JP4952302B2 - Wind power generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator that rotates a windmill even in a light breeze to enhance the landscape.

  In recent years, wind power generators have attracted attention as environmentally-friendly clean power generation systems due to diversification of energy use and improvement of power generation technology, and relatively small-capacity wind power generation systems are installed in towns and suburbs. It is like that.

  Conventionally, this type of device does not rotate unless the wind blows to a wind speed that exceeds the electrical loss and mechanical loss of the windmill. Therefore, in order for the windmill to start rotating, it performs a power running operation and rotates it as a motor. For this purpose, an integrated control device (bidirectional chopper circuit) is known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  Hereinafter, the wind power generator in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 9, in the wind turbine generator, a generator 102 driven by a windmill 101 is connected to an electric power system via a power generation controller 105 configured by a converter 103 and an inverter 104. Among these, the wind speed discriminator 106 and the rotation speed discriminator 107 determine that the wind speed is a wind speed capable of generating power, but the rotor rotation speed N is the rotor stop rotation speed N _O ≦ N ≦ power generation start rotation speed N _P. Then, based on the output current characteristics in the output adjustment circuit 108 and the output current of the converter 103 detected by the current detector CT1 and the rotor rotational speed N, the output current of the converter 103 is controlled to perform the power running operation of the generator 102. And the rotor rotation speed N is the power generation start rotation speed N _P
When the current rises to, the generator 102 is controlled to switch to regenerative operation and start power generation. Further, when the wind turbine 101 does not start even at a wind speed at which power can be generated, the rotor is forcibly rotated by powering operation to reliably generate power.

  In this configuration, since the wind speed is lower than the wind speed at which power generation is started at the time of low wind speed, the power running operation is not performed and the windmill does not rotate.

JP-A-8-322298

  In such a wind turbine generator, the rotor is forcibly rotated to a rotational speed that can generate power reliably by powering operation, so a large amount of electric power is required, and commercial power is consumed to supplement the electric power. There is a problem, and there is a demand for a wind turbine generator that does not require an external commercial power source.

  In addition, since small wind power generators have been installed in towns in recent years, it is required to improve the rotation frequency so that the windmill rotates under a slight wind for landscape reasons. However, when rotating without wind, there is a problem in that wasteful power is consumed in order to perform power running operation without generating power.

  The present invention solves the above-described problem, and provides a wind turbine generator that can improve the landscape by increasing the frequency of rotation of a windmill in a light breeze and can suppress wasteful power consumption when there is no wind. The first purpose.

  The second object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine generator that can visually recognize the rotation of the windmill even at night.

  In order to achieve the first object, the wind power generator of the present invention is configured so that a DC brushless motor can be used as a generator, and the wind turbine does not start rotating by wind power by the control device that constitutes the DC brushless motor. In this region, the DC brushless motor is intermittently started to perform a power running operation that energizes the start of rotation of the windmill, thereby increasing the rotation frequency of the windmill in the light wind region. Further, in a windless state, the powering operation frequency is reduced to reduce the consumption of the stored battery as much as possible.

  In order to achieve the second object, the wind power generator according to the present invention includes an illuminance sensor and a light emitting means added to the wind power generator for achieving the first object. The operation is automatically stopped, and the light emitter is caused to emit light according to the rotation of the windmill so that the rotation of the windmill can be visually recognized.

  Even in a light breeze, the frequency of windmill rotation increases and the landscape improves. In addition, it is possible to provide a wind power generator that is rich in scenery and can visually recognize the rotation of the windmill at night.

The figure for demonstrating the objective of the wind power generator of the reference example 1 of this invention Diagram showing the configuration of the wind turbine generator The figure for demonstrating the operation | movement about the windmill drive Flow chart for explaining a series of operations in the same power running Flow chart for explaining predictive control of the same power running operation The figure which shows the structure of the wind power generator of Embodiment 1 of this invention. The figure which shows the light emission state of the light emission means Flow chart for explaining a series of operations of the control device The figure which shows the structure of the conventional wind power generator

The invention of claim 1, wherein the present invention, the controller and the stator and the stator windings at the direction of the rotor and the control device generates a periodic energized rotating magnetic field for rotating the rotor wherein and the DC brushless motor having a drive unit, a wind turbine attached to a rotating shaft of the rotor, and a switch for disconnecting the stator windings from the drive unit, the switch is the stator windings of the when disconnected from the drive unit, the rotation by the wind of the wind turbine, a wind turbine generator and a power storage unit for storing the power generated in the stator winding, said control device the rotation of the wind turbine comprising a rotation sensor for detecting, when the wind turbine is detected that does not rotate by the wind, wind that the DC brushless motor performs a power running operation for intermittently driven at a predetermined period by the power of the power storage means An apparatus, control apparatus is provided with an illuminance sensor which is arranged in the vicinity of the wind turbine and the light emitting unit, when the illuminance sensor detects the night so as not to perform power running, and the illuminance sensor at night When it is determined that the windmill is rotated by the wind power when the light is detected , the light emitting means is caused to emit light .

Thus, by using an inexpensive motor, which is mass-produced, thus low cost, it is possible to provide a small wind power generator for home windmills excellent scenery of rotating in breeze, wind turbine rotate during the night You can see what you are doing and the scenery is improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator according to the first aspect , the light emitting means has a plurality of light emission colors, and the control device performs a windmill rotation not generating power and a windmill rotating during power generation. It is characterized in that it emits light with distinction according to the emission color.

  Thereby, it is possible to visually recognize whether the user is generating power at night.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the wind power generator according to the first aspect , the control device causes the light emitting means to blink at a cycle proportional to the rotation cycle of the windmill.

  This makes it possible to visually recognize the rotational speed of the windmill and the magnitude of the power generation amount at night.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the wind power generator according to the first aspect , the energy for lighting the light emitting means is obtained from the power generation energy of the generator.

  This eliminates the need to obtain energy for light emission from the power storage means.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In addition, in order to make the explanation easy to understand, the numerical value is increased and described, but the present invention is not limited to this numerical value.

( Reference Example 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the purpose of the wind turbine generator of this reference example .

  In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates the wind speed, and the vertical axis indicates the rotational speed of the windmill. The characteristic indicated by the solid line indicates the normal rotational characteristic.

  That is, the wind turbine is activated at a wind speed of 2 m / s and exhibits rotational characteristics substantially proportional to the wind speed up to a wind speed of 7 m / s at which power generation is started, and the rotational speed is slowed down at a wind speed of 7 m / s or more in the power generation region. Show.

  At a wind speed of 2 m / s or less, since the windmill does not start rotating, by performing a power running operation that energizes the start-up of the windmill, a light wind region of about 1 m / s to 2 m / s as shown by the dotted line characteristic in the figure. The purpose of the wind turbine generator of the present embodiment is to rotate the windmill even at the wind speed.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the wind turbine generator of this reference example .

  The Savonius type or propeller type windmill 1 is attached to the rotating shaft of the generator 2, and the output of the generator 2 is connected to the switch 3. The switch 3 is on the b side during power generation, and the generated AC voltage is converted into a direct current by the rectifier 4 and charged to the power storage means 6 such as a lead storage battery by the charging means 5 to obtain power from the output terminal 7. is there.

  In addition, as a configuration for driving the windmill 1 in a light wind region, the above-described generator 2 is configured as a part of the DC brushless motor 8. The motor drive unit 10 excites a plurality of stator windings (generally three, not shown) of the machine 2 and a rotation sensor 11 that detects the position of the magnetic poles of the rotor of the generator 2.

  The control device 9 operates by receiving power supply from the power storage means 6.

  When driving the windmill 1, the control device 9 sets the switch 3 to the a side, and sequentially excites a plurality of stator windings based on the position information of the magnetic poles of the rotor from the rotation sensor 11 to generate a rotating magnetic field. It generates and drives the generator 2 as a motor.

  The energy for exciting the stator winding by the motor drive unit 10 is supplied from the power storage means 6.

  In addition, the motor driving unit 10 has a function of increasing the excitation force of the stator winding by dividing the voltage applied to the stator winding, that is, a function of gradually increasing the driving force of the motor. Have.

  The upper limit value of the driving force (the upper limit value of the applied voltage) is instructed by the control device 9, and the control device 9 reads the setting of the driving force adjuster (switch, etc.) 12 connected thereto, carry out.

  Next, the driving force of the motor will be described with reference to the operation for driving the windmill in FIG.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the portion surrounded by the dotted line in FIG. 1, and the vertical axis indicates the driving force of the motor.

  The figure shows the driving force of the motor necessary to start the rotation of the windmill under a wind speed of 2 m / s or less, at which the windmill does not start rotating with wind power.

  For example, when a driving force of Pn is applied to the motor, the windmill starts rotating even at a wind speed of 1.5 m / s, and after the start of rotation, the wind speed is 0.5 m / s due to the inertial force of the windmill without the driving force of the motor. If it is greater than or equal to s, it indicates that the rotation is continued.

  Similarly, when the driving force of the motor is Pm, the windmill starts rotating at a wind speed of 1 m / s, and thereafter, if the wind speed m is 0.5 m / s or more, the rotation continues.

  The driving force Px indicates a limit wind speed at which the windmill does not continuously rotate even when the windmill is driven by a motor.

  The driving force increases as the wind speed decreases, consuming a lot of battery energy, and the wind speed fluctuates with time, so even if it is driven with the maximum driving force Px, the wind speed immediately decreases. In this embodiment, the upper limit of the driving force is set to Pm because it is predicted that there are many occasions where it is wasted that the wind turbine has stopped and has been driven with great effort.

  Next, based on the above, a series of operations centering on the control device 9 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  Note that the operation described below is executed in the form of a program stored in the ROM of the CPU in which the CPU of the control device 9 cooperates with the ROM, RAM, and counter.

  First, FIG. 4 will be described.

  In S (step) 1, it is checked by the rotation sensor 11 whether the windmill is rotating. If it is rotating, the contact of the switch 3 is set to b, and power generation is waited (S2).

  If the wind speed is 7 m / s or more, the energy generated in the power generation region and generated by the generator 2 is stored in the power storage means 6.

  If not, then in S3, the electric capacity or battery voltage of the power storage means 6 is checked.

  Here, if it is determined that the battery voltage is low and insufficient to drive the generator 2 as a motor, it waits for the windmill to rotate in the same state as S2, but if the battery voltage is sufficient, in the next S4 The generator 3 is driven as a motor with the switch 3 set to the a side (S5).

  The motor is driven so as to gradually increase from Po to Pm within a few seconds.

  If it is detected that the motor has rotated during this motor driving process, it is determined in S6 that the wind is in a breeze (1 m / s or more), and the driving of the motor is immediately stopped (S7). Monitor the process of rotation for the minute to see the fluctuation of the wind, and if the rotation continues in the next S9, return to S2 and wait for power generation, but if the rotation has stopped, wait for 3 minutes in S10 Then (without driving the motor during this time), the process returns to S1 again to try the next motor drive.

  Returning to S6 again, when the rotation is not continued in S6, it is determined that there is no wind (1 m / s or less), and in S11, the motor continues to be driven with the driving force Pm for 10 seconds. During this time, it is checked in S12 whether the windmill is rotating. This is for expecting whether a breeze (1 m / s or more) is suddenly generated. If rotation is detected in S12, the determination is corrected as a slight breeze and the process proceeds to S7 described above.

  On the other hand, if the rotation is not detected, the motor drive is stopped in S13, and the next S14 is waited for 10 minutes (the motor is not driven during this time), and the process returns to S1 again to drive the next motor. Try.

  As explained above, in a breeze or no wind region where the windmill does not rotate by itself, the generator is driven intermittently as a motor at predetermined intervals, and whether or not the windmill continues to rotate with wind power after stopping When it is judged that there is no wind, when it is judged that the wind is light, the predetermined interval for driving the motor is shortened to increase the frequency of rotation of the windmill, and when it is judged that there is no wind, the interval for driving the motor is increased. Thus, wasteful power consumption is suppressed.

  In addition, the use of a DC brushless motor that has come to be generally used in a ventilator or the like for a generator and the determination of a slight wind without using an expensive wind speed sensor can be made at low cost.

  Next, FIG. 5 will be described. FIG. 5 illustrates predictive control of powering operation for the purpose of further reducing unnecessary power consumption by predicting rowing of morning and evening winds for 10 minutes as described in S14 of FIG. It is a figure for doing.

  The control device 9 starts measuring the number of rotations of the windmill by the rotation sensor 11 in S21.

  The rotational speed for 10 minutes is measured (S21), and the cumulative value of the rotational speed is stored in a storage device (storage function, RAM) in the CPU in S23.

  The operations from S1 to S3 are repeated, and each time, data every 10 minutes is stored in the storage device.

  Next, in S24, the moving average of the data every 10 minutes is obtained by the CPU calculation function. In S25, it is determined whether or not the tendency of the moving average is decreasing. It is determined whether the stored data is below a predetermined value. This predetermined value is set to a value corresponding to the rotational speed of the windmill at a windless area to a light wind area, for example, at a wind speed of 1 m / s.

  If YES is determined in S26, the standby time of 10 minutes described in S14 of FIG. 4 is changed to 20 minutes in S27.

  The above-described S21 to S27 are repeated, and when it is determined in S25 that the moving average tendency is not decreasing, the standby time returns to 10 minutes.

  As described above, the wind turbine generator according to the present embodiment predicts morning and evening wind dredging in advance and lengthens the predetermined motor drive interval for power running so as to suppress unnecessary power consumption. It is a thing.

(Embodiment 1 )
The present embodiment is for achieving the second object of the present invention described above, and will be described with reference to FIGS. The same parts as those in Reference Example 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the wind turbine generator according to the present embodiment. This embodiment has a configuration obtained by adding a new element to the configuration of FIG. 2 of the aforementioned Reference Example 1.

  Therefore, the description with the same reference numerals as in FIG. 2 is omitted. The motor driving unit 10 and the driving force adjuster 12 are not shown.

  The illuminance sensor 13 disposed in the vicinity of the windmill 1 is connected to the control device 9, and the light emitting means 14 also disposed in the vicinity of the windmill 1 is connected to the control device 9 and the rectifier 4.

  The light emitting means 14 is, for example, a plurality of light emitting diodes that emit visible light, obtains energy of light emission from the rectifier 4, and the light emission is controlled by an instruction from the control device 9.

  The control device 9 is connected to a selection switch 15 for selecting whether or not to emit light.

  Next, the operation of the control device 9 of this wind turbine generator will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing a light emission state of the light emitting means 14.

  In FIG. 8, first, in S31, it is determined whether or not the illuminance sensor 13 is equal to or lower than a predetermined illuminance. Next, in S32, the setting of the selection switch 15 for selecting presence / absence of light emission is checked. If YES, the presence / absence of rotation of the windmill is checked in next S34.

  Next, in S35, it is checked whether the windmill is in a power generation state. This power generation state is determined by whether the generated voltage is sufficiently high and the charging means 5 is charging the power storage means 6.

  If the determination in S35 is NO (no-load rotation), the green light-emitting lamp of the illuminant 14 is blinked at the cycle of the windmill or a proportional cycle.

  The flashing energy of the luminous body 14 is obtained from the rectifier 4.

  Even in the region of no-load rotation of the windmill, the generator 2 is generating power, which is insufficient for storing in the power storage means 6, but sufficient for lighting the light emitting diode.

  Since the power generation voltage of the generator 2 is proportional to the number of rotations of the windmill, not only blinking in proportion to the rotation cycle of the windmill is obtained, but light can be emitted with an illuminance substantially proportional to the rotation of the windmill.

  Returning to S35 again, if this determination is YES, that is, if the windmill is in the power generation rotation state, the red light-emitting lamp blinks in S37. The blinking cycle and illuminance are the same as in S36.

  As described above, the wind turbine generator of the present embodiment automatically stops the power running operation at night to save the consumption of the stored power.

  Further, the rotating state of the windmill can be visually recognized by emitting light with the light emitting means, and the user can easily visually recognize whether the windmill is in the power generation state even at night.

  In addition, the flashing light emission is synchronized with or proportional to the rotation of the windmill, so that not only the speed of the windmill rotation and the level of power generation can be seen, but also the flashing period and illuminance change according to the fluctuation of the wind. In this way, the landscape is improved.

  The wind power generator of the present invention is excellent in landscape, because the windmill rotates even in light breeze and the color and cycle of light emission change according to the rotation of the windmill even at night. It can also be used for business facilities such as restaurants and various public facilities such as parks.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Windmill 2 Generator 3 Switcher 4 Rectifier 5 Charging means 6 Power storage means 7 Output terminal 8 DC brushless motor 9 Control apparatus 10 Motor drive part 11 Rotation sensor 12 Driving force regulator 13 Illuminance sensor 14 Light emission means 15 Selection switch

Claims (4)

A DC brushless motor comprising a control device, a stator, a rotor, and a drive unit for periodically exciting the stator windings according to instructions from the control device to generate a rotating magnetic field to rotate the rotor; A windmill attached to the rotating shaft of the rotor, a switch for disconnecting the stator winding from the drive unit, and wind power of the windmill when the switch disconnects the stator winding from the drive unit. And a power storage unit that stores electric power generated in the stator windings by rotation of the wind turbine, wherein the control device includes a rotation sensor that detects the rotation of the windmill, and the windmill includes wind power. when it is detected that not rotating manner, the DC brushless motor, a wind turbine generator that performs power running intermittently driven at a predetermined period by the power of the power storage unit, the control device, the wind An illuminance sensor and a light emitting means disposed in the vicinity of the vehicle, and when the illuminance sensor detects nighttime, do not perform powering operation, and when the illuminance sensor detects nighttime, the windmill rotates by wind power A wind power generator that causes the light-emitting means to emit light when it is determined that Emitting means has a plurality of emission colors, controller, wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein for emitting a wind turbine in the generator and the wind turbine rotor does not generate power distinguished by the luminescent color. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the controller causes the light emitting means to blink at a cycle proportional to the rotation cycle of the windmill. Wind turbine generator of energy for lighting the light emitting means and to obtain from the generated energy of the generator according to claim 1.

Images