JP4952607B2

JP4952607B2 - Inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system, parent satellite and child satellite

Info

Publication number: JP4952607B2
Application number: JP2008028779A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 敦士山本; 寛池松; 友宏水野; 裕之佐藤; 康次苗村
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date: 2008-02-08
Filing date: 2008-02-08
Publication date: 2012-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2028-02-08
Also published as: JP2009184603A

Description

この発明は、例えば、太陽光宇宙発電システムにおいて複数の発電用子衛星を親衛星により管理する場合のように、親衛星と子衛星間で基準信号の位相同期をとることができる衛星間基準信号同期システム、このシステムに用いる親衛星及び子衛星に関するものである。 The present invention provides an inter-satellite reference signal capable of phase-synchronizing a reference signal between a parent satellite and a slave satellite, for example, when a plurality of power generating satellites are managed by a parent satellite in a solar space power generation system. The present invention relates to a synchronous system, a parent satellite and a child satellite used in this system.

例えば、特許文献１には、宇宙空間の軌道上に配置された発電用の衛星から、地上の受電設備へのマイクロ波による電力伝送に関する技術が記載されている。これらの文献に記載された技術は、地上の受電装置からパイロット信号を送信し、このパイロット信号の方向へ発電用の衛星からマイクロ波を送出する、いわゆるレトロディレクティブ方式の伝送方法に関するものであった。 For example, Patent Document 1 describes a technique related to power transmission by microwaves from a power generation satellite arranged on an orbit in outer space to a ground power receiving facility. The techniques described in these documents relate to a so-called retrodirective transmission method in which a pilot signal is transmitted from a power receiving device on the ground and a microwave is transmitted from a power generation satellite in the direction of the pilot signal. .

特開平６−２５３４７７号公報JP-A-6-253477

特許文献１に記載された従来の技術によれば、地上の受電装置から送信されたパイロット信号の到来方向へ発電用衛星からマイクロ波送電することができるものの、複数の発電用衛星を軌道上に配置してマイクロ波送電する場合には、各発電用衛星の相対位置の変動によって受電設備で受信する各発電用衛星からのマイクロ波の位相が異なり、合成して得られる電力が低下するという問題点があった。 According to the conventional technique described in Patent Document 1, although it is possible to perform microwave power transmission from the power generation satellite in the direction of arrival of the pilot signal transmitted from the ground power receiving apparatus, a plurality of power generation satellites are placed in orbit. In the case of microwave power transmission by arranging, the phase of the microwave from each power generation satellite received by the power receiving facility differs due to the change in the relative position of each power generation satellite, and the power obtained by combining decreases There was a point.

この発明は、上記のような問題点を解決するためになされたもので、子衛星の基準信号を親衛星の基準信号に同期するよう機能する衛星間基準信号同期システム、このシステムに用いる親衛星及び子衛星を得ることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system that functions to synchronize a reference signal of a child satellite with a reference signal of the parent satellite, and the parent satellite used in this system. And the purpose is to obtain a child satellite.

請求項１の発明に係る衛星間基準信号同期システムは、親衛星で生成する基準信号に子衛星での基準信号を同期させる衛星間基準信号同期システムにおいて、上記親衛星は、基準信号を生成する基準信号源と、この基準信号源により生成した基準信号に基づくリファレンス信号を上記子衛星へ送信するリファレンス信号送信アンテナと、このリファレンス信号を上記子衛星により折り返して送信されるリターン信号を受信するリターン信号受信アンテナと、上記基準信号源が生成する基準信号を移相する第１の移相器と、上記リターン信号受信アンテナにより受信したリターン信号の位相と、上記第１の移相器が出力する信号の位相とを比較し、位相差信号を出力する位相比較器と、この位相比較器が出力する位相差信号の高周波成分を除去し、上記移相器へ出力する低域通過フィルタと、上記第１の移相器の逆特性を有し上記低域通過フィルタが出力する位相差信号の半値により移相量が設定され、上記基準信号源が生成する基準信号を移相する第２の移相器と、この第２の移相器が出力する信号を送信する基準信号送信アンテナとを具備し、上記子衛星は、上記親衛星から送信された上記リファレンス信号を受信するリファレンス信号受信アンテナと、このリファレンス信号受信アンテナにより受信した受信信号を折り返してリターン信号を送信するリターン信号送信アンテナと、上記親衛星において上記リターン信号に基づいて位相補正された基準信号を受信する基準信号受信アンテナとを具備したことをものである。 The inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system according to claim 1 is an inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system that synchronizes a reference signal at a child satellite with a reference signal generated at a parent satellite. The parent satellite generates a reference signal. A reference signal source, a reference signal transmission antenna for transmitting a reference signal based on the reference signal generated by the reference signal source to the child satellite, and a return for receiving a return signal transmitted by returning the reference signal by the child satellite The signal receiving antenna, the first phase shifter that shifts the phase of the reference signal generated by the reference signal source, the phase of the return signal received by the return signal receiving antenna, and the first phase shifter output Compares the phase of the signal and outputs a phase difference signal, and removes the high-frequency component of the phase difference signal output by this phase comparator The phase shift amount is set by the half value of the phase difference signal output from the low-pass filter having the inverse characteristics of the low-pass filter output to the phase shifter and the first phase shifter, and the reference A second phase shifter that shifts a phase of a reference signal generated by a signal source; and a reference signal transmission antenna that transmits a signal output from the second phase shifter. A reference signal receiving antenna that receives the reference signal transmitted from the reference signal, a return signal transmitting antenna that loops back the received signal received by the reference signal receiving antenna and transmits a return signal, and the parent satellite based on the return signal. And a reference signal receiving antenna for receiving the phase-corrected reference signal.

請求項２の発明に係る親衛星は、基準信号を生成する基準信号源と、この基準信号源により生成した基準信号に基づくリファレンス信号を上記子衛星へ送信するリファレンス信号送信アンテナと、このリファレンス信号を上記子衛星により折り返して送信されるリターン信号を受信するリターン信号受信アンテナと、上記基準信号源が生成する基準信号を移相する第１の移相器と、上記リターン信号受信アンテナにより受信したリターン信号の位相と、上記第１の移相器が出力する信号の位相とを比較し、位相差信号を出力する位相比較器と、この位相比較器が出力する位相差信号の高周波成分を除去し、上記移相器へ出力する低域通過フィルタと、上記第１の移相器の逆特性を有し上記低域通過フィルタが出力する位相差信号の半値により移相量が設定され、上記基準信号源が生成する基準信号を移相する第２の移相器と、この第２の移相器が出力する信号を送信する基準信号送信アンテナとを備えたものである。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, a parent satellite includes a reference signal source that generates a reference signal, a reference signal transmission antenna that transmits a reference signal based on the reference signal generated by the reference signal source to the child satellite, and the reference signal. Is received by the return signal receiving antenna for receiving the return signal transmitted by the child satellite, the first phase shifter for phase shifting the reference signal generated by the reference signal source, and the return signal receiving antenna. The phase of the return signal is compared with the phase of the signal output by the first phase shifter, and the phase comparator that outputs the phase difference signal and the high-frequency component of the phase difference signal output by the phase comparator are removed. The low-pass filter that outputs to the phase shifter and the half-value of the phase difference signal that has the inverse characteristics of the first phase shifter and that the low-pass filter outputs. A phase shift is set and a second phase shifter that shifts the phase of the reference signal generated by the reference signal source, and a reference signal transmission antenna that transmits a signal output by the second phase shifter It is.

請求項３の発明に係る子衛星は、親衛星から送信される基準信号に基づくリファレンス信号を受信するリファレンス信号受信アンテナと、このリファレンス信号受信アンテナにより受信した受信信号を折り返してリターン信号を送信するリターン信号送信アンテナと、上記親衛星において、上記リターン信号と第１の移相器で移相された上記基準信号との位相差信号の高調波成分を除去した信号の半値に基づき移相量が設定される上記第１の移相器の逆特性を有する第２の移相器で、上記基準信号を移相することにより位相補正された上記基準信号を受信する基準信号受信アンテナとを備えたものである。
A child satellite according to a third aspect of the invention transmits a return signal by returning a reference signal receiving antenna that receives a reference signal based on a reference signal transmitted from the parent satellite, and a received signal received by the reference signal receiving antenna. In the return signal transmitting antenna and the parent satellite, the amount of phase shift is based on the half value of the signal obtained by removing the harmonic component of the phase difference signal between the return signal and the reference signal phase-shifted by the first phase shifter. A second phase shifter having a reverse characteristic of the first phase shifter to be set, comprising a reference signal receiving antenna that receives the reference signal phase-corrected by shifting the phase of the reference signal Is.

請求項４の発明に係る子衛星は、親衛星から送信される基準信号に基づくリファレンス信号を受信するリファレンス信号受信アンテナと、このリファレンス信号受信アンテナにより受信した受信信号を折り返してリターン信号を送信するリターン信号送信アンテナと、上記親衛星において上記リターン信号に基づいて位相補正された上記基準信号を受信する基準信号受信アンテナと、上記基準信号受信アンテナにより受信した上記基準信号に同期し、上記基準信号周波数を逓倍した周波数のローカル信号を生成するＰＬＬ周波数シンセサイザと、地上の受電装置から送信されるパイロット信号を受信するパイロット信号受信アンテナと、上記ＰＬＬ周波数シンセサイザが生成した上記ローカル信号と上記パイロット信号受信アンテナに受信したパイロット信号を混合するミキサと、このミキサが出力する信号の高周波成分を除去する低域通過フィルタと、この低域通過フィルタが出力する信号を増幅する増幅器と、この増幅器により増幅した信号を送信する送信アンテナとを具備したものである。

The child satellite according to the invention of claim 4 transmits a return signal by returning a reference signal receiving antenna for receiving a reference signal based on a reference signal transmitted from the parent satellite , and a received signal received by the reference signal receiving antenna. A return signal transmitting antenna; a reference signal receiving antenna that receives the reference signal phase-corrected based on the return signal in the parent satellite; and the reference signal synchronized with the reference signal received by the reference signal receiving antenna. A PLL frequency synthesizer that generates a local signal having a frequency multiplied by a frequency, a pilot signal receiving antenna that receives a pilot signal transmitted from a ground power receiving device, and the local signal and the pilot signal that are generated by the PLL frequency synthesizer To the antenna A mixer that mixes the pilot signal, a low-pass filter that removes high-frequency components of the signal output from the mixer, an amplifier that amplifies the signal output from the low-pass filter, and a signal amplified by the amplifier is transmitted A transmission antenna.

請求項５の発明に係る衛星間基準信号同期システムは、請求項１の発明に係る衛星間基準信号同期システムにおいて、上記親衛星は、上記基準信号源により生成した基準信号を上記子衛星の識別記号により変調して上記リファレンス信号を生成する第１の変復調回路を具備し、上記子衛星は受信した上記リファレンス信号から識別記号を復調し、保持している識別記号と比較して一致する場合に、上記リターン信号を送信する第２の変復調回路を具備したものである。 An inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system according to a fifth aspect of the invention is the inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the parent satellite identifies the reference signal generated by the reference signal source as the child satellite. A first modulation / demodulation circuit that generates a reference signal modulated by a symbol, and the slave satellite demodulates the identification symbol from the received reference signal and matches the identification symbol held A second modulation / demodulation circuit for transmitting the return signal is provided.

請求項６の発明に係る親衛星は、請求項２の発明に係る親衛星において、さらに、上記基準信号源により生成した基準信号を上記子衛星の識別記号により変調して上記リファレンス信号を生成する第１の変復調回路を具備したものである。 The parent satellite according to a sixth aspect of the invention is the parent satellite according to the second aspect of the invention, further generating a reference signal by modulating a reference signal generated by the reference signal source with an identification symbol of the child satellite. A first modulation / demodulation circuit is provided.

請求項７の発明に係る子衛星は、請求項３又は請求項４の発明に係る子衛星において、さらに、受信した上記リファレンス信号から識別記号を復調し、保持している識別記号と比較して一致するときに、上記リターン信号を送信する第２の変復調回路を具備したものである。 The slave satellite according to the invention of claim 7 is the slave satellite according to claim 3 or claim 4, further demodulating the identification symbol from the received reference signal and comparing it with the held identification symbol. A second modulation / demodulation circuit is provided for transmitting the return signal when they match.

請求項１乃至請求項３に記載の発明によれば、親衛星から送信したリファレンス信号を子衛星により折り返してリターン信号を親衛星により受信し、受信したリターン信号により基準信号を位相補正して、親衛星から子衛星へ位相補正した基準信号を送信するので、親衛星で生成する基準信号に子衛星での基準信号を同期させることができる。また請求項４に記載の発明によれば、子衛星から地上受電装置へ送信するマイクロ波の地上受電装置での位相を揃えることができる。 According to the first to third aspects of the present invention, the reference signal transmitted from the parent satellite is turned back by the child satellite, the return signal is received by the parent satellite, the phase of the reference signal is corrected by the received return signal, Since the reference signal whose phase is corrected is transmitted from the parent satellite to the child satellite, the reference signal in the child satellite can be synchronized with the reference signal generated in the parent satellite. According to the invention described in claim 4, it is possible to align the phases of the microwaves transmitted from the child satellites to the ground power receiving device at the ground power receiving device.

請求項５乃至請求項７に記載の発明によれば、親衛星から送信するリファレンス信号は子衛星の識別記号により基準信号を変調して生成しており、子衛星は受信したリファレンス信号から復調した識別記号が保持している識別記号と一致する場合にリターン信号を送信するので、親衛星から位相同期の対象とする子衛星を指定することができる。 According to the invention described in claims 5 to 7, the reference signal transmitted from the parent satellite is generated by modulating the reference signal with the identification symbol of the child satellite, and the child satellite is demodulated from the received reference signal. Since the return signal is transmitted when the identification symbol matches the retained identification symbol, the child satellite to be phase-synchronized can be designated from the parent satellite.

実施の形態１ Embodiment 1

この発明の実施の形態１に係る衛星間基準信号同期システム、このシステムに用いる親衛星及び子衛星について図１乃至図３を用いて説明する。図１はこの発明の実施の形態１に係る衛星間基準信号同期システムを含む太陽光宇宙発電システムの構成図である。図１において、１は親衛星、２は子衛星、３は地上受電装置であり、親衛星１によって複数の子衛星２が管理され、子衛星２は宇宙空間の軌道上に配置されて、太陽光エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換し、この電気エネルギーからマイクロ波を生成して地上へ向けて放出し、地上受電装置３で受信して電力を生成する。まず、親衛星１の構成について説明する。親衛星１において、４は親衛星１に搭載される基準信号源であり、５は子衛星での位相差を検出するために基準信号をリファレンス信号として子衛星２へ向けて送信するリファレンス信号送信アンテナ、６はリファレンス信号送信アンテナ５から送信したリファレンス信号が子衛星２により受信され折り返し送信されたリターン信号を受信するリターン信号受信アンテナ、７はリターン信号受信アンテナ６により受信したリターン信号に基づいて基準信号の補正を行う位相補正部、８は位相補正部により補正された基準信号を送信する基準信号送信アンテナである。位相補正部７において、９は制御電圧の増加に伴い，例えば位相量が増加する特性を有する移相器であり、１０は移相器９の逆特性を有し，制御電圧の増加に伴い，例えば位相量が減少する特性を有する移相器である。１１は子衛星２から送信されリターン信号受信アンテナ６により受信したリターン信号の位相と、移相器９を介した基準信号源４からの基準信号の位相とを比較し、位相差信号を出力する位相比較器であり、１２は位相差信号のＤＣ成分のみを取り出す低域通過フィルタである。１３は移相器１０の逆移相量を調整する電圧調整回路である。 An inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and a parent satellite and a child satellite used in this system will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a configuration diagram of a solar space power generation system including an inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a parent satellite, 2 is a child satellite, 3 is a terrestrial power receiving device, a plurality of child satellites 2 are managed by the parent satellite 1, and the child satellite 2 is arranged on an orbit in outer space. Light energy is converted into electric energy, a microwave is generated from the electric energy, emitted toward the ground, and received by the ground power receiving device 3 to generate electric power. First, the configuration of the parent satellite 1 will be described. In the parent satellite 1, reference numeral 4 is a reference signal source mounted on the parent satellite 1, and reference numeral 5 is a reference signal transmission for transmitting the reference signal as a reference signal to the child satellite 2 in order to detect a phase difference in the child satellite. An antenna 6 is a return signal receiving antenna that receives a return signal transmitted from the reference signal transmitting antenna 5 and received by the slave satellite 2 and transmitted back, and 7 is based on the return signal received by the return signal receiving antenna 6. A phase correction unit 8 for correcting the reference signal, and a reference signal transmission antenna 8 for transmitting the reference signal corrected by the phase correction unit. In the phase correction unit 7, 9 is a phase shifter having a characteristic that the phase amount increases, for example, as the control voltage increases, and 10 has a reverse characteristic of the phase shifter 9, and as the control voltage increases, For example, it is a phase shifter having a characteristic that the phase amount decreases. 11 compares the phase of the return signal transmitted from the child satellite 2 and received by the return signal receiving antenna 6 with the phase of the reference signal from the reference signal source 4 via the phase shifter 9 and outputs a phase difference signal. A phase comparator 12 is a low-pass filter that extracts only the DC component of the phase difference signal. Reference numeral 13 denotes a voltage adjustment circuit for adjusting the reverse phase shift amount of the phase shifter 10.

次に子衛星２及び地上受電装置３の構成について説明する。子衛星２において、１４は親衛星１のリファレンス信号送信アンテナ５から送信されたリファレンス信号を受信するリファレンス信号受信アンテナ、１５はリファレンス信号受信アンテナ１４により受信した信号を伝送する線路、１６は線路１５に接続され、リファレンス信号受信アンテナ１４により受信した信号を折り返してリターン信号として送信するリターン信号送信アンテナ、１７は親衛星１の基準信号送信アンテナ８から送信された位相補正された基準信号を受信する基準信号受信アンテナである。１８は基準信号受信アンテナ１７により受信した基準信号を基準信号受信期間内では保存しつつ出力し、基準信号受信期間以外では保存していた基準信号に基づいて基準信号の出力を維持して、子衛星２内の基準信号を持続させる基準信号維持回路であり，１９は基準信号に位相同期するとともに基準信号を周波数逓倍してローカル信号を生成するＰＬＬ周波数シンセサイザ（ＰＬＬは位相同期ループの意味であり、以下、ＰＬＬ１９と記載する。）である。２０は地上受電装置３からのパイロット信号を受信するパイロット信号受信アンテナ、２１はＰＬＬ１９が出力するローカル信号とパイロット信号とを混合するミキサ、２２はミキサ２１が出力する信号の高周波成分を除去する低域通過フィルタである。２３は低域通過フィルタ２２を通過した信号を高出力増幅する高出力増幅器、２４は太陽光による光エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換し、高出力増幅器２３へ電力供給する光電変換部、２５は地上受電装置３へマイクロ波を送信する送信アンテナである。地上受電装置３において、２６はパイロット信号を生成するパイロット信号生成部、２７はパイロット信号を高出力増幅する高出力増幅器、２８はパイロット信号を送信するパイロット信号送信アンテナである。２９は子衛星２から送信されたマイクロ波を受信する受信アンテナ（一般にレクテナとも呼ばれる。）、３０は受信アンテナ２９により受信したマイクロ波を整流し合成することにより電力を生成する整流合成部である。 Next, the configuration of the slave satellite 2 and the ground power receiving device 3 will be described. In the child satellite 2, reference numeral 14 is a reference signal receiving antenna that receives a reference signal transmitted from the reference signal transmitting antenna 5 of the parent satellite 1, 15 is a line that transmits a signal received by the reference signal receiving antenna 14, and 16 is a line 15. Is a return signal transmission antenna that loops back a signal received by the reference signal reception antenna 14 and transmits it as a return signal, and 17 receives the phase-corrected reference signal transmitted from the reference signal transmission antenna 8 of the parent satellite 1 Reference signal receiving antenna. Reference numeral 18 outputs the reference signal received by the reference signal receiving antenna 17 while storing it within the reference signal reception period, and maintains the output of the reference signal based on the reference signal stored outside the reference signal reception period. A reference signal maintaining circuit for sustaining a reference signal in the satellite 2, 19 is a PLL frequency synthesizer (PLL means a phase locked loop) that is phase-synchronized with the reference signal and frequency-multiplies the reference signal to generate a local signal , Hereinafter referred to as PLL19). 20 is a pilot signal receiving antenna that receives a pilot signal from the ground power receiving apparatus 3, 21 is a mixer that mixes the local signal output from the PLL 19 and the pilot signal, and 22 is a low signal that removes high-frequency components of the signal output from the mixer 21. It is a pass filter. 23 is a high-power amplifier that amplifies the signal that has passed through the low-pass filter 22, 24 is a photoelectric converter that converts light energy from sunlight into electrical energy, and supplies power to the high-power amplifier 23, and 25 is terrestrial power reception A transmission antenna that transmits microwaves to the device 3. In the ground power receiving apparatus 3, reference numeral 26 denotes a pilot signal generation unit that generates a pilot signal, 27 denotes a high-power amplifier that amplifies the pilot signal, and 28 denotes a pilot signal transmission antenna that transmits the pilot signal. Reference numeral 29 denotes a receiving antenna (generally called a rectenna) that receives a microwave transmitted from the child satellite 2, and 30 denotes a rectifying and synthesizing unit that generates electric power by rectifying and synthesizing the microwaves received by the receiving antenna 29. .

次に、図１に示した構成による衛星間基準信号同期の動作について説明する。親衛星１に搭載した基準信号源４は複数の子衛星２にとって共通の基準信号を提供する。基準信号源４が生成する基準信号の周波数をｆ_０、位相をφ_０とし、この基準信号をリファレンス信号としてリファレンス信号送信アンテナ５から送信する。子衛星２ではリファレンス信号受信アンテナ１４によりリファレンス信号を受信し、その受信信号の位相をφ_１とすると、親衛星１と子衛星２との間の空間位相はφ_１−φ_０となる。子衛星２内部の線路１５での位相差が無視できるものとし、子衛星２からそのまま親衛星１へ受信したリファレンス信号をリターン信号として折り返すと、親衛星２のリターン信号受信アンテナ６で受信するリターン信号の位相は２φ_１−φ_０となる。一方、移相器９での移相量をφ_Ｃとすると、移相器９を通した基準信号の位相はφ_０＋φ_Ｃとなる。この移相器９の出力信号の位相と、リターン信号受信アンテナ６により受信したリターン信号の位相とを位相比較器１１により比較し、これらの信号の位相が同値になるように低域通過フィルタ１２を介してループバックする。移相器９、位相比較器１１、低域通過フィルタ１２によるループ回路により、φ_０＋φ_Ｃ＝２φ_１−φ_０となり、φ_Ｃ＝２（φ_１−φ_０）となる。低域通過フィルタ１２で取り出された直流成分（制御電圧Ｖｃ）は、電圧調整回路１３へ入力される。電圧調整回路１３は電圧を例えば半値化し、移相器１０へ出力する。図２は移相器９と移相器１０の移相特性を示しており、移相器９に対して、移相器１０は逆特性のものであるので、移相器１０での符号反転した移相量は−φ_Ｃ／２＝φ_０−φ_１となる。したがって、移相器１０を通過した後の基準信号の位相は２φ_０−φ_１となり、これを子衛星２との空間位相に基づき位相補正した基準信号として、基準信号送信アンテナ８から送信する。親衛星１と子衛星１との間の空間位相は上述のとおりφ_１−φ_０であるので、子衛星２における基準信号受信アンテナ１７により受信する基準信号の位相はφ_０となり、衛星間の空間を経て，基準信号源４が生成する基準信号の位相と一致する。 Next, the operation of the inter-satellite reference signal synchronization with the configuration shown in FIG. 1 will be described. A reference signal source 4 mounted on the parent satellite 1 provides a common reference signal for the plurality of child satellites 2. The frequency of the reference signal generated by the reference signal source 4 is f ₀ and the phase is φ _0, and this reference signal is transmitted from the reference signal transmission antenna 5 as a reference signal. The child satellite 2 in the reference signal receiving antenna 14 receives the reference signal, when the phase of the received signal and phi _1, the spatial phase between the master satellite 1 and the child satellite 2 becomes phi ₁ -.phi _0. When the phase difference in the line 15 in the child satellite 2 is negligible and the reference signal received from the child satellite 2 as it is to the parent satellite 1 is returned as a return signal, the return signal received by the return signal receiving antenna 6 of the parent satellite 2 is returned. The phase of the signal is 2φ ₁ -φ ₀ . On the other hand, if the phase shift amount in the phase shifter 9 is φ _C , the phase of the reference signal that has passed through the phase shifter 9 is φ ₀ + φ _C. The phase of the output signal of the phase shifter 9 and the phase of the return signal received by the return signal receiving antenna 6 are compared by the phase comparator 11, and the low-pass filter 12 is set so that these signals have the same phase. Loop back through. By a loop circuit including the phase shifter 9, the phase comparator 11, and the low-pass filter 12, φ ₀ + φ _C = 2φ ₁ −φ ₀ and φ _C = 2 (φ ₁ −φ ₀ ). The DC component (control voltage Vc) extracted by the low-pass filter 12 is input to the voltage adjustment circuit 13. The voltage adjustment circuit 13 halves the voltage, for example, and outputs it to the phase shifter 10. FIG. 2 shows the phase shift characteristics of the phase shifter 9 and the phase shifter 10, and the phase shifter 10 has a reverse characteristic with respect to the phase shifter 9. The phase shift amount is −φ _C / 2 = φ ₀ −φ ₁ . Therefore, the phase of the reference signal after passing through the phase shifter 10 is 2φ ₀ −φ ₁ , and this is transmitted from the reference signal transmission antenna 8 as a reference signal whose phase is corrected based on the spatial phase with the child satellite 2. Since the spatial phase between the parent satellite 1 and the child satellite 1 is φ ₁ −φ _{0 as} described above, the phase of the reference signal received by the reference signal receiving antenna 17 in the child satellite 2 becomes φ ₀ , The phase of the reference signal generated by the reference signal source 4 coincides with the space.

このような衛星間基準信号同期システムにより、基準信号源を有する親衛星１と親衛星１からの基準信号を受信する子衛星２との間での基準信号の位相同期を図ることができる。子衛星２が複数配置されて、各子衛星２で太陽光発電し、各子衛星２から地上へマイクロ波により送電するような太陽光宇宙発電システムにおいても、上記の衛星間基準信号同期システムを用いれば、親衛星１の基準信号源が生成する基準信号に、各子衛星２の基準信号を同期させることができる。 With such an inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system, it is possible to achieve phase synchronization of the reference signal between the parent satellite 1 having the reference signal source and the child satellite 2 that receives the reference signal from the parent satellite 1. Even in a solar space power generation system in which a plurality of child satellites 2 are arranged, and each child satellite 2 generates solar power and transmits power from each child satellite 2 to the ground by the microwave, the inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system described above is used. If used, the reference signal of each child satellite 2 can be synchronized with the reference signal generated by the reference signal source of the parent satellite 1.

次に子衛星２において基準信号を再生成する動作について説明する。複数の子衛星２が存在している場合に、各子衛星２の基準信号の位相を親衛星１の基準信号源４が生成する位相に同期させるためには、親衛星１から子衛星２へリファレンス信号を送信し、子衛星２で折り返してリターン信号を親衛星１で受信し、補正した基準信号を基準信号送信アンテナ８から送信して、子衛星２の基準信号受信アンテナ１７により基準信号を受信するという基準信号受信期間を各子衛星２ごとに時分割で順々に行っていく必要がある。このため、各子衛星２では基準信号を受信している基準信号受信期間とそうでない期間とがあり、基準信号受信期間以外においても、基準信号受信期間に受信した基準信号に基づいて、子衛星２内の基準信号を維持する必要がある。そこで、図１に示す子衛星２には基準信号維持回路１８が設けられている。図３は基準信号維持回路１８の構成の一例を示す機能ブロック図である。図３において、３１は基準信号受信アンテナ１７により受信した基準信号をデジタル変換するＡ／Ｄ変換器、３２はＡ／Ｄ変換器３１からの基準信号のデジタル波形からその波形の各点の位相を検出し、ＤＤＳ３３の位相設定をする位相設定部であり、３３は位相設定部３２からの位相データに基づき子衛星２で使用する基準信号を再生成するＤＤＳ（ダイレクトデジタルシンセサイザ）である。３４は発振器、３５は位相比較器、３６は電圧制御発振器、３７は分周器であり、発振器３４からのクロック信号と、電圧制御発振器３６の出力からのフィードバック信号を分周器３７により分周した信号との位相を位相比較器３７により位相比較して位相差信号を電圧制御発振器３６へ入力することによりクロック信号を逓倍する。図３には、発振器３４のクロック信号周波数が１０ＭＨｚ、分周器の分周数を１００とした場合に電圧制御発振器３６からは１ＧＨｚの信号が出力され、ＤＤＳ３３の基準クロック信号として入力される例を示す。位相設定部３２は、基準信号受信期間中には、リアルタイムで基準信号のデジタル波形から位相を検出してＤＤＳ３３へ位相データを出力するとともに、位相データをメモリ３８へ書き込む。また、基準信号受信期間以外では位相設定部３２はメモリ３８に書き込まれた、基準信号の位相データ（例えば、基準信号１周期分の位相データ）を読み出し、ＤＤＳ３３へ出力する。ＤＤＳ３３は入力された位相データを電圧制御発振器３６から出力される信号（基準クロック信号）に基づき出力する。図３には、ＤＤＳ３３の出力周波数が基準信号周波数と同じ１０ＭＨｚである例を示す。なお、基準信号受信期間が終了した時点において、位相設定部３２は、ＤＤＳ３３へ設定する位相をＡ／Ｄ変換器３１からのデジタル波形に基づく位相データから、メモリ３８に書き込んだ位相データに切替えるが、この切替前後の位相がずれないようにするために、切替え前の例えば１周期分の位相データを正確にメモリ２９から読み出すものとする。 Next, the operation of regenerating the reference signal in the slave satellite 2 will be described. In order to synchronize the phase of the reference signal of each child satellite 2 with the phase generated by the reference signal source 4 of the parent satellite 1 when a plurality of child satellites 2 exist, the parent satellite 1 changes to the child satellite 2. A reference signal is transmitted, the return signal is received by the parent satellite 1 after being returned by the child satellite 2, the corrected reference signal is transmitted from the reference signal transmitting antenna 8, and the reference signal is received by the reference signal receiving antenna 17 of the child satellite 2. It is necessary to sequentially perform the reference signal reception period of reception for each child satellite 2 in time division. For this reason, each child satellite 2 has a reference signal reception period in which the reference signal is received and a period in which the reference signal is not received. Even in periods other than the reference signal reception period, the child satellite 2 is based on the reference signal received in the reference signal reception period. The reference signal in 2 needs to be maintained. Therefore, a reference signal maintaining circuit 18 is provided in the child satellite 2 shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the reference signal maintaining circuit 18. In FIG. 3, 31 is an A / D converter that digitally converts the reference signal received by the reference signal receiving antenna 17, and 32 is the phase of each point of the waveform from the digital waveform of the reference signal from the A / D converter 31. A phase setting unit that detects and sets the phase of the DDS 33. Reference numeral 33 denotes a DDS (direct digital synthesizer) that regenerates a reference signal used in the child satellite 2 based on the phase data from the phase setting unit 32. 34 is an oscillator, 35 is a phase comparator, 36 is a voltage controlled oscillator, and 37 is a frequency divider. The frequency divider 37 divides the clock signal from the oscillator 34 and the feedback signal from the output of the voltage controlled oscillator 36. The phase of the clock signal is compared by the phase comparator 37 and the phase difference signal is input to the voltage controlled oscillator 36 to multiply the clock signal. FIG. 3 shows an example in which when the clock signal frequency of the oscillator 34 is 10 MHz and the frequency divider frequency is 100, a 1 GHz signal is output from the voltage controlled oscillator 36 and is input as the reference clock signal of the DDS 33. Indicates. During the reference signal reception period, the phase setting unit 32 detects the phase from the digital waveform of the reference signal in real time, outputs the phase data to the DDS 33, and writes the phase data to the memory 38. Further, outside the reference signal reception period, the phase setting unit 32 reads the phase data of the reference signal (for example, phase data for one cycle of the reference signal) written in the memory 38 and outputs it to the DDS 33. The DDS 33 outputs the input phase data based on a signal (reference clock signal) output from the voltage controlled oscillator 36. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the output frequency of the DDS 33 is 10 MHz, which is the same as the reference signal frequency. When the reference signal reception period ends, the phase setting unit 32 switches the phase set in the DDS 33 from the phase data based on the digital waveform from the A / D converter 31 to the phase data written in the memory 38. In order not to shift the phase before and after the switching, for example, phase data for one cycle before the switching is accurately read from the memory 29.

次に子衛星２から地上受電装置３へマイクロ波により送電する動作について説明する。再生成された基準信号をＰＬＬ１９により周波数逓倍し、ＰＬＬ１９からローカル信号を出力する。ミキサ２１によりパイロット信号受信アンテナ２０で受信したパイロット信号とローカル信号とが混合される。ＰＬＬ１９が出力するローカル信号の周波数を２ｆｐ、パイロット信号周波数をｆｐとし、ＬＰＦ２２通過後の信号周波数はｆｐとする。また各信号の位相は、ＰＬＬ１９出力信号の位相をφ^’ _０とし、地上受電装置３から送信するパイロット信号の位相をφ_Ｐとし、子衛星２で受信されるパイロット信号の位相をφ_１とすれば、子衛星２と地上受電装置３との間の空間位相はφ_１−φ_Ｐとなり、子衛星２の送信アンテナ２５から送信する信号の位相はφ^’ _０−φ_１であり、地上受電装置３の受信アンテナ２９で受信するマイクロ波の位相はφ^’ _０−φ_Ｐとなる。位相φ^’ _０はＰＬＬ１９が出力するローカル信号の位相であるが、基準信号維持回路１８により再生成された基準信号に同期していることから、各子衛星２での位相φ^’ _０は一致しており、その結果、各子衛星２から送信され、地上受電装置３の受信アンテナ２９で受信したマイクロ波の位相φ^’ _０−φ_Ｐを一致させることができる。 Next, the operation of transmitting power from the child satellite 2 to the ground power receiving device 3 by microwave will be described. The regenerated reference signal is frequency-multiplied by the PLL 19 and a local signal is output from the PLL 19. The pilot signal received by the pilot signal receiving antenna 20 and the local signal are mixed by the mixer 21. The frequency of the local signal output from the PLL 19 is 2 fp, the pilot signal frequency is fp, and the signal frequency after passing through the LPF 22 is fp. The phase of each signal is set to φ ^′ _{0 as} the phase of the PLL 19 output signal, φ _{P as} the phase of the pilot signal transmitted from the ground power receiving device 3, and φ _{1 as} the phase of the pilot signal received by the child satellite 2. For example, the spatial phase between the child satellite 2 and the ground power receiving device 3 is φ ₁ −φ _P , and the phase of the signal transmitted from the transmitting antenna 25 of the child satellite 2 is φ ^′ ₀ −φ _1. third reception of the microwave received by the antenna 29 phase phi ^'becomes ₀ -.phi _P. The phase φ ^′ ₀ is the phase of the local signal output from the PLL 19, but since it is synchronized with the reference signal regenerated by the reference signal maintaining circuit 18, the phase φ ^′ ₀ in each child satellite 2 matches. As a result, the phase φ ^′ ₀ −φ _P of the microwaves transmitted from each child satellite 2 and received by the receiving antenna 29 of the ground power receiving device 3 can be matched.

実施の形態２ Embodiment 2

この発明の実施の形態２に係る衛星間基準信号同期システム、このシステムに用いる親衛星及び子衛星について図４を用いて説明する。図４はこの発明の実施の形態２に係る衛星間基準信号同期システムを含む太陽光宇宙発電システムの構成図であり、地上受電装置３については図１と同様の構成を有しており記載を省略したものである。図４において、３９は親衛星１内部に設けた送受信アンテナの干渉防止のための変復調回路であり、変復調回路３９は、子衛星２ごとに付した識別記号により基準信号源４が生成する基準信号を変調しリファレンス信号として時間分割で送信する。４０は子衛星２内部に設けた変復調回路であり、変復調回路４０は，受信したリファレンス信号を復調して得られる識別記号が保持している識別符号と一致する場合にリファレンス信号を折り返してリターン信号送信アンテナ１６から送信する。なお、図４において、図１と同一の符号を付した回路及び部品は、図１におけるそれらの回路及び部品と同一又は相当する回路及び部品である。 An inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and a parent satellite and a child satellite used in this system will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a solar space power generation system including an inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The ground power receiving device 3 has the same configuration as FIG. It is omitted. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 39 denotes a modulation / demodulation circuit for preventing transmission / reception antenna interference provided in the parent satellite 1, and the modulation / demodulation circuit 39 generates a reference signal generated by the reference signal source 4 based on an identification symbol assigned to each child satellite 2. Is modulated and transmitted as a reference signal in a time division manner. Reference numeral 40 denotes a modulation / demodulation circuit provided in the child satellite 2. The modulation / demodulation circuit 40 wraps the reference signal and returns a return signal when the identification code obtained by demodulating the received reference signal matches the identification code held. Transmit from the transmitting antenna 16. In FIG. 4, circuits and components having the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 are the same or corresponding circuits and components as those circuits and components in FIG.

親衛星１は複数の子衛星２に対して，各子衛星２固有の識別記号により変調を行ったリファレンス信号を送信する。例えば、親衛星１は１の子衛星２に対して基準を合わせるためにΔｔ１＝Ｔ／ｎの時間だけ、当該１の子衛星２に向けてリファレンス信号を送信する。このとき、衛星の位置、指向性の精度等により、例えば当該１の子衛星２および他の子衛星２が親衛星１からの基準信号を受信したとする。当該１の子衛星２は受信したリファレンス信号を折り返してリターン信号として送信し、親衛星１はリターン信号を受信して位相補正を行い、子衛星２に向けて補正した基準信号を送信する。同時に、他の子衛星２が衛星内部で復調を行い、保存している識別記号と異なるものであると判断し，親衛星１への送信を中断する。この判定期間は数百マイクロ秒から数ミリ秒以内であると推算されるものであり、Δｔ１（数十〜数百ミリ秒）よりも十分短い。したがって、リファレンス信号に基づく基準信号の位相補正をΔｔ１の間で十分に実行することが可能である。以上のように、親衛星１はリターン信号を返信させる対象の子衛星を指定することができ、この指定は時間分割で複数の子衛星を順々に指定するものとすることができ、各子衛星２は保持している識別記号によってリファレンス信号を判別し、親衛星２の指定どおり、リターン信号を送信することができる。 The parent satellite 1 transmits a reference signal modulated with an identification symbol unique to each child satellite 2 to the plurality of child satellites 2. For example, the parent satellite 1 transmits a reference signal toward the one child satellite 2 for the time of Δt1 = T / n in order to match the reference with the one child satellite 2. At this time, it is assumed that, for example, the one child satellite 2 and the other child satellite 2 receive the reference signal from the parent satellite 1 due to the position of the satellite, the directivity accuracy, and the like. The one child satellite 2 returns the received reference signal and transmits it as a return signal, and the parent satellite 1 receives the return signal, performs phase correction, and transmits a corrected reference signal toward the child satellite 2. At the same time, another child satellite 2 demodulates inside the satellite, determines that it is different from the stored identification symbol, and stops transmission to the parent satellite 1. This determination period is estimated to be within several hundred microseconds to several milliseconds, and is sufficiently shorter than Δt1 (several tens to several hundreds milliseconds). Therefore, the phase correction of the reference signal based on the reference signal can be sufficiently performed during Δt1. As described above, the parent satellite 1 can designate a child satellite to which a return signal is returned, and this designation can designate a plurality of child satellites in order by time division. The satellite 2 can discriminate the reference signal based on the identification symbol that it holds, and can transmit a return signal as designated by the parent satellite 2.

この発明の実施の形態１に係る衛星間基準信号同期システムを含む太陽光宇宙発電システムの構成図である。1 is a configuration diagram of a solar space power generation system including an inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 親衛星の２つの移相器の移相特性を示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the phase shift characteristic of two phase shifters of a parent satellite. 子衛星の基準信号維持回路の構成の一例を示す機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram which shows an example of a structure of the reference signal maintenance circuit of a child satellite. この発明の実施の形態２に係る衛星間基準信号同期システムを含む太陽光宇宙発電システムの構成図である。It is a block diagram of the solar space power generation system containing the inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

１親衛星
２子衛星
３地上受電装置
４基準信号源
５リファレンス信号送信アンテナ
６リターン信号受信アンテナ
８基準信号送信アンテナ
９第１の移相器
１０第２の移相器
１１位相比較器
１２低域通過フィルタ
１４リファレンス信号受信アンテナ
１６リターン信号送信アンテナ
１７基準信号受信アンテナ
１９ＰＬＬ周波数シンセサイザ
２０パイロット信号受信アンテナ
２１ミキサ
２２低域通過フィルタ
２３高出力増幅器
２５送信アンテナ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Parent satellite 2 Child satellite 3 Ground power receiving device 4 Reference signal source 5 Reference signal transmission antenna 6 Return signal reception antenna 8 Reference signal transmission antenna 9 1st phase shifter 10 2nd phase shifter 11 Phase comparator 12 Low region Pass filter 14 Reference signal receiving antenna 16 Return signal transmitting antenna 17 Reference signal receiving antenna 19 PLL frequency synthesizer 20 Pilot signal receiving antenna 21 Mixer 22 Low pass filter 23 High power amplifier 25 Transmitting antenna

Claims

In the inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system that synchronizes the reference signal generated by the parent satellite with the reference signal generated by the parent satellite, the parent satellite includes a reference signal source that generates a reference signal and a reference signal generated by the reference signal source. A reference signal transmitting antenna for transmitting a reference signal based on the reference signal to the child satellite, a return signal receiving antenna for receiving a return signal transmitted by returning the reference signal by the child satellite, and a reference signal generated by the reference signal source. A phase that outputs a phase difference signal by comparing the phase of the first phase shifter that performs phase shift, the phase of the return signal received by the return signal receiving antenna, and the phase of the signal that is output by the first phase shifter. A comparator, a low-pass filter that removes a high-frequency component of the phase difference signal output from the phase comparator and outputs the signal to the phase shifter, and the first filter A phase shift amount is set by a half value of the phase difference signal output from the low-pass filter and has a reverse characteristic of the phase shifter, and a phase shift is performed on the reference signal generated by the reference signal source. And a reference signal transmitting antenna that transmits a signal output from the second phase shifter, and the child satellite includes a reference signal receiving antenna that receives the reference signal transmitted from the parent satellite; A return signal transmitting antenna that wraps a received signal received by a reference signal receiving antenna and transmits a return signal; and a reference signal receiving antenna that receives a reference signal phase-corrected based on the return signal in the parent satellite. That the inter-satellite reference signal synchronization system.

A reference signal source that generates a reference signal, a reference signal transmission antenna that transmits a reference signal based on the reference signal generated by the reference signal source to a child satellite, and a return signal that is transmitted by looping back the reference signal by the child satellite A return signal receiving antenna for receiving the reference signal, a first phase shifter for phase shifting the reference signal generated by the reference signal source, a phase of the return signal received by the return signal receiving antenna, and the first phase shift. Compares the phase of the signal output from the phase detector and outputs a phase difference signal, and removes the high frequency component of the phase difference signal output from the phase comparator and outputs to the phase shifter. The phase shift amount is set by the half value of the phase difference signal output from the low-pass filter having the inverse characteristics of the filter and the first phase shifter, and the reference signal source Parent satellite, wherein the second phase shifter Sosuru transfer the reference signal for forming, in that a reference signal transmission antenna for transmitting a signal output from the second phase shifter.

In the reference signal receiving antenna that receives the reference signal based on the reference signal transmitted from the parent satellite, the return signal transmitting antenna that transmits the return signal by returning the received signal received by the reference signal receiving antenna, and the parent satellite , The phase shift amount of the first phase shifter is set based on a half value of the signal obtained by removing the harmonic component of the phase difference signal between the return signal and the reference signal phase shifted by the first phase shifter. A slave satellite comprising: a reference signal receiving antenna that receives the reference signal phase-corrected by shifting the phase of the reference signal by a second phase shifter having an inverse characteristic .

A reference signal receiving antenna that receives a reference signal based on a reference signal transmitted from a parent satellite, a return signal transmitting antenna that loops back a received signal received by the reference signal receiving antenna and transmits a return signal, and the parent satellite A reference signal receiving antenna that receives the reference signal phase-corrected based on a return signal, and a local signal having a frequency that is multiplied by the reference signal frequency in synchronization with the reference signal received by the reference signal receiving antenna. A mixer that mixes a PLL frequency synthesizer, a pilot signal receiving antenna that receives a pilot signal transmitted from a power receiving apparatus on the ground, and the pilot signal received by the pilot signal receiving antenna, the local signal generated by the PLL frequency synthesizer. And a low-pass filter that removes high-frequency components of the signal output from the mixer, an amplifier that amplifies the signal output from the low-pass filter, and a transmission antenna that transmits the signal amplified by the amplifier. A child satellite characterized by that.

The parent satellite includes a first modulation / demodulation circuit that generates the reference signal by modulating the reference signal generated by the reference signal source with the identification symbol of the child satellite, and the child satellite receives the received reference signal. 2. The intersatellite reference signal according to claim 1, further comprising a second modulation / demodulation circuit that transmits the return signal when the identification symbol is demodulated and compared with the held identification symbol. Synchronous system.

3. The parent satellite according to claim 2, further comprising a first modulation / demodulation circuit that generates the reference signal by modulating the reference signal generated by the reference signal source with an identification symbol of the child satellite. Parent satellite.

The child satellite according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising: demodulating an identification symbol from the received reference signal, and transmitting the return signal when the identification symbol matches with the held identification symbol. A child satellite comprising two modulation / demodulation circuits.