JP4949586B2 - Solenoid valve - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
"Technical field"
The invention relates to an electromagnetic valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
"Background Technology"
German patent application DE 197 00 980 A1 discloses a general type of electromagnetic valve that can exclusively adopt the function of a two-position valve with a bistable operation by a simple design choice.
[0002]
Further, although well-balanced electromagnetic valves, those that require careful efforts are known from the viewpoint of control technology and structure. An electromagnetic valve of this type of construction is described in German patent application DE 196 538 95 A1.
"Disclosure of invention"
In view of the foregoing, the object of the present invention is to improve a general type of bistable solenoid valve, for the purpose of volumetric flow control, in which the valve operates as an analog valve or a proportional valve, respectively. That is, to keep the simplest possible design.
[0003]
According to the invention, this object is achieved for an electromagnetic valve of the type mentioned so far by the features described as the features of claim 1.
[0004]
Further features, advantages and possible applications of the invention are described below by means of several accompanying drawings.
“Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention”
The embodiment of FIG. 1 shows a modern electromagnetic valve that is normally closed in the basic position, the valve housing 1 being of a typical shape of the cartridge type. The top of the valve housing 1 is designed like a thin-walled valve sleeve 2 having a cylindrical magnet core 3 mounted in its dome-shaped closed area. The piston-shaped magnet armature 5 is located below the magnet core 3. The magnet core 3 contains a spring 6 known per se with a linear characteristic curve in a stepped hole, which spring within the volume of the helical compression spring is against the end surface of the magnet armature 5 of the coil. One end extends. Therefore, according to the figure, at the basic position of the valve, the pressure fluid passage 9 penetrating the valve housing 1 in the horizontal and vertical directions is blocked, so that under the effect of the spring 6, the magnet armature 5 is closed by the tappet-shaped valve. Together with the member 7, the valve seat 8 in the valve housing 1 is pressed. The tappet-shaped valve closing member 7 is fixed to the magnet armature 5, preferably by means of compression fitting, and concentrically fixed to the valve housing 1 with respect to the valve seat 8 at one end portion 8 close to the valve seat 8. The guide sleeve 10 is positioned at the center thereof.
[0005]
The magnetic circuit is closed by energizing the valve coil 11 through a valve coil 11 fitted to the valve housing 1 and a yoke ring 12 partially surrounding the coil, and the magnet armature 5 is directed in the direction of the magnet core 3. Can move.
[0006]
Here, first, a mode of operation of a normally closed electromagnetic valve as will be known from the state of the art will be described. The bias of the spring 6 in this electromagnetic valve is required according to the maximum fluid inlet pressure in the pressure fluid passage 9 because the inlet pressure in the hole of the valve seat 8 is supplied to the valve closing member 7. This type of valve operates in a bi-stable state, i.e. closed or open. Intermediate positions are not possible. This becomes clear from the transition of the characteristic curve of FIG.
[0007]
The hyperbolic system of curves for the various magnet force characteristic curves FM for each constant valve coil current I is plotted as the operation of the valve stroke S in the illustration of FIG. Furthermore, the system of curves FS, each having a constant pressure P with respect to the tappet force, is plotted as the operation of the valve stroke S. The transition of the system of the tappet force related curve FS is defined in advance by the design of the valve seat 8, which is normal in the electromagnetic valve, and the illustrated arrangement placed in a row with respect to the valve seat 8 is therefore the valve seat. It can be influenced by structural changes in the region 8 and also in the region of the valve closing member 7. Corresponding to the selected illustration, forces FM, FS and fluid pressure P are plotted along the ordinate, and the valve stroke S is plotted along the abscissa. In this regard, the maximum pressure P in the valve closed position is selected so that the pressure fluid P corresponds to the valve inlet pressure in the pressure fluid passage 9, according to the selected illustration, the fluid pressure P is expressed in ordinate along with the abscissa. The increase in the direction of the intersection must be taken into account. Furthermore, an intersection occurs between the almost linear pressure curve P and the characteristic curve of the valve coil current I at the valve closing position (valve stroke S = 0).
[0008]
Since the gap between the magnet core 3 and the magnet armature 5 is reduced by the movement of the magnet armature facing the magnet core 3, the valve coil current I is increased when the valve closing member 7 is lifted from the valve seat 8. Due to the hyperbolic function of the electromagnetic characteristic curve, the excess portion of the magnet force FM compared to the pressure contact force resulting from the pressure P is active in the operating range of the magnet armature 5. Excessive magnet force automatically moves the magnet armature 5 to the fully open position (valve stroke S = maximum) automatically. Thus, a desirable intermediate position is not possible for the electromagnetic valve described above with respect to FIG. 1 due to excess magnet force. The excess magnet force FM is illustrated in the illustration of FIG. 2 in a very clear manner by separating the pressure characteristic curve P with respect to the characteristic curve of the valve coil current I as a function of the valve stroke S. As disclosed in this invention, the magnet force FM is weakened only by placing the spring component 4 in the electromagnetic valve according to FIG. 1, preferably in the gap between the magnet armature 5 and the magnet core 3. For this purpose, the characteristics of the spring part 4 result with the magnet armature 5 close to the magnet core 3 and, here, apparently with the valve stroke S increasing with the intention of opening the valve. It is assumed that the magnet force FM results from the fluid pressure P at the valve closing member 7 and decreases faster than the tappet force FS determined essentially by the fluid application of the tappet. Therefore, according to the present invention, the position of the valve stroke between any desired bi-stable limit positions (S = 0, S = maximum) is controlled by the appropriate current control means of the valve coil 11 with a constant pressure P respectively. Can also be adjusted by controlling the pressure P with a constant valve coil current I respectively. This allows the electromagnetic valve to operate not only as a two-way valve but also as a volumetric flow control valve for analog operation.
[0009]
When the valve starts to open (S> 0), that is, when the magnet armature 5 moves relative to the magnet core 3, the characteristic curves for the respective assumed valve currents I1 to I4 are no longer in accordance with the original hyperbolic function. Unlike the illustration of FIG. 2, the characteristics of this valve aimed at by the present invention are shown in the illustration according to FIG. 3 because it does not rise and extends in a range of its active valve stroke by the force action of the spring part 4. It is shown.
[0010]
The following embodiments according to FIGS. 4 and 5 are based on the original design of the valve according to FIG. 1 by means of the structurally independent features shown for adjacent electromagnetic valves that are non-excited in the basic position. The invention is illustrated.
[0011]
FIG. 4 shows an enlarged partial view of the magnet core 3 and the magnet armature 5 with corresponding structural changes compared to the electromagnetic valve according to FIG. In view of the explanation made with respect to FIG. 1, the electromagnetically de-energized closing valve switch position can be clearly seen from FIG. The plate-shaped spring component 4 having the outer edge is:
A linear, horizontally extending magnet while the inner edge of the spring component 4 is supported on the end surface of a linear, horizontally extending magnet armature 5 within the region of the opening that houses the spring 6 Supports against the end surface of the core. The axial distance existing between the parallel end surfaces of the magnet armature 5 and the magnet core 3 corresponds to the maximum magnet armature stroke X after considering the thickness of the spring component 4. The spring component 4 is preferably composed of a material that conducts the magnetic flow so as not to unnecessarily increase the effective action of the air gap, so that it can be advantageously prevented from weakening the magnet force. In the case of electromagnetic excitation, the spring component 4 is elastically compressed and applied to the linear end surfaces of the magnet core 3 and the magnet armature 5. Because of the spring force Ff of the spring component 4 that opposes the operating direction of the magnet armature 5, the magnet armature 5 further has to be biased with respect to the surface of the end of the magnet core 3 on its entire surface. Above all, if required, it can be slowed so that the switching noise of the electromagnet is also minimal.
[0012]
In addition, the so-called sticking of the magnet armature normally caused by the residual magnetism is prevented by the resetability of the spring component 4, so that the biasing force of the spring component 4 is applied when the electromagnetic excitation ends. The magnet armature 5 is reset as quickly as possible from the end position of the magnet core 3.
[0013]
For manufacturing reasons, the spring component 4 in FIG. 5 is simplified and designed as a flat plate or washer that is compressed between the inclined end surfaces of the magnet armature 5 and the magnet core 3. In this embodiment, the end surface of the magnet armature 5 expands in the same angular conical shape as in the magnet core 3, while the end surface of the magnet core 3 has a concave shape or a funnel shape. Enlarged in the direction. It is possible to replace the geometry of the end surfaces. As is known from cup springs and is advantageous for the present invention, the result is the increasing spring characteristic curve of an equal, flat plate spring part 4. The magnet armature 5 takes a non-excited position in the left half of the figure. The right half of the figure represents the full surface contact of the magnet armature 5 at the electromagnetically excited (biased) switch position and the maximum preload of the spring component 4.
[0014]
In order to ensure proper operation of the electromagnetic valve close to the basic position with the features according to FIGS. 2 and 5 based on the electromagnetic valve of FIG. 1 by applying the features described in FIGS. Through a through-hole provided in the guide sleeve in the direction of the pressure fluid passage 9 across the valve housing 1 by means of a plate filter 13 covering the vertical pressure fluid passage 9 in the direction of the end surface and by means of an open annular section. 1, the fluid flow and hence the pressure holding of the valve closing member 7 takes place further downstream, unlike the illustration of FIG. 1, i.e. upstream from the valve closing member 7.
[0015]
Unlike the illustration in the previous figure, FIG. 6 shows the application of the subject of the invention in an electromagnetically de-energized electromagnetic valve open in its basic position. Unlike the known valve design according to FIG. 1, the magnet core 3 formed as a cylinder is inserted into the bottom end of the valve sleeve 2 fixed to the magnet core 3 in the cartridge type part of the valve housing 1. . Therefore, the tappet-shaped part of the valve closing member 7 extends to the magnet armature 5 through the magnet core 3 in the direction of the closed region of the valve sleeve 2. The end surface of the armature 5 is representatively shown, but is convexly formed in the direction of a pair of flat spring components 4 and the end surface of the magnet core 3 disposed below the spring components 4 Has a concave shape. A spring 6 having a linear characteristic curve arranged in the through hole of the magnet core 3 extends through the opening of the spring component 4 and holds the magnet armature 5 in contact with the valve dome in the electromagnetically non-excited basic position. Thereby, the valve closing member 7 establishes an unhindered pressure fluid passage by the pressure fluid passage 9. In this valve position, the spring components 4 which are combined to form the spring assembly are joined to the protruding inner end of the magnet core 5 in a slightly biased manner. As already mentioned, the spring component 4 constitutes a series of arrangements of several independent spring washers that are elastically compressed between the magnet armature 5 and the magnet core 3 having almost its entire surface. This is because in a normally open electromagnetic valve, the valve closing member 7 closes the valve seat 8 absolutely tightly in the excited magnet armature position, so that in the region of the compression spring component connected by the magnet armature 5. This is because a minimum residual void to be retained is required. By applying the features of the present invention, it can be opened by a plate filter 13 covering the vertical pressure fluid passage 9 in the direction of the end surface of the valve closing member 7 and to allow proper functioning of the electromagnetic valve. Due to the annular cross-section and through the tappet centering member 14 in the direction of the pressure fluid passage 9 across the valve housing 1, the fluid flow and hence the pressure retention of the valve closing member 7 is more downstream as shown, ie It originates from upstream of the valve closing member 7. Fluid discharge is performed by an annular filter 15 that covers a pressure fluid passage 9 extending across.
[0016]
The illustration shown in FIG. 7 for a normally open electromagnetic valve in FIG. 6 differs from the illustration in FIG. 3 by changing the valve stroke boundary along the abscissa for the switching position of the open and closed valves, respectively. Only different. The citation is based on the illustration of FIGS. 2 and 3 to explain the illustration of FIG. 7, so that the mode of operation of the present invention described by the methods of FIGS. The basic features of the seven representatively selected illustrations do not differ.
[0017]
In summary, it can be pointed out with respect to the above-mentioned embodiments that the use of a spring component 4 which is preferably flat and relatively magnetically permeable, is considered as an essential feature of the invention. The initially unexcited spring component of the magnet armature 5 is disposed slightly biased between the magnet core 3 and the magnet armature 5, and the magnet armature 5 with respect to the outer shape of the magnet core 3 with an increased valve stroke. By pressing elastically. Preferably, the ferrite spring component 4 is practical because there is no obstruction in the magnetic circuit when the spring component 4 is joined to almost the entire surface of the magnet core 3 at the electromagnetically excited end position of the magnet armature 5. The stroke X substantially corresponds to a gap bridged by the magnet armature 5. That means that there is no residual air gap that weakens the magnetic circuit as known from the state of the art. Furthermore, after completion of the electromagnetic excitation, the spring part 4 thus prevents unwanted sticking of the magnet armature by its elastic preload.
[0018]
The overlap of the increasing characteristic curve of the spring component 4 with the linearly extending characteristic curve of the spring 6 originally fulfills the preconditions for the operation of the bi-stable electromagnetic valve as a volumetric flow control valve, said operation being controlled It is simple regarding technology.
[0019]
Mainly, the spring part 4 can also cooperate with the magnet armature 5 outside the gap arranged between the magnet armature 5 and the magnet core 3. However, this requires an increasing structural effort unrelated to the problem of the present invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section taken through an electromagnetic valve that is normally closed to a basic position known from the field.
2 shows a characteristic curve for the electromagnetic valve according to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a modified characteristic curve diagram after the features are combined with the electromagnetic valve of FIG. 1 which is essential to the present invention.
4 is an enlarged view of a detail essential to the present invention for use in the electromagnetic valve of FIG.
FIG. 5 is also an enlarged view of a detailed part essential for the present invention for use in the electromagnetic valve of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view obtained through a normally open solenoid valve in its basic position.
7 shows a characteristic curve for the electromagnetic valve of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Valve housing 2 ... Valve sleeve 3 ... Magnet core 4 ... Spring component 5 ... Magnet armature 6 ... Spring 7 ... Valve closing member 8 ... Valve seat 9 ... Pressure fluid passage 10 ... Guide Sleeve 11 ... Valve coil 12 ... Yoke ring 13 ... Plate filter 14 ... Tappet centering member 15 ... Annular filter X ... Magnet armature stroke FM ... Magnet force I ... Valve coil current S ... Valve Stroke (actual stroke)
P …… Pressure Fs …… Tuppet force Ff …… Spring force

Claims (9)

A valve housing, a valve closing member movably guided in the valve housing, adapted to the valve closing member, and independent of electromagnetic excitation of a valve coil adapted to the valve housing; A magnet armature that performs a stroke operation in the direction of the magnet core disposed in the magnet core, and a predetermined axis from the magnet core at a valve position that is electromagnetically non-excited so that the magnet armature is separated from the magnet core by a fixed space. A spring in which a magnet armature is arranged at a directional distance, and in addition to this spring, the spring member acts on a magnet armature having a non-linear characteristic curve, and this spring member further has a magnet force generated by the valve coil. Interact with each other Becomes a, a ring, the magnet core and the magnet armature has a parallel end surface of the convex or concave shape, further, the spring member is an annular flat or a flat washer shape, the at the center spring extends, and an electromagnetic valve, wherein Rukoto compressed between the end surface of the magnet core and the end surfaces of the magnet armature by the lever arm.   2. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, wherein the spring member is disposed between an end surface of the magnet armature and an end surface of the magnet core. Said spring member is a valve switching position of the electromagnetically non-excited, the inner and outer edges, the claims, characterized in that on the end surface and the end surface of the magnet armature of the magnet core in the form of contact with the annular washer Item 1. The electromagnetic valve according to Item 1.   The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, wherein the spring member, the spring, the magnet core, and the magnet armature are coaxially aligned with respect to a longitudinal axis of the valve.   The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, wherein the spring member is biased between the magnet core and the magnet armature at the electromagnetically non-excited valve switching position.   The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, wherein the spring member is made of a material that allows magnetic flux to pass.   2. The electromagnetic according to claim 1, wherein the spring members are cup springs extending in parallel to each other and disposed between end surfaces of the magnet core and the end surfaces of the magnet armature. valve.   2. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, wherein the spring member is formed as an annular washer, and is penetrated by a spring having a linear characteristic curve at the center of the annular washer. A valve housing, a valve closing member movably guided in the valve housing, and in the valve housing independent of electromagnetic excitation of a valve coil adapted to the valve closing member and adapted to the valve housing A magnet armature that performs a stroke operation in the direction of the magnet core disposed in the magnet core, and a specified axial direction from the magnet core at an electromagnetically non-excited valve position so that the magnet armature is separated from the magnet core by a certain space. A spring that disposes a magnet armature at a distance. In addition to this spring, a spring member acts on a magnet armature having a nonlinear characteristic curve, and this spring member interacts with the magnet force generated by the valve coil. Acting on Becomes a, a ring, the magnet core and the magnet armature has a parallel end surface of the convex or concave shape, further wherein the spring member is configured as an annular flat or flat washer Rutotomoni, the magnet compressed between the end surface of the armature and the end surface of the magnet core, and in the center of that washers, solenoid valve spring having a linear characteristic curve is characterized in that it is through.

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