenness can be reduced.

The invention according to claim 4 is the tunnel illumination device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ridge line coincides with the length direction of the tunnel.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, there is an advantage that a long light distribution pattern can be formed in the length direction of the tunnel .

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a conventional tunnel illumination device. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the installation state of the tunnel illumination device of FIG. 1 in the tunnel and the light distribution characteristics in that case. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the tunnel illumination device of the present invention. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an LED element and a lens element portion of the tunnel illumination device of FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the light distribution characteristics of the passage when the tunnel lighting device of FIG. 3 is installed in the tunnel. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing light distribution characteristics in a state where the tunnel illumination device of FIG. 3 is installed in the tunnel. FIG. 7 shows the setting range of the prism groups 6 and 7 superimposed on the LED element 1 of the LED light source unit 11. FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the design procedure of the incident side lens cut. FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a design procedure of the exit side lens cut.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
The embodiments described below are preferable specific examples of the present invention, and thus various technically preferable limitations are given. However, the scope of the present invention particularly limits the present invention in the following description. As long as there is no description of the effect, it is not restricted to these aspects.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the tunnel illumination device of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the LED element and the lens element portion of the tunnel illumination device of FIG.
The tunnel lighting device 10 includes an instrument container 14 whose front is open, an LED light source unit 11 disposed in the instrument container 14, and a translucent cover 12 that covers a front opening of the instrument container 14. A lens element portion 17 is provided at a position facing the LED light source unit 11 of the light cover 12. A lighting control device 19 is provided on the inner surface of the instrument container 14 on the back side of the LED light source unit 11. The tunnel may be installed in a place with high humidity or high temperature, or it may be submerged. Therefore, it is preferable that the light used is excellent in strength and waterproof so that it can withstand such light. It is preferable that the unit 11 and the lighting control device 19 be an immersion-proof illumination lamp that is housed in a waterproof case.

  When the LED light source unit 11 is turned on, the light emitted from the unit 11 enters the lens element unit 17 and is refracted by the lens element unit 17 to form a substantially elliptical light distribution pattern 86 as shown in FIG. . Here, the substantially elliptical light distribution pattern refers to a light distribution pattern in which the length direction of the tunnel along the passage 82 which is an object to be irradiated in the tunnel 80 is long. By adopting a substantially elliptical light distribution pattern, irradiation to unnecessary portions other than the passage is reduced as compared with a circular light distribution pattern, and the use efficiency of light emission is improved.

  The instrument container 14 is made of metal, ABS resin, or the like, has a box shape or a plate shape with an open front, and forms an internal space 18 with a translucent cover attached to the container. The back surface side of the instrument container 14 can be attached to a fixture 81 attached to the wall surface 31 of the tunnel 80 by a known means such as a screw (not shown).

  The translucent cover 12 is made of a transparent resin such as acrylic or polycarbonate, and its peripheral edge is hermetically coupled to the instrument container 14. In the example of FIG. 1, the instrument container 14 has a box shape, and a seal groove 14 a having a U-shaped cross section is provided around it. The other translucent cover 12 is formed in a U-shaped cross section, and seal legs 12a are provided on the periphery. After supplying an adhesive such as hot melt into the seal groove 14a, the seal leg 12a is press-fitted and fixed. Instead of using an adhesive, the two may be fitted through a rubber packing or the like, and the instrument container 14 and the translucent cover 12 may be sandwiched with a metal clip or the like to be hermetically coupled.

  The LED light source unit 11 is disposed in the internal space 18. FIG. 5 is a plan view schematically showing the LED light source unit 11. 3 and 4 correspond to the cross section taken along the line CC in the figure. The LED light source unit 11 includes an LED mounting substrate 2 made of a glass epoxy substrate, a ceramic substrate, a metal substrate, or the like on which a power supply wiring pattern is formed, and a plurality of LED elements 1 electrically and mechanically connected on the substrate. Become. The LED mounting substrate 2 preferably has thermal conductivity and high surface reflectance. This is because the heat dissipation of the LED light source unit 11 can be enhanced, and light outside the design due to internal reflection from the translucent cover 12 can also be used effectively. The LED element 1 is, for example, a surface-mount type, and is installed such that its optical axis A faces the irradiation direction of the tunnel illumination device 10, that is, the lower side of the page in FIGS.

  The LED element 1 is preferably a rectangular surface-mount type that exhibits a Lambertian characteristic with a full width at half maximum of 90 ° to 170 °. This is because if the full width at half maximum is less than 90 °, the amount of light flux traveling in an oblique direction from the LED element 1 is small, so that the refraction of the lens element portion 17 described later must be increased, making it difficult to form the lens element portion. Also, if the full width at half maximum is greater than 170 °, the luminance immediately below the LED element 1, that is, the luminance on the optical axis A is relatively low. In addition, each LED element 1 is arranged in a non-dot matrix. The number of LED elements used can be reduced by providing them scattered.

  The lens element unit 17 is installed separately from the LED light source unit 11. In the present embodiment, the lens element portion 17 is formed integrally with the translucent cover 12 by injection molding. In the lens element portion 17, the incident side lens cut 5 on the surface facing the LED light source unit 11 and the emission side lens cut 7 provided on the opposite surface are integrally formed of the same material. Thereby, attenuation of the light before the light incident from the incident side lens cut 5 exits from the output side lens cut 7 can be suppressed. Further, the lens light source unit 11 can be viewed directly by combining the lens element portion 17 with a lens cut having different properties, that is, an incident side lens cut 5 having many steps and a curved exit side lens cut 7. It can be made difficult to observe, and the glare of the LED element 1 can be suppressed.

  A large number of incident side lens cuts 5 are formed on the surface of the lens element portion 17 on the inner space 18 side, and an air layer 15 exists between the light source unit 11 and the LED light source unit 11. In addition, an incident side prism group 6 having a triangular cross section is formed. Each of the prisms 6L1, 6L2, 6L3, 6R1, 6R2, and 6R3 is a triangular prism having a triangular cross section, and the length direction L of the passage 82 that is the irradiated object in the tunnel 80, that is, the tunnel length direction. Are arranged in parallel. The symbol L in FIG. 4 corresponds to the length direction L of the passage in FIG. Further, the triangular prisms 6L1, 6L2 and 6L3 on the left side of the optical axis A and the triangular prisms 6R1, 6R2 and 6R3 on the right side of the optical axis A are mirror surfaces with respect to a plane passing through the optical axis A and orthogonal to the length direction L. It is made into a shape. By using the mirror surface as an object, the uniformity of the light distribution pattern in the passage length direction can be easily increased.

  A large number of exit side lens cuts 7 are formed on the surface of the lens element portion 17 on the opposite side to the internal space 18 to constitute the exit side prism group 8. Each of the prisms 7L1 and 7R1 is a convex prism. Further, the point intersecting with the optical axis A becomes the boundary between the prism 7L1 and the prism 7R1, and is a recess 7c. As a result, the exit-side prism group 8 is formed as an uneven surface having a continuous curved surface. Furthermore, the area of the exit side prism group 8 is larger than that of the incident side prism group 6 corresponding thereto. By increasing the area of the exit-side prism group 8, the light incident on the entrance-side prism group can be extracted more efficiently to the outside.

  The area where the incident side prism group 6 and the emission side prism group 8 are provided is on the optical axis of each LED element 1 and a predetermined angular range around this, specifically, a range corresponding to at least the full width at half maximum of the LED element 1. Provide in. FIG. 7 shows the setting range of the prism groups 6 and 7 superimposed on the LED element 1 of the LED light source unit 11. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 6 </ b> E denotes a ridge line of the incident side lens cut 5 having a triangular prism shape in each of the incident side prism groups 6, and is orthogonal to the length direction L of the passage 82.

  The exit side prism group 8 has the same area as the area where the entrance side prism group 6 is provided or a larger area. This is because unevenness in the brightness of the light distribution pattern can be reduced by providing it in a larger area than the incident side prism group.

Details of the entrance-side lens cut 5 will be described along the design procedure with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
First, a distance D between the LED element 1 and the outermost surface of the LED light emitting unit 1H and an optical axis A passing through the center of the LED element 1 are set. The number of cuts and the pitch are set in consideration of the light emission characteristics of the LED element 1, the distance D, the size of the region where the lens cut is provided, and the processing accuracy. In this example, a total of 10 prisms 6L1, 6L2, 6L3,... 6L10 on the left side with respect to the optical axis A, and a total of 10 prisms 6R1, 6R2, 6R3,. Provide. The left end of the outermost surface of the LED element light emitting unit 1H is HL, and the right end is HR.

  The pitches of the prisms 6L1, 6L2, 6L3, etc. are substantially the same as the width of the LED light emitting unit 1H. Specifically, if the pitch exceeds twice the width of the LED light emitting unit 1H, the size of each of the incident side lens cuts 5 increases, and the unevenness of brightness becomes conspicuous. Similarly, if the ratio is smaller than 0.4 times, each prism becomes small, and the manufacturing cost becomes high to produce a precise prism. More preferably, the size is in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 times the width of the LED light emitting unit 1H. This is because, in this range, the LED element and each prism group can be processed without increasing the cost.

Each prism is as follows. In addition, since it is designed symmetrically about the optical axis A, only the left side will be described in the following description.
Each of the prisms 6L1, 6L2, 6L3,... 6L10 is a triangular prism-shaped cut having a triangular cross section along the length direction L (reference plane) of the passage. A left slope 5a and a right slope 5b are provided around each ridgeline 6E. In FIG. 8, only the tenth prism 6L10 on the left side is given a reference numeral. The left slope 5a is preferably set so as to be substantially parallel to each optical path connecting the HL and each ridgeline 6E. In FIG. 8, the left slopes 5a of the 6L3, 6L4, and 6L5 prisms are substantially parallel to the optical paths B3, B4, and B5, respectively. Accordingly, as the distance from the LED element 1 increases, the slope of the prism becomes parallel to the surface of the angle cover 12, that is, approaches L (reference plane). On the other hand, the right slope 5b is constant, for example, 15 degrees with respect to L.

  In this way, the incident-side prism group 6 having a triangular cross section has a plane that has substantially the same acute angle with respect to the reference plane between the entrance-side lens cut and the exit-side lens cut, that is, the right slope 5b (light The left side slope 5a (the right side of the optical axis A), that is, the left side slope 5a (the right side of the optical axis A). On the right side). Thereby, it is possible to easily prevent light flux loss on the prism connection surface.

Next, the exit side lens cut 7 is designed. The exit-side lens cut 7 is a curved prism cut 7L1 over a range corresponding to the first to tenth areas on the left side, and a curved prism cut 7R1 over a range corresponding to the first to tenth areas on the right side. Provide.
The optical path when both the light beam emitted from the HL at the left end and the light beam emitted from the HR at the right end are incident on the incident-side lens cut 5 is examined, and the left-side incident-side prisms 6L1, 6L2, 6L3 are examined. ... Curvature is set so that the light distribution pattern of 6L10 partially overlaps as shown in FIG. Also, the surface should be smooth based on this curvature. Thus, a convex prism with a continuous curved surface and reduced brightness unevenness can be formed.

  By designing as described above, in the incident side prism group 6, it is possible to prevent light flux loss on the prism connection surface. Further, in the exit side prism group 8, a concave curved portion directly under the light source and a concave curved portion connected to the lens basic thickness are formed at a position farthest from the light source, thereby producing a smooth irradiation pattern. This convex prism has a continuous curved surface, and can realize a light distribution pattern without uneven brightness.

  In this way, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an LED tunnel illumination device with reduced brightness unevenness without actively providing a reflecting mirror on each LED element 1, and efficiently irradiate the inside of the tunnel. be able to. Further, the tunnel illumination device has an advantage that the structure can be simplified because the long life of the LED is utilized and the illumination lamp does not require maintenance, so that the light source is not replaced. In addition, since the light source is close to a point light source, there is an advantage that it is possible to control the light distribution pattern suitable for the tunnel illumination device based on the lens cut, which cannot be realized with a fluorescent lamp.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, the present invention includes a case where a plurality of LED elements 1 are closely arranged and used as a light source, or a case where a plurality of cuts are provided for an area while the exit side lens cut 7 is provided with the entrance side lens cut 5.

  For example, the present invention can be applied to tunnel passage lamps including underground waterways, electric / telephone caverns, and subway lamps.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 LED element A Optical axis of LED element 2 LED mounting board 5 Incident side lens cut 6 Incident side prism group 7 Outgoing side lens cut 8 Outgoing side prism group 10 Tunnel illumination device 11 LED light source unit 12 Translucent cover 14 Instrument container DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 Air layer 17 Lens element part 18 Internal space 19 Lighting control apparatus 80 Tunnel 81 Attaching tool 82 Passage 83 Wall surface 84,86 Light distribution pattern

Claims (4)

An instrument container, a translucent cover that covers the front of the instrument container, and an internal space formed by the instrument container and the translucent cover, and an LED light source unit is provided in the internal space;
In the LED light source unit, a plurality of LED elements spaced apart from the translucent cover are arranged in a non-dot matrix.
In front of the optical axis of the LED element, a lens element portion having an incident side lens cut and an emission side lens cut through an air layer is located,
The incident side lens cut constitutes a prism group having a triangular cross section having a plurality of linear ridge lines parallel to the incident side lens cut located in front of the other LED elements,
The exit side lens cut constitutes an uneven prism made of a continuous curved surface within a range corresponding to the prism group of the corresponding entrance side lens cut ,
In the lens element portion, the entrance side lens cut and the exit side lens cut are integrally formed of a translucent resin,
The incident side lens cut prism group includes a prism having a triangular cross section, which includes a first plane substantially parallel to a straight line connecting the ridge line and the LED element with the ridge line as a center, and a second plane opposite to the ridge line. With multiple
The second plane is a plane that forms an acute angle with respect to a reference plane between the entrance-side lens cut and the exit-side lens cut,
The orientation lighting pattern by the LED light source unit forms a substantially elliptical light distribution pattern, and the long direction of the orientation pattern is substantially perpendicular to the ridge line .   The tunnel illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the lens element portion is provided on the translucent cover. Each of the incident side lens cuts having a triangular cross section has a size in a range of 0.8 to 1.2 times the width of the LED element in the reference plane direction. Item 2. A lighting device for tunnels according to item 1 . 2. The tunnel illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the ridge line coincides with a length direction of the tunnel.

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