JP4986102B2 - Fire extinguishing apparatus and fire extinguishing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing apparatus and a fire extinguishing method for effectively extinguishing various fires caused by a wide range of causes.

As a conventional fire extinguishing method, a method of cooling a fire extinguishing target object by cooling water by injecting water onto the extinguishing target object and extinguishing the fire is common and widely used .
However, how to extinguish the fire by spraying water is required a large amount of water, sufficient fire fighting is difficult in a difficult place to ensure the water supply source.

  In addition, even if water is discharged to a burning object, water that touches a non-flat object such as a wall will flow down instantaneously unless the object is flat, such as a floor. In addition, there is a problem of water loss such as damage to indoor equipment due to a large amount of water that has flowed down and leakage to the downstairs.

  As described above, various methods have been proposed to save the amount of water released for the purpose of performing fire extinguishing activities sufficiently even in places where water supply is insufficient and suppressing water loss. For example, there are a method using an impulse water gun that intermittently injects a small amount of water with air pressure, a method using a fog gun that nozzle-injects high-pressure water, and the like. These are methods for discharging water in the form of a mist, and there is also a method in which mist-like injection is continuously performed by a two-fluid nozzle that mixes and injects air and water (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  In any case, these conventional methods were devised based on the stance of reducing the amount of water used by making a large amount of water in the form of a mist or intermittent jetting. I can expect.

  In addition, by using ice or dry ice lumps or ice pieces instead of water, the use of latent heat by melting or sublimation of low-temperature solids is attempted, and the amount of cooling heat used is increased compared to the sensible heat utilization of water. A method has also been devised.

  However, these are solid objects that, after being sent to the object to be extinguished, will drop or melt down instantaneously due to the effect of gravity, sublimate in the case of dry ice, and therefore contact the object to be extinguished. It is the same as the case of fire extinguishing by water discharge in that it immediately leaves this fire extinguishing target. For this reason, fire extinguishing with low-temperature solids is not much different from fire extinguishing with water discharge.

  Furthermore, in order to prevent the spread of fire, water is discharged to the surroundings of the burning object and adjacent objects. In this case, too, the water remains as a thin water film on the surface. is required. In order to prevent the spread of fire, there is a problem of the necessity of a large number of manpower and firefighters with many water guns.

  Also, depending on the type of fire, such as oil fires and plastic fires, the fire extinguishing object burns in a liquid state, so that there is a possibility that the combustion substance diffuses due to water discharge and the reaction area is expanded instead.

  Furthermore, there is a technique in which sorbet-like ice is produced by containing fine particles of ice or jetting supercooled water, and the sherbet-like ice is used for extinguishing fire (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). The idea of cooling the fire-extinguishing object by adding fine particles of ice when discharging water to the fire-extinguishing object during combustion exceeds the technical idea of fire-extinguishing with a low-temperature solid material described above. It is not a thing.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-93536 (pages 1 to 10, FIGS. 1 to 11) JP 2002-130882 (4th page, FIG. 17)

  An object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing apparatus and a fire extinguishing method that solve the following problems with respect to the above-described conventional technology.

  Provided are a fire extinguishing apparatus and a fire extinguishing method capable of maintaining a state where ice fine particles as a fire extinguishing agent are in contact with a fire extinguishing target for a long time, and a sufficient fire extinguishing effect can be obtained with a small amount of water.

  As a fire extinguishing function, functions such as a suffocation effect and a negative catalyst effect are added in addition to the cooling effect, so that a more efficient fire extinguishing apparatus and extinguishing method can be provided.

Prevent water damage such as damage to indoor equipment and water leakage.
It is possible to effectively prevent the spread of fire and prevent secondary disasters.

  Provided are a fire extinguishing method and a fire extinguishing device that can sufficiently cope with a fire that is dangerous in conventional water fire extinguishing such as an oil fire and can perform an effective fire extinguishing.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the present invention (1) includes an ice fine particle manufacturing means and a conveying means for sending the fine particles to the injection nozzle and injecting the fine particles into the space. A fire extinguishing device configured to form an ice particle layer by attaching ice particles to the surface of the fire extinguishing object, and the average particle size of the ice particles that can be attached to the surface of the fire extinguishing object In the air stream after jetting, the surface melts and has moisture, and a water film is formed on the surface. The balance between the adhesion of the water film and the ice particles is extremely light, and the ice particles are the target. It is characterized by adhering without falling from the vertical surface of the object surface.

The fire-extinguishing apparatus of the present invention (2) includes water supply means for supplying fine particles of ice and transport means for sending the fine particles to the injection nozzle and injecting the fine particles into the space from the injection nozzle. Means for generating water-containing ice particles by mixing ice particles and water in the spray nozzle, and the water-containing ice particles adhere to the surface of the fire extinguishing object to form an ice particle layer. The fire extinguishing apparatus is configured so that the average particle size of the ice fine particles is a particle size that can be attached to the surface of the fire extinguishing object, and the surface melts in the airflow after the injection to remove moisture. It is characterized by the fact that a water film is formed on the surface, and that the ice particles adhere without falling from the vertical surface of the object surface, in combination with the adhesion force of the water film and the extremely light weight of the ice particles. .

The fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention (3) includes ice fine particle manufacturing means, and conveying means for sending the fine particles to the injection nozzle and injecting the fine particles into the space, and supplies heated gas to the injection nozzle. A heating gas supply means is provided, and ice fine particles and heated gas are mixed in the spray nozzle to melt a part of the ice fine particles, thereby generating water-containing ice fine particles. A fire extinguishing apparatus configured to form an ice particulate layer by attaching fine particles to the surface of the fire extinguishing object, and the average particle size of the ice fine particles is a particle size that can be attached to the surface of the fire extinguishing target In the air stream after jetting, the surface melts and has moisture, and a water film is formed on the surface. The balance between the adhesion of the water film and the ice particles is extremely light, and the ice particles are on the surface of the object. Falling from the vertical plane It is characterized by adhering without Rukoto.

In the fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention (4), the ice fine particle production means is composed of an ice making machine and an ice breaker.

The fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention (5) is configured such that the ice fine particle production means includes an ice breaker, and ice produced in advance is crushed by the ice breaker to generate ice fine particles.

The fire extinguishing apparatus according to the present invention (6) is characterized in that the ice particulate production means is provided with an ice storage tank, and when the fire is extinguished, the ice in the ice storage tank is generated with an ice breaker to produce ice particulates having a required particle size. Yes.

The fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention (7) is characterized in that the ice particulate production means is configured to break ice containing a fire extinguishing agent to produce ice particulates.

The fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention (8) includes the conveying means, an air supply means at the base end of the conveying pipe line provided with the ejection nozzle at the tip, and ice fine particles generated by the ice fine particle producing means. It is provided with a fine particle input means for supplying in the middle of the conveyance pipeline.

The fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention (9) includes the conveying means, an air supply means at a proximal end of a conveying pipe line provided with the ejection nozzle at the tip, and ice fine particles generated by the ice fine particle producing means. A fine particle charging means is provided in the middle of the conveyance pipe, and the conveyance pipe is constituted by a double pipe, and the fine particles of ice are conveyed by the inner pipe and the water of the water supply means is discharged by the outer pipe. It is configured to be conveyed.

The fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention (10) is characterized in that the air supply means is configured to send incombustible gas such as nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas.

The fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention (11) is characterized in that the transport means is provided with a cooling device for precooling the gas for transporting fine particles.

The fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention (12) is configured to mix a fire extinguishing agent in the water in the water supply means.

In the fire extinguishing method of the present invention (13), ice fine particles are jetted from a jet nozzle into a space, and the sprayed ice fine particles adhere to the surface of the fire extinguishing object to form an ice fine particle layer. In addition to cooling by sensible heat and latent heat, the fire extinguishing target is covered with the same layer to shut off the supply of combustion air to the extinguishing target, and the surface melts and retains moisture in the airflow after injection. A water film is formed on the surface, and it is characterized in that the ice particles adhere without falling from the vertical surface of the object surface in consideration of the adhesion force of the water film and the ice particles being extremely lightweight.

The fire extinguishing method of the present invention (14) is characterized in that the fine particles of ice are produced by crushing previously produced ice with an ice breaker.

The fire extinguishing method of the present invention (15) is configured such that water is mixed with the ice fine particles to form water-containing ice fine particles, and the adhesion force of the ice fine particle layer to the fire extinguishing target is improved. .

The fire extinguishing method according to the present invention (16) is configured so that a heating gas is mixed with the ice fine particles to form water-containing ice fine particles, and the adhesion force of the ice fine particle layer to the fire extinguishing target is improved. is there.

The fire extinguishing method of the present invention (17) is characterized in that the fine particles of ice are pumped by a gas pressure and jetted from the jet nozzle.

The fire extinguishing method of the present invention (18) is configured to pre-cool the gas for pressure feeding.

The fire extinguishing method of the present invention (19) is configured such that the pressure-feeding gas is a nonflammable gas such as nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas.

In the fire extinguishing method of the present invention (20), an outer pipe surrounding the pipe is provided outside the pipe for sending the fine particles of ice to the injection nozzle, and is constituted by a double pipe, and water is circulated through the outer pipe. It is configured to prevent the ice fine particles conveyed by the inner tube from being melted by external heat.

The fire extinguishing method of the present invention (21) is configured such that water flowing through the outer pipe is mixed with ice fine particles by the spray nozzle to form water-containing ice fine particles.

The fire-extinguishing method of the present invention (22) is characterized in that a fire-extinguishing agent is mixed in the ice fine particles.

The fire-extinguishing method of the present invention (23) is characterized in that a fire-extinguishing agent is mixed in water for mixing with the ice fine particles and containing water.

According to the present invention, the sprayed ice fine particles efficiently adhere to the surface of the fire extinguishing object in a layered manner to form an ice fine particle layer, and thus the ice fine particles remain on the surface of the fire extinguishing target object during combustion. The sensible heat of 0 ° C or below 0 ° C and the latent heat of melting efficiently cools the object to be extinguished and the fire is effectively extinguished, and the ice particle layer covers the surface of the object to be extinguished, so it is burning The air supply to the target object is cut off, and the fire extinguishing action due to the suffocation effect by this air cut-off can also be exhibited.

  Therefore, the amount of water required for fire extinguishing can be significantly reduced compared to conventional fire extinguishing by water discharge, and fire extinguishing activities can be performed smoothly in places where it is difficult to secure water for fire extinguishing. Water loss such as damage, leakage to the downstairs, and flooding can be minimized.

In addition to the fire extinguishing object during combustion, an ice particle layer is formed on the surface of surrounding buildings and structures where there is a risk of spreading fire, and piping in the case of a factory fire is covered with an ice particle layer to cool it By doing so, secondary disasters such as fire spread can be effectively prevented. Furthermore, for fire extinguishing objects that are complex in shape and have a space between them, the injected ice particles are not only on the side facing the injection side, but the gas on the downstream surface of the combustion object accompanying the gas flow of the injection flow Since the entrainment phenomenon and the fine particles are very fine, the fine particles can wrap around and adhere to the opposite side of the gas flow, which was not possible with conventional water discharge or fire extinguishing with a low-temperature solid. Fire extinguishing is possible.

Furthermore, since the ice particle layer adhering to the fire extinguishing object remains attached to the fire extinguishing object for a certain period of time after the extinguishing operation is completed, it is possible to prevent re-ignition.

In addition, even in the case of a fire caused by a liquid combustion product such as an oil fire, not only can a layer of ice particulates be formed on the surface of the combustion product to extinguish the suffocation of the combustion product, but also the surroundings of the combustion product It is possible to suppress the diffusion of the combustion products by depositing the ice particles on the surface, and thus it is possible to prevent the expansion of the fire area.

  Furthermore, in a structure that transports ice particulates and water to the injection nozzle by a double pipe with a conduit for supplying water outside the conduit for supplying ice particulates, the radiant heat of fire and the adhering of scattered matter As a result, it is possible to prevent the cold heat of the ice fine particles from being damaged in the conveyance pipe line, and the cold heat of the ice fine particles can be effectively used for fire fighting activities.

  In addition, by deploying the fire extinguishing device of the present invention at a disaster prevention base such as a fire department, it can be effectively used for both ice replenishment and emergency use at the time of disaster, and engage in fire fighting activities at the fire extinguishing site. Although it is a secondary effect that it can also be applied to cold supply to security equipment that requires cold, such as a cooling vest for members, there is also a merit that it has various practical uses.

Embodiments of a fire extinguishing apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail based on specific examples shown in the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the basic configuration of an apparatus according to the present invention. Ice fine particles produced by ice fine particle producing means 1 are sent to an injection nozzle 3 by a conveying means 2 and are extinguished from the tip outlet of the nozzle. ice particles 5 towards 4 is released, and is configured to form ice particulates layer 6 before Symbol surface of the object 4.

  As a specific configuration of the ice fine particle production means 1, there is a method using an ice maker 7 and an ice breaker 8 as shown in FIG. 2, and the ice maker 7 reduces the flow of water on the surface of the rotating drum. Various types of hitherto known configurations can be used, such as a break ice machine that forms ice pieces separated by ice making, and a harvest type ice machine that produces ice pieces in a slightly thick ice plate. The ice is made into a suitable size by an ice breaker 8.

  Note that the ice pieces to be applied to the ice breaker may be natural snow or ice, or commercially available ice cubes, instead of the ice produced by the ice making machine 7.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, in terms of equipment capacity, ice pieces (or ice blocks) are stored in the ice storage tank 9, and the ice pieces are transported to an ice crusher at the time of use to be crushed and made into fine particles. There is also. In this case, since the use frequency interval for fire extinguishing is long, it is not necessary to make ice in a short time, and when the ice making machine 7 is used, the equipment power can be reduced and the equipment cost can be reduced. There is a merit.

  FIG. 4 shows a configuration in which a fire extinguishing agent is mixed into ice fine particles. When producing ice pieces or ice blocks by the ice making machine 7 or other means, halides (iodine, bromine) having negative catalytic action in the feed water are shown. , Fluorine, chlorine, etc.), chemicals having a fire extinguishing action such as potassium carbonate and phosphate are mixed, and the chemicals are mixed in ice to be made. In addition, as long as the chemical | medical agent to add has a fire extinguishing effect, things other than what was enumerated above can also be utilized.

Next, a specific example of the ice particle conveying means 2 in the apparatus according to the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5, the conveying means 2 is provided with a compressor 10 as an air supply means at the base end and a conveying pipe line 11 having an injection nozzle 3 connected to the tip, and the ice fine particles are in the middle of the conveying pipe line. A fine particle charging means for charging ice fine particles from the manufacturing means 1 is provided. For example, a rotary feeder 12 is used as the charging means. The air supply means may use a blower in addition to the compressor 10.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, an ejector 13 is used as the fine particle input means, or a cooling device 14 is provided in the intake passage of the air supply means such as a compressor to convey ice fine particles by precooled air. In some cases, the ice fine particles can be prevented from melting as much as possible to effectively use the cold heat of the ice fine particles, and at the same time, the clogging in the conveying pipe 11 can be prevented.

  The conveying means 2 is usually configured to send air by the compressor 10 or a blower. However, in some cases, the fire extinguishing action may be improved by using nitrogen or carbon dioxide, which is a nonflammable gas, instead of air. .

  The action of the ice fine particles 5 adhering to the fire extinguishing target 4 to form the ice fine particle layer 6 by the fire extinguisher having the above-described configuration will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the ice particles 5 are different from ice pieces in that the ambient temperature may be in a high temperature state due to combustion in the airflow after injection, the surface melts and has moisture, and the surface has water. A film 5a is formed, and the ice particles 5 adhere without falling from the surface of the object 4 in consideration of the adhesion force of the water film and the fact that the ice particles are extremely light.

  In addition, since the surface of the object during or immediately after combustion has a higher temperature and a larger heat capacity, the contacted ice particles are further melted from the object side to increase the water content, but have a latent heat of melting of ice. Therefore, since the ice particles are not melted instantaneously and a large amount of ice particles are scattered and deposited one after another, they are not completely melted, and the ice particles are deposited in layers to form the ice particle layer 6. Therefore, the sensible heat and latent heat of the ice fine particles act sufficiently on the amount of combustion heat. In addition, since the ice particle layer covers the surface of the object, a suffocation effect by blocking the air can be expected, and the fire can be effectively extinguished.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), even if the fire extinguishing object 4 has a vertical surface such as a wall, the ice fine particles 5 are sufficiently adhered to improve the fire extinguishing effect, and water Since the amount of use can also be suppressed, there is less risk that a large amount of fire-fighting water will flow down from the object 4 and cause water damage as in the conventional case shown for comparison in FIG.

  Even if the shape of the fire extinguishing object 4 is complicated and has a space between them, as shown in FIG. 9, the fine particles of ice are brought upstream of the airflow by the jetting airflow. Although it adheres, an entrainment flow occurs on the downstream side of the air flow, and the ice fine particles wrap around on the downstream side of the air flow and adhere thereto. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently extinguish even a complex-shaped fire extinguishing object.

By the way, in the present invention, fire extinguishing includes not only extinguishing a target object that is actually burning, but also taking measures to prevent the spread of fire on an object such as a building or structure that has not yet burned. As described above, the fine particles of ice are discharged to the other house 16 adjacent to the house 15 in flame by the apparatus and method of the present invention, and the ice is applied to the surface such as the floor surface (horizontal surface) and the wall surface (vertical surface). The fine particle layer 6 can be formed and covered to exhibit a fire prevention function.

  In addition, for fires in fuel tanks such as oil tank fires, it has been a common fire extinguishing activity to perform suffocation effects such as injection of nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas and cooling by discharging water to the outside of the tank. These suffocation effects cannot be obtained as expected when the air flow phenomenon in the tank due to a severe fire is intense as in the case of a fire in a tank of a RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) facility.

However, even in such a tank fire, as shown in FIG. 11, the effect of covering the surface of the combustion product 18 in the tank 17 with the ice fine particle layer 6 is reliable, and the suffocation can be extinguished. The improvement of the cooling effect by the ice fine particle layer 6 adhered to the wall surface can also be expected.

In the case of an oil fire, as shown in FIG. 12B, when the water is discharged to the petroleum 19, the combustion surface may spread and spread, but in the case of fire extinguishing with ice fine particles, FIG. As shown in (a), since the ice fine particle layer 6 can be deposited on the surface of the petroleum 19, the spread of the liquefied state due to deposition on the surroundings can be prevented, and cooling and suffocation by direct deposition on the combustion surface. The effect can be expected. In some cases , the ice fine particle layer 6 is deposited in the shape of a bank around the petroleum so that the effect of preventing the spread of fire can be further improved.

  By the way, the above-mentioned adhesion phenomenon of the ice fine particles to the fire extinguishing object is complicatedly influenced by various factors. Originally, the relationship between the size of the ice fine particles that do not contain moisture until they are ejected from the nozzle and the adhesion action depends on the air temperature in the air stream, the scattering distance, and the amount of heat generated by the fire extinguishing target. That is, the difference in the degree of melting of the particles affects, and under the conditions of high-temperature air, long-distance scattering, and high exothermic strength of the object that are excessively melting in the airflow, those with a small particle size melt. However, when the particle size is large, even particles having a large size such as an average particle size of several millimeters are attached. Therefore, it is difficult to clearly grasp the relationship between the adhesion of ice particles and the particle size.

  However, in order to efficiently attach ice particles to the fire extinguishing target, the moisture content is not expected to change due to melting in the air or the heat generated by the combustion surface. It is desirable to adjust the rate to control the most favorable adhesion action, and specific examples thereof will be described below.

  In the apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. 13, the spray nozzle 3 is composed of a mixing nozzle, water is supplied to the nozzle by water supply means 20 different from the ice fine particles sent to the nozzle by the transport means 2, and the ice fine particles are generated by the nozzle. For example, the water supply means is constituted by a water pump 21 and a water supply pipe 22, for example.

  In the apparatus of the above-described embodiment, the water supply pipe 22 of the water supply means 20 and the conveyance pipe line 11 of the ice particulate conveyance means 2 are individually configured, but these are configured by the double pipe 23 as shown in FIG. In some cases, ice fine particles are allowed to flow in the inner tube 23a, and water is allowed to flow in the outer tube 23b around the inner surface.

  As a result, the two pipes are combined into one, making it easier to handle the pipes during fire extinguishing activities, and the radiant heat from the flame and the heat of the scattered combustion products reach the ice particles. There is an advantage that the cold heat of the ice particles can be effectively used.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 15, a fire extinguishing agent may be added to the water mixed with the ice fine particles. In this case, as in the case where the fire extinguishing agent is mixed into the ice shown in FIG. Incorporating a fire-extinguishing agent such as a halide having a negative catalytic action (iodine, bromine, fluorine, chlorine, etc.), potassium carbonate or phosphate.

  In the embodiment described above, the water content of the ice fine particles is adjusted by adding water to the ice fine particles. However, the ice fine particles are brought into contact with the heated air (gas) so that the surface of the ice fine particles or a part of the ice fine particles. May be configured to melt and adjust the water content.

  In the case of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, as the heated gas supply means 24, the distal end of an air supply pipe 26 having a blower 25 at the proximal end is connected to the injection nozzle 3, and an electric heater is provided in the middle of the air supply pipe 26. When the ice particles are discharged from the injection nozzle or in contact with the heated gas in the nozzle, the heating means 27 is sent to the fire extinguishing target in a state containing the necessary moisture.

  When the apparatus of this embodiment is used on a self-propelled vehicle such as a fire truck, the heat discharged from the engine of the self-propelled vehicle is used as the heat source of the heating means 27, or the heat of the exhaust gas is used. Sometimes.

The figure which shows the basic composition of the apparatus which concerns on this invention. The block diagram which shows the specific example of an ice fine particle manufacturing means. The block diagram of the ice particle manufacturing means in the case of providing an ice storage tank. The figure which shows a structure in the case of mixing a fire extinguishing chemical | medical agent into ice particulates. The block diagram which shows an example of a conveyance means. The block diagram which shows the other example of a conveying means. The figure which shows the effect | action which ice fine particles adhere to a fire extinguishing target object. The figure which shows the example of fire extinguishing by adhesion of ice particulates. Explanatory drawing of the adhesion effect | action of the ice fine particle with respect to the target object of a complicated shape. Explanatory drawing in the case of using the apparatus and method of this invention for fire spread prevention. Sectional drawing which shows the state of the fire extinguishing by this invention in a tank fire. Sectional drawing which shows the state of the fire extinguishing by this invention in an oil fire. The block diagram which shows the other example of the apparatus which concerns on this invention. The block diagram which shows the further another example of the apparatus which concerns on this invention. The block diagram which shows the further another example of the apparatus which concerns on this invention. The block diagram which shows the further another example of the apparatus which concerns on this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ice particulate production means 2 Ice particulate conveyance means 3 Injection nozzle 4 Fire extinguishing object 5 Ice particulate 6 Ice particulate layer 7 Ice making machine 8 Ice breaker 9 Ice storage tank 10 Compressor 11 Conveyance line 12 Rotary feeder 13 Ejector 14 Cooling devices 15 and 16 House 17 Tank 18 Combustion 19 Petroleum 20 Water supply means 21 Water pump 22 Water supply pipe 23 Double pipe 24 Heated gas supply means 25 Blower 26 Air supply pipe 27 Heating means

Claims (23)

And the fine particles produced means of ice, it sends the microparticles to the injection nozzle, and a conveying means to inject into the space from the injection nozzle, so that the fine particles of the injected ice to form ice particulates layer adhered to extinguish the object surface A fire extinguishing device configured as follows:
The average particle size of the ice fine particles is a particle size that can be attached to the surface of the fire extinguishing object ,
In the airflow after jetting, the surface melts and has moisture, and a water film is formed on the surface. The balance between the adhesion of the water film and the ice particles is extremely light, and the ice particles are on the surface of the object. A fire extinguishing apparatus that adheres without falling from the vertical surface of the fire. A means for producing fine particles of ice, and a conveying means for sending the fine particles to the injection nozzle and ejecting the fine particles from the injection nozzle into the space, and a water supply means for supplying water to the injection nozzle. A fire extinguisher configured to produce water-containing ice fine particles by mixing water fine particles and water, and the water-containing ice fine particles adhere to the surface of the fire extinguishing object to form an ice fine particle layer. There,
The average particle size of the ice fine particles is a particle size that can be attached to the surface of the fire extinguishing object ,
In the airflow after jetting, the surface melts and has moisture, and a water film is formed on the surface. The balance between the adhesion of the water film and the ice particles is extremely light, and the ice particles are on the surface of the object. A fire extinguishing apparatus that adheres without falling from the vertical surface of the fire. A means for producing fine particles of ice, and a conveying means for sending the fine particles to the injection nozzle and injecting the fine particles into the space, and further comprising a heating gas supply means for supplying a heating gas to the injection nozzle, the injection nozzle The ice particles are mixed with the heated gas to melt some of the ice particles to produce water-containing ice particles, and the water-containing ice particles adhere to the surface of the fire extinguishing object. A fire extinguisher configured to form an ice particulate layer,
The average particle size of the ice fine particles is a particle size that can be attached to the surface of the fire extinguishing object ,
In the airflow after jetting, the surface melts and has moisture, and a water film is formed on the surface. The balance between the adhesion of the water film and the ice particles is extremely light, and the ice particles are on the surface of the object. A fire extinguishing apparatus that adheres without falling from the vertical surface of the fire. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the ice fine particle manufacturing means comprises an ice maker and an ice breaker. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the ice fine particle manufacturing means includes an ice crusher, and is configured to crush pre-produced ice with the ice crusher to generate ice fine particles. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein an ice storage tank is provided in the ice particulate production means, and when the fire is extinguished, the ice inside the ice storage tank is generated by an ice crusher with a required particle diameter. apparatus. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the ice fine particle producing means generates ice fine particles by crushing ice containing a fire extinguishing agent. The conveying means includes an air supply means at a proximal end of a conveying pipe line provided with the ejection nozzle at a distal end, and supplies fine particles of ice generated by the ice fine particle producing means in the middle of the conveying pipe line. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , comprising means. The conveying means includes an air supply means at a proximal end of a conveying pipe line provided with the ejection nozzle at a distal end, and supplies fine particles of ice generated by the ice fine particle producing means in the middle of the conveying pipe line. And a transport pipe is formed of a double pipe, the ice fine particles are transported by an inner pipe, and the water of the water supply means is transported by an outer pipe. 2. A fire extinguishing apparatus according to 2 . The fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 8 or 9 , wherein the air supply means sends incombustible gas such as nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein the transport unit includes a cooling device that pre-cools the gas for transporting the fine particles. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a fire extinguishing agent is mixed in water in the water supply means. Ice fine particles with an average particle size that can be attached to the surface of the fire extinguishing object are sprayed into the space from the injection nozzle, and the sprayed ice fine particles adhere to the surface of the fire extinguishing target object to form an ice fine particle layer. In addition to cooling the ice in the same layer by sensible heat and latent heat, the supply of the combustion air to the fire extinguishing target is shut off by covering the fire extinguishing target with the same layer,
In the airflow after jetting, the surface melts and has moisture, and a water film is formed on the surface. The balance between the adhesion of the water film and the ice particles is extremely light, and the ice particles are on the surface of the object. A fire extinguishing method characterized by adhering without falling from the vertical surface of the water. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 13 , wherein the ice fine particles are generated by crushing previously produced ice with an ice breaker. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 13 , wherein water is mixed with the ice fine particles to form water-containing ice fine particles, and the adhesion of the ice fine particle layer to the fire extinguishing target is improved. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 13 , wherein a heating gas is mixed with the ice fine particles to form water-containing ice fine particles, and the adhesion of the ice fine particle layer to the fire extinguishing target is improved. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 13 , wherein the ice fine particles are pumped by a gas pressure and sprayed from the spray nozzle. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 17 , wherein the pressure-feeding gas is precooled. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 17 , wherein the pressure-feeding gas is an incombustible gas such as nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas. An outer pipe surrounding the pipe for sending the ice fine particles to the injection nozzle is provided as a double pipe, and the ice fine particles are conveyed by the inner pipe by circulating water through the outer pipe. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 17 , which is configured to prevent melting by external heat. 21. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 20 , wherein water flowing through the outer pipe is mixed with ice fine particles by the spray nozzle to form water-containing ice fine particles. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 13 , wherein a fire extinguishing agent is mixed into the ice fine particles. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 15 or 21 , wherein a fire extinguishing agent is mixed in the water.

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