JP4985074B2 - Speaker - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a speaker.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the conventional high-frequency speaker (tweeter) includes an equalizer 51 (phase equalizer), a baffle 52 (or frame) connected from the outer periphery of the diaphragm, a diaphragm 53, have.

  The equalizer 51 is disposed on the front surface of the diaphragm 53 with a predetermined gap, and has a disk shape or a donut shape. In this equalizer 51, since the sound wave emitted from the apex of the dome portion at the center of the diaphragm 53 and the sound wave emitted from the lower part of the dome are different in phase, sound wave interference occurs. For this reason, the equalizer 51 is arranged to adjust the phase interference, and the design is made to improve the frequency characteristics of the treble part of the treble speaker.

  A number of patent applications have been filed for techniques related to general equalizers or reflectors (reflectors). For example, an equalizer formed so as to cover a part of the front surface of the diaphragm with a certain gap from the outer periphery of the diaphragm is coupled to the periphery of the frame, and the sound wave emitted from the diaphragm is covered with the diaphragm. 2. Description of the Related Art A speaker with improved directivity is known that emits from a portion having no noise toward a specific direction (a direction having an angle) (see, for example, Patent Document 1). There is also known a speaker that uses a reflector (reflecting plate) to reflect sound waves and improves directivity in the direction opposite to the installation position of the reflector (for example, see Patent Document 2).

JP-A-6-311576 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-17691

  In many cases, a speaker, particularly a vehicle-mounted speaker, cannot hear sound in front of the speaker. In such a case, it is important to improve sound quality by flowing a necessary sound wave in a target direction that is not in front of the speaker, that is, in a direction where a person is present. However, the prior arts of Patent Documents 1 and 2 improve the directivity and the like, but cannot sufficiently cope with sound quality improvement such as a decrease in sound pressure.

  By the way, in general, the deterioration of directivity due to the diaphragm diameter of the speaker is represented by the following formula 1, that is, fc = 17000 / a [Hz] (where a: effective diaphragm) (Radius (cm)). From Equation 1, the tweeter with a diameter of 2.5 cm deteriorates the directivity at 13.6 kHz or higher, and it is difficult to improve the directivity at the frequency of 13.6 kHz or higher with the equalizer 51 or the reflector alone. The same type of problem occurs not only in high-sound speakers but also in middle-sound and low-sound speakers. However, especially in the case of a high-frequency speaker with a reduced diaphragm aperture, if the limit frequency is further increased, the diaphragm aperture is further reduced, so that the radiation area of the diaphragm is reduced and the sound pressure as the speaker is reduced. The level is lowered, and the radiation efficiency of the speaker is extremely lowered.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a speaker that improves the directivity in a direction off the front axis while preventing a decrease in sound pressure level. To do.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a speaker according to the present invention is coupled to a diaphragm, a first equalizer disposed at a center of the front surface of the diaphragm with a predetermined gap, and a baffle or a frame. while being disposed partially at the diaphragm with a predetermined gap therebetween so as to cover the plate, and a second equalizer arranged to protrude a central axis side from the outer peripheral side of the diaphragm, baffle Alternatively, the frame is divided into the inner region, which is a radially inner region including the second equalizer, and the outer region, which is the outer region, around the central axis of the diaphragm, and the inner region is divided with respect to the outer region. The relative rotation is possible .

  In another invention, in addition to the speaker of the invention described above, a surface of the second equalizer facing the central axis side of the diaphragm has a shape including a curve.

  In another invention, in addition to the speaker of the above-described invention, two second equalizers are arranged symmetrically so as to cover a part of the slope portion of the diaphragm.

  In another invention, in addition to the speaker of the above-described invention, the second equalizer is arranged in the same direction as the diameter direction of the first equalizer or orthogonal thereto.

  Furthermore, in another invention, in addition to the speaker of the above-described invention, the diaphragm is a balance dome type, and the second equalizer covers substantially half of the slope portion of the diaphragm and has a facing surface facing the diaphragm. It is a slope.

  Furthermore, in another invention, in addition to the speaker of the above-described invention, the first equalizer is coupled to the inner region.

  Furthermore, in another invention, in addition to the speaker of the above-described invention, either the vicinity of the outer peripheral portion in the inner region or the vicinity of the inner peripheral portion in the outer region has a curved or acute corner portion over the entire periphery. Concavities and convexities are continuously formed, and an engaging portion that engages with the concave and convex portions is formed on the other side near the outer peripheral portion in the inner region and the inner peripheral portion in the outer region.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the speaker which aimed at the improvement of the directivity of the direction off the front axis | shaft can be obtained, preventing the fall of a sound pressure level.

  Hereinafter, speakers according to first and second embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, a high-frequency speaker (hereinafter simply referred to as “speaker”) 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a speaker 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes an equalizer 11 (hereinafter referred to as “first equalizer 11”) similar to a conventional equalizer 51, a baffle 52, and the like. A similar baffle (or frame) 12 and a diaphragm 13 similar to the diaphragm 53 are provided. The speaker 10 includes a second equalizer 14 in addition to these configurations. The speaker 10 uses the first equalizer 11 to improve the frequency characteristic in the front axial direction of the speaker 10 by phase equivalence, and is applied to about 1/2 of the inclined surface portion 13a (see FIG. 4) of the diaphragm 13. The frequency characteristics in the direction deviating from the front axis are also improved by the two second equalizers 14 and 14 arranged opposite to each other.

  In other words, the first equalizer 11 is arranged at the center of the front surface of the diaphragm 13 with a predetermined gap with respect to the diaphragm 13 as in the prior art. The second equalizers 14 and 14 are coupled to the baffle 12 or the frame (here, the baffle 12 and the second equalizer 14 are integrally formed of the same material), and a part of the slope portion 13a of the diaphragm 13 And is arranged so as to face the diaphragm 13 with a predetermined gap on the front side. With the above-described configuration, the effective diaphragm radius a that determines the limit frequency fc can be equivalently reduced only in one direction. The first equalizer 11 is formed so as to be bridged on the diaphragm 13 by the connecting lines 15 and 15.

  In addition, as for the 2nd equalizers 14 and 14, the mutually opposing surface is made into the curve shape. However, the surfaces facing each other may have a combined shape of a curve and a straight line. As described above, when the outer shape (the shape viewed from the front side) of the surface toward the central axis of the diaphragm 13 of the second equalizer 14 is a curved shape, the diffraction of the sound wave radiated from the diaphragm 13 is also achieved. It is valid. However, the surfaces facing each other may have a straight line shape. More specifically, the opposing surfaces of the second equalizers 14 and 14 are, as shown in FIG. 3A, a curved portion 14a that is a curve and a straight portion that is a straight line. 14b, 14b, or only the curved portion 14a as shown in FIG. The side opposite to the opposing surface of the second equalizers 14 and 14 is preferably a tapered surface 14c whose thickness decreases toward the outside as shown in FIG. You may make it into a shape.

  In the speaker 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the second equalizers 14 and 14 are arranged in the direction perpendicular to the diameter direction of the first equalizer 11, that is, the direction of the connecting line 15. The second equalizers 14 and 14 may be arranged in the same direction as the diameter direction (in-line) as in the speaker 10A according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.

  In the speakers 10 and 10A according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the diaphragm 13 is a balance dome type 75 μm having a diaphragm aperture φ1 (see FIG. 4) of 30 mm. A film diaphragm is used. The voice coil diameter φ2 (see FIG. 4) combined with the diaphragm 13 is 14 mm, and the outer diameter of the first equalizer 11 is also 14 mm. Further, the second equalizer 14 is integrally formed of the same plastic as the baffle 12, and the distance D between the two second equalizers 14 and 14 disposed to face each other is set to 20 mm. By controlling the distance D, the limit frequency fc can be changed and the frequency characteristics can be adjusted.

  According to the above-described speakers 10 and 10A according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the limit frequency fc in a predetermined direction is determined by the size of the distance D between the second equalizers 14 and 14 that are arranged to face each other. It is determined. When the radial width W (see FIGS. 1 and 4) of the second equalizer 14 is set larger than necessary, the area covering the diaphragm 13 is increased. In this case, since the sound pressure level of the speakers 10 and 10A is lowered and the high frequency range of the frequency characteristic is attenuated, it is not preferable to increase the width W of the second equalizer 14 without darkness. Here, the width W of the second equalizer 14 is about 10 mm to 20 mm. In the case where the diaphragm diameter φ1 is 30 mm as in the present embodiment, good frequency characteristics can be obtained by using this numerical value.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of the speaker 10 shown in FIG. Here, a tweeter having a balance dome type diaphragm 13 is illustrated.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the speaker 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a yoke 16 composed of a disk-shaped base portion 16 a and a columnar center portion 16 b, a donut-shaped magnet 17, A magnetic circuit is formed by the donut-shaped plate 18. The diaphragm 13 having the dome portion 13 c that is convex in a hemispherical shape has a structure in which the horizontal edge 13 b that is the outermost periphery thereof is supported by the baffle 12. Further, a cylindrical voice coil 19 is connected to the diaphragm 13 via a support, and the voice coil 19 can freely vibrate in the gap G of the magnetic circuit described above. As a result, the vibration of the voice coil 19 is transmitted to the diaphragm 13 to generate sound.

  The first equalizer 11 is disposed so as to cover the dome portion 13c of the diaphragm 13, and both ends of the connecting lines 15 and 15 on both sides are fixed to the first equalizer 11 and the baffle 12, respectively. Supported by the baffle 12. The second equalizers 14 and 14 are symmetrically opposed so as to cover about a half of the inclined surface portion 13a that surrounds the dome portion 13c of the diaphragm 13, and are integrally formed with the baffle 12. ing. A horizontal connecting portion 13d is disposed between the dome portion 13c and the slope portion 13a, and the second equalizers 14 and 14 cover half of the total width of the slope portion 13a and the connecting portion 13d. Are arranged opposite to each other. The degree of covering the slope portion 13a is preferably 1/3 to 3/4, but more preferably 3/7 to 4/7 in terms of frequency characteristics. The opposing surfaces 14d of the second equalizers 14 and 14 and the diaphragm 13 are inclined and curved here. As described above, the diaphragm ring 20 is disposed above the plate 18 in FIG. 4 in order to support the diaphragm 13 and the like.

  The directivity degradation is expressed by Equation 1, and the limit frequency differs depending on the distance D between the second equalizers 14 and 14 symmetrically disposed on the diaphragm 13. Since this distance D cannot be smaller than the diameter of the first equalizer 11, it is usually larger than the diameter of the first equalizer 11. As a result of the experiment, it is preferable to cover 1/2 of the total length of the sloped portion 13a and the connecting portion 13d of the balance dome type diaphragm 13, and at least the distance beyond the wavelength of the improved frequency is minimized. That is, the effective diaphragm radius a obtained by Equation 1 is the minimum value. For example, if the target value is 20 kHz in order to improve the limit frequency fc, the effective diaphragm radius a is 8.5 mm and the effective diameter of the diaphragm 13 is 17 mm according to Equation 1. Therefore, the minimum value of the distance D between the second equalizers 14 and 14 is 17 mm. For this reason, when the distance D is 17 mm when covering 1/2 of the total length of the slope portion 13a and the connecting portion 13d of the balance dome type diaphragm 13, the target value can be cleared and the frequency Characteristics are preferable. The second equalizers 14 and 14 are disposed so as to protrude from the outer peripheral side of the diaphragm 13 to the central axis side, that is, so as to cover at least a part of the slope portion 13a, and the distance D is 17 mm. With the above configuration, it is possible to obtain a speaker that improves the directivity in the direction away from the front axis (improved to a target value of 20 kHz or a value close to it) while preventing a decrease in sound pressure level.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of the speakers 10 and 10A according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention, and is shown in the sense of comparison with the conventional example shown in FIG. 5 and 11, X is a front characteristic, Y is a horizontal characteristic at a directivity of 30 degrees (= a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the second equalizers 14 and 14), and Z is a directivity. The characteristic in the vertical direction (= direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the second equalizers 14 and 14) at 30 degrees is shown.

  As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 5 and FIG. 11, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second equalizers 14 and 14 are arranged symmetrically, that is, so as to face each other, so that the horizontal direction at 10 kHz or more is obtained. The directivity (Y) can be greatly improved. For example, in the conventional example of FIG. 11, the directivity characteristic (Y) in the horizontal direction suddenly drops from about 87 dB to about 76 dB around 11 kHz to 12 kHz. On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the sound pressure drop from about 87.5 dB to about 78 dB is suppressed around the same 11 kHz to 12 kHz. Further, in the vicinity of 20 kHz, the horizontal directivity characteristic (Y) is cut below 80 dB in the conventional example (see FIG. 11), whereas in the embodiment of the present invention, 80 dB or more is secured.

  Also in 2 kHz to 10 kHz, especially in the vicinity of 5 kHz, in the conventional example, there are variations in three graphs (speaker front characteristic (X), horizontal directivity characteristic (Y), vertical directivity characteristic (Z)). In particular, the horizontal directivity (Y) is low, but in the embodiment of the present invention, it can be seen that three graphs are grouped in the same region in this range (see FIG. 5).

  Further, the speakers 10, 10 </ b> A are provided with a first equalizer 11 for flattening frequency characteristics by providing a first equalizer 11 on the front surface of the diaphragm 13, and a horizontal surface of the diaphragm 13 on the front surface of the diaphragm 13. The limit frequency fc of the sound wave is increased by the second equalizers 14 and 14 each having a facing surface 14d having an oblique inclination and the surfaces facing each other being curved or straight and curved.

  The directivity limit (frequency) is expressed by Equation 1 as described above, but the shape of the facing surface 14d of the second equalizers 14 and 14 facing the diaphragm 13 is a slope and a curve (= curved surface). It can be seen that the frequency characteristics are smoother than the conventional example shown in FIG. 11 without being affected by the standing wave. In addition, the effect obtained as the gap between the second equalizers 14 and 14 and the diaphragm 13 increases in parallel. However, the frequency characteristic is better when the gap is inclined. The effect of gathering at the center of the diaphragm 13 is obtained. According to the conventional frequency characteristics shown in Patent Document 1, since the gap between the diaphragm and the equalizer is a constant gap, it is easily affected by standing waves, and undulation is assumed in the frequency characteristics. In particular, when the amplitude is large, the non-linear distortion of the air increases and causes abnormal noise. On the other hand, such a problem is eliminated in the speakers 10 and 10A.

  In order to eliminate the bias of directivity, the second equalizers 14 and 14 are preferably attached at symmetrical positions as in the respective embodiments. The thickness of the second equalizers 14 and 14 is preferably about 5 mm. In consideration of the reflection of sound waves, the thickness is required to be constant and is preferably 3 mm to 10 mm. When it is 10 mm or less, it is advantageous in terms of thinning. The width W of the second equalizers 14 and 14 depends on the diaphragm diameter φ1, but when the diaphragm diameter φ1 is 30 mm as in this embodiment, the width W is effectively 10 mm to 20 mm. 12 mm to 17 mm is more effective.

  As described above, according to the speakers 10 and 10A according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the limit frequency fc determined from the diaphragm diameter φ1 can be increased. When the diaphragm aperture φ1 is 30 mm, the limit frequency is 11.3 kHz in the conventional configuration. However, when the present invention is adopted, when the distance D is 20 mm, it can theoretically be expanded to 17 kHz, and FIG. As can be seen from the graph, the decrease in the sound pressure level in the high sound range of the front axis of the speakers 10 and 10A is small.

  In addition, according to each embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the second equalizers 14 and 14, the directivity in the set direction is equivalent to a reduction in the apparent aperture of the diaphragm 13. Therefore, the directivity can be improved. Thus, the directivity of the direction set by the second equalizers 14 and 14 is different from that of the unset direction, and directivity can be controlled. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency characteristic in the direction off the front axis is good, and the speaker is improved in directivity.

  Further, the in-vehicle speaker has the following advantages. In other words, in-vehicle speakers often cannot hear sound in front of the speakers, but in the speakers 10 and 10A according to the embodiment of the present invention, sound quality in a high sound range is controlled by controlling sound waves necessary in a target direction. Improvements can be made. As is clear from a comparison between FIG. 5 and FIG. 11, in the embodiment of the present invention, by installing the second equalizer 14, a specific direction required (horizontal direction in the above-described embodiment) is obtained. It is possible to provide the speakers 10 and 10A with improved directivity characteristics. Note that, by appropriately changing the installation position of the second equalizer 14, it is possible to specify (select) in which direction the directional characteristics should be improved with respect to the speakers 10 and 10A.

  Next, a speaker 30 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that in the speaker 30 according to the third embodiment, the same reference numerals are assigned to items common to the first and second embodiments, and descriptions thereof are omitted or simplified.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an external structure of a speaker 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the speaker 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes a first equalizer 11, a diaphragm 13, a second equalizer 14, and a baffle 32. The first equalizer 11 is disposed at the center of the front surface of the diaphragm 13 with a predetermined gap with respect to the diaphragm 13. The baffle 32 is divided into two regions along a boundary indicated by a circumference H centered on the central axis of the diaphragm 13. The baffle 32 is divided into a movable baffle 34 that is an inner region and an outer region. And a fixed baffle 36. That is, the movable baffle 34 is formed in a donut shape in a region inside the circumference H, and the fixed baffle 36 is formed so as to cover the outer periphery thereof. The fixed baffle 36 is fixed to the plate 18 (see FIG. 7). The movable baffle 34 is rotatable relative to the fixed baffle 36 around the central axis of the diaphragm 13.

  The second equalizers 14 and 14 are coupled to the movable baffle 34. Here, the movable baffle 34 and the second equalizer 14 are integrally formed of the same material. The first equalizer 11 is coupled to the movable baffle 34 by connecting wires 15 and 15. Therefore, when the movable baffle 34 is rotated, the first equalizer 11 and the second equalizers 14 and 14 rotate integrally with the movable baffle 34. In this way, by rotating the first equalizer 11 and the second equalizers 14 and 14 integrally with the movable baffle 34, the direction in which the directivity of the second equalizers 14 and 14 is improved can be adjusted. it can.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a speaker 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the speaker 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention forms a magnetic circuit by the yoke 16, the magnet 17, and the plate 18. The diaphragm 13 has a structure in which the edge 13 b is supported by a fixed baffle 36. In addition, a cylindrical voice coil 19 is connected to the diaphragm 13 via a support.

  As described above, the baffle 32 includes the movable baffle 34 and the fixed baffle 36. The first equalizer 11 is arranged so as to cover the dome portion 13c of the diaphragm 13, and both ends of the connecting lines 15 and 15 on both sides are fixed to the first equalizer 11 and the movable baffle 34, respectively. Supported by a baffle 34. Further, the second equalizers 14 and 14 are formed integrally with the movable baffle 34. As shown in FIG. 7, the movable baffle 34 has an extending portion 34 a that extends outward from below the second equalizers 14 and 14. The extending part 34 a is provided over the entire circumference on the outer side in the circumferential direction of the donut-shaped movable baffle 34. Also in the present embodiment, the facing surface 14d between the second equalizers 14 and 14 and the diaphragm 13 is formed in an inclined and curved shape.

  The fixed baffle 36 is fixed above the plate 18. The fixed baffle 36 is a ring-shaped base portion 36a fixed to the plate 18, and extends upward from the outer edge of the base portion 36a so as to cover the entire outer periphery of the extension portion 34a, and further extends inward. And a covering portion 36b. On the inner peripheral side of the base portion 36a and on the back side, a back step portion 36c that is notched in a step shape upward is formed over the entire circumference. The fixed baffle 36 is fixed to the plate 18 by fitting the outer peripheral side of the plate 18 into the back step portion 36 c and interposing an adhesive or the like therebetween. In addition, a front step portion 36d that is notched in a lower step shape downward is formed on the inner peripheral side of the base portion 36a and on the front side. The edge 13b of the diaphragm 13 is fitted into the front step portion 36d to be positioned, and the diaphragm 13 is fixed to the baffle 32 with an adhesive. The edge 13b may be bent vertically downward without forming the front step portion 36d, and the edge portion 13b may be fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the fixed baffle 36.

  The movable baffle 34 is rotatably held with respect to the fixed baffle 36 by the extension portion 34a being housed in the space between the cover portion 36b and the base portion 36a. Further, a positioning mechanism 38 for positioning the movable baffle 34 with respect to the fixed baffle 36 is provided on the front surface 34b of the extending portion 34a and the back surface 36e of the covering portion 36b (see FIGS. 8 and 9).

  FIG. 8 is a view for explaining the configuration of the unevenness 40 constituting a part of the positioning mechanism 38, and FIG. 8A is a partial perspective view of the movable baffle 34 provided with the unevenness 40. ) Is a front view of the irregularities 40 as viewed from the direction of arrow J in (A). FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the configuration of the engaging portion 41 constituting a part of the positioning mechanism 38, and FIG. 9A is a partial perspective view of the fixed baffle 36 including the engaging portion 41. FIG. 6B is a perspective view of the plate spring 42 constituting the engaging portion 41.

  The positioning mechanism 38 includes an uneven portion 40 formed on the surface 34b of the movable baffle 34 and an engaging portion 41 formed on the back surface 36e of the cover portion 36b of the fixed baffle 36 (see FIGS. 8 and 9). . As shown in FIG. 8A, the unevenness 40 is formed over the entire circumference of the surface 34b in the extending portion 34a. The surface shape of the irregularities 40 is formed in a smooth wavy line shape as shown in FIG. Note that the shape of the unevenness 40 is not limited to a smooth wavy line shape, and may be another form in which acute triangular unevenness or smooth rectangular unevenness is continuously formed.

  The engaging portion 41 is configured by attaching a metal plate spring 42 to the back surface 36e. As shown in FIG. 9B, the plate spring 42 has a curved portion 42a obtained by bending a metal flat plate in a substantially U shape, and a flat plate-like shape extending outward from both ends of the curved portion 42a. It has flat-plate part 42b, 42b. The degree of bending of the bending portion 42 a is formed to be substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the recess 40 a of the unevenness 40.

  The plate spring 42 is attached to the cover portion 36b by fixing the flat plate portion 42b to the back surface 36e (see FIG. 9A). As for the fixing method of the plate spring 42, an adhesive may be interposed between the back surface 36e and the flat plate portion 42b, or the flat plate portion 42b may be screwed to the back surface 36e. The engaging portion 41 is not limited to the metal plate-like spring 42, and may be formed of a resin-made plate-like member having a curved portion 42a, or protrudes downward from the back surface 36e. It may be a protrusion. Further, the shape of the curved portion 42a may be an acute-angled triangle or a smooth quadrilateral corresponding to the shape of the irregularities 40.

  In a state where the movable baffle 34 is positioned on the fixed baffle 36 in the positioning mechanism 38, the curved portion 42a is fitted in the recess 40a, and both are in surface contact. In this state, since the convex portions 40b exist on both sides of the curved portion 42a, the movement of the movable baffle 34 in the circumferential direction is restricted. However, when a circumferential force is applied to the movable baffle 34, the curved portion 42a bends and moves over the convex portion 40b to the adjacent concave portion 40a. Thus, the second equalizers 14 and 14 can be positioned at predetermined positions by rotating the movable baffle 34 in the circumferential direction and engaging the curved portions 42a with the predetermined concave portions 40a. In addition, when the movable baffle 34 is rotated, the curved portion 42a moves in the circumferential direction while getting over the convex portion 40b, so that a click feeling can be obtained.

  As described above, according to the speaker 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention, by rotating the movable baffle 34 before or after the door panel or the like is attached to the installation position, It is possible to easily adjust the direction in which the directivity is improved by the second equalizers 14 and 14. Therefore, the sound quality in the high sound range can be improved by controlling the sound wave required in the target direction without being affected by the mounting position of the speaker 30. In particular, in-vehicle speakers, the speakers are often attached at various positions such as the lower part in front of the front door of the vehicle. For this reason, it is often assumed that there is no opportunity to hear the sound in front of the speaker. In such a case, by rotating the movable baffle 34 and extending the line connecting the second equalizers 14 and 14 vertically in front of the speaker 30, the ears come on the vertical plate, It becomes possible to obtain a higher sound quality in the target direction. For this reason, it is possible to improve the directivity in the necessary direction by simply rotating the movable baffle 34 without changing the installation position of the speaker 30 each time.

  Further, since the speaker 30 employs the positioning mechanism 38 that performs positioning by engaging the engaging portion 41 with the projections and depressions 40, the movable baffle 34 can be positioned by a simple mechanism. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the mechanism of the speaker 30 from becoming complicated. Moreover, since a click feeling can be obtained at the time of positioning, it becomes easy to recognize the position for positioning.

  As mentioned above, although each embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail with reference to drawings, a concrete structure is not restricted to this each embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can change variously.

  For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, two second equalizers 14 are arranged to face each other. However, the number of the second equalizers 14 may be one, or three or more. Moreover, although the surface which goes to the central axis line of the diaphragm 13 of the 2nd equalizer 14 shall contain the curve, you may form only with a straight line.

  Further, in the above-described speakers 10 and 30, the two equalizers 14 and 14 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the linear direction of the first equalizer 11, that is, the bridging direction of the connecting line 15, and in the speaker 10A, Although the two second equalizers 14 and 14 are symmetrically arranged in the same direction as the linear direction of the first equalizer 11, the arrangement direction of the second equalizers 14 and 14 is in the linear direction of the first equalizer 11. Alternatively, they may be arranged so as to intersect at an angle of 45 degrees, or may be arranged so as to intersect at another angle. Also, when only one second equalizer 14 is disposed, the linear direction of the first equalizer 11 and the orthogonal direction are preferable, but they may be disposed at other positions.

  The second equalizer 14 is integrated with the baffle 12 and the movable baffle 34, but may be formed as a separate member and fixed to the baffle 12 and the movable baffle 34. Further, the facing surface 14d of the second equalizer 14 that faces the diaphragm 13 is a slope with a curved cross section that is closer to the diaphragm 13 toward the central axis side of the diaphragm 13. A plane orthogonal to the central axis, that is, a plane extending in the horizontal direction in FIG. 4 (in this case, the distance between the diaphragm 13 and the second equalizer 14 is considered to be constant), It may be a linear slope approaching the plate 13 side. Thus, when the facing surface 14d is a slope such as a slope with a curved cross section or a slope with a straight cross section, standing waves are difficult to ride and the frequency characteristics are smooth.

  In addition, when the present invention is applied to a diaphragm in which the diaphragm does not have a slope portion or the diaphragm has a planar portion on the outer periphery of the slope portion, the second equalizer 14 does not necessarily need to cover a slope part. The second equalizer 14 only needs to be arranged so as to protrude from the outer peripheral side of the diaphragm toward the central axis side. Furthermore, the first equalizer 11 may be omitted in cases where the flattening of the frequency characteristics may be sacrificed a little. Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the speaker for high sound is exemplified, but the present invention can also be applied to a speaker for medium sound and a speaker for low sound. The present invention is preferably applied to a vehicle-mounted speaker, but can also be applied to a speaker for other purposes.

  In the above-described third embodiment, the second equalizer 14 is integrated with the movable baffle 34. However, the second equalizer 14 is fixed to another member such as a frame, and the frame or the like is fixed. You may make it rotate. Alternatively, the movable baffle may be the outer peripheral side, the second equalizer 14 may be integrated, and the inner peripheral side may be the fixed baffle. Further, one of the two second equalizers 14 may be fixed to the movable baffle, and the other one may be fixed to the fixed baffle.

  Further, in the above-described third embodiment, the unevenness 40 is formed on the front surface 34b and the engaging portion 41 is provided on the back surface 36e. On the contrary, the engaging portion 41 is provided on the front surface 34b, The unevenness 40 may be formed on the back surface 36e. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which contacts the engaging part 41 by making the surface 34b into a flat surface, without providing the unevenness | corrugation 40. FIG. With such a configuration, the movable baffle 34 is positioned by the contact force between the surface 34b and the engaging portion 41, and the positions of the second equalizers 14 and 14 can be positioned at arbitrary positions.

  In the above-described third embodiment, the positioning mechanism 38 is provided on the front surface 34b of the movable baffle 34 and the back surface 36e of the fixed baffle 36. However, the position of the positioning mechanism 38 is not limited to this position. For example, you may make it provide in other positions, such as the outer peripheral side of the extension part 34a of the movable baffle 34. FIG.

It is a figure which shows the external appearance structure of the speaker concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the external appearance structure of the speaker concerning the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating an example of a second equalizer of the speaker illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a curved surface portion and a linear portion of a surface facing the central axis side of the diaphragm; ) Is a diagram showing a surface in which the surface directed toward the central axis is composed only of a curved portion. It is a figure which shows the cross-sectional structure of the speaker concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the speaker concerning the 1st, 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the external appearance structure of the speaker concerning the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cross-section of the speaker concerning the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the unevenness | corrugation which comprises a part of speaker positioning mechanism concerning the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a partial perspective view of the movable baffle provided with the unevenness | corrugation. (B) is a front view of the unevenness seen from the arrow J direction in (A). It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the engaging part which comprises a part of speaker positioning mechanism concerning the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a part of the fixed baffle provided with the engaging part. It is a typical perspective view, (B) is a perspective view of the plate-shaped spring which comprises an engaging part. It is a figure which shows the conventional speaker, (A) is a figure which shows the external appearance structure, (B) is a figure which shows the schematic cross section. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the conventional speaker.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,10A, 30 ... Speaker, 11 ... 1st equalizer, 12 ... Baffle, 13, 32 ... Diaphragm, 13a ... Slope part, 14 ... 2nd equalizer, 14d ... opposing surface, 16 ... yoke, 17 ... magnet, 18 ... plate, 19 ... voice coil, 20 ... diaphragm ring 34 ... movable baffle (inner region), 36・ ・ ・ Fixed baffle (outside area), 40 ・ ・ ・ Concavity and convexity, 40a ・ ・ ・ Concavity, 41 ・ ・ ・ engagement part

Claims (7)

A diaphragm,
A first equalizer which are disposed at a predetermined gap in the central portion of the front surface of the front Symbol diaphragm,
Coupled to the baffle or the frame, while being arranged before SL at the diaphragm with a predetermined gap therebetween so as to cover a part of the diaphragm, disposed so as to protrude from the outer peripheral side of the front Symbol diaphragm to the central axis side A second equalizer,
Equipped with a,
The baffle or the frame is divided into two, centered on the central axis of the diaphragm, into an inner region that is a radially inner region including the second equalizer and an outer region that is an outer region of the inner region. The speaker is characterized in that the region can be rotated relative to the outer region .   The speaker according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the second equalizer toward the central axis of the diaphragm has a shape including a curve.   3. The speaker according to claim 1, wherein two second equalizers are arranged symmetrically so as to cover a part of a slope portion of the diaphragm. 4.   The speaker according to claim 3, wherein the second equalizer is arranged in the same direction as the diameter direction of the first equalizer or orthogonal thereto.   2. The diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein the diaphragm is a balance dome type, and the second equalizer covers substantially a half of a slope portion of the diaphragm, and a facing surface facing the diaphragm is a slope. 5. The speaker according to any one of items 1 to 4. Wherein the first equalizer is any one loudspeaker as claimed in claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is coupled to the inner region. In either one of the vicinity of the outer peripheral portion in the inner region and the vicinity of the inner peripheral portion in the outer region, irregularities having curved or acute corners are continuously formed over the entire periphery, and the outer periphery in the inner region. the other one inner peripheral portion of the vicinity of parts and near the outer region, any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that engagement portions for recess engages before Symbol irregularities are formed 6 The speaker described.

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