JP4966994B2 - Foundation pile and pile foundation structure - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a foundation pile and a pile foundation structure that can be installed without using heavy machinery as a foundation for various simple structures in civil engineering architecture even in soft ground such as swamps and wetlands. .

  Conventionally, when constructing various simple structures such as wooden paths, Yatsuhashi bridges, guard fences, etc. on soft ground such as swamps and wetlands, piles that are traditionally built with wooden or steel single piles The foundation is used. Furthermore, ground improvement such as a replacement method and a compaction method is also used in combination as necessary.

  In addition, as a foundation for a structure that can be easily constructed without ground improvement, a horizontal member is placed on the upper part of the structure with vertical and diagonal members constructed by placing cast-in-place piles vertically and diagonally in the ground. There is also provided a foundation for a structure formed as a truss structure by laying a frame (Patent Document 1). Alternatively, a straight polygonal pyramid composed of three or more hollow diagonal piles with a tensile material inside is constructed in the ground so that it can be easily constructed even on soft ground that liquefies due to an earthquake. There is also provided a basic construction method in which a tensile material is fixed at the tip of the inclined pile and the top of the cone is used as a support (Patent Document 2).

JP-A-9-71950 JP-A-8-333733

  However, in order to obtain the necessary bearing capacity for traditional piles such as a conventional single pile, it is necessary to increase the length and diameter of the piles or increase the number of piles to be placed. Will increase the construction cost. Moreover, when a pile becomes large, it is necessary to drive using a heavy machine, and the work in the wetland etc. in a park will give a load to an environment. Furthermore, steel piles are expensive. On the other hand, the foundation using the truss structure as shown in Patent Document 1 has to construct the truss structure at the site of soft ground such as a swamp or a wetland, and the construction becomes complicated. Furthermore, the foundation method as shown in Patent Document 2 is also complicated in structure, and is not suitable as a foundation for various simple structures such as wooden roads, Yatsuhashi bridges, and guard fences.

  Therefore, the inventors mainly used various simple structures in soft ground such as swamps and wetlands, and they were easy to construct on site without using heavy machinery, minimizing the load on the natural environment. It aims at providing the structure of the foundation pile and pile foundation which can obtain the stable support force while remaining.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the longitudinal intermediate portion is fixed to the central pile having a hexagonal cross section and the intermediate peripheral surface of the central pile that is not adjacent to each other, and separated from the central pile. The foundation pile which consists of three support piles diagonally installed at a predetermined angle in the same direction as the front-end | tip part of a center pile .

Further, the center piles middle portion in the longitudinal direction is formed in the cross-sectional hexagonal shape, in the direction above surface away from the center stake and the central pile to be inclined at a predetermined angle to the front end portion in the same direction of the central pile Three guide members respectively fixed to the peripheral surface of the intermediate portion that are not adjacent to each other, in directions away from the central pile guided by the respective guide members, and in the same direction as the tip of the central pile at a predetermined angle Provided is a foundation pile composed of three support piles that are obliquely attached and fixed to the peripheral surface of the intermediate portion that is not adjacent to the center pile.

Furthermore, in the vertical direction of the installation ground, after the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction is Da設center piles formed in hexagonal cross, in a direction away from the center stake, and, toward the tip and the same direction of the central pile And providing a structure of a pile foundation in which the three support piles are obliquely installed on the installation ground at a predetermined angle, and the three support piles are fixed to the peripheral surfaces of the central piles that are not adjacent to each other.

Further, in the vertical direction of the installation ground, after the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction is Da設center piles formed in hexagonal cross, in the direction above surface away from the center stake, and identical to the front end portion of the center stake In the direction away from the central pile, guided by the three guide members fixed to the intermediate peripheral surfaces of the central pile that are not adjacent to each other so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle toward the direction, and the tip of the central pile Provided is a structure of a pile foundation in which support piles are obliquely inclined at a predetermined angle in the same direction as the section, and three support piles are respectively fixed to the peripheral surface of the central portion not adjacent to each other .

And the upper end part of the center pile was formed in cross-sectional square shape.

Moreover, the three support piles are arrange | positioned at equal intervals in planar view, and the arrangement | positioning angle with respect to the center pile of the three support piles was made the same.

Furthermore, the arrangement angle of the support pile in the direction of the tip of the center pile was set to approximately 30 degrees with respect to the center pile.

  According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, it is not necessary to drive the central pile to the depth of the support ground, so it is easy to drive the central pile, and the support pile is driven using the central pile as a guide. can do. For this reason, it is easy to place support piles, and the support piles are joined together via the central pile, so that it is possible to drive in manpower and light machines without using heavy machinery. Easy construction on site. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the load applied to the natural environment and to obtain a stable support force. Therefore, it is most suitable as the basis of various simple structures mainly in soft ground such as swamps and wetlands. In addition, it is possible to use wooden piles that make effective use of thinned wood as the material for the foundation piles, which is characterized by environmental considerations and easy local processing.

The whole perspective view showing the embodiment of the structure of the foundation pile concerning the present invention. The whole front view which shows embodiment of the structure of the foundation pile concerning this invention. The whole top view which shows embodiment of the structure of the foundation pile concerning this invention. The perspective view of a center pile. The front view of a center pile. The top view of a center pile. The bottom view of a center pile. The side view of a center pile. The center longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. AA sectional drawing of FIG. BB sectional drawing of FIG. C arrow line view of FIG. D arrow line view of FIG. The perspective view of the center pile which mounted | wore with the guide member. The front view of the center pile which mounted | wore with the guide member. The top view of the center pile which mounted | wore with the guide member. E arrow view of FIG. F arrow line view of FIG. (A) is a front view of a guide member, (B) is a side view, (C) is a plan view. The perspective view of the center pile which fixed the support pile. The front view of the center pile which fixed the support pile. The right view of the center pile which fixed the support pile. The top view of the center pile which fixed the support pile. GG sectional drawing of FIG. The main part right side view of the center pile which fixed the support pile. The E arrow line view of FIG. 16 which fixed the support pile to the center pile. The F arrow line view of FIG. 16 which fixed the support pile to the center pile. (A) is a front view of a support pile, (B) is a top view, (C) is a bottom view. The front view which shows the usage example of a foundation pile. The side view which shows the usage example of a foundation pile. The top view which shows the usage example of a foundation pile. A completed drawing of a wooden path constructed using foundation piles.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment of a foundation pile 1 according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view, and FIG. 3 is a plan view. As shown in the figure, the foundation pile 1 includes a prismatic center pile 2, three support piles 3, 4, 5 fixed to the periphery of the center pile 2, and guide members of the support piles 3, 4, 5. 6, 7, 8. As shown in FIG. 2, the pile structure in which the foundation pile 1 is driven on the installation ground is exposed from the ground GL at the upper part of the three support piles 3, 4 and 5 fixed to the central pile 2. Used as a basis in state.

  First, the structure of the center pile 2 is demonstrated based on FIGS. 4 is a perspective view of the central pile 2, FIG. 5 is a front view, FIG. 6 is a plan view, FIG. 7 is a bottom view, and FIG. 8 is a side view. The central pile 2 is a pile having a prismatic shape as a whole and having a sharpened tip 9. And the upper end part 10 of the center pile 2 is a cross-sectional square shape as shown in FIG. 10 which is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 5, and the intermediate part 11 of a longitudinal direction is BB sectional drawing of FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, it is formed in a hexagonal cross section.

 Therefore, four surfaces including a front surface 10a, a right side surface 10b, a left side surface 10c, and a back surface 10d are formed on the periphery of the upper end portion 10 (see FIG. 10). Further, on the periphery of the intermediate portion 11, there are a front surface 11a, a back surface 11f, a first right side surface 11b and a first left side surface 11d adjacent to the front surface 11a, a second right side surface 11c adjacent to the back surface 11f, and Six surfaces of the second left side surface 11e are formed (see FIG. 11).

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, in the right side view, the first right side surface 11b and the second right side surface 11c are adjacent to each other, and the first right side surface 11b and the second right side surface 11c are A plane different from the right side surface 10b of the upper end portion 10 is formed. Similarly, in the left side view, the first left side surface 11d and the second left side surface 11e are adjacent to each other, and the first left side surface 11d and the second left side surface 11e are the left side of the upper end portion 10. A plane different from the surface 10c is formed.

  On the other hand, the front surface 11a of the intermediate portion 11 is connected to the front surface 10a of the upper end portion 10 and the rear surface 11f of the intermediate portion 11 is connected to the rear surface 10d of the upper end portion 10 in the longitudinal direction, thereby forming a continuous and identical plane. The front end portion 9 is adjacent to the six surfaces of the intermediate portion 11 including a front surface 11a, a back surface 11f, a first right side surface 11b, a second right side surface 11c, a first left side surface 11d, and a second left side surface 11e. It has a hexagonal pyramid shape with six faces.

  When the center pile 2 is manufactured, the intermediate portion 11 may be cut and formed into a substantially regular hexagonal cross section while the upper end portion 10 of the square cross section having the tip portion 9 is left in a square cross section. The material of the central pile 2 is suitably a wooden pile using thinned wood or the like, but does not exclude the formation of other materials.

  In the intermediate portion 11 having the above-described configuration, the front surface 11a, the second right side surface 11c, and the second left side surface 11e, which are the circumferential surfaces of the intermediate portions that are not adjacent to each other, are used as the support pile placement surfaces, and the guide members 6, 7 , 8 are fixed. 14 is a perspective view of the central pile 2 to which the guide members 6, 7, and 8 are fixed, FIG. 15 is a front view of the central pile 2, FIG. 16 is a plan view, and FIG. 17 is an E direction (second right side surface) of FIG. 11c direction), FIG. 18 is an arrow view from the F direction (second left side surface 11e direction) in FIG. 16, and FIG. 19A is a front view of the guide members 6, 7, and 8. 19 (B) is a side view thereof, and FIG. 19 (C) is a plan view thereof.

  The guide members 6, 7, and 8 are splints for guiding the support piles 3, 4, and 5, as shown in FIG. 19A, have a parallelogram shape when viewed from the front, and have upper surfaces 6a and 7a, respectively. , 8a is a cube formed as a smooth surface. The central pile 2 is configured such that the guide members 6, 7, 8 are inclined at a predetermined angle in a direction in which the upper surfaces 6 a, 7 a, 8 a are separated from the central pile 2 and in the same direction as the distal end portion 9 of the central pile 2. Are fixed at predetermined positions above the front surface 11a, the second right side surface 11c, and the second left side surface 11e, which are peripheral surfaces of the intermediate portions that are not adjacent to each other, with screws 12.

  The support piles 3, 4 and 5 are arranged along the upper surfaces 6a, 7a and 8a of the guide members 6, 7 and 8 having the above-described configuration, respectively, around the periphery of the central pile 2 (specifically, the front surface 11a and the second right side surface 11c). And guides and adheres to the second left side surface 11e). 28A is a front view of the support piles 3, 4 and 5, FIG. 28B is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 28C is a bottom view thereof. Each of the support piles 3, 4, 5 has a sharpened tip 3 a, 4 a, 5 a, and has a prismatic shape as a whole and is longer than the center pile 2. The support piles 3, 4 and 5 reach the support ground to obtain a necessary support force as a unit. The support piles 3, 4, and 5 are suitably wooden piles using thinned wood or the like, as with the central pile 2, but this does not exclude the formation of other materials.

  Next, the arrangement and fixing method of the support piles 3, 4 and 5 to the central pile 2 will be described by taking the support pile 3 as an example. 20 is a perspective view showing a state in which the support pile 3 is fixed to the front surface 11a in the intermediate portion 11 of the central pile 2. FIG. 21 is a front view thereof, FIG. 22 is a right side view thereof, FIG. FIG. 22 is a GG sectional view of FIG. 21. In the state where the lower surface of the support pile 3 is brought into contact with the upper surface 6a of the guide member 6 fixed to the front surface 11a in the intermediate portion 11 of the central pile 2, the guide pile 6 is guided along the inclination of the support pile 3. The support pile 3 is arranged in such a direction that the tip 3a is separated from the center pile 2 and is inclined at a predetermined angle in the same direction as the tip 9 of the center pile 2, and using the coach screw 13, the center pile It adheres to 2. At this time, the tip 3 a of the support pile 3 is in a position extended from the tip 9 of the center pile 2. That is, as shown in the figure, the support pile 3 is guided along the guide member 6 and fixed to the peripheral portion of the center pile 2.

  The direction in which the tip 3a of the support pile 3 is separated from the center pile 2 and the same direction as the tip 9 of the center pile 2 is the center in the plan view of the center pile 2 placed as shown in FIG. This means a downward radial direction from the pile 2. Specifically, the arrangement angle is preferably 45 degrees or less with respect to the longitudinal direction of the central pile, and preferably about 30 degrees as shown in the illustrated example. The same applies to the support piles 4 and 5. In addition, the arrangement | positioning angle to the front-end | tip part 9 direction of the center pile 2 of the support piles 3, 4, and 5 can also be made into a respectively different angle.

  Next, in the same manner as the support pile 3, as shown in FIG. 26, the second support pile 4 is supported by the guide member 7 fixed to the second right side surface 11c in the intermediate portion 11 of the center pile 2, 4 is fixed to the peripheral portion of the central pile 2 with a coach screw 13 so that the distal end portion 4a of the central portion 4 is extended from the distal end portion 9 of the central pile 2. In addition, in FIG. 26, illustration of the 1st support pile 3 already fixed is abbreviate | omitted. As a result, the support pile 4 is obliquely installed at a predetermined angle in a direction away from the central pile 2 and in the same direction as the tip portion 9 of the central pile 2.

  Further, in the same manner as the support pile 3, as shown in FIG. 27, the third support pile 5 is supported by the guide member 8 fixed to the second left side surface 11e in the intermediate portion 11 of the center pile 2, and supported. The pile 5 is fixed to the periphery of the central pile 2 with a coach screw 13 so that the distal end 5a of the pile 5 is located at a position extended from the distal end 9 of the central pile 2. In FIG. 27, the first support pile 3 and the second support pile 4 that are already fixed are not shown. As a result, the support pile 5 is obliquely installed at a predetermined angle in a direction away from the central pile 2 and in the same direction as the tip portion 9 of the central pile 2. The position of the coach screw 13 to which the support piles 3, 4 and 5 are fixed is fixed so as not to interfere by changing the position in the height direction.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the support piles 3, 4, 5 in the foundation pile 1 are arranged radially at equal intervals around the center pile 2 in plan view, and are integrated via the center pile 2. Combined with

  As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 11, the central pile 2 has a rectangular cross section with a lateral dimension W of the upper end 10 of 120 mm and a vertical dimension H of 105 mm, and the intermediate section 11 has a hexagonal cross section. A wooden pile made of thinned cedar with a total length L of 1000 mm with a sharp tip 9 was used. As shown in FIG. 11, the inclination angle α of the second right side surface 11c in the intermediate portion 11 in the direction of the back surface 11f is 30 degrees. The inclination angle of the first right side surface 11b and the first left side surface 11d in the intermediate portion 11 in the direction of the front surface 11a and the inclination angle of the second left side surface 11e in the direction of the back surface 11f were also set to 30 degrees. As a result, the length L1 of the upper end portion 10 is 220 mm, the total length L2 of the intermediate portion 11 and the tip portion 9 is 780 mm, the lateral dimension W1 of the front surface 11a and the rear surface 11f in the intermediate portion 11 is 60 mm, and the first right side surface 11b. , Second right side surface 11c, first left side surface 11d, and second left side surface 11e have horizontal dimensions W2 and W3 in plan view of 30 mm, respectively, first right side surface 11b, second right side surface 11c, and first left side surface 11e. The vertical dimensions H1 and H2 in the plan view of the left side surface 11d and the second left side surface 11e are 52.5 mm, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 19, the guide members 6, 7, and 8 have a total length L <b> 3 having a cross-sectional shape of a lateral dimension W <b> 4 of 35 mm and a longitudinal dimension H <b> 3 of 35 mm in a side view, and an inclination angle with respect to the bottom surface of the right end portion in a front view A wooden splint made of thinned cedar with a β of 30 degrees was used. In front view, the inclination angle γ with respect to the upper surfaces 6a, 7a, 8a at the left end is also set to 30 degrees.

  As shown in FIG. 28, the support piles 3, 4, and 5 have a cross-sectional shape with a horizontal dimension W5 of 75 mm, a vertical dimension H4 of 75 mm, and a total length L4 with a sharp tip formed from a thinned cedar with a total length L4 of 1500 mm. Used wooden piles. The dimensions of these central piles 2, support piles 3, 4, 5, guide members 6, 7, and 8 are determined by calculating the bearing capacity based on the geological survey of the installed ground. It is not limited to.

  Next, the structure of the pile foundation using this foundation pile 1 is demonstrated. First, a geological survey of the installed ground is performed, the bearing capacity of the foundation pile 1 is calculated, and the size of the pile length, etc. is determined. Then, the placement position of the central pile 2 is determined at the installation location, and the central pile 2 in the state shown in FIG. I will cast it. Next, as shown in FIGS. 20 to 23, the support pile 3 guided along the guide member 6 is sequentially driven on the peripheral portion (specifically, the front surface 11a) of the central pile 2 using an electric hammer or the like. As shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the upper end portion is fixed to the front surface 11 a in the intermediate portion 11 of the center pile 2 with a coach screw 13. Next, the support piles 4 and 5 guided along the guide members 7 and 8 in the same procedure as the support pile 3 are sequentially driven around the periphery of the center pile 2 using an electric hammer or the like, and the upper end portion thereof is The coach screw 13 is fixed to the second right side surface 11c and the second left side surface 11e in the intermediate portion 11 of the center pile 2.

  Thereby, as shown in FIGS. 1-3, the pile foundation which installed the foundation pile 1 is completed in the predetermined position of an installation ground. In this pile foundation, the support piles 3, 4, 5 are obliquely arranged in the direction in which the tip ends away from the center pile 2 and in the same direction as the tip 9 of the center pile. , 4 and 5 provide the necessary supporting force. The center pile 2 is basically driven in the vertical direction. However, the center pile 2 is not limited to this, and can be driven at a predetermined angle depending on the situation of the installation ground.

  FIG. 29 to FIG. 32 show an example in which the wooden path 14 is constructed in the wetland in the park using the pile foundation according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, pile foundations composed of foundation piles 1 are installed in two rows at fixed intervals at positions where both ends of the wooden road in the width direction of the installation place of the wooden road, and a horizontal beam 15 is placed between the opposing foundation piles 1. Are fixed with appropriate bolts, the vertical beam 16 is arranged in the longitudinal direction using the horizontal beam 15, and the tread 17 is bridged using the vertical beam 16 to form the wooden path 14.

  According to the foundation pile and the structure of the pile foundation according to the present invention, as a foundation for various simple structures in soft ground such as swamps and wetlands, construction on site is easy without using heavy machinery, and the natural environment In addition to minimizing the load applied to the vehicle, a stable supporting force can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Foundation pile 2 ... Center pile 3, 4, 5 ... Support pile 6, 7, 8 ... Guide member 9 ... Tip part 10 ... Upper end part 11 ... Middle part 11a ... Front 11b ... 1st right side surface 11c ... 2nd 11d ... 1st left side 11e ... 2nd left side 12 ... Screw 13 ... Coach screw

Claims (12)

  A central pile whose longitudinal intermediate portion is formed in a hexagonal cross section and an intermediate portion peripheral surface not adjacent to each other of the central pile are fixed to each other and in a direction away from the central pile, and the tip of the central pile A foundation pile comprising three support piles obliquely installed at a predetermined angle in the same direction.   A center pile with a hexagonal cross-section in the middle in the longitudinal direction and a center pile that is inclined at a predetermined angle in the same direction as the tip of the center pile in a direction in which the upper surface is separated from the center pile. Three guide members fixed to non-adjacent intermediate part circumferential surfaces, and in a direction away from the central pile guided by the respective guide members, and obliquely installed at a predetermined angle in the same direction as the tip of the central pile And a support pile fixed to the peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the central pile not adjacent to each other. The foundation pile of Claim 1 or 2 which formed the upper end part of the center pile in the cross-sectional square shape. The foundation pile according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the three support piles are arranged at equal intervals in a plan view. The foundation pile of Claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 which made the arrangement angle with respect to the center pile of three support piles the same. The foundation pile according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 , wherein the support pile is disposed at an angle of about 30 degrees with respect to the center pile in the direction of the tip of the center pile.   In the vertical direction of the installation ground, after placing a central pile having a hexagonal cross-section in the middle in the longitudinal direction, the direction away from the central pile and in the same direction as the tip of the central pile 3 A structure of a pile foundation characterized in that three support piles are obliquely installed at a predetermined angle on the installation ground, and three support piles are fixed to intermediate peripheral surfaces of the central pile that are not adjacent to each other.   After placing a central pile with a hexagonal cross section in the vertical direction of the installation ground, the top surface is away from the central pile and in the same direction as the tip of the central pile In the direction away from the central pile and the same as the tip of the central pile, guided by three guide members fixed to the circumferential surfaces of the central pile that are not adjacent to each other so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle. A structure of a pile foundation characterized in that support piles are inclined at a predetermined angle in a direction and three support piles are fixed to intermediate peripheral surfaces of the central pile that are not adjacent to each other. The structure of the pile foundation of Claim 7 or 8 which formed the upper end part of the center pile in the cross-sectional square shape. The structure of a pile foundation according to claim 7, 8 or 9 , wherein three support piles are arranged at equal intervals in a plan view. The pile foundation structure according to claim 7, 8, 9, or 10, wherein the arrangement angles of the three support piles with respect to the central pile are the same. The structure of a pile foundation according to claim 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11 , wherein the support pile is disposed at an angle of about 30 degrees with respect to the central pile in the direction of the tip of the central pile.

Images