JP4931373B2 - Torque converter welding method and torque converter manufactured by the welding method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a torque converter welding method and a torque converter manufactured by the welding method, and belongs to the technical field of welding a drive plate mounting bolt or the like to a converter cover.

  A motor vehicle is provided with a torque converter as a torque transmission device between an engine crankshaft and a transmission.

  The converter cover of the torque converter is coupled to the crankshaft of the engine via a drive plate, and the converter cover and the drive plate are coupled via bolts and nuts.

  As a conventional torque converter, for example, one disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. In Patent Document 1, a nut of a bolt and a nut is welded to the converter cover, and a configuration for increasing the welding accuracy of the nut to the converter cover is disclosed. The purpose of improving the welding accuracy is that the crankshaft rotation speed and torque fluctuations due to the explosion inside the engine are large, so if the welding accuracy of the nut to the converter cover is not sufficient, the welded part or thread will be damaged, Alternatively, the converter cover may be damaged. In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which a nut is welded to a converter cover.

  Moreover, the thing of patent document 3 is known. In Patent Document 3, a bolt is welded to a converter cover instead of a nut, and a drive plate is attached to the converter cover by screwing the nut into the welded bolt.

Since a large rotational force from the crankshaft is transmitted through the drive plate to the nut and bolt welded to the converter cover, the coupling strength of the nut and bolt to the converter cover becomes a problem. Conventionally, as shown in FIG. In addition, for example, the circular outer peripheral portion of the welded portion 5b of the bolt 5 including the screw portion 5a and the disk-shaped welded portion 5b is welded and moved in the same direction as indicated by an arrow, while the welded portion 5b A weld bead 35 is formed on the entire circumference of the bolt and the bolt 5 is welded to the converter cover 2.
JP 2001-193817 A JP 2003-106404 A Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2003-510540

  However, when the entire circumference of the welded portion of the bolt or nut is welded to the converter cover, the weld bead rises at the overlapping portion where the weld bead at the welding start portion and the welding end portion overlaps, and the drive plate is brought into contact with it. In order to secure a seating surface such as a bolt for this purpose, it is sometimes necessary to cut a weld bead having a high hardness. And since the weld bead has high hardness, the tool life is also short.

  Also, since the temperatures of the converter cover and bolts or nuts are low at the welding start part, their penetration amount is small and defects such as welding voids are likely to occur, and if the welding start part is located at the maximum stress generating part, there is a possibility of becoming the starting point of damage. There is.

  Furthermore, in engines with large fluctuations in rotational speed and rotational torque, the weld bead is increased to increase the bond strength. However, increasing the weld bead means heating for a long time, which means that heat deformation In addition, the weld bead adheres to the bearing surface of the bolt, which requires machining as described above.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a torque converter welding method in which the welding strength of bolts and nuts is increased, and a torque converter manufactured by the welding method.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a converter cover coupled to a crankshaft of an engine via a drive plate, a pump impeller coupled to the converter cover, and a rotational force of the pump impeller are transmitted via a fluid. And a turbine runner coupled to an input shaft of the transmission, and the coupling between the converter cover and the drive plate is performed via a plurality of coupling means disposed on the outer periphery of the converter cover. A welding method of a torque converter provided by welding the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion of the coupling means to the converter cover, wherein the weld bead formed by the welded coupling is opposite to the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion. The converter cover is divided into two at positions arranged in the circumferential direction of the converter cover. The contact bead Rukoto provided welded toward the outer peripheral surface side from the center side of the converter cover, in that a welding end portion on the outer peripheral surface disposed welding start portion on the center side of the converter cover Features.

  According to this invention, the welding start portion when welding the welded portion of the coupling means is the center side of the converter cover, and even if a welding defect occurs due to welding variation, the center side has a small stress and may be damaged. No, the welding end part becomes the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover, and the penetration is sufficient and the strength is high. Here, the portion where the maximum tensile stress that maximizes the tensile force applied from the coupling means to the converter cover exists at the position on the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover in the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion, and this portion has high strength. Therefore, necessary and sufficient welding strength can be obtained without providing a large amount of welding beads.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a converter cover connected to a crankshaft of an engine via a drive plate, a pump impeller coupled to the converter cover, and a rotational force of the pump impeller are transmitted via a fluid. And a turbine runner coupled to an input shaft of the transmission, and the coupling between the converter cover and the drive plate is performed via a plurality of coupling means disposed on the outer periphery of the converter cover. A welding method for a torque converter provided by welding the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion of the coupling means to the converter cover, wherein the weld bead formed by the welded coupling is connected to the converter in the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion. Provided except for the non-welded part on the center side of the cover, where the weld bead is on one side of the non-welded part. Wherein by along the outer periphery of the welded portion provided continuously welded to the other side of the non-welded portion, the welding start section and arranged welding end portion on the center side of the converter cover, the outer periphery of the welded portion The welding direction along the portion is a direction opposite to the direction in which the crankshaft rotates .

According to the present invention, since there is no weld bead overlap, the weld bead does not swell, and the converter cover has a central portion serving as a welding start portion, so that the tensile force applied to the converter cover from the coupling means is maximized. A weld bead is sufficiently provided on the outer peripheral surface side of the steel plate to increase the strength.
According to the present invention, the load applied to the welding start portion that may cause a welding defect is not a tensile force but a compressive force that does not easily cause breakage, and thus a necessary and sufficient weld strength without providing a large amount of weld beads. Is obtained.

The invention according to claim 3 is the torque converter welding method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the coupling means is a combination of a bolt and a nut, and either the bolt or the nut is welded to the converter cover. It is characterized by being.

  According to the present invention, since a combination of a bolt and a nut is used as the coupling means, either one of the bolt and the nut is welded to the converter cover.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the torque converter welding method according to the third aspect , the shape of the welded portion of the bolt or nut is circular.

  According to this invention, since the shape of the welded portion of the bolt or nut is circular, the bolt or nut can be manufactured at low cost. Moreover, since it is circular, it is not necessary to consider positioning in the rotation direction of the bolt.

Invention of the torque converter according to claim 5, characterized in that it is manufactured by the welding method of the torque converter according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

  According to this torque converter invention, the welding start portion when welding the welded portion of the coupling means for coupling the drive plate to the converter cover to the converter cover becomes the center side of the converter cover, and is temporarily welded. Even if a welding defect occurs due to the variation of the above, there is no fear of breakage because the stress is small on the center side, and the welding end portion becomes the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover, so that the penetration is sufficient and the strength is high. And the maximum tensile stress generation part where the tensile force applied to the converter cover from the coupling means is maximum exists at the position on the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover in the outer peripheral part of the welded part, and the strength is high in this part. Necessary and sufficient welding strength can be obtained without providing a large amount of welding beads.

  According to the welding method of the torque converter according to the present invention, the converter cover which is the position where the maximum tensile stress generating portion where the tensile force applied from the coupling means to the converter cover is the maximum is present in the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion of the coupling means. Since no welding start portion that may cause a welding defect is arranged on the outer peripheral surface side of the steel plate, the welding strength is high at the portion where the maximum tensile stress is generated, and a necessary and sufficient welding strength can be obtained without providing a large amount of welding beads.

  Further, according to the torque converter according to the present invention, the welding start portion when welding the welded portion of the coupling means for coupling the drive plate to the converter cover to the converter cover is the center side of the converter cover. Even if a welding defect occurs due to welding variations, the stress on the center side is small and there is no risk of breakage, and the welded end portion is on the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover, so that the penetration is sufficient and the strength is high. And the maximum tensile stress generation part where the tensile force applied to the converter cover from the coupling means is maximum exists at the position on the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover in the outer peripheral part of the welded part, and the strength is high in this part. Necessary and sufficient welding strength can be obtained without providing a large amount of welding beads.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a torque converter welding method and a torque converter manufactured by welding according to the present invention will be described.
(A) Embodiment 1
First, the outline of the configuration and operation of the torque converter will be described, and then the parts constituting the invention will be described in detail.

  The configuration of the torque converter is shown in FIG. An engine crankshaft 32 is provided on the right side of the torque converter 1. A converter cover 2 on the right side of the torque converter 1 is coupled to the crankshaft 32 via a drive plate 33. The crankshaft 32 and the drive plate 33 are coupled via bolts 36, and the drive plate 33 and the converter cover 2 are coupled via bolts 5 and nuts 34. By connecting a pump impeller 3 to the converter cover 2, a converter housing 4 that is an outer frame is configured. The pump impeller 3 is composed of an impeller shell 3a, a plurality of blades 8 and a core 6. A rotational force is applied to an oil pump of a transmission (not shown) on the left side of the torque converter 1 at the axial center position of the impeller shell 3a. A sleeve 7 for transmission is welded.

  On the other hand, a turbine hub 9 is spline-fitted to an input shaft (not shown) of the transmission, and a turbine runner 10 and a driven plate 11 are coupled to the turbine hub 9 via rivets 12. The turbine runner 10 includes a turbine shell 10a, a plurality of blades 13, and a core 14. A stator 15 is provided between the pump impeller 3 and the turbine runner 10 in the axial direction, and the stator 15 is set to be rotatable only in one direction.

  When the rotational speed of the converter housing 4 exceeds a predetermined value, the lock-up piston 19 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion of the turbine hub 9 via the seal ring 23 so that the pump impeller 3 and the turbine runner 10 can be directly connected. The friction material 28 is bonded to the lock-up piston 19 at a position in contact with the inner surface of the converter cover 2. The lockup piston 19 and the turbine hub 9 that are directly connected to the converter cover 2 are connected to each other via a vibration damper 20 that is disposed on the outer side in the radial direction. The vibration damper 20 is constituted by a holding plate 21 that is coupled to the lock-up piston 19 and holds the spring 24, and the driven plate 11 that compresses the spring 24 with the holding plate 21.

  Thrust needle bearings 31 as thrust bearings are provided on both sides of the stator 15. That is, a thrust needle bearing 31 that receives axial thrust is provided between a bearing support 27 and a turbine hub 9 and between the sleeve 7 and the stator 15, which will be described later.

  The operation of the torque converter 1 having the above configuration will be described. When torque is input from the crankshaft (not shown) to the converter housing 4, the torque is transmitted to the turbine runner 10 via the fluid in the converter housing 4, and is transmitted from the turbine hub 9 to the input shaft (not shown) of the adjacent transmission on the left. Is done. In an operating state in which the difference in rotational speed between the pump impeller 3 and the turbine runner 10 is large, the torque amplification action by the stator 15 works and the turbine runner 10 is rotated with a large torque. When the difference in rotational speed between the pump impeller 3 and the turbine runner 10 is reduced, the torque amplification action is lost, and power is transmitted from the pump impeller 3 to the turbine runner 10 simply as a fluid coupling.

  When the converter housing 4 rotates at a predetermined speed or higher, the lock-up piston 19 controlled by the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the control chamber 29 moves to the right, and the friction material 28 presses against the inner surface of the converter cover 2. Then, the lockup piston 19 is directly connected to the converter cover 2. For this reason, the rotational torque of the converter cover 2 is transmitted directly to the turbine hub 9 via the lockup piston 19 and the vibration damper 20 without passing through the fluid in the converter housing 4.

  Next, a connecting portion between the converter cover 2 and the drive plate 33 will be described in detail. The converter cover 2 and the drive plate 33 are coupled to each other through a combination of the bolts 5 and nuts 34 as a plurality of coupling means disposed on the outer periphery of the converter cover 2. The bolt 5 is welded to the converter cover 2. As shown in FIG. 3, four bolts 5 are provided on the outer side surface of the converter cover 2 every 90 degrees along the circumferential direction. Each bolt 5 is formed by integrally forming a threaded portion 5 a and a welded portion 5 b, and an outer peripheral portion of the welded portion 5 b is welded to the converter cover 2. A seat surface 2a with increased flatness is formed at a portion of the converter cover 2 where the welded portion 5b is welded, and a weld bead 35 is provided between the seat surface 2a and the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion 5b. Is provided.

  An enlarged view of portion B in FIG. 3A is shown in FIG. The shape of the welded portion 5b of the bolt 5 is circular. As shown in the figure, the weld bead 35 is divided into two at positions opposite to each other on the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion 5b of the bolt 5, and “()”. It is provided in the shape. Each of the two weld beads 35 divided into two is arranged at a position aligned in the circumferential direction of the converter cover 2. Each of the divided weld beads 35 is welded along a circular arc from the center side of the converter cover 2 toward the outer peripheral surface side as indicated by an arrow. A relatively short non-welded portion g is provided on the center side of the converter cover 2 and a relatively long non-welded portion G is provided on the outer peripheral surface side between the ends of the weld beads 35 divided into two.

  The reason why the weld bead 35 is divided into two in this way and welded along a circular arc from the center side of the converter cover 2 toward the outer peripheral surface side will be described below. The rotational force of the crankshaft 32 is transmitted from the drive plate 33 to the converter cover 2 via the bolt 5. When the entire circumference of the welded part 5b is welded to the converter cover 2 as shown in FIG. 2A, when the bolt 5 tries to rotate in the clockwise direction relative to the converter cover 2, as shown by the arrow. A normal force F is applied from the bolt 5 to the converter cover 2. Therefore, a tensile force acts on the bolt 5 on the left arc-shaped weld bead 35 in the drawing, and a compressive force acts on the right arc-shaped weld bead 35 on the right. Since the crankshaft rotation speed and rotational torque fluctuate due to the explosion inside the engine, the tension action and the compression action are repeated, but the tension in the direction of torque transmission is the main input, so the bolt 5 On the other hand, the tensile force applied to the arc-shaped weld bead 35 on the left side in FIG. 2 (a) is mainly, and it is necessary to increase the weld strength of this portion.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the outer periphery of the converter cover 2 is drawn into a cylindrical shape, so that the outer periphery of the converter cover 2 has higher rigidity than the inner periphery. Yes. For this reason, when the rotational torque from the engine acts on the bolt 5, the outer peripheral portion of the converter cover 2 has a greater resistance to deformation than the inner peripheral portion, and the original shape is easily maintained.

  For these two reasons and the geometric reason between the weld bead 35 and the converter cover 2, it is a boundary portion between the left arc-shaped weld bead 35 and the converter cover 2, and is located on the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover 2. The maximum tensile stress will be generated. As shown in FIG. 2A, the position where the maximum tensile stress is generated when the bolt 5 rotates clockwise and the force F indicated by the arrow acts from the bolt 5 to the converter cover 2 is analyzed by the finite element method (FEM analysis). As a result of calculation, it has become clear that the portion where the maximum tensile stress occurs is located at the P1 position shown in FIG. In this way, the maximum tensile stress generation portion P1 is present at the position shown in FIG. 2A, and the presence position of the maximum tensile stress generation portion P1 is “the weld bead 35, the converter cover 2 and the Is the “arc-shaped position on the left side of the boundary portion” and “the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover 2”.

  From the above, the welding end portion where the penetration is sufficiently strong and the strength is high is located at the position of the maximum tensile stress generation portion P1, and the welding start portion where the welding defect is likely to occur due to the welding variation is located on the opposite side. Thus, as shown by an arrow in FIG. 1A, welding is performed from the center side of the converter cover 2 toward the outer peripheral surface side. Since the welding end portion on the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover 2 which is the upper portion of FIG. 1A is sufficiently melted and has a high strength, welding defects are present as compared with the welding start portion which is the lower portion of FIG. The risk of occurrence is low and the strength is high. Therefore, necessary and sufficient welding strength can be obtained without providing a large amount of welding beads 35.

  Since the welding method as described above is employed, the welding start portion when welding the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion 5b of the bolt 5 becomes the center side of the converter cover 2, while the penetration is sufficient and the strength is high. The welding end portion becomes the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover 2, and the maximum tensile stress generating portion P1 where the tensile force applied from the bolt 5 to the converter cover 2 is maximized is located at the welding end portion where the strength is large, and a large amount of the welding bead 35 is provided. Necessary and sufficient welding strength can be obtained without providing.

  According to this welding method, since the shape of the welded portion 5b of the bolt 5 is circular, the bolt 5 can be manufactured at a low cost. Further, since the shape of the welded portion 5b is circular, it is not necessary to consider positioning of the bolt 5 in the rotational direction.

In this welding method, when the pitch circle of the bolt 5 is designed so as to cover the cylindrical portion on the outer periphery of the converter cover 2, there is a large gap between the end surface of the welded part 5 b and the converter cover 2. Although the welding work is difficult, the present invention performs welding in a “()” shape except the non-welded portion g on the center side of the converter cover 2 and the non-welded portion G on the outer peripheral surface side. Even in the case of design, since the outer peripheral surface side is not welded, the workability of the welding work is good.
(B) Embodiment 2
Next, a second embodiment will be described. Since the second embodiment is obtained by changing a part of the first embodiment, the description of the same part is omitted, and only a different part is described.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, in this embodiment, the weld bead 35 is provided except for the non-welded portion g on the center side of the converter cover 2 in the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion 5b of the bolt 5. The weld bead 35 is provided by continuous welding from one side of the non-welded part g to the other side along the outer peripheral part of the welded part 5b. In this case, the welding is performed in the counterclockwise direction opposite to the clockwise direction in which the crankshaft 32 rotates from the right side of the non-welded portion g to the left side along the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion 5b as indicated by an arrow.

  The reason why the non-welded portion g is provided on the center side of the converter cover 2 is that when the weld bead 35 is provided over the entire circumference of the welded portion 5b without providing the non-welded portion g, an overlap portion of the weld bead 35 is formed. This is because the height of the weld bead 35 becomes too high at the portion, and the weld bead 35 must be cut to the seating surface of the welded portion 5b for contacting the drive plate 33. Moreover, by providing the non-welded part g, as a result, a welding part decreases and welding time is also shortened.

  The reason for welding in the counterclockwise direction is that the portion subjected to the tensile action as described above is liable to damage the weld bead 35, and therefore the left side of the bolt 5 in FIG. Consideration is made so that a welding end portion having a high welding strength is arranged on the arc-shaped weld bead 35, while a welding start portion that may cause a welding defect is arranged on the right arc-shaped welding bead 35 subjected to the compression action. The right side is the welding start part.

  According to the present invention, since the weld bead 35 is not overlapped by providing the non-welded portion g, the weld bead 35 does not rise, and the center side of the converter cover 2 is likely to cause a welding defect. Thus, the weld bead 35 is sufficiently provided on the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover 2 where the maximum tensile stress generating portion P1 where the tensile force applied from the bolt 5 to the converter cover 2 is maximized, and the strength is increased.

  According to the present invention, the load applied to the welding start portion that may cause a welding defect is not a tensile force but a compressive force that does not easily cause breakage, so that necessary and sufficient welding is performed without providing a large amount of welding beads 35. Strength is obtained.

  The torque fluctuation of the engine varies greatly depending on the type of engine such as gasoline engine, direct injection engine, diesel engine, etc., but the torque fluctuation always occurs because the reciprocating motion due to the explosion is converted into the rotational motion. For this reason, the arc-shaped weld bead 35 on the right side of FIG. 2A is constantly subjected to a compressive action, but a tensile action is generated instantaneously, and the tensile stress due to this instantaneous tensile action is generated. In the range of the arc-shaped weld bead 35 on the right side of FIG. 2A, the second highest tensile stress is generated in the region indicated by P2 in FIG. Accordingly, when looking at the portion of the right arc-shaped weld bead 35 that is steadily subjected to compression action, the welding start position is the center side of the converter cover 2 in both cases of the first embodiment and the second embodiment. Is preferable.

  According to the torque converter manufactured by the torque converter welding method of the first and second embodiments, the welded portion 5b of the bolt 5 for connecting the drive plate 33 to the converter cover 2 is welded to the converter cover 2. When the welding start portion becomes the center side of the converter cover 2, even if a welding defect occurs due to welding variations, there is no risk of damage because the stress is small on the center side. The outer peripheral surface side has sufficient melting and high strength. And the maximum tensile stress generation | occurrence | production part P1 in which the tensile force added to the converter cover 2 from the volt | bolt 5 becomes the maximum exists in the position of the outer peripheral surface side of the converter cover 2 in the outer peripheral part of the to-be-welded part 5b. Since the strength is high, a necessary and sufficient welding strength can be obtained without providing a large amount of welding beads 35.

  In the embodiment, a combination of a bolt and a nut is used as the coupling means, but the present invention is not limited to this. Moreover, although the case where a bolt was welded to a converter cover was demonstrated, you may weld a nut to a converter cover. Furthermore, the shape of the welded part is not limited to a circle but may be a square or a rectangle. In this case, in addition to increasing the strength of the weld bead itself by specifying the welding start position and welding direction as described above, the weld strength is further increased by making the shape of the welded portion square or rectangular. .

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part B of FIG. 3, (a) is an explanatory diagram showing the first embodiment, and (b) is an explanatory diagram showing the second embodiment. (A) is a description showing the result of calculating the position of the maximum tensile stress generated in the portion where the tensile force on the left side of the bolt acts by the finite element method analysis, when the rotational force is applied from the bolt to the converter cover. FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing the position of the maximum tensile stress that is instantaneously generated in the portion where the compressive force on the right side of the bolt acts. It is related with the converter cover which welded the volt | bolt, (a) is a front view, (b) is an AA arrow directional view of (a). The block diagram of a torque converter. Explanatory drawing which shows the welding method of the volt | bolt to the conventional converter cover.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Torque converter 2 ... Converter cover 3 ... Pump impeller 5 ... Bolt (coupling means)
5b: welded part 10 ... turbine runner 32 ... crankshaft 33 ... drive plate 34 ... nut (coupling means)
35 ... weld bead g ... non-welded part

Claims (5)

A converter cover coupled to the crankshaft of the engine via a drive plate, a pump impeller coupled to the converter cover, and the rotational force of the pump impeller is transmitted via fluid and coupled to the input shaft of the transmission. Turbine runner
The converter cover and the drive plate are coupled to each other through a plurality of coupling means disposed on the outer periphery of the converter cover, and the coupling means connects the outer periphery of the welded portion of the coupling means to the converter cover. In the welding method of the torque converter provided by being welded to
A weld bead formed by the welded joint is divided into two at positions opposite to each other on the outer peripheral portion of the welded portion and aligned in the circumferential direction of the converter cover, and each weld bead is provided in the converter. Welding of a torque converter characterized in that a welding start portion is disposed on the center side of the converter cover and a welding end portion is disposed on the outer peripheral surface side by being welded from the center side of the cover toward the outer peripheral surface side. Method. A converter cover coupled to the crankshaft of the engine via a drive plate, a pump impeller coupled to the converter cover, and the rotational force of the pump impeller is transmitted via fluid and coupled to the input shaft of the transmission. Turbine runner
The converter cover and the drive plate are coupled to each other through a plurality of coupling means disposed on the outer periphery of the converter cover, and the coupling means connects the outer periphery of the welded portion of the coupling means to the converter cover. In the welding method of the torque converter provided by being welded to
A weld bead based on the welded joint is provided except for a non-weld portion on the center side of the converter cover in an outer peripheral portion of the welded portion, and the weld bead is provided on an outer periphery of the welded portion from one side of the non-welded portion. By providing a continuous weld to the other side of the non-welded part along the part, a welding start part and a welding end part are arranged on the center side of the converter cover,
A welding method for a torque converter , wherein a welding direction along an outer peripheral portion of the welded portion is a direction opposite to a direction in which the crankshaft rotates . In the torque converter welding method according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The connecting means is a combination of a bolt and a nut, and either one of the bolt and the nut is welded to the converter cover. In the torque converter welding method according to claim 3 ,
A welding method for a torque converter, wherein the welded portion of the bolt or nut is circular. Torque converter, characterized in that it is manufactured by the welding method of the torque converter according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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