JP4941687B2 - Electric vehicle equipped with MHD generator due to steam explosion in liquid metal, MHD generator due to steam explosion in liquid metal - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an MHD generator by steam explosion in a liquid metal having an MHD power generation unit, and a basic technology of an electric vehicle including the MHD generator by steam explosion in the liquid metal.

  It is known that an explosion phenomenon occurs when water is heated to a high temperature of about 370 ° C. under special conditions. The explosion phenomenon is generally called “steam explosion” and occurs, for example, due to contact between a very hot metal melt and water, contact between magma and water, or in heated tempura oil. It is known that it is caused by contact with water.

  Although research reports on steam explosions have been made in several documents, there are still many unknown parts. However, considering the volume expansion rate due to water vaporization, it is considered that the explosion energy generated when water vaporizes instantaneously is very large.

  In recent years, attempts have been made to use the power of steam explosion as power. Patent Document 1 discloses an invention in which a water vapor explosion is generated by jetting water into a room that is discharged in a vacuum and brought to a high temperature state. Patent Document 2 discloses an invention for obtaining a steam explosion by injecting water into a combustion chamber heated by electromagnetic induction by energizing a high-frequency current.

Japanese Patent Application 2000-106916 JP-A-11-229965

  The present inventor conducted several experiments to elucidate the mechanism of the steam explosion. First, water droplets were dropped on the surface of a metal heated to a high temperature. No matter how high the surface temperature of the metal is, or even when the amount of dripping water is changed, the dripped water droplets have only vaporized and evaporated on the metal surface and never exploded. This result did not change even when the metal temperature exceeded the melting point and the metal melted (first experiment).

  Next, the present inventors tried to submerge the metal liquefied at high temperature in water. Then, a steam explosion was observed around the molten metal (second experiment).

  Furthermore, the present inventor conducted an experiment of dropping water droplets on the surface of the tempura oil. While the dropped water droplets remained on the surface of the heated oil, only vaporization and evaporation occurred as in the case of metal. However, water is heavier than oil. When the amount of dripped water was large, it could sink into the oil before it completely evaporated and evaporated. If the temperature of the oil was high enough, the sinking water would always make a noise and explode. It was confirmed that if the temperature of the oil was about 300 ° C or higher, a steam explosion could occur, and if the oil temperature was 350 ° C or higher, a more severe steam explosion occurred (third experiment).

From the first experiment, it was found that a steam explosion would not occur just by dropping water on the surface of a hot substance. This does not change no matter how high the temperature of the material. This is because even if water comes into contact with a high-temperature substance, it boils at 100 ° C. under atmospheric pressure, so it cannot rise above about 100 ° C., and the temperature of water, which is a factor of steam explosion, does not increase. However, when a high-temperature substance is put in water (second experiment) or when a small amount of water is intermittently injected into a high-temperature liquid substance (third experiment), water vapor can be used even if the temperature is not so high. An explosion occurs. A feature common to the second and third experiments is that the place where the steam explosion occurs is sealed with a liquid. Here, the phrase “sealed by” means simply “being surrounded by ~ and having no escape space through outside air”. In the second experiment, the explosion site is surrounded by a liquid metal and a liquid water. In the third experiment, when water is submerged in oil, it is surrounded by liquid oil. Under such sealed conditions, heat transfer occurs from the high temperature liquid side to the low temperature liquid side due to the contact of two different kinds of liquids with a large temperature difference, and the water temperature exceeds 100 ° C and is adjacent. It is heated up to the same level as the liquid temperature. It is difficult to say that the mechanism of this process has been clearly elucidated, but rapid and intense steam expansion occurs due to the phenomenon that the temperature of water far exceeding 100 ° C instantly rises. It was proved by experiment that it leads to. It was also found that the instantaneous steam explosion generated a shock wave at the same time, further increasing the explosion pressure and expansion speed.
On the other hand, in the first experiment, the periphery of water was filled with outside air and was not sealed with a liquid, so that a steam explosion could not be caused.

  In the energy generator of Patent Document 1, water is injected into a vaporization chamber heated to a high temperature in a vacuum to obtain a steam explosion. However, it has been confirmed in the first experiment that steam explosion does not occur just by spraying water onto the surface of the hot material at any temperature. In this device, the vaporization chamber is placed in a vacuum state in order to obtain a high temperature state due to discharge, but in the first place water is considered to vaporize before a steam explosion occurs, and this device can cause a steam explosion. I can't think of it.

  The jet engine of Patent Document 2 also cannot be asserted because there is no sufficient disclosure about the mechanism of steam explosion, but it is the same as the first experiment in that steam explosion does not occur just by heating to a high temperature in the combustion chamber. .

  As a result of the above experimental research, the present inventor secretly elucidated a mechanism for generating a steam explosion that is not disclosed in the prior art document. An application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-267226) has already been filed for the “water vapor explosion and shock wave generator, generator and turbine device” using this mechanism. The inventor further prototyped and verified a device capable of taking out the steam explosion energy generated by the steam explosion and shock wave generator as electric power, and as a result, efficiently used the energy of the high-temperature liquid metal scattered by the steam explosion as electric power. The MHD generator by the steam explosion in the liquid metal which can be taken out was elucidated.

  As a first invention, a liquid metal holding container for holding a high temperature liquid metal having a temperature of 300 ° C. or higher, and intermittent injection by intermittently injecting water into the high temperature liquid metal held in the liquid metal holding container A steam explosion chamber having an injection section for causing a steam explosion, an MHD power generation section for introducing a high-temperature liquid metal scattered by a steam explosion in the steam explosion chamber as a working fluid, and converting the energy into electric power; An MHD generator by steam explosion in a liquid metal consisting of

  As a second invention, in addition to the features of the first invention, there is shown an MHD generator by steam explosion in a liquid metal further having a structure in which a shock wave is thermally converted to a liquid metal at the upper part of the MHD power generation unit. .

  As a third invention, in addition to the features of the first invention or the second invention, a separation part for separating liquid metal from a mixture of water vapor and liquid metal scattered by a steam explosion by a specific gravity difference, and separation at the separation part The MHD generator by the steam explosion in the liquid metal which further has the 1st induction path for returning the made liquid metal to a liquid metal holding container.

  As a fourth invention, in addition to the features of the third invention, a cooling unit for returning the water vapor separated in the separation unit to water so that it can be reused for a steam explosion, and a cooling unit The MHD generator by the steam explosion in a liquid metal which further has the 2nd induction path which guides the water obtained by this to an injection | pouring part.

    As a fifth invention, in addition to the features of the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, in operation, water and liquid metal are blocked from outside air, and water is intermittently injected from the injection part. Shows an MHD generator by steam explosion in liquid metal, characterized by reduced water mixed with fine carbides.

  As a sixth invention, in addition to the features of the invention according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, a plurality of combinations of the steam explosion chamber and the MHD power generation unit are provided, and an injection part of each steam explosion chamber is water The MHD generator by the steam explosion in the liquid metal which further has a control part for controlling the timing which intermittently injects is shown.

  As a seventh invention, there is shown an electric vehicle equipped with an MHD generator by steam explosion in a liquid metal according to any one of the first to sixth inventions.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reliably generate a steam explosion that is not clearly understood yet, and to efficiently extract the energy of liquid metal scattered by the steam explosion as electric power. Become.

The figure which shows an example of the structure of the generator of Example 1. The figure which shows an example of the structure of the injection | pouring part of Example 1. The figure which shows the other example of the structure of the injection | pouring part of Example 1. FIG. The figure which shows an example of the structure of the MHD electric power generation part of Example 1. The figure which shows an example of the heat conductive structure of Example 1 The figure which shows an example of the structure of the generator of Example 2. The figure which shows an example of the structure of the generator of Example 3 The figure which shows the other example of the structure of the generator of Example 3.

  Example 1 mainly relates to the first invention, the second invention, the fifth invention, and the seventh invention. Example 2 mainly relates to the third invention, the fourth invention, the fifth invention, and the seventh invention. Example 3 mainly relates to the sixth invention and the seventh invention. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the scope of the invention.

<Overview>
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the generator of the present embodiment. A high temperature liquid metal is held inside the liquid metal holding container 0103. It is possible to cause a steam explosion by injecting water into the high-temperature liquid metal through the injection unit 0104. Furthermore, by introducing the high-temperature liquid metal scattered by the steam explosion as a working fluid into the MHD power generation unit 0102, it is possible to efficiently extract the energy of the steam explosion as electric power.

<Configuration>
The generator according to the present embodiment includes a steam explosion chamber 0101 and an MHD power generation unit 0102. The steam explosion chamber 0101 has a liquid metal holding container 0103 and an injection part 0104. Each configuration will be described below.

  The “liquid metal holding container” is a container for holding a high-temperature liquid metal having a temperature of 300 ° C. or higher. Here, it is sufficient that the liquid metal holding container has heat resistance enough to hold a high-temperature liquid metal having a temperature of 300 ° C. or higher. More specifically, it is sufficient to have heat resistance of about 300 ° C. to 400 ° C., which is a temperature at which steam explosion can be sufficiently generated, and for example, iron may be used. Further, since the atmospheric pressure in the liquid metal holding container reaches several hundred atmospheric pressure due to the steam explosion, it is preferable to provide a material / structure with high pressure resistance. Further, the liquid metal holding container may be provided with a thermometer for monitoring the temperature of the internal high temperature liquid metal.

  It is conceivable that the high temperature liquid metal is heated to 300 ° C. or more in advance outside the liquid metal holding container and then poured into the container, but can be heated to 300 ° C. or more inside the liquid metal holding container. It is also possible to adopt a simple configuration. Specifically, it is conceivable to cover the periphery of the liquid metal holding container with a heating device such as a heating wire. In this case, the liquid metal holding container is preferably made of a material having high thermal conductivity so that heat from the heating device can be easily conducted to the internal liquid metal.

  As an example of the heating device, a heating wire wound around the liquid metal holding container can be considered. Alternatively, a method may be adopted in which a large number of pipes penetrating the liquid metal holding container are installed and the heat conduction efficiency is increased by passing a heating wire through the pipes. Moreover, it is also possible to make it the structure which wraps the circumference | surroundings of a heating apparatus with a heat insulating material in order to improve thermal efficiency.

  As a method for heating the high-temperature liquid metal, in addition to the above-mentioned electrothermal heating, heating by burning of combustion products, heating by focusing sunlight with a linear Fresnel lens or the like can be considered. They may be appropriately selected according to the purpose of use of the present plan.

  The portion heated by the heating device does not necessarily have to be the liquid metal holding container itself, but the introduction path for introducing the liquid metal into the liquid metal holding container, or the liquid metal scattered by the steam explosion is used as the liquid metal holding container. It is also possible to maintain the liquid metal at a high temperature by heating the circulation path for returning to the temperature.

  The “high temperature liquid metal” is preferably a metal having a melting point of 300 ° C. or lower, but may be a metal having a melting point of 300 ° C. or higher. Examples of the metal having a melting point of 300 ° C. or lower include tin, bismuth, polonium, and a low melting point alloy. Of these, tin has a low melting point of 232 ° C. and is easy to handle and easy to obtain. Therefore, the generator of the present invention mainly uses tin. In addition, it has been confirmed by experiments of the inventors that steam explosion occurs without any problem even with bismuth. However, polonium is a radioactive substance and is difficult to handle. It is easily inferred from reports of accidents at a smelter that there is no problem with metals having a melting point exceeding 300 ° C. However, in this case, special consideration is required for the strength and heat resistance of the liquid metal holding container and the injection part.

  How many times the temperature of the high-temperature liquid metal is set is important because it affects the success or magnitude of the steam explosion. When tin was used as a high-temperature liquid metal, a small-scale explosion occurred at about 300 ° C., and a severe explosion was obtained at about 350-370 ° C. In Patent Document 1, the temperature of the heating chamber for generating the steam explosion is set to a high temperature of about 3000 ° C. However, as described above, the steam explosion can be generated even at such a high temperature. .

  The “injection part” has a function of intermittently injecting water into the high-temperature liquid metal held in the liquid metal holding container to cause a steam explosion intermittently. Since water is intermittently injected into the high temperature liquid metal, the injection port of the injection portion is arranged in the high temperature liquid metal. For example, although it is conceivable mainly to be provided at the bottom of the liquid metal holding container, it is also possible to provide it at the side surface below the upper surface of the high temperature liquid metal. However, in order to efficiently generate a steam explosion, it is preferable to provide an injection port near the bottom of the container away from the upper surface of the high-temperature liquid metal.

  In addition, it is very important to close the injection port before the steam explosion occurs to prevent the high temperature liquid metal from flowing into the injection port. This is because when the high-temperature liquid metal enters the inside from the inlet and is cooled, the metal adheres to the inlet and there is a risk of hindering the water injection process. Specifically, since the steam explosion is caused on the order of several milliseconds from the injection of water, it can be considered that the injection port is closed before that.

  As described above, the injection unit has a function of opening and closing the injection port in order to intermittently inject water into the high-temperature liquid metal. Here, the size, opening time, and injection cycle of the injection port are relatively determined by the amount of water to be injected, the water pressure, the amount and temperature of the high-temperature liquid metal, and the like. In order to prevent high-temperature liquid metal scattered by the steam explosion from entering the inlet, water is intermittently injected at a higher water pressure than the steam explosion, and even if a steam explosion occurs, the explosive fluid flows back to the inlet. It is conceivable to adopt a configuration that does not.

  Further, in order to make the injection part less susceptible to the impact of the shock wave due to the steam explosion, it is preferable that the injection part does not protrude into the liquid metal holding container when the steam explosion occurs. Specifically, the injection part may be structured as shown in FIG. In the example of this figure, the injection part is composed of an injection port 0201, a conical top shaft 0202, and a timing cam 0203. The top of the conical head shaft 0202 has a conical shape, and the injection port can be closed while being pushed up. In order to prevent the high-temperature liquid metal from flowing back from the inlet 0201 to the inside due to the explosion pressure at the time of the steam explosion, the pressure of the water injected from the inlet 0201 is maintained under pressure by a pressure pump or the like so as to exceed the pressure of the steam explosion. It is possible to keep it. When water is injected, the timing cam 0203 pushes down the conical head shaft 0202 to open it. In addition, control of the amount of water injection can be realized by adjusting the minute diameter of the injection port and adjusting the instantaneous opening time of the valve.

  Control of the amount of water to be intermittently injected can be adjusted by the water pressure of the injected water, the opening size of the inlet, and the length of the opening time. For example, when the structure of the injection part shown in FIG. 2 is adopted, it is conceivable to adjust according to the spatial length for lowering the cone-top shaft portion or the temporal length for lowering. The adjustment may be performed according to the rotational speed or shape of the timing cam that drives the vertical motion of the conical head shaft. The timing cam is mainly considered to be rotated by a reduction motor.

  Moreover, since the internal pressure of the liquid metal holding container increases instantaneously when a steam explosion occurs, it is conceivable to use the configuration to close the water inlet. (However, in this method, the injection water pressure is smaller than the steam explosion pressure.) FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of the structure of the injection part of this embodiment. As shown in this figure, the injection part is composed of an injection port side shaft 0301, a timing side shaft 0302, a spring 0303, and a timing cam 0304. The inlet shaft 0301 has an inverted conical shape at the top, and can be filled with the injection port in a depressed state. In addition, the inlet-side shaft 0301 is connected to the timing-side shaft 0302 by a spring 0303 so that it can expand and contract in the axial direction. FIG. 3A shows a state where the injection shaft is pushed up by the timing cam 0304 and a predetermined small amount of water 0306 is intermittently injected into the high-temperature liquid metal 0307 from the injection port 0305. FIG. 3B shows a state in which water and a high-temperature liquid metal come into contact with each other to cause a steam explosion 0308, and the inlet shaft 0301 is pushed down by the pressure 0309 generated thereby. At this time, the timing cam side shaft 0302 is still lifted by the timing cam and cannot be lowered. FIG. 3C shows a state in which the timing cam further rotates and is disengaged from the bottom of the timing cam side shaft, and the timing cam side shaft also descends following the inlet side shaft. By this method, the inlet is closed immediately after the occurrence of the steam explosion to prevent the high temperature liquid metal from entering the inside of the inlet.

  The “MHD power generation unit” has a function of generating electric power by introducing a high-temperature liquid metal scattered by a steam explosion in a steam explosion chamber as a working fluid. As shown in FIG. 4, the MHD power generation unit includes a working fluid introduction path 0401, a magnetic field generation unit 0402, an insulator 0403, and an electrode unit 0404. The working fluid introduction path is connected to the steam explosion chamber, and the high-temperature liquid metal scattered from the steam explosion chamber can be introduced as a working fluid for MHD power generation.

  The magnetic field generator generates a magnetic field in a direction crossing the flow path in the working fluid introduction path, and when the working fluid (high-temperature liquid metal) passes through the magnetic field region, the magnetic field generator is generated in the working fluid according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. Generate power. As the magnetic field generator, for example, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet can be considered. Here, the greater the magnetic field of the magnetic field generation unit, the greater the electromotive force generated in the working fluid.

  It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the magnitude of the magnetic field generated from the magnetic field generator is changed according to the magnitude of the steam explosion. In this case, a steam explosion scale monitoring unit for monitoring the magnitude of the steam explosion is further provided, and the strength of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating unit is changed according to the result of the monitoring unit. Such control can be realized by control by an electronic computer. As a method for monitoring the magnitude of the steam explosion, a method based on a sensor or the like for measuring the internal pressure can be considered. By setting it as the said structure, it becomes possible to convert into the electric power, without leaving more energy generated by a steam explosion.

  Further, the electrode portion is composed of an electrode disposed on one side surface of the working fluid introduction path and an electrode disposed on the opposite side. Here, the electromotive force generated according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction is generated in a direction crossing the flow path and in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field. Therefore, it is preferable that the arrangement of each electrode is also matched with the direction of the electromotive force.

  Since the working fluid needs to flow between the electrodes without any gap, the inner diameter of the working fluid introduction path needs to be appropriately selected based on the flow rate of the high-temperature liquid metal passing through. In addition, it is also possible to set it as the structure which can adjust the internal diameter of a working fluid introduction path suitably. Further, the inner wall of the magnetic field region of the working fluid introduction path is constructed by an insulator, and various members may be used as the electrode part. For example, a ceramic insulator may be used.

  As described above, an electromotive force is generated in the working fluid that passes through the magnetic field region, and a current flows through the electrode portion. The power generated by the process can be stored in a storage battery, or an external electric device, an electric motor, or the like can be driven. It is also conceivable to provide an AC converter, a transformer or the like depending on the application.

  In the example of FIG. 4, the MHD power generation unit is a single unit, but a configuration in which a plurality of MHD power generation units are connected is also possible. By setting it as the said structure, the intermittent interval of a water vapor explosion can be adjusted, and it becomes possible to take out as electric power, without leaving more energy.

  Although not an essential configuration, as shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to further include a heat conduction structure 0504 that heat-converts the shock wave 0502 and conducts heat to the liquid metal 0503 on the MHD power generation unit 0501. is there. Since a shock wave having high energy is generated in the steam explosion, the energy of the shock wave can be further used to keep the liquid metal at a high temperature. The substance used for the heat conduction structure needs to have good heat conductivity and can withstand high temperatures of 300 ° C. or higher and high pressure. Specifically, it is conceivable to use a metal such as iron.

  In addition, in order to prevent the oxidation of a high temperature liquid metal, it is preferable to use oxygen-free water from which oxygen which has been sufficiently boiled to remove oxygen dissolved in water is used as water to be intermittently injected. The water temperature is preferably about immediately before the boiling point of water because the temperature drop of the high temperature liquid can be suppressed.

  In addition, as a structure in which water and liquid metal are blocked from the outside air during operation of the generator, the water intermittently injected from the injection portion can be reduced water mixed with fine carbides (charcoal powder). By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to deoxygenate because fine carbide and oxygen in the generator react when a steam explosion occurs. This makes it easier to prevent oxidation of the high-temperature liquid metal.

  Note that the generator described in this embodiment can be used as a power source for an electric vehicle. Also, it can be used for other electric products that are driven by electric power.

<Effect>
The generator of the present embodiment can surely generate a steam explosion, whose mechanism has not been clearly elucidated, and efficiently converts the energy of the liquid metal scattered by the steam explosion into electric power. And can be taken out.

<Overview>
The generator of this embodiment is basically the same as the generator of Embodiment 1, but the liquid metal is separated from the mixture of water vapor and liquid metal scattered by the steam explosion by the specific gravity difference, and the separated liquid metal is liquid. A guide path for returning to the metal holding container is provided. It is also possible to provide a further guide path that can return the separated water vapor to water for reuse for a steam explosion and can guide the obtained water to the injection part.

<Configuration>
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the generator of the present embodiment. In addition to the characteristics of the generator shown in the first embodiment, a “separation part” 0601, a “first induction path” 0602, a “cooling part” 0603, and a “second induction path” 0604 are provided.

  The “separating unit” has a function of separating the liquid metal from the mixture of water vapor and liquid metal scattered by the water vapor explosion by the specific gravity difference. Water vapor has a relatively low specific gravity and is likely to move upward. On the other hand, since the specific gravity of liquid metal is relatively heavy, it is difficult to move upward. For this reason, in the mixture of water vapor and liquid metal scattered by the steam explosion, water vapor tends to exist on the upper side of the scattered region and liquid metal on the lower side as time elapses. A separation part isolate | separates a liquid metal from the mixture of water vapor | steam and a liquid metal using these characteristics of water vapor | steam and a liquid metal.

  As a specific configuration of the separation unit, as shown in FIG. 6, a mixture storage container for storing the mixture is provided in the upper part of the MHD power generation unit, and water vapor is supplied to the upper part (or the upper part of the side surface part) of the container. It is conceivable to provide a water vapor outlet for discharging. However, when the speed of the mixture scattered by the steam explosion is high, the liquid metal may be discharged from the steam discharge port as it is. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 6, it is preferable to provide an obstacle in place for inhibiting the upward movement of the liquid metal.

  The “first guiding path” has a function for returning the liquid metal separated by the separation unit to the liquid metal holding container. Since the liquid metal separated by the separation unit has a relatively heavy specific gravity, it can be appropriately guided by a path considering gravity and returned to the liquid metal holding container. The guide path may be formed by the inner shape itself of the mixture storage container. An obstacle having a function as a separation unit may further have a function as a guide path.

  In addition, when it is assumed that the steam explosion is caused a plurality of times in succession, a configuration in which the liquid metal is heated to a temperature of 300 ° C. or higher in the liquid metal holding container or the first induction path is preferable.

  In the example of FIG. 6, the liquid metal separated from the water vapor is returned to the liquid metal holding container through the inside of the obstacle or mixture storage container. In the example of this figure, the obstacle is oriented substantially horizontally or substantially vertically, but it is also possible to provide an oblique obstacle to guide the liquid metal to the liquid metal holding container.

  The “cooling unit” has a function of returning the water vapor separated in the separation unit to water so that it can be reused for a steam explosion. In order to cause a steam explosion, water needs to exist in a liquid state. For this reason, the water vapor separated in the separation unit is returned to the water so that it can be reused for the steam explosion. As a specific configuration of the cooling unit, it is conceivable to provide a water vapor storage container for storing the water vapor separated in the separation unit, and a cooling mechanism for maintaining the container at 100 ° C. or lower. Here, as the cooling mechanism, various devices such as an air cooling device, a water cooling device, and a mechanical cooling according to the outside air temperature are conceivable.

  The “second guiding path” has a function of guiding water obtained by cooling in the cooling unit to the injection unit. Here, the function of guiding water to the injection part includes a structure in which water obtained by cooling is pressurized in the middle of the guide path to the injection part. The pressure structure may be a pressure pump or the like.

Further, as a structure in which water and liquid metal are shut off from the outside air during operation of the generator, the water intermittently injected from the injection portion can be reduced water mixed with fine carbides. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to deoxygenate because fine carbide and oxygen in the generator react when a steam explosion occurs. Thereby, deterioration due to oxidation of the high-temperature liquid metal can be prevented.

  Note that the generator described in this embodiment can be used as a power source for an electric vehicle. Also, it can be used for other electric products that are driven by electric power.

<Effect>
As described above, by providing the separation portion and the first guiding path, the high-temperature liquid metal scattered by the steam explosion can be stored again in the liquid metal holding container. This makes it possible to cause repeated steam explosions. Further, by further providing the cooling unit and the second induction path, it is possible to reuse the water used for causing the steam explosion.

<Overview>
The generator of this example is basically the same as the generator described in Example 1 or 2, but includes a plurality of combinations of steam explosion chambers and MHD power generators, and the injection part of each steam explosion chamber has It has a feature that can control the timing of intermittent injection of water.

<Configuration>

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the generator of the present embodiment. In addition to the characteristics of the generator shown in the first and second embodiments, a plurality of combinations of “steam explosion chamber” 0701 and “MHD power generation unit” 0702 are provided, and a “control unit” 0703 is further provided. In this figure, there are two sets of “steam explosion chamber” and “MHD power generation unit”, but more combinations are possible.

  By providing a plurality of combinations of “steam explosion chambers” and “MHD power generation units”, for example, it is possible to cause a steam explosion at the same time to take out large electric power instantaneously. Moreover, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the electric power is continuously taken out by sequentially causing the steam explosion by shifting the timing.

  The “control unit” has a function for controlling the timing at which the injection unit of each steam explosion chamber intermittently injects water. As described above, since there are multiple combinations of “steam explosion chambers” and “MHD power generation units”, it is possible to control the timing of injection into each steam explosion chamber and cause steam explosions in various ways. Become. Such control can be realized, for example, by rotationally driving the timing cam with a motor controlled by an electronic computer. It can also be realized by other electromagnetic and mechanical methods.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the structure which further provides the isolation | separation part 0801, the 1st induction path 0802, the cooling part 0803, the 2nd induction path 0804, etc. is also possible so that the scattered liquid metal and water vapor | steam can be reused. It is.

Further, as a structure in which water and liquid metal are shut off from the outside air during operation of the generator, the water intermittently injected from the injection portion can be reduced water mixed with fine carbides. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to deoxygenate because fine carbide and oxygen in the generator react when a steam explosion occurs. This makes it easier to prevent oxidation of the high-temperature liquid metal.

  Note that the generator described in this embodiment can be used as a power source for an electric vehicle. Also, it can be used for other electric products that are driven by electric power.

<Effect>
With the generator of this embodiment, it becomes possible to cause a steam explosion simultaneously or continuously in a plurality of steam explosion chambers, and it is possible to take out a large amount of power instantaneously or take out power continuously. It becomes possible.

0101 ... Steam explosion chamber, 0102 ... MHD power generation unit, 0103 ... Liquid metal holding container, 0104 ... Injection unit, 0201 ... Injection port, 0202 ... Conical top shaft, 0203 ... Timing cam, 0301 ... Inlet side shaft, 0302 ... Timing Side shaft, 0303 ... Spring, 0304 ... Timing cam, 0305 ... Injection port, 0401 ... Working fluid introduction path, 0402 ... Magnetic field generating part, 0403 ... Insulator, 0404 ... Electrode part, 0504 ... Heat conduction structure, 0601 ... Separation part , 0602: First guiding path, 0603: Cooling unit, 0604: Second guiding path, 0703: Control unit

Claims (7)

A liquid metal holding container for holding a high-temperature liquid metal at a temperature of 300 ° C. or higher;
A steam explosion chamber having an injection part for intermittently injecting water into a high-temperature liquid metal held in a liquid metal holding container to cause a steam explosion intermittently;
An MHD power generation unit that introduces a high-temperature liquid metal scattered by a steam explosion in a steam explosion chamber as a working fluid and converts the energy into electric power;
MHD generator by steam explosion in liquid metal consisting of   The MHD generator by steam explosion in liquid metal according to claim 1, further comprising a heat conduction structure that converts shock waves into heat and conducts heat to the liquid metal above the MHD power generation unit. A separation unit for separating the liquid metal from the mixture of water vapor and liquid metal scattered by the steam explosion by a specific gravity difference;
A first guiding path for returning the liquid metal separated in the separation unit to the liquid metal holding container;
The MHD generator by the steam explosion in the liquid metal of Claim 1 or 2 which further has these. A cooling section for returning the water vapor separated in the separation section to water so that it can be reused for a steam explosion;
A second induction path for guiding water obtained by cooling in the cooling section to the injection section;
The MHD generator by the steam explosion in the liquid metal of Claim 3 which further has these.   5. The liquid metal according to claim 1, which has a structure in which water and liquid metal are blocked from outside air during operation, and the water intermittently injected from the injection portion is reduced water mixed with fine carbides. MHD generator due to steam explosion.   6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit that includes a plurality of combinations of the steam explosion chamber and the MHD power generation unit, and further controls a timing at which the injection unit of each steam explosion chamber intermittently injects water. MHD generator with steam explosion in liquid metal.   The electric vehicle provided with the MHD generator by the steam explosion in the liquid metal as described in any one of Claim 1 to 6.

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