JP4990309B2 - Work machine display - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device for improving durability of machines such as construction machines and work vehicles (hereinafter collectively referred to as work machines).

  Estimating the remaining life of each component such as construction machinery, working machine engine, hydraulic equipment, etc., to predict the maintenance time is to replace each component before the failure occurs and reduce the downtime of the working machine. It has been regarded as very important in the past for reasons such as shortening and improving the operating rate, reducing maintenance costs, and making a vehicle allocation plan based on the maintenance period and appropriately performing production management. For this reason, conventionally, many techniques for predicting the maintenance time of each component or the machine body itself have been proposed.

  For example, Patent Document 1 stores data of detection values and instruction contents of sensors, switches, and the like that are normally arranged in each unit for driving and controlling a construction machine. Based on this data, the actual construction machine and its components are actually stored. A data processing apparatus for a construction machine that can calculate the amount of damage and predict and monitor the overhaul time, remaining life, etc., and manage the machine is disclosed. According to this data processing apparatus, the predicted overhaul time, remaining life, etc. are displayed on a display device such as a personal computer to notify the operator or manager in advance.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-27236 (page 6-7, FIG. 1)

  By the way, since the work machine is expensive, it is one of the very important management goals of the manager of the work machine to keep the purchase cost and maintenance cost low and reduce the total equipment maintenance cost. is there. For this reason, not only predicting the remaining life and maintenance time of each component and the machine itself, but also extending the life to use it for as long as possible, that is, letting the operator use the work machine to improve durability Is also a big management matter.

  However, all of the conventional data processing devices (life prediction devices) only predict and display the remaining life and maintenance time of each component and the machine itself. Since it is not known which operation at which time and which usage greatly affects the life of each component or the machine itself, there is a problem that it is not possible to take concrete measures to extend the life. Moreover, even if the operator knows that the work machine should be used so as to extend the life as described above, the operator tends to concentrate on improving the work efficiency such as fuel consumption during normal operation, thus extending the life. As a result, it is actually used under severe working conditions (heavy load). For this reason, there are many problems that the remaining life of each component or the machine itself is shortened and the equipment maintenance cost is increased.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-mentioned problems, and can make an operator and a manager know a specific operation method and machine usage method for improving the durability of each component and the machine itself. An object of the present invention is to provide a display device for a work machine.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first invention provides performance information collection means for collecting performance information related to durability of the work machine, operation of the work machine based on the performance information collected by the performance information collection means, and / or Work content determination means for determining a work method , operation machine operation determined by the work content determination means and / or standard work setting values set in advance according to the work method , and collected by the performance information collection means The display device of the working machine is provided with display means for displaying the difference information between the actual result information data or the actual result calculation data obtained by calculation based on the actual result information data.

  In this case, when the result information data or the result calculation data is larger than the set value at the time of the standard work, it is better to display the display means (66) to promote the improvement of the operation and / or work method. preferable.

  The display means is preferably provided in a monitor device provided in the cab.

  Furthermore, in this case, it is better to provide a sound generator that expresses the sound so that the difference can be understood.

  Moreover, it is better to have a transmission means for transmitting performance information related to the durability of the work machine to an external base station.

  According to the first invention, since the difference between the set value at the time of standard work according to the work content of the work machine and the data of the performance information related to the durability of the work machine at that time is displayed, the operator And the administrator can immediately know which operation at which time or which work method has an effect on the service life, and can easily take concrete measures for improvement. Thereby, a lifetime can be improved reliably. In addition, for the operator, training of operation for improving durability can be performed in accordance with the actual situation, and a greater effect of life improvement can be obtained.

  Further, according to the second invention, when the performance information data collected by the performance information collection means is larger than the set value of the information related to durability at the time of standard work according to the work content, the display means Since the display prompting the improvement of the operation and / or work method is performed, the bad operation and work method performed at that time can be immediately improved, and the effect of extending the life is great.

  Further, according to the third invention, since the performance information related to durability can be confirmed on the monitor device during the operation, the operator can immediately know during the operation whether the evaluation regarding the durability with respect to the actual operation method and the work method is good or not. The improvement can be made immediately, and the operator can be easily trained.

  Further, according to the fourth aspect of the invention, for example, guidance for improving the operation and / or work method so that the difference between the set value at the time of standard work related to the durability and the result information data or the result calculation data can be understood. Etc. are expressed by voice, the operator can operate while looking at the work object without looking at the display or the like, so that the operability and work efficiency can be improved. Note that the transmission means to the operator may be provided with at least one of a display and a sound generator.

  Further, according to the fifth invention, it is possible to transmit performance information related to durability to an external base station, and the external base station side performs life determination and prediction based on the performance information, and performs operations and work methods. If the display data (including sound) for guidance is transmitted to the work machine side, the configuration of the display device (controller) on the work machine side can be simplified. Moreover, the performance information of a plurality of work machines can be collectively managed by an external base station, and equipment management of the entire work site using the plurality of work machines can be unified.

It is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing the Example of this invention. It is arrangement | positioning explanatory drawing of structures, such as each sensor and hydraulic equipment. It is a perspective view of the inside of a driver's cab. It is a graph showing the generation frequency of traveling motor load pressure. It is an example of guidance about driving. It is a history graph of the high load pressure occurrence frequency of an arm and turning. It is an example of guidance regarding a turning broom work method. It is an example of history data regarding the upper scraping work method, (a) is a relationship diagram between the actual stress value of the boom and its stress frequency, (b) is the actual height of the boom and arm and the work height frequency at that position. (C) is a relationship diagram between the actually measured load pressure of the arm and the bucket and the load pressure frequency. It is an example of guidance regarding an upper scraping work method. It is a trend figure of the accumulation damage amount of an arm. It is the trend figure of the latest arm damage amount.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a display device for a work machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A hydraulic excavator will be described as an example of a working machine to which the present invention is applied.

  FIG. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement of each sensor, hydraulic equipment and the like. First, the configuration according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The hydraulic excavator 1 is provided with an upper swing body 3 on the upper part of the lower swing body 2 so that the upper swing body 3 can swing freely, and a cab 4 is installed on the left side of the front of the upper swing body 3. The machine 5 is attached so as to be swingable in the vertical direction. The work machine 5 includes a boom 6 attached to a swing frame of the upper swing body 3 so as to swing up and down, an arm 7 attached to the tip of the boom 6 so as to swing back and forth, and swings back and forth at the tip of the arm 7. A boom 8, an arm 7, and a bucket 8 are swingably driven by a boom cylinder 9, an arm cylinder 10, and a bucket cylinder 11, respectively.

  Strain gauges 41 a, 41 b, 42 a, 42 b, 43 a, 43 b, etc. for detecting the work load applied to the boom 6 are attached to the predetermined position of the boom 6. Strain gauges 44a and 44b for detecting a work load applied to the arm 7 are attached. The detection signals of these strain gauges 41 a, 43 b, 44 a, 44 b are transmitted to the controller 20.

  In this embodiment, mechanical strain due to the load applied to the boom 6 and the arm 7 is detected by the strain gauge, and the damage amount of each part of the work machine 5 is obtained by calculation based on the detected strain amount. Although the lifetime is predicted, the strain amount detection method in the present invention is not limited to this method. For example, the relationship between the hydraulic pressure peak value applied to the boom cylinder 9 or the arm cylinder 10 during work and the distortion amount at that time is obtained in advance based on test data or the like, and applied to the boom cylinder 9 or the arm cylinder 10 during operation. The amount of distortion and the amount of damage may be obtained by calculation using the hydraulic pressure peak value instead.

  An engine 25 is mounted on the rear part of the upper swing body 3. A plurality of hydraulic pumps 31a, 31b, 32a, 32b, 33a, 33b, and 34 are connected to a PTO (abbreviation of Power Take Off) device 29 of the engine 25. Among these hydraulic pumps, the hydraulic pump 34 includes: A pilot pressure is supplied to a pilot pressure operation valve 12 operated by an operation lever 13 for a work machine or traveling, and the other hydraulic pumps 31 a to 33 b are hydraulic cylinders 9, 10, 10 for driving the work machine 5. 11. The hydraulic oil is supplied in a shared manner to the turning motor 38 that drives the upper turning body 3 to turn and the left and right traveling motors 37a and 37b provided on the lower traveling body 2. FIG. 1 shows an example of a hydraulic circuit for driving some of the actuators, but the other circuits are configured by similar circuits. The hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pumps 31a and 31b will be described with reference to the described circuits. The right traveling motor switching valve 14a, the boom switching valve 14b, the bucket switching valve 14c, and the arm switching valve 14d, respectively. Are supplied to the right traveling motor 37b, the boom cylinder 9, the bucket cylinder 11, and the arm cylinder 10. A pilot pressure from the pilot pressure operation valve 12 of the corresponding operation lever 13 is supplied to the pilot operation portions such as the switching valves 14a to 14d.

  Pressure sensors 35a, 35b, and 36 for detecting respective pump discharge pressures are provided in the discharge pipes of the hydraulic pumps 31a and 31b, the discharge pipes of the hydraulic pumps 32a and 32b, and the discharge pipes of the hydraulic pumps 33a and 33b. It has been. Further, pressure sensors 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b, 18a, 18b, 19a, and 19b for detecting the load pressure of each actuator are provided on the pipes that connect the switching valves 14a to 14d and the respective actuators. Yes. Note that the turning motor 38 and the left traveling motor 37a are also provided with pressure sensors (not shown) for detecting respective load pressures in the connecting pipelines as described above. Detection signals from these pressure sensors are input to the controller 20. The controller 20 is based on the load pressure detection value of each actuator from the pressure sensor, and the load frequency (the occurrence frequency for each load level of each work machine, the traveling drive unit of the lower traveling body 2, etc., corresponding to the load amount. ).

  As shown in FIG. 2, the revolving frame 3a that is the base of the upper revolving structure 3 is provided with strain gauges 45a and 45b that detect the amount of mechanical distortion of the revolving frame 3a, and the left and right tracks of the lower revolving structure 2. Strain gauges 49a, 49b, 49c and 49d for detecting the mechanical strain of the track frames 2a and 2a are attached to the frames 2a and 2a, respectively. Acceleration sensors 47a and 47b for detecting acceleration of vibration and impact of the upper swing body 3 are respectively attached to the front part and the rear part of the upper swing body 3, and similarly, an acceleration sensor 46 is attached to the lower traveling body 2. Yes. The detection signals of these strain gauges and acceleration sensors are input to the controller 20.

  Further, an inclination angle sensor 48 for detecting the vehicle body inclination angle is attached to the upper swing body 3. In addition, a turning angle sensor 50 that detects a turning angle of the upper swing body 3 is provided in the vicinity of the swing device of the upper swing body 3.

  Furthermore, a boom angle sensor 51 that detects the boom rotation angle is attached to the attachment portion of the connection pin that connects the upper swing body 3 and the boom 6, and the attachment portion of the connection pin that connects the boom 6 and the arm 7. Is attached with an arm angle sensor 52 for detecting an arm rotation angle, and a bucket angle sensor 53 for detecting a bucket rotation angle is attached to an attachment portion of a connecting pin for connecting the arm 7 and the bucket 8. The detection signals of the tilt angle sensor, the turning angle sensor, and the angle sensor are input to the controller 20.

  A fuel injection amount command is input from the engine controller 22 to the fuel injection pump 26 of the engine 25, while a detection signal of an engine speed sensor 27 provided on the output rotation shaft of the engine 25 is fed back to the engine controller 22. It is input as a signal. The engine controller 22 calculates and outputs a fuel injection amount command so as to drive the engine 25 with a predetermined horsepower based on the feedback signal of the engine speed, and outputs the engine speed and the output fuel injection to the controller 20. The quantity command value is input. Based on the discharge pressure and discharge flow rate of the hydraulic pump, the work amount due to the hydraulic pressure is calculated from the engine output horsepower, and the service life due to the load of each hydraulic device is predicted.

  The controller 20 inputs the engine speed and the fuel injection amount from the engine controller 22, calculates the engine output horsepower based on the engine speed, and constantly monitors the engine load state, and inputs from the pressure sensors 35a, 35b, and 36. Based on each pump discharge pressure and pump swash plate angle (corresponding to discharge oil flow rate) input from a pump controller (not shown), the output horsepower (work volume) of each pump is calculated and the pump load is monitored. is doing. The controller 20 calculates the load frequency of each actuator based on the load pressure of each actuator input from each pressure sensor 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b, 18a, 18b, 19a, 19b, The load status is monitored. Further, the controller 20 determines the attitude of the work implement based on the tilt angle input from the tilt angle sensor 48, the turn angle input from the turn angle sensor 50, and each work implement angle input from each angle sensor 51, 52, 53. An inclination state of the vehicle body is obtained by calculation, and it is determined whether an appropriate operation method or work method according to the vehicle body posture or the work posture is taken.

  Furthermore, the controller 20 loads the load applied to the work machine, that is, the fatigue damage amount (in terms of durability), based on the strain amounts input from the strain gauges 41a, 41b, 42a, 42b, 43a, 43b, and the strain gauges 44a, 44b. It is one of such information.) Is obtained by calculation, thereby estimating the work method and determining the quality of the work by comparison with the standard work load. Furthermore, the controller 20 determines the turning frame 3a based on the respective strain amounts inputted from the strain gauges 45a, 45b, the strain gauges 49a, 49b, 49c, 49d or the respective accelerations inputted from the acceleration sensors 46, 47a, 47b. In addition, the fatigue damage amount of the left and right track frames 2a, 2a is obtained by calculation, and the life of each frame is predicted.

  Here, the fatigue damage amount will be described. In general, it is said that the life of structures (frames, working machines, drive system mechanism parts, components, etc.) is determined by fatigue failure. Therefore, an index called fatigue damage amount is used to represent the degree of accumulated fatigue of such a structure. Normally, the fatigue damage amount D is determined by the stress σ due to the load and the number of repetitions n of the load, and is expressed as follows in the mathematical formula.

・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Formula (1)
Where i is an argument corresponding to the representative stress level σi of each range when the stress level is stratified for each predetermined stress range, m is the total number of the range, and n is the material of the member and the heat treatment performed Ni is the frequency of occurrence (the number of repetitions) of the stress level σi in each section.

  FIG. 3 shows the inside of the cab 4 in detail. A monitor device 21 is installed at the right front corner of the cab 4. Since the monitor device 21 is used for multiple purposes, the monitor device 21 includes a display unit 66 having various monitor functions and a switch unit 67 having a plurality of switches to which multiple functions are assigned. The display 66 is a graphic display such as a liquid crystal display or a plasma display. The switch unit 67 includes a plurality of key switches, but is not limited thereto, and may be a touch panel type touch switch.

  In addition, in front of a driver seat 61 provided in a substantially central portion of the cab 4, left and right traveling operation levers 63a and 63b as traveling operation means 62 for operating the lower traveling body 2 are provided. Work machine operation levers 64 and 65 are provided as the operation lever 13 for operating the work machine 5 (boom 6, arm 7, bucket 8) and turning the upper swing body 3, respectively. Connected to these operating levers are respective pilot pressure control valves 12 (see FIG. 1) for operating the work machine cylinders 9, 10, 11, the turning motor 38, and the left and right traveling motors 37a, 37b. .

  As shown in FIG. 1, the monitor device 21, the controller 20, and the engine controller 22 are connected via a bidirectional communication cable 23 to form a communication network within the work machine 1. That is, the monitor device 21, the controller 20, and the engine controller 22 can transmit and receive information to and from each other via the network communication cables 23 and 23. Each of the monitor device 21, the controller 20, and the engine controller 22 is mainly composed of a computer device such as a microcomputer. Note that these may be configured by one (common) computer device.

  In addition, information can be transmitted and received between the controller 20 and the external monitoring station 76, and in this embodiment, communication is performed via satellite communication. That is, a communication terminal 71 having a satellite communication antenna 72 is connected to the controller 20, and a network control unit connected to a communication earth station 74 communicating with the communication satellite 73 through a dedicated communication line is connected to the ground monitoring station 76 through a dedicated line. A station 75 is connected via the Internet or the like. Thereby, the controller 20 transmits / receives data to / from a predetermined monitoring station 76 via the communication terminal 71, the communication satellite 73, the satellite earth station 74, and the network control station 75.

  Next, details of a specific display method of the display device according to the present invention will be described.

  The controller 20 calculates and predicts the fatigue damage amount and the remaining life of each part and each component of the work machine 1 based on the detection signal of each sensor and the input information from the engine controller 22, and calculates the calculated fatigue damage. If there is something that exceeds the reference value by comparing the amount and remaining life with the preset reference value, the operating method and work method at that time will affect the life and durability, In order to improve the operation and work method, the guidance display for improving the durability is output to indicate the matters to be improved.

  Hereinafter, some examples will be described.

  4 and 5 show examples of guidance display related to the traveling operation. FIG. 4 is an actual measurement data graph representing the frequency of occurrence of the traveling motors 37a and 37b with respect to the load pressure, and FIG. 5 is a guidance example regarding traveling based on the determination at that time. Here, the horizontal axis in FIG. 4 is the load pressure of the left and right traveling motors 37a and 37b detected by the pressure sensors 16a and 16b, and the vertical axis is the sampling input of the load pressure by the controller 20 every predetermined sampling period time. The ratio of the time when the load pressure per unit time is detected (expressed in frequency, and so on). A one-dot chain line represents a standard load frequency (reference value) for achieving the life, and a solid line represents the actual load frequency at that time.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the controller 20 takes the travel motor load pressure every predetermined sampling cycle time during the travel operation, and the load pressure is included in any level among a plurality of levels divided for each predetermined level range. And the frequency of the corresponding level is updated (one count is incremented for each determination). Then, the actually measured load frequency curve is compared with the standard load frequency curve. When the actually measured load frequency curve exceeds the standard load frequency curve, the travel motors 37a and 37b are overloaded. Accordingly, it is determined that the traveling drive system mechanism such as the traveling motor, the traveling gear, the sprocket, and the crawler belt is overloaded. At this time, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the controller 20 displays guidance on the display 66 of the monitor device 21 for the operator to “suppress extreme traveling to prevent overload of the traveling drive system”. .

  As a method of displaying the guidance, for example, a message such as “... refrain from high-speed driving” is displayed in red or blinking to attract the operator's attention strongly. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the message contents are expressed using symbolic graphics, so that it can be communicated to the operator in an easy-to-understand manner. Furthermore, since the voice generator is provided and the voice of the message is output by this voice generator, the operator can understand the message contents without looking at the display 66 during the work, so that the work is not interrupted. Good sex.

  Note that the method of determining whether the operation is good or not according to the present embodiment is not limited to the method of comparing the entire actual load frequency curve and the standard load frequency curve as described above. For example, the frequency at which the load pressure of the traveling motor is relieved, that is, the frequency at which the load pressure higher than the traveling motor relief pressure is applied (the shaded area in FIG. 4) is compared with the standard load frequency. The guidance may be displayed when the frequency at which the load pressure is applied exceeds the standard load frequency.

  Further, since only the guidance display as shown in FIG. 5 does not tell the operator which part of the actual operation is not good, according to the operator's display request (for example, by operating the switch unit 67 of the monitor device 21). It is preferable to display detailed measured data as shown in FIG.

  Next, based on FIG.6 and FIG.7, the example of the guidance regarding simultaneous operation of an arm and turning is demonstrated. FIG. 6 is a history graph of the frequency of occurrence of high load pressure of the arm and swirling with respect to the elapsed time. The horizontal axis represents the elapsed time, and the vertical axis represents the load frequency per unit time (unit is, for example, 100 times) It is a unit frequency count). Here, the solid line indicates the measured high load pressure frequency of the arm, the broken line indicates the measured high load pressure frequency of the swing, the alternate long and short dash line indicates the standard high load pressure frequency (reference value) of the arm, and the two-dot chain line indicates the standard of the swing Each high load pressure frequency (reference value) is shown. Note that the standard high load pressure frequency of this arm and swivel depends on the type of work (heavy work, light work, breaker work, crushed stone work, civil engineering work, etc.) that can be set with a predetermined setting switch (not shown). The setting value may be set in advance, or may be set by operating the switch unit 67 of the monitor device 21, for example.

  The controller 20 takes in the arm load pressure detected by the pressure sensors 18a and 18b and the swivel load pressure detected by a pressure sensor (not shown) when the work implement operation levers 64 and 65 are operated. The number of times (frequency) when the load pressure becomes equal to or higher than the corresponding high pressure determination reference pressure is counted, and the counted frequency per unit time is stored in time series. FIG. 6 represents this as a history graph. If the arm load frequency does not exceed the standard high load pressure frequency but the swing load frequency exceeds the standard high load pressure frequency, an overload is applied to the swing. On the other hand, it is determined that the work that is performed by the arm, that is, the so-called turning broom work is being performed. Since this operation is one of the operations for reducing the life of the arm, at this time, for example, guidance as shown in FIG. 7 is displayed to instruct to suppress the turning broom operation method. Furthermore, based on the operator's display request (for example, by operating the switch unit 67 of the monitor device 21), the detailed history data of the results as shown in FIG. 6 can be displayed on the monitor device 21. It can be seen at a glance whether the operation performed is not good, and it is immediately fed back to the improvement of the operator's operation method and work method, and it is also effective for operator operation education.

  Next, based on FIG.8 and FIG.9, the example of guidance regarding the height work of a boom and an arm is demonstrated. In FIG. 8A, the horizontal axis represents the stress value of the boom, the vertical axis represents the stress frequency, the solid line represents the actually measured boom stress frequency, and the alternate long and short dash line represents the reference value of the boom stress frequency. The horizontal axis in FIG. 8B represents the actual height of the boom and arm, and the vertical axis represents the working height frequency at that position, and the horizontal axis in FIG. 8C represents the arm and bucket. The measured load pressure, and the vertical axis represents the load pressure frequency of the arm and bucket.

  During actual work, the controller 20 detects the turning angle detected by the turning angle sensor 50, the vehicle body inclination angle detected by the inclination angle sensor 48, the boom angle sensor 51, the arm angle sensor 52, and the bucket angle sensor 53. An angle is input, and the posture of the work implement and the height of the tip of the boom 6 and arm 7 (that is, the bucket 8) are obtained by calculation based on these angle data. Then, as shown in FIG. 8B, the work machine height frequency corresponding to the heights of the boom 6 and the arm 7 obtained at every predetermined sampling cycle time is counted. Further, at this time, the stress applied to the boom 6 is detected at a predetermined sampling period by the strain gauge, for example, and as shown in FIG. 8A, the boom stress frequency corresponding to the stress value is counted, and the bucket 8 And the respective load pressures of the arm 7 are detected by the pressure sensors 17a, 17b, 18a, 18b, etc. at a predetermined sampling period, and the load pressure frequencies of the bucket 8 and the arm 7 are detected as shown in FIG. Count.

  Next, while the boom 6 and the arm 7 are working at a high work position of a predetermined height H or higher, as shown in FIG. 8A, the stress of the arm and the boom is a predetermined value σ0 or more, Moreover, it is checked whether the stress frequency is higher than a predetermined value (indicated by a one-point difference line). Further, at this time, as shown in FIG. 8C, it is checked whether the load pressure of the arm 7 and the bucket 8 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value and the frequency of the high load pressure is higher than the predetermined value. When these conditions are satisfied, the crushing operation (so-called “upper scraping”) is performed by hitting the high position of the work object (building, rock wall, etc.) with the bucket 8 or the arm 7 at a high position of the boom 6 and the arm 7. It is presumed that the drop work is being performed. If the “crushed stone” work is set by a work type setting switch (not shown), the work content is determined in consideration of this condition. Such work is usually recommended to be avoided as one of the unfavorable work because it is likely to overload the work machine. Therefore, if it is determined that the crushing work is performed at such a high place, a guidance display as shown in FIG. 9 is displayed to stop the upper scraping work method.

  Next, based on FIG.10 and FIG.11, the example of the guidance regarding how to use an arm is demonstrated. FIG. 10 shows the trend of the accumulated fatigue damage amount of the arm, and FIG. 11 shows the trend of the arm damage amount within the latest predetermined time. Here, the horizontal axis in FIG. 10 represents the vehicle usage time of the service meter, the vertical axis represents the amount of arm accumulated damage from the start of use, and M is the life set time set in advance according to the work type. The corresponding accumulated damage amount is represented, the solid line represents the actual value of the arm accumulated damage amount, and the broken line represents the preset target accumulated damage amount. In addition, the horizontal axis of FIG. 11 represents the progress within the latest predetermined time (for example, 10 hours), the vertical axis represents the arm damage amount at that time, the solid line represents the damage amount during actual operation, The broken line represents the allowable damage amount per unit time of the arm.

  The controller 20 obtains the stress σ applied to the arm 7 based on the mechanical strain amount of the arm 7 detected by the strain gauges 44a, 44b, and the mathematical expression (1) based on the stress σ and the occurrence frequency N thereof. Is used to calculate the damage amount D per unit time, and this is integrated according to the elapsed time to obtain the accumulated damage amount. When the trend graph in which the obtained accumulated damage amount is plotted with respect to the elapsed time as shown in FIG. 10 is displayed, the magnitude relationship between the difference between the actual accumulated damage amount and the target set value can be easily understood. When the actual accumulated damage exceeds the target set value, the controller 20 warns the operator that the life of the arm has become short, and displays a guidance message such as “Let's reduce arm overload work”. .

  The amount of damage per unit time is stored in time series according to the elapsed time, and the amount of damage for each stored time within the latest predetermined specified time (for example, the latest 10 hours) at each time point. And the permissible damage per unit time. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the difference is displayed. At each time, the allowable damage amount is compared with the actual damage amount, and when the actual damage amount exceeds the allowable damage amount (corresponding to the shaded portion in FIG. 11), the controller 20 For the usage of the work machine that reduces the life, for example, guidance such as “It is hard to use the arm” or “Let's reduce the load on the arm” is displayed.

  Here, the stress value of each part used for calculation of the damage amount of each part may be obtained based on the strain amount detected by the strain gauge as described above, or driven by the load pressure of each actuator and the actuator. The relationship with the mechanical strain amount of the part to be obtained is obtained from experimental data in advance, and during actual operation, the strain amount of each part is indirectly calculated from the load pressure of each actuator, thereby obtaining the stress value at that time It goes without saying that it may be done.

  Next, an embodiment in which the arithmetic processing in the controller 20 as described above is performed by the monitoring station 76 will be described. In other words, the monitoring station 76 takes in each piece of performance information related to the durability of the work machine from the controller 20, and based on the result information, loads related to the durability of each component, each part and the work machine itself as described above. The pressure frequency, damage amount trend, accumulated damage amount trend, high load frequency, and the like are obtained, and graphic display data of these data is transmitted to the controller 20 by satellite communication. Further, the monitoring station 76 performs overload determination and life prediction based on the above-mentioned performance information and graphic display data, and provides guidance for improving durability and improving work method based on this determination and prediction by satellite communication. To the controller 20. The controller 20 may display these graphic display data and guidance display on the display 66 of the monitor device 21.

  In the above embodiment, by displaying these guidances, the operator can immediately understand which operation and which work method is a problem for durability deterioration on the spot, so that training and self-development for improving durability can be performed. Easy to do. In addition, since problems in work are clarified in the operation for each operator, managers (managers, etc.) of the work machine can concretely implement measures for improving these problems, and can reliably improve durability. .

  The load pressure frequency data of each part, the accumulated damage amount and the latest damage amount trend data, the high load pressure frequency history data of the actuator, etc. are displayed in graphic representation, so it is easy for the operator to understand and understand Improvement is achieved, and durability can be improved more reliably.

  The guidance display and the operation status display for the last several hours described so far are automatically performed when the controller 20 detects performance information such as an operation or work method related to a decrease in durability. It may be displayed in response to a display request by an operator's switch operation or the like, or may be displayed based on past performance information when the engine is stopped, that is, at the end of work.

  Also, when the power key switch is turned on (that is, when starting the engine), do not perform general prohibited work (swivel broom work, shocking upper scraping work, etc.) as described in the instruction manual. Further, if guidance is displayed on the display 66 of the monitor device 21 to alert the operator, the durability of the work machine can be further improved.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is effective as a display device for a work machine because it has an effect of allowing an operator or administrator to know a specific operation method or machine usage method for improving the durability of each component or the machine itself. is there.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hydraulic excavator (work machine), 2 ... Lower traveling body, 2a ... Track frame, 3 ... Upper turning body, 3a ... Turning frame, 4 ... Driver's cab, 5 ... Working machine, 6 ... Boom, 7 ... Arm, 8 ... Bucket, 9 ... Boom cylinder, 10 ... Arm cylinder, 11 ... Bucket cylinder, 12 ... Pilot pressure operation valve, 13 ... Operation lever, 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b, 18a, 18b, 19a, 19b ... Pressure sensor, 20 ... Controller, 21 ... Monitoring device, 22 ... Engine controller, 23 ... Network communication cable, 25 ... Engine, 26 ... Fuel injection pump, 27 ... Engine speed sensor, 31a, 31b, 32a, 32b, 33a, 33b, 34 ... Hydraulic pumps, 35a, 35b, 36 ... pressure sensors, 37a, 37b ... left and right traveling motors, 41a, 41b, 2a, 42b, 43a, 43b ... strain gauge, 44a, 44b ... strain gauge, 45a, 45b ... strain gauge, 46, 47a, 47b ... acceleration sensor, 48 ... tilt angle sensor, 49a, 49b, 49c, 49d ... strain gauge , 50 ... turning angle sensor, 51 ... boom angle sensor, 52 ... arm angle sensor, 53 ... bucket angle sensor, 62 ... traveling operation means, 63a, 63b ... left and right traveling operation lever, 64, 65 ... work implement operating lever, 66 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Display, 67 ... Switch part, 68 ... Sound generator, 71 ... Communication terminal, 72 ... Satellite communication antenna, 73 ... Communication satellite, 74 ... Communication satellite, 75 ... Network control station, 76 ... Monitoring station.

Claims (9)

Performance information collection means for collecting performance information related to the durability of work machines;
Work content determination means for determining operation of the work machine and / or work method based on the result information collected by the result information collection means;
The setting value at the time of the standard work set in advance according to the operation of the work machine and / or the work method determined by the work content determination means, the result information data collected by the result information collection means, or the result information data Display means for displaying the difference between the actual calculation data obtained based on the calculation based on the difference between the two,
A display device for a work machine, comprising: The display device for a work machine according to claim 1,
A display of a work machine characterized in that when the result information data or the result calculation data is larger than a set value at the time of the standard work, the display means displays a prompt for improvement of operation and / or work method. apparatus. The display device for a work machine according to claim 1,
A display device for a working machine, wherein the display means is provided in a monitor device provided in a cab. The display device for a work machine according to claim 1,
A display device for a working machine, comprising: a sound generator for expressing the difference so as to understand the difference. The display device for a work machine according to claim 1,
A display device for a work machine, comprising: transmission means for transmitting performance information related to durability of the work machine to an external base station.   The display device for a work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
  The display device for a work machine, wherein the operation and / or work method includes a traveling operation.   The display device for a work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
  The work machine is a hydraulic excavator;
  The work machine operation and / or work method includes simultaneous operation of arm and swivel.   The display device for a work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
  The work machine is a hydraulic excavator;
  The display device for a work machine, wherein the operation of the work machine and / or the work method includes a high-altitude work of a boom and an arm.   The display device for a work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
  The work machine is a hydraulic excavator;
  The display device for a work machine, wherein the operation of the work machine and / or the work method includes use of an arm.

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