JP4943335B2 - 話者に依存しない堅牢な音声認識システム - Google Patents
話者に依存しない堅牢な音声認識システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4943335B2 JP4943335B2 JP2007531910A JP2007531910A JP4943335B2 JP 4943335 B2 JP4943335 B2 JP 4943335B2 JP 2007531910 A JP2007531910 A JP 2007531910A JP 2007531910 A JP2007531910 A JP 2007531910A JP 4943335 B2 JP4943335 B2 JP 4943335B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sequence
- speaker
- feature vectors
- dependent
- speech recognition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L15/00—Speech recognition
- G10L15/06—Creation of reference templates; Training of speech recognition systems, e.g. adaptation to the characteristics of the speaker's voice
- G10L15/065—Adaptation
- G10L15/07—Adaptation to the speaker
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L15/00—Speech recognition
- G10L15/06—Creation of reference templates; Training of speech recognition systems, e.g. adaptation to the characteristics of the speaker's voice
- G10L15/063—Training
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L15/00—Speech recognition
- G10L15/08—Speech classification or search
- G10L15/14—Speech classification or search using statistical models, e.g. Hidden Markov Models [HMMs]
- G10L15/142—Hidden Markov Models [HMMs]
- G10L15/144—Training of HMMs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L15/00—Speech recognition
- G10L15/20—Speech recognition techniques specially adapted for robustness in adverse environments, e.g. in noise, of stress induced speech
Description
で表わされることができ、ここで、Cは特徴ベクトル要素cの分散にのみ依存する定数であり、abs{}は絶対値処理を表す。
のようにして行われることができる。ここで、wj,mは、混合分布jにおけるm番目の確率密度の重みを表す。ビタビ近似を用いて、確率に関する総和が回避されることができ、最大化処理max{...}により置き換えられることができる。結果として、
となる。
と等価であり、ここでiは1からnまでのインデックスを表す。特徴ベクトルのこのシーケンスは、特徴ベクトルのシーケンスの単一の最初に得られる特徴ベクトルの人工的なセットを参照することに留意されたい。ガウシアン及び/又はラプラシアン統計量を使用することにより、確率の負の対数表現を用いることが有利である。こうして、指数性(exponentiation)が効果的に回避され、上述された式における積が、和に変換され、最大化手順は、最小化手順に変換される。そこで、距離ds,j又はスコアとも呼ばれる斯かる表現が、
により得られることができる。
Claims (9)
- 話者依存語句を備える話者非依存の音声認識システムをトレーニングする方法において、前記音声認識システムが、様々なトレーニング条件に対する語彙を表す混合確率密度のセットを提供するデータベースを持っており、
−前記話者依存語句の特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第1のシーケンスを生成するステップと、
−前記特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第1のシーケンスにおける前記特徴ベクトルに対する最小距離を持つ混合確率密度のシーケンスを決定するステップと、
−前記話者依存語句を前記混合確率密度のシーケンスに割り当てるステップと、
−前記話者依存語句の特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第2のシーケンスを前記第1のシーケンスから生成するステップとを有し、前記特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第2のシーケンスが、前記特徴ベクトルの第1のシーケンスとは異なる環境条件にマッチするよう構成される、方法。 - 前記特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第2のシーケンスの生成するステップが、前記話者依存語句の無音区間に対応する前記特徴ベクトルの第1のシーケンスにおける特徴ベクトルのセットに基づかれる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第2のシーケンスが、ノイズ適合手順を用いて生成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第2のシーケンスが、会話速度適合手順及び/又は動的時間ラッピング手順を用いて生成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第1のシーケンスが、前記話者依存語句の隠れマルコフモデルの状態に対応する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記混合確率密度のシーケンスを決定するステップが、ビタビ近似を利用して、前記特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第1のセットにおける特徴ベクトルが前記混合確率密度のセットにおける混合確率密度を用いて生成されることができる最大確率を与える、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記話者依存語句を前記混合確率密度に割り当てるステップが、前記混合確率密度のシーケンスを指し示すポインタのセットを格納するステップを有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 様々なトレーニング条件に対する語彙を表す混合確率密度のセットを提供するデータベースを持つ話者非依存の音声認識システムであって、該話者非依存の音声認識システムが、話者依存語句にまで拡張可能であって、
−ユーザにより与えられる話者依存語句を記録する手段と、
−前記話者依存語句の特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第1のシーケンスを生成する手段と、
−前記特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第1のシーケンスにおける前記特徴ベクトルに対する最小距離を持つ混合確率密度のシーケンスを決定する処理手段と、
−前記話者依存語句と前記混合確率密度のシーケンスとの間の割り当てを格納する記憶手段と、
−前記話者依存語句の特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第2のシーケンスを前記第1のシーケンスから生成する手段とを有し、前記特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第2のシーケンスが、異なる記録条件をシミュレートするよう構成される、話者非依存の音声認識システム。 - 話者依存語句を備える話者非依存の音声認識システムをトレーニングするコンピュータプログラムであって、前記音声認識システムが、様々なトレーニング条件に対する語彙を表す混合確率密度のセットを提供するデータベースを持っており、該コンピュータプログラムは、
−前記話者依存語句の特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第1のシーケンスを生成し、
−前記特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第1のシーケンスにおける前記特徴ベクトルに対する最小距離を持つ混合確率密度のシーケンスを決定し、
−前記話者依存語句を前記混合確率密度のシーケンスに割り当て、
−前記話者依存語句の特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第2のシーケンスを前記第1のシーケンスから生成するよう動作可能であり、前記特徴ベクトルの少なくとも第2のシーケンスが、異なる記録条件をシミュレートするよう構成される、コンピュータプログラム。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04104627 | 2004-09-23 | ||
EP04104627.7 | 2004-09-23 | ||
PCT/IB2005/052986 WO2006033044A2 (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2005-09-13 | Method of training a robust speaker-dependent speech recognition system with speaker-dependent expressions and robust speaker-dependent speech recognition system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2008513825A JP2008513825A (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
JP4943335B2 true JP4943335B2 (ja) | 2012-05-30 |
Family
ID=35840193
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007531910A Expired - Fee Related JP4943335B2 (ja) | 2004-09-23 | 2005-09-13 | 話者に依存しない堅牢な音声認識システム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080208578A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1794746A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4943335B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101027716B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006033044A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4854032B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2012-01-11 | Kddi株式会社 | 音声認識における音響尤度並列計算装置及びそのプログラム |
US8504365B2 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2013-08-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System and method for detecting synthetic speaker verification |
US9020816B2 (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2015-04-28 | 21Ct, Inc. | Hidden markov model for speech processing with training method |
US9009039B2 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2015-04-14 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Noise adaptive training for speech recognition |
US9026444B2 (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2015-05-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System and method for personalization of acoustic models for automatic speech recognition |
GB2482874B (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2013-06-12 | Toshiba Res Europ Ltd | A speech processing system and method |
CN102290047B (zh) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-12-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 基于稀疏分解与重构的鲁棒语音特征提取方法 |
US8996381B2 (en) | 2011-09-27 | 2015-03-31 | Sensory, Incorporated | Background speech recognition assistant |
US8768707B2 (en) | 2011-09-27 | 2014-07-01 | Sensory Incorporated | Background speech recognition assistant using speaker verification |
CN102522086A (zh) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | 一种有序序列相似性对比方法的声纹识别应用 |
US9767793B2 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2017-09-19 | Nvoq Incorporated | Apparatus and methods using a pattern matching speech recognition engine to train a natural language speech recognition engine |
US9959863B2 (en) * | 2014-09-08 | 2018-05-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Keyword detection using speaker-independent keyword models for user-designated keywords |
KR101579533B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-12-22 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량 및 그 제어 방법 |
US9978374B2 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2018-05-22 | Google Llc | Neural networks for speaker verification |
KR102550598B1 (ko) * | 2018-03-21 | 2023-07-04 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | 음성 화자 인식 장치 및 그 방법 |
US11322156B2 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2022-05-03 | Tata Consultancy Services Limited | Features search and selection techniques for speaker and speech recognition |
DE102020208720B4 (de) * | 2019-12-06 | 2023-10-05 | Sivantos Pte. Ltd. | Verfahren zum umgebungsabhängigen Betrieb eines Hörsystems |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5899971A (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 1999-05-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Computer unit for speech recognition and method for computer-supported imaging of a digitalized voice signal onto phonemes |
JPH11242494A (ja) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-09-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 話者適応化装置と音声認識装置 |
JP2002520664A (ja) * | 1998-07-10 | 2002-07-09 | ルノー・アンド・オスピー・スピーチ・プロダクツ・ナームローゼ・ベンノートシャープ | 言語に依存しない音声認識 |
EP1256935A2 (de) * | 2001-05-07 | 2002-11-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Training und Betrieb eines Spracherkenners, Spracherkenner und Spracherkenner-Trainingssystem |
JP2003330484A (ja) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-19 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | 音声認識装置及び音声認識方法 |
WO2005013261A1 (de) * | 2003-07-28 | 2005-02-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur spracherkennung und kommunikationsgerät |
Family Cites Families (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5450523A (en) * | 1990-11-15 | 1995-09-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Training module for estimating mixture Gaussian densities for speech unit models in speech recognition systems |
US5452397A (en) * | 1992-12-11 | 1995-09-19 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method and system for preventing entry of confusingly similar phases in a voice recognition system vocabulary list |
US5664059A (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1997-09-02 | Panasonic Technologies, Inc. | Self-learning speaker adaptation based on spectral variation source decomposition |
JPH075892A (ja) * | 1993-04-29 | 1995-01-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 音声認識方法 |
US5528728A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1996-06-18 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha | Speaker independent speech recognition system and method using neural network and DTW matching technique |
US5793891A (en) * | 1994-07-07 | 1998-08-11 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Adaptive training method for pattern recognition |
US5604839A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1997-02-18 | Microsoft Corporation | Method and system for improving speech recognition through front-end normalization of feature vectors |
KR100383353B1 (ko) * | 1994-11-01 | 2003-10-17 | 브리티쉬 텔리커뮤니케이션즈 파블릭 리미티드 캄퍼니 | 음성인식장치및음성인식장치용어휘발생방법 |
DE19510083C2 (de) * | 1995-03-20 | 1997-04-24 | Ibm | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Spracherkennung bei Wortkomposita enthaltenden Sprachen |
EP0769184B1 (en) * | 1995-05-03 | 2000-04-26 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Speech recognition methods and apparatus on the basis of the modelling of new words |
US5765132A (en) * | 1995-10-26 | 1998-06-09 | Dragon Systems, Inc. | Building speech models for new words in a multi-word utterance |
US6073101A (en) * | 1996-02-02 | 2000-06-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Text independent speaker recognition for transparent command ambiguity resolution and continuous access control |
US6006175A (en) * | 1996-02-06 | 1999-12-21 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Methods and apparatus for non-acoustic speech characterization and recognition |
US6076054A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 2000-06-13 | Nynex Science & Technology, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for generating and using out of vocabulary word models for speaker dependent speech recognition |
US5842165A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1998-11-24 | Nynex Science & Technology, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for generating and using garbage models for speaker dependent speech recognition purposes |
US5895448A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1999-04-20 | Nynex Science And Technology, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for generating and using speaker independent garbage models for speaker dependent speech recognition purpose |
US5719921A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1998-02-17 | Nynex Science & Technology | Methods and apparatus for activating telephone services in response to speech |
AU5359498A (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-06-10 | T-Netix, Inc. | Subword-based speaker verification using multiple classifier fusion, with channel, fusion, model, and threshold adaptation |
US6633842B1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2003-10-14 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Speech recognition front-end feature extraction for noisy speech |
US6134527A (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2000-10-17 | Motorola, Inc. | Method of testing a vocabulary word being enrolled in a speech recognition system |
US6226612B1 (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2001-05-01 | Motorola, Inc. | Method of evaluating an utterance in a speech recognition system |
US6223155B1 (en) * | 1998-08-14 | 2001-04-24 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Method of independently creating and using a garbage model for improved rejection in a limited-training speaker-dependent speech recognition system |
US6141644A (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2000-10-31 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Speaker verification and speaker identification based on eigenvoices |
US6466906B2 (en) * | 1999-01-06 | 2002-10-15 | Dspc Technologies Ltd. | Noise padding and normalization in dynamic time warping |
GB2349259B (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2003-11-12 | Canon Kk | Speech processing apparatus and method |
US7283964B1 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 2007-10-16 | Winbond Electronics Corporation | Method and apparatus for voice controlled devices with improved phrase storage, use, conversion, transfer, and recognition |
US6535580B1 (en) * | 1999-07-27 | 2003-03-18 | Agere Systems Inc. | Signature device for home phoneline network devices |
US7120582B1 (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2006-10-10 | Dragon Systems, Inc. | Expanding an effective vocabulary of a speech recognition system |
US6405168B1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2002-06-11 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Speaker dependent speech recognition training using simplified hidden markov modeling and robust end-point detection |
US6778959B1 (en) * | 1999-10-21 | 2004-08-17 | Sony Corporation | System and method for speech verification using out-of-vocabulary models |
US6615170B1 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2003-09-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Model-based voice activity detection system and method using a log-likelihood ratio and pitch |
US6535850B1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2003-03-18 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Smart training and smart scoring in SD speech recognition system with user defined vocabulary |
US6510410B1 (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2003-01-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for recognizing tone languages using pitch information |
DE60002584D1 (de) * | 2000-11-07 | 2003-06-12 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Anwendung von Referenzdaten für Spracherkennung |
DE60213595T2 (de) * | 2001-05-10 | 2007-08-09 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Hintergrundlernen von sprecherstimmen |
JP4858663B2 (ja) * | 2001-06-08 | 2012-01-18 | 日本電気株式会社 | 音声認識方法及び音声認識装置 |
US7054811B2 (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2006-05-30 | Cellmax Systems Ltd. | Method and system for verifying and enabling user access based on voice parameters |
US20040181409A1 (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-09-16 | Yifan Gong | Speech recognition using model parameters dependent on acoustic environment |
US7516069B2 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2009-04-07 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Middle-end solution to robust speech recognition |
-
2005
- 2005-09-13 WO PCT/IB2005/052986 patent/WO2006033044A2/en active Application Filing
- 2005-09-13 EP EP05801704A patent/EP1794746A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-13 JP JP2007531910A patent/JP4943335B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-13 US US11/575,703 patent/US20080208578A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-09-13 CN CN2005800322589A patent/CN101027716B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5899971A (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 1999-05-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Computer unit for speech recognition and method for computer-supported imaging of a digitalized voice signal onto phonemes |
JPH11242494A (ja) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-09-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 話者適応化装置と音声認識装置 |
JP2002520664A (ja) * | 1998-07-10 | 2002-07-09 | ルノー・アンド・オスピー・スピーチ・プロダクツ・ナームローゼ・ベンノートシャープ | 言語に依存しない音声認識 |
EP1256935A2 (de) * | 2001-05-07 | 2002-11-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Training und Betrieb eines Spracherkenners, Spracherkenner und Spracherkenner-Trainingssystem |
JP2003330484A (ja) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-19 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | 音声認識装置及び音声認識方法 |
WO2005013261A1 (de) * | 2003-07-28 | 2005-02-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur spracherkennung und kommunikationsgerät |
JP2007500367A (ja) * | 2003-07-28 | 2007-01-11 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | 音声認識方法およびコミュニケーション機器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1794746A2 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
CN101027716A (zh) | 2007-08-29 |
CN101027716B (zh) | 2011-01-26 |
JP2008513825A (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
US20080208578A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
WO2006033044A3 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
WO2006033044A2 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4943335B2 (ja) | 話者に依存しない堅牢な音声認識システム | |
Hirsch et al. | A new approach for the adaptation of HMMs to reverberation and background noise | |
CN108899047B (zh) | 音频信号的掩蔽阈值估计方法、装置及存储介质 | |
Junqua | Robust speech recognition in embedded systems and PC applications | |
US8386254B2 (en) | Multi-class constrained maximum likelihood linear regression | |
US7571095B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for recognizing speech in a noisy environment | |
US7797157B2 (en) | Automatic speech recognition channel normalization based on measured statistics from initial portions of speech utterances | |
JPH075892A (ja) | 音声認識方法 | |
KR20040088368A (ko) | 스위칭 상태 공간 모델들을 갖는 변분 추론을 사용하는음성 인식 방법 | |
Kim et al. | Feature compensation in the cepstral domain employing model combination | |
CN112053702B (zh) | 一种语音处理的方法、装置及电子设备 | |
Li et al. | iMetricGAN: Intelligibility enhancement for speech-in-noise using generative adversarial network-based metric learning | |
US7120580B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for recognizing speech in a noisy environment | |
JP5670298B2 (ja) | 雑音抑圧装置、方法及びプログラム | |
Di Persia et al. | Objective quality evaluation in blind source separation for speech recognition in a real room | |
Ichikawa et al. | Dynamic features in the linear-logarithmic hybrid domain for automatic speech recognition in a reverberant environment | |
Liu | Environmental adaptation for robust speech recognition | |
Vlaj et al. | Voice activity detection algorithm using nonlinear spectral weights, hangover and hangbefore criteria | |
Pardede | On noise robust feature for speech recognition based on power function family | |
Upadhyay et al. | Robust recognition of English speech in noisy environments using frequency warped signal processing | |
JP2014029407A (ja) | 雑音抑圧装置、方法、及びプログラム | |
Shahnawazuddin et al. | A fast adaptation approach for enhanced automatic recognition of children’s speech with mismatched acoustic models | |
Pacheco et al. | Spectral subtraction for reverberation reduction applied to automatic speech recognition | |
Kaur et al. | Correlative consideration concerning feature extraction techniques for speech recognition—a review | |
Subramanya et al. | Speech Modelingwith Magnitude-Normalized Complex Spectra and Its Application to Multisensory Speech Enhancement |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20080912 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110517 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20110816 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20110823 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20111005 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120202 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20120229 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150309 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |