JP4929360B2 - Segment excavator for tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a monorail (monorack) type segment assembling apparatus in a tunnel excavator such as a shield excavator.

  Conventionally, in shield excavators, it is well known that the inner circumference of a tunnel that has been excavated is primarily lined with a segment ring. As a segment assembly device at that time, a ring type, a rack and pinion type, a hollow shaft, etc. Various structures such as formulas have been proposed.

  In recent years, for example, there are many requests for tunnel construction having a width of 3 lanes or more for one way. However, when these wide tunnels are excavated with a circular shield excavator, the top and bottom tops of the tunnel are unnecessary. The excavation volume of such a part increases remarkably and the efficiency is poor.

  Therefore, it is conceivable that the excavation cross-sectional shape is an ellipse, a composite circle or a rectangle (all are non-circular), and the segment assembling apparatus at that time can also assemble the segments along the excavation cross-sectional shape. Are disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3.

JP-A-1-318700 No. 6-9115 Japanese Patent No. 2661833

  However, in the segment assembling apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1, the turning frame erector that runs on the rail is capable of self-running by the rotation of the pinion that meshes with the gear laid along the rail. Since the tangential force (driving force) is small, it is difficult to transport a segment piece with a large load (about 10 tons), and a mechanism that only lifts and lowers the frame that holds the segment piece by a telescopic jack in addition to the support jack. Because it has a small number of operations, there are limits to adapting to various excavation cross-sectional shapes, lacking versatility, and lacking a safety device for preventing the fall of the swivel frame erector, it also lacks reliability. There was a problem.

  Further, in the segment assembling apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2, the erector apparatus main body that travels on the guide rail is capable of self-propelled by the rotation of a pinion that meshes with a rack laid along the guide rail. Therefore, since the tangential force (driving force) is small, it is difficult to transport a segment piece with a large load (about 10 tons), and the segment gripping mechanism that grips the segment piece can be expanded and contracted by a hydraulic cylinder in addition to a steady-state jack. Because it has a mechanism to do so, the number of operations is small, so there is a limit to dealing with various excavation cross-sectional shapes, it lacks versatility, and it does not have a safety device for preventing the fall of the erector body There was a problem of lack of credibility.

  Further, in the segment assembling apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 3, the pair of left and right traveling frames traveling on the rectangular guide rail can be self-propelled by the rotation of a sprocket that meshes with a chain rack laid along the guide rail. Therefore, it is difficult to transport a segment piece with a large load (about 10 tons) because the tangential force (driving force) is small, and it is supported so that it can rotate across a pair of left and right traveling frames. The holding frame that is movable in the shield axial direction and movable in the normal direction and tangential direction of the rectangular guide rail is provided on the erector frame, so that the structure is enlarged and the excavation cross-sectional shape is limited to rectangular In addition to the lack of versatility, there is a problem of lack of reliability due to lack of a safety device for preventing the traveling frame from falling. .

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a highly reliable segment assembling apparatus for a tunnel excavator that can sufficiently cope with a large excavation cross-sectional shape and can easily assemble segments having various excavation cross-sectional shapes. Objective.

In order to achieve the above object, a tunnel excavator segment assembling apparatus according to the present invention includes a tunnel excavator body having an arbitrary excavation cross section, and a T-shaped rail is laid in an annular shape on the inner periphery of the excavator main body. The main body of the erector device equipped with guide rollers in contact with the upper and lower surfaces and the left and right surfaces in a cross-sectional view of the rail is meshed with a pin roller array attached along the entire length of the rail, and a motor-driven sprocket incorporated in the erector device body. The excavator body is provided with a safety device for preventing the erector apparatus body from falling, and as the safety device, the right and left sides of the ring girder part of the excavator body are inwardly as required. A plurality of stoppers that protrude and can be engaged with the erector apparatus main body are provided at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction .

Also,
Each of the stoppers is controlled by the control means so that, when an abnormality of the erector apparatus main body is detected according to the running state of the erector apparatus main body, only the stopper located immediately after the erector apparatus main body protrudes. It is characterized by.

Also,
Each of the stoppers can be engaged with a reinforcing rib attached to the bottom of the erector apparatus main body at the protruding limit position.

  According to the segment assembling apparatus of the tunnel excavator according to the present invention, the drive mechanism by the engagement of the pin roller row and the sprocket can increase the conveyance load and can sufficiently cope with the large excavation cross-sectional shape, and is not limited to the circular shape. It is possible to easily assemble segments having various excavation cross-sectional shapes such as an ellipse, a composite circle, and a rectangle. On the other hand, since the safety device prevents the erector apparatus body from falling, the reliability of the apparatus is enhanced.

It is a principal part side view of the shield excavator which shows one Example of this invention. It is a front view of a segment. It is a rear view of an excavator main body. It is a sectional side view of a segment assembly apparatus. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a side view which shows the action state of a two-stage lifting apparatus. It is a rear view which shows the operation state of a segment assembly apparatus. It is a rear view which shows the different operation state of a segment assembly apparatus. It is a rear view of the excavator main body which shows the whole safety device. It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. It is structure explanatory drawing of a stopper.

  Hereinafter, a segment assembling apparatus for a tunnel excavator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 is a side view of a main part of a shield excavator showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of a segment, FIG. 3 is a rear view of an excavator body, and FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a segment assembling apparatus. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 4, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. FIG. 9 is a rear view showing the operating state of the segment assembling apparatus, FIG. 10 is a rear view showing different operating states of the segment assembling apparatus, and FIG. 11 is a rear view of the excavator body showing the entire safety device. 12 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of the structure of the stopper.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, for example, a segment assembling apparatus 11 is assembled on the inner periphery of a ring girder portion 10 a constituting an excavator body 10 of a hand-digged shield excavator (tunnel excavator) having a rectangular excavation section. The segment assembly device 11 assembles the segment S into a ring shape on the inner periphery of the tail portion (tail skin plate) 10b of the excavator body 10.

  The segment S is assembled into a rectangular shape along the inner periphery of the tail portion (tail skin plate) 10b by eight segment pieces S1 to S8 having different lengths and shapes (see FIG. 2). In FIG. 1, 12 is a shield jack for advancing (digging) the excavator body 10 by applying a reaction force to the existing segment S, 13 is a belt conveyor for discharging excavated earth and sand, and 14 is a segment S assembled in a ring shape. It is a shape holding device.

  The segment assembling apparatus 11 has a ring 15 having a T-shaped cross section laid annularly on the inner periphery of the ring girder portion 10a, and the upper and lower and left and right guide rollers 16, 17, 18 on the rail 15 in a cross-sectional view (FIG. 4). The erector apparatus main body 20 is configured to be able to travel through (see).

  The rail 15 is coupled by a bolt 22 between a pair of front and rear double brackets 21 erected on the inner periphery of the ring girder portion 10a at the base end portion of the vertical plate portion 15a (see FIG. 4), A pin roller row 23 is provided along the entire length of the rail 15 on the upper surface of the plate portion 15b (the inner peripheral surface of the rail 15). In the pin roller row 23, a large number of pin rollers 23b are pivotally supported with a predetermined distance apart in the longitudinal direction between a pair of front and rear support plates 23a erected on the upper surface of the horizontal plate portion 15b. Become.

  In addition, the shape of the front view of the horizontal plate portion 15b is formed in an elliptical shape. Accordingly, the height of the vertical plate portion 15a that meets the inner circumference of the rectangular ring girder portion 10a is set higher than that of the general portion at the corner portion. Further, the arc-shaped portion of the horizontal plate portion 15b is designed by a combination of a plurality of arcs so that a traveling path (surface) that is as smoothly continuous as possible can be obtained. That is, a sprocket 25 (described later) meshes smoothly with the pin roller row 23 attached to the horizontal plate portion 15b.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the erector apparatus main body 20 is supported by the housing portion 24 so as to be rotatable, and the eight traveling bodies roll on the upper and lower surfaces in a cross-sectional view of the horizontal plate portion 15 b in the rail 15. Guide roller 16, four thrust guide rollers 17 that roll on the left and right sides in a cross-sectional view of the horizontal plate portion 15, and four thrust guides that roll on the left and right sides of the vertical plate portion 15 a in the rail 15. The roller 18 is supported so as to be able to run.

  A single sprocket 25 that meshes with the above-described pin roller row 23 is rotatably supported by the housing portion 24, and one end of the rotating shaft 26 is a pair of left and right gear trains on the rear surface side of the housing portion 24. It is connected to a pair of left and right traveling hydraulic motors 28a and 28b via 27a and 27b, respectively. In the figure, 29 is an oil tank, and 30a and 30b are power units for supplying hydraulic oil in the oil tank 29 to the traveling hydraulic motors 28a and 28b. Reference numerals 130a and 130b denote auxiliary tanks that absorb oil in and out associated with expansion and contraction of a lifting jack, which will be described later.

  A two-stage lifting device 32 for moving the segment piece gripping mechanism 31 up and down is provided on the rear surface side of the housing portion 24, and the segment piece gripping mechanism 31 is perpendicular to the excavator body axis in the lifting device 32. A swing mechanism 33 (see FIG. 5) for swinging is provided.

  The lifting device 32 can be moved up and down by a telescopic operation of a pair of left and right first lifting jacks 37a and 37b in which a first lifting table 36 is interposed between the plurality of linear guides 35 on a base 34. And a pair of left and right second lifting jacks 40a, 40b that are supported by the first lifting table 36 with a plurality of linear guides 38 and a second lifting table 39 interposed therebetween. Is supported so as to be movable up and down.

  The first elevator 36 is divided into two parts in the front-rear direction, and a ring-shaped part attached to the front side of the rear elevator 36b on a circular protrusion 41 attached to the rear side of the front elevator 36a. 42 is rotatably fitted, and the rear lifting platform 36b is orthogonal to the excavator body axis by reciprocal expansion and contraction of a pair of left and right swing jacks 43a, 43b interposed between the two 36a, 36b. It is possible to swing in the plane to do. That is, the swing mechanism 33 of the segment piece gripping mechanism 31 is configured (see FIG. 5).

  A segment piece gripping mechanism 31 is disposed on the rear surface side of the second lifting platform 39. The segment piece gripping mechanism 31 is slid in the front-rear direction by the expansion / contraction operation of the slide jack 46 in which the gripper 45 is interposed between the left and right guide posts 44a and 44b on the second lift 39. Be supported as possible.

  The gripper 45 is provided with a pair of front and rear support jacks 48 positioned on the left and right sides of the pair of front and rear pin support brackets 47. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 49 denotes a hanging bracket for each of the segment pieces S1 to S8 that is pin-coupled to the pin support bracket 47.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the excavator main body 10 has a predetermined circumferential direction on the left and right side portions (short side portions) of the ring girder portion 10 a as a safety device for preventing the erector device main body 20 from falling. A plurality of (five in the illustrated example) stoppers 50 are disposed at intervals.

  The stopper 50 has a crested cylindrical casing 52 having a predetermined angle with the ring girder portion 10a and a bolt 51, and a double-cylindrical movable body 53 having a top, and an inner cylindrical portion 53a and a casing. By being supplied and discharged with pressure oil to and from a cylinder portion 54 provided between the bottom portion 52 and the bottom portion 52, it is accommodated so as to be able to appear and extend (extend and contract). Further, the protrusion limit (extension) position of the movable body 53 is regulated by the long hole 52a drilled in the casing 52 and the pin 55 projecting from the outer cylinder portion 53b of the movable body 53 (see FIG. 13). .

  At the extended position of the movable body 53 in each stopper 50, the foremost portion of the plurality of reinforcing ribs 24a attached to the bottom portion of the housing portion 24 in the erector apparatus main body 20 (in the direction in which the erector apparatus main body 20 is about to fall). (Refer to the chain line state of the movable body 53 in FIG. 12).

  It should be noted that the operation timing of the stopper 50 is determined when the abnormality of the drive device of the erector apparatus main body 20 is detected according to the traveling state of the erector apparatus main body 20 using a control means such as a microcomputer. Only the stopper 50 located immediately after the main body 20 may be operated (movable body 53 protrudes), or all the stoppers 50 may be simultaneously operated (movable body 53 protrudes).

  Since it is configured in this way, the shield jack 12 is extended and the excavator body 10 is moved forward (excavated) by taking a reaction force on the segment S assembled across multiple rings in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The ground in front is excavated, and the excavated earth and sand are discharged to the outside by the belt conveyor 13 or the like.

  In synchronism with the advancement (digging) of the excavator body 10, the segment assembly device 11 and the shape holding device 14 assemble the segment S into a ring shape and hold the shape thereof. By repeating this, a tunnel having a rectangular excavation cross-sectional shape is excavated and formed over a predetermined length.

  In the present embodiment, when assembling the segment S similar to the excavation cross-sectional shape of the tunnel by the segment assembling apparatus 11 described above, an elliptical shape with a T-shaped cross section along the inner periphery of the rectangular ring girder portion 10 is used. The main body 20 of the erector apparatus travels on the rail 15.

  At this time, the erector apparatus main body 20 is capable of self-propelling because the sprocket 25 driven to rotate by the pair of left and right traveling hydraulic motors 28a and 28b meshes with the pin roller row 23 attached on the rail 15, so that the rack and Compared with a drive device such as a pinion system or a traveling sprocket-chain rack system, the tangential force is much larger, so that the conveyance load can be increased and a large excavation cross-sectional shape can be sufficiently accommodated.

  The elliptical rail 15 has a combination of a plurality of arcs, and the rail 15 has a T-shaped cross section, and upper and lower, left and right guide rollers 16, 17, 18 are arranged to maintain weight and support moment. Since this is possible, smooth conveyance is ensured and the conveyance load can be further increased.

  In addition, since the erector apparatus main body 20 has the traveling hydraulic motors 28a, 28b, the power units 30a, 30b and the like mounted with the oil tank 29 on the opposite side of the segment piece gripping mechanism 31 across the rail 15, the segment pieces S1 to S8. The weight balance with the segment piece gripping mechanism 31 that grips the head is ensured, and smoother transport is guaranteed.

  In addition, the erector apparatus main body 20 includes a two-stage lifting device 32 that lifts and lowers the segment piece gripping mechanism 31 and swings the segment piece gripping mechanism 31 on the lifting device 32 in a plane perpendicular to the excavator body axis. Since the swing mechanism 33 is provided, as shown in FIGS. 4, 8, 9 and 10, many combined operations can be obtained, and the segment pieces S1, S4, S5 and S8, etc. can be positioned particularly at the corners. Since it becomes easy, the assembly of the segment S can be easily performed even in a rectangular excavation cross-sectional shape. Of course, the segments can be easily assembled not only in the rectangular shape but also in various excavation cross-sectional shapes such as an elliptical shape, a composite circular shape or a circular shape.

  4 shows the highest position of the segment piece gripping mechanism 31, and FIG. 8 shows the lowest position of the segment piece gripping mechanism 31. Moreover, FIG. 9 shows the attitude | position of the erector apparatus main body 20 at the time of assembling the segment piece S5, and FIG. 10 shows the attitude | position of the erector apparatus main body 20 at the time of assembling the segment piece S4.

  Further, in this embodiment, by positioning the erector apparatus main body 20 on both the left and right sides of the elliptical rail 15, a large effective space in the central portion in the rail 15 can be secured, and the excavator main body 10 The working space for equipment loading and unloading can be increased.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the excavator body 10 is provided with the stopper 50 as a safety device for preventing the erector apparatus body 20 from falling, so that the reliability of the apparatus is enhanced by improving safety.

  Further, since the stopper 50 is hydraulically driven, the structure is simple, and the stopper 50 can be easily linked to the traveling state of the erector apparatus main body 20 using a control means such as a microcomputer.

  Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes such as a change of the driving means of the stopper 50 are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention. Further, the tunnel excavator provided with the segment assembling apparatus according to the present invention is limited to the manual excavation type shield excavator, the mud pressure shield excavator, the mud shield excavator, the mechanical shield excavator and the tunnel boring machine ( TBM) or the like.

10 Excavator body 10a Ring girder part 10b Tail part (skin plate)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Segment assembly apparatus 12 Shield jack 13 Belt conveyor 14 Shape holding apparatus 15 Rail of T-shaped section 15a Vertical plate portion 15b Horizontal plate portion 16 Traveling guide roller 17 Thrust guide roller 18 Thrust guide roller 20 Elector device main body 21 Two Heavy bracket 22 Bolt 23 Pin roller array 23a Support plate 23b Pin roller 24 Housing part 25 Sprocket 26 Rotating shaft 27a, 27b Gear train 28a, 28b Travel hydraulic motor 29 Oil tank 30a, 30b Power unit 31 Segment gripping mechanism 32 Lifting device 33 Swing Mechanism 34 Base 35 Linear guide 36 First lifting platform 36a Front lifting platform 36b Rear lifting platform 37a, 37b First lifting jack 38 Linear guide 39 Second lifting platform 40 , 40b Second lifting jack 41 Circular protrusion 42 Ring-shaped part 43a, 43b Swing jack 44a, 44b Guide post 45 Gripper 46 Slide jack 47 Pin support bracket 48 Support jack 49 Lifting bracket 50 Stopper 51 Bolt 52 Cylindrical casing 52a Long Hole 53 Movable body 53a Inner cylinder part 53b Outer cylinder part 54 Cylinder part 55 Pin S segment S1 to S8 Segment piece

Claims (3)

An erector main body provided with a T-shaped rail in an annular shape on the inner periphery of a tunnel excavator having an arbitrary excavation section, and provided with guide rollers respectively in contact with the upper and lower surfaces and the left and right surfaces in a cross-sectional view of the rail Can be driven by engaging a motor-driven sprocket built in the main body of the erection device with a pin roller row attached along the entire length of the rail, and preventing the erection device main body from falling on the excavator main body. A safety device is provided , and as the safety device, on both left and right sides of the ring girder portion of the excavator main body, a stopper that protrudes inward when necessary and engages with the erector device main body is spaced apart at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. A segment assembling apparatus for a tunnel excavator, characterized in that a plurality thereof are provided . Each of the stoppers is controlled by the control means so that, when an abnormality of the erector apparatus main body is detected according to the running state of the erector apparatus main body, only the stopper located immediately after the erector apparatus main body protrudes. The segment assembling apparatus for a tunnel excavator according to claim 1 . The segment assembling apparatus for a tunnel excavator according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein each stopper is engageable with a reinforcing rib attached to the bottom of the erector apparatus main body at a projecting limit position.

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