JP4979917B2 - Electrical coupler - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrical coupler used when connecting and disconnecting an electric circuit between vehicles in a railway vehicle.

In a railway vehicle, an electrical coupler is used when an electric circuit between vehicles is to be connected and disconnected efficiently in one operation. As an example, an electrical connector of an electric vehicle attached to a mechanical connector for connecting vehicles to be automatically connected and automatically released by remote operation from a driver's cab will be described with reference to the drawings.
In trains, trains, etc. that are configured by connecting multiple vehicles, various electric cables (including optical cables) are used for power, control, signal (information), etc. However, it is desirable to connect and disconnect these vehicles at the same time as connecting and releasing the vehicle itself. Conventionally, these electric wires have been manually connected and disconnected by an operator together with brake air pipes. However, these wires are not only time consuming but also have to enter between dangerous vehicles. Therefore, in recent years, it has become common to attach an electrical coupler to a mechanical coupler so that electric wires can be connected and disconnected simultaneously with the release of the vehicle.

  As an example, FIG. 6 is a front view showing a state where an electrical coupler is attached to the mechanical coupler described in Patent Document 1, FIG. 7 is a side view of the same, 1 is a close contact mechanical coupler, and 2 is an electrical connector. Connector, 21 is its box, 211 is a gasket that is attached to surround the front of the box 21, 22 is a lid that covers the main part of the front of the box 21, and 221 is a tension spring that biases the lid 22 in the closing direction A cover spring 222, a support shaft for rotatingly supporting the cover 22, 223 a cam roller attached to the side of the cover 22, 23 a push rod, and 231 a return spring which is a compression spring that urges the push rod in the pushing direction , 24 is a contact plate, 3 is a contact piece of an electric circuit, and 5 is a cable connected to the contact piece. In the present specification, the connecting surface side of the coupler as viewed from the vehicle is referred to as “front”, and the vehicle side is referred to as “rear”.

  This electrical connector houses an insulating base having a plurality of contact pieces 3 disposed in the opening on the front surface of the box body 21 and retracts above the rear portion of the box body 21 when connected, and pivots down around the support shaft 222 when not connected. And a substantially cylindrical lid 22 for closing the opening. When not connected, that is, when this electric connector is at the head of the train, etc., the front opening is covered with a lid 22 so that the tip of the contact piece 3 is not wetted with water or dust is attached. Protect with.

  When the vehicle approaches the distance just before the connection, the push bar 23 hits against the contact plate 24 of the other vehicle, the cam provided on the push bar 23 pushes the cam roller 223, the lid 22 opens, and the contact piece 3 is exposed. In the state where the mechanical coupler 1 is connected, the electric circuit is connected by contacting the contact piece 3 of the opponent vehicle. Reference numeral 221 denotes a lid spring for closing the lid when the coupler is released, and 222 is a support shaft serving as a rotation center. Note that when the partner vehicle to be connected does not have an electric coupler, the push rod 23 is not pushed, so the lid 22 remains closed.

  Since the number of wirings routed between the vehicles is several to as many as two hundred or more, a large number of these contact pieces 3 are arranged in the box 21 vertically and horizontally at a predetermined interval. However, when not connected, the front opening is closed with the lid 22, and when connected, the gaskets 211 on both sides can be brought into close contact with each other to achieve a dustproof and waterproof effect, but even when the lid is closed, Since there are minute gaps everywhere between the box 21 and the train speeding up, water droplets and dust entering through these gaps are becoming ignorable. Therefore, in Patent Document 2, contact between the lid 22 and the box body 21 in the released state of the electric coupler with the lid closed is achieved by attaching an elastic sheet or attaching a blocking member or the like to each part of the box body 21 or the lid 22. It is described that the structure eliminates the gap in the portion as much as possible.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 3 describes a movable contact piece in which an insertion contact is incorporated in the contact piece 3. If the contact piece 3 is fixed with respect to the box 21, problems such as the two contact pieces 3 being strongly pressed when connected due to dimensional errors at the time of production or mounting, or conversely, not sufficiently contacting occur. Therefore, it is normal that at least one of the contact pieces 3 on both sides can enter and exit in the traveling direction of the vehicle. In a conventional general example, a flexible conductor called a twisted conductor is used inside in order to ensure energization at all times even when the contact piece 3 moves. FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the contact piece 3a, in which 31 is a rear movable contact, 32 is a front movable contact, and 33 is a stranded conductor. The piston-like part of the front movable contact 32 is fitted to the cylindrical part of the rear movable contact 31, and the front movable contact 32 is urged forward by a spring. Is conducting. However, since the twisted lead wire 33 is repeatedly bent due to movements associated with connecting, releasing and running of the vehicle, breakage often occurs due to fatigue.

In view of this, the contact piece 3b described in Patent Document 3 is configured such that the pin-shaped portion 311 on the front surface of the rear movable contact 31 and the cylindrical portion 321 on the rear surface of the front movable contact 32 are directly fitted to be electrically connected by sliding contact. This eliminates fatigue. 9 is an assembled cross-sectional view, FIG. 10 is an exploded cross-sectional view, 35 is an insulating base, and 3c is a contact of the mating electrical coupler. However, with this structure, it is difficult to control the accuracy of the cylindrical portion 321 and the pin-shaped portion 311 in the manufacturing stage, and there is also a problem that contact failure occurs due to wear due to repeated use.

In addition to the butting shape as shown in FIG. 9, the contact piece of the electrical coupler includes an insertion type in which the tip is a male and a female. In any case, since a large number of contact pieces are arranged vertically and horizontally at narrow intervals, it is important that the cores of the electrical couplers on both sides are accurately aligned in order for the corresponding contact pieces to contact each other correctly. . As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when the electrical coupler is directly attached to the mechanical coupler, when the number of contact pieces increases and the interval becomes close, the mechanical coupler is worn or the mounting accuracy is poor. There is a possibility that the contact piece of the electrical coupler does not face correctly.
No. 7-30449 JP 2002-225705 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-99773

The technical problem in the electrical coupler is that the circuit between the vehicles to be coupled is securely connected. Specifically, the internal conduction of the contact pieces in the electrical couplers on both sides is reliably maintained, And the contact between the electrical couplers on both sides is securely held.
The present invention eliminates the problems associated with conduction and contact within the conventional contact piece to ensure contact, and makes sure that the electrical connectors are aligned and contact each other without difficulty. It aims at realizing.

According to the present invention, in the electrical coupler (2) that houses an insulating base in which a plurality of contact pieces (3) are arranged in an opening in the front of the box (21), the contact piece (3) is a front movable contact ( 32) The cylindrical part (321) of the rear movable contact (31) is inserted into the cylindrical part (321), and the inner diameter of the cylindrical part (321) of the front movable contact is slightly increased. An electrical coupler comprising a large diameter portion and a contact annular spring (34) inserted into the large diameter portion,
The box body (21) includes a guide pin (28) and a guide receiver (29) that are fitted to each other at the time of connection on the front surface, and an extrusion mechanism (26 provided on an outer peripheral portion of the box body (21). ) And an attachment frame (4) shaped to cover the upper surface and the left and right side surfaces of the box (21), and is attached to the mechanical coupler (1),
The push-out mechanism (26) includes a guide bar (261), which is attached to the attachment frame (4) so as to be able to advance and retreat, and has a thick diameter portion and a small diameter portion in the length direction. body (21) to said guide bar (261) and the provided guide holes for fitting (262) in the outer peripheral portion, ejecting spring for urging the box body (21) to the front (263) and the guide The bar (261) is configured to be elastically held by an auxiliary spring (264) that biases forward ,
In the unconnected state, the guide bar (261) is pushed forward by the auxiliary spring (264 ), and the large-diameter portion of the guide bar (261 ) is engaged with the guide hole (262) , thereby the box body. (21) is restrained and supported by the mounting frame (4),
In the coupled state, the guide bar (261) is retracted by being pushed by the guide bar of the mating electrical connector, the box body (21) is in a state of being urged forward by the ejecting spring (263), The box (21) is not constrained by the mounting frame (4) in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by the narrow diameter portion of the guide bar (261) coming to the position of the guide hole (262). The electrical connector is characterized in that centering is performed by fitting the guide pin (28) and the guide receiver (29).

  According to the present invention, conduction between the contacts in the contact piece is reliable, and the contact piece tip between the two electrical couplers is reliably and easily aligned, and these states can be maintained over a long period of time. Has an excellent effect.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an electrical coupler according to an embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view, FIG. 3 is a side view, and in FIGS. 1 and 3, a mechanical coupler to which the electrical coupler is attached is indicated by an imaginary line. It is. In addition to those described above, 4 is a mounting frame that covers the top and left and right sides of the box 21, 25 is a dew condensation prevention tube that prevents condensation inside the box 21, and 26 is the front of the box 21. Extrusion mechanism to push out, 27 is a heater for keeping the inside of the box body 21, 28 is a guide pin, 29 is a guide receiver, and they are aligned in the connected state by connecting them in the connected state, each internal contact The piece 3 contacts correctly. Reference numeral 41 denotes a mounting bolt for mounting the mounting frame 4 to the mechanical coupler 1.

  The electrical coupler 2 of the embodiment accommodates an insulating base in which a plurality of contact pieces 3 are arranged in an opening in front of the box body 21. 6 and 7 includes a rotating lid 22 similar to that described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, and a gasket 211 for sealing around the front surface of the box body 21 and the insulating base. A heater 27, a guide pin 28, and a guide receiver 29 are provided. The box 21 is attached to the mechanical coupler 1 via an extrusion mechanism 26 provided on the outer peripheral portion and an attachment frame 4 having a shape covering the upper surface and the left and right side surfaces of the box 21. The anti-condensation tube 25 is a short tube whose upper end is opened inside the box body 21, air holes are provided on the side surfaces, and the lower end is covered with a lid having a water drainage hole. The vessel is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-224221. Further, a snow-resistant electrical coupler provided with a heater is also described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-30449, and these are known per se.

  Next, the contact piece 3 of the embodiment will be described with reference to the cross-sectional view of FIG. This contact piece 3 is an improvement of the conventional movable contact type shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and a pin-like portion 311 on the front surface of the rear movable contact 31 is inserted into a cylindrical portion 321 on the rear surface of the front movable contact 32. A large-diameter portion having a slightly larger inner diameter is formed in the cylindrical portion 321 of the front movable contact 32, and a contact annular spring 34 is inserted into the large-diameter portion.

Since the annular spring 34 conducts by reliable contact, a coil spring in which a leaf spring made of phosphor bronze, beryllium copper or the like having both conductivity and spring property is wound in a drum shape, or wound in a non-circular cross section. Etc. are preferable.
Next, the push-out mechanism 26 will be described with reference to FIG. This figure is a partial plan view showing a state where a pair of electrical couplers are facing each other with a slight distance. 261 is a guide bar, 262 is an outer peripheral portion of the box body 21, and in this example, the protruding portions on both sides. The provided guide hole, 263 is an extrusion spring, and 264 is an auxiliary spring. The push spring 263 and the auxiliary spring 264 may each be provided with a box-shaped cover as illustrated.

  The guide bar 261 is biased forward with respect to the mounting frame 4 by the auxiliary spring 264, and the guide hole 262, that is, the box body 21 is also biased forward with respect to the mounting frame 4 by the pushing spring 263. The guide bar 261 has a small diameter portion, but in the state of FIG. 5, the guide hole 262 is fitted with a thick diameter portion instead of this thin diameter portion, so there is almost no gap on the top, bottom, left and right, The box 21 is pushed forward and restrained and supported by the mounting frame 4. However, when the couplers on both sides approach and the two coupling surfaces in FIG. 5 coincide with each other, the spring force of the auxiliary spring 264 is weak, so that the guide bar 261 is pushed back and retreated, and the guide hole 262 has a small diameter at the position. As a result, the upper and lower left and right gaps are created, and the box is not restrained by the mounting frame 4 in the horizontal and vertical directions. On the other hand, at this time, since the guide pins 28 and the guide receivers 29 of the electric couplers on both sides are fitted, the electric couplers are merged with the cores correctly aligned. Although the attachment frame 4 is integral with the mechanical coupler 1, there is a possibility that a misalignment due to an attachment error or wear may occur between the mechanical coupler 1 and the electrical coupler 2. However, if the electrical coupler 2 is separated from the mounting frame 4 and the electrical couplers are directly combined with each other in this way, misalignment between the contact pieces 3 does not occur, so that a good coupling state is ensured. The spring force of the push spring 263 directly acts as a connection force of the electric coupler.

  In this embodiment, since the electrical coupler has a horizontally long shape, the pushing mechanism 26 has two left and right mechanisms. However, depending on the shape of the electrical coupler, only one upper mechanism may be provided. Further, it is desirable that at least one of the electrical connectors of the vehicle to be connected has a structure that is not restrained by the mechanical connector 1 in this way. On the contrary, even if all the electric couplers of vehicles on the same route have an extrusion mechanism, there is no problem even if it is convenient.

It is a front view which shows the electrical coupler of this invention Example. It is a top view which shows the electrical coupler of this invention Example. It is a side view which shows the electrical coupler of this invention Example. It is sectional drawing which shows the contact piece of this invention Example. It is a fragmentary top view which shows a pair of electrical coupler of an Example. It is a front view which shows the state which attached the electrical coupler to the mechanical coupler in the prior art. It is a side view which shows the state which similarly attached the electrical coupler to the mechanical coupler in a prior art similarly. It is sectional drawing which shows the contact piece in a prior art. It is assembly sectional drawing which shows the contact piece in another prior art. It is sectional drawing of the decomposition | disassembly state which shows the contact piece of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mechanical coupler 2 Electrical coupler 3, 3a, 3b, 3c Contact piece 4 Mounting frame 5 Cable 21 Box 22 Lid 23 Push bar 24 Cover plate 25 Condensation prevention pipe 26 Extrusion mechanism 27 Heater 28 Guide pin 29 Guide receiver 31 Back Movable contact 32 Forward movable contact 33 Twisted lead wire 34 Annular spring 35 Insulating base 41 Mounting bolt 211 Gasket 221 Cover spring 223 Support shaft 223 Cam roller 231 Return spring 261 Guide bar 262 Guide hole 263 Push spring 264 Auxiliary spring 311 Pin-shaped part
321 cylindrical part

Claims (1)

In the electrical connector (2) that houses an insulating base in which a plurality of contact pieces (3) are arranged in an opening on the front side of the box (21), the contact piece (3) is a cylinder of a front movable contactor (32). The pin-shaped portion (311) of the rear movable contact (31) is inserted into the shape-shaped portion (321), and a large-diameter portion having a slightly larger inner diameter is formed in the cylindrical portion (321) of the front movable contact. An electrical coupler formed by inserting an annular spring (34) for contact into the large diameter portion,
The box body (21) includes a guide pin (28) and a guide receiver (29) that are fitted to each other at the time of connection on the front surface, and an extrusion mechanism (26 provided on an outer peripheral portion of the box body (21). ) And an attachment frame (4) shaped to cover the upper surface and the left and right side surfaces of the box (21), and is attached to the mechanical coupler (1),
The push-out mechanism (26) includes a guide bar (261), which is attached to the attachment frame (4) so as to be able to advance and retreat, and has a thick diameter portion and a small diameter portion in the length direction. body (21) to said guide bar (261) and the provided guide holes for fitting (262) in the outer peripheral portion, ejecting spring for urging the box body (21) to the front (263) and the guide The bar (261) is configured to be elastically held by an auxiliary spring (264) that biases forward ,
In the unconnected state, the guide bar (261) is pushed forward by the auxiliary spring (264 ), and the large-diameter portion of the guide bar (261 ) is engaged with the guide hole (262) , thereby the box body. (21) is restrained and supported by the mounting frame (4),
In the coupled state, the guide bar (261) is retracted by being pushed by the guide bar of the mating electrical connector, the box body (21) is in a state of being urged forward by the ejecting spring (263), The box (21) is not constrained by the mounting frame (4) in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by the narrow diameter portion of the guide bar (261) coming to the position of the guide hole (262). The electrical connector is characterized in that centering is performed by fitting the guide pin (28) and the guide receiver (29).

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