JP4923448B2 - Unclamp confirmation device for clamp mechanism - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an unclamping confirmation device in a clamping mechanism for confirming an unclamping operation after clamping a turning operation in a turning mechanism of a machine tool, for example, an indexing mechanism using a servo motor of a turret tool post.

  Various indexing mechanisms of machine tools, such as indexing mechanisms using a turret tool post servo motor, etc., use a clamping mechanism with a mesh coupling so that the position is fixed after swivel indexing. Is done. When performing the revolving index again, the revolving operation is performed after the clamp mechanism is unclamped.

  Conventionally, the confirmation of unclamping in the clamping mechanism is performed using a dedicated sensor, or it is determined that the unclamping operation is completed after a timer time elapses from each command.

  When a sensor dedicated to unclamp confirmation is provided, adjustment is difficult, and it is necessary to provide a separate sensor, which increases costs. In addition, if it is determined that the unclamping operation has been completed after the timer time has elapsed, an excessive amount of wasted time will be generated in order to confirm that the unclamping operation has been performed reliably. Wasted time.

An object of the present invention is to provide an unclamping confirmation device in a clamping mechanism that can detect at an early stage that the unclamped state has been reached and can shorten the turning indexing time.
Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to confirm the transition to unclamping and to make the start of the turning index as early as possible.
Still another object of the present invention is to prevent a wasteful operation from occurring in the turning indexing operation.

The configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to the embodiment. The unclamping confirmation device in the clamping mechanism of the present invention comprises a pivoting member (3A) provided so as to be pivotable with respect to the fixing member (3B) and the fixing member (3B) along an axis along the pivoting center axis (O). The swivel member (3A) is clamped to the fixing member (3B) by engaging the tooth bodies (6, 7) of both members (3A, 3B) relatively close to the direction (Z), and the fixing Each of the tooth bodies (6, 7) of the member (3B) and the turning member (3A) has a clamping mechanism in which meshing surfaces facing in the circumferential direction are inclined surfaces inclined with respect to the axial direction (Z). In
Position detecting means for detecting the position of the turning direction of the pivot member (3A) and (10), said fixing member (3B) and the pivot member to the axial position or we axial position of the unclamped state of the clamp state (3A ) and when to between away in relatively the axial direction (Z) of the pivot member (the turning operation control means for providing a driving force for turning driven 3A) (24), pivoting member (3A at which to pivot driven ), And an unclamp confirmation means (26) for determining that the tooth body (7) of the turning member (3A) is in an unclamped state from the tooth body (6) of the fixing member (3B).

  According to this configuration, when the clamp mechanism is changed from the clamped state to the unclamped state, the fixing member (3B) and the turning member (3A) are relatively separated from each other. At this time, the turning motion control means (24) applies a driving force for the turning motion to the turning member (3A). Thus, by separating the fixing member (3B) and the turning member (3A) while applying the driving force for the turning operation, the tooth bodies (6, 7) of both members (3A, 3B) are separated. The turning member (3A) turns due to the progress of the clamping operation or the separation of the two tooth bodies (6, 7). The unclamp confirmation means (26) obtains the turning position of the turning member (3A) from the position detection means (10) and compares it with a predetermined value to determine that the unclamped state has been reached. In this way, since the meshing of the tooth bodies (6, 7) to be clamped is actually detected at the turning position of the turning member (3A), direct detection can be performed and there is no need for wasted time for safety. Can confirm unclamping at an early stage. Therefore, the turning indexing time can be shortened. Further, the position detection means (10) for detecting the turning position of the turning member (3A) can also be used as the position detecting means (10) for turning indexing of the turning member (3A). It is not necessary to provide dedicated sensors, and an unclamp confirmation device that is simple and inexpensive can be obtained.

The present invention smell Te, before Symbol position detecting means (10), a position between the clamped state and an unclamped state may be detected.
When the meshing surface facing the circumferential direction of the tooth bodies (6, 7) to be clamped is an inclined surface, the turning of the turning member (3A) proceeds as the unclamping operation proceeds. Therefore, the position detection means (10) can detect an intermediate position between the clamped state and the unclamped state. For example, it is possible to detect a position just before completion of the unclamping operation. In general, after the unclamping completion detection signal is generated, there is a slight delay due to signal transmission / reception or confirmation operation before the turning member (3A) actually starts the turning indexing operation. Time arises. Therefore, before the unclamping is completed, by outputting the unclamping completion determination signal by the unclamp confirmation means (26), the control considering the delay time can be performed, and the turning index of the turning member (3A) can be performed. It is possible to further reduce the operation time.

In the present invention, the turning operation control means (24) determines the turning direction to turn when the fixed member (3B) and the turning member (3A) are relatively separated from each other, following the unclamping. It is good also as a direction to perform.
If the turning direction that is driven to turn during the unclamping operation is the turning index direction of the turning member (3A), it is not necessary to turn in the opposite direction, and no useless operation occurs.

In the unclamping confirmation device in the clamping mechanism of the present invention, both members have a turning member provided so as to be turnable with respect to a fixing member and the fixing member relatively close to each other in the axial direction along the turning center axis. The swivel member is clamped to the fixed member by engaging the tooth bodies, and the respective tooth bodies of the fixed member and the swivel member are inclined surfaces whose meshing surfaces facing in the circumferential direction are inclined with respect to the axial direction. a and have been clamping mechanism, a position detecting means for detecting the position of the turning direction of the pivot member, and said fixing member and the pivot member in the axial direction position of the axial position or al the unclamped state of the clamp state when to be between the relatively the axial direction away, when the a fixed member and the pivot member is relatively spaced to an unclamped state of the clamp state, thereby turning drive is the pivot member A turning operation control means for applying power, and an unclamp confirmation means for determining that the tooth body of the turning member is unclamped from the tooth body of the fixed member based on the turning direction position of the turning member when the turning drive is performed. , it can be early detection of became unclamped state, Ru Hakare to shorten the turning indexing time.
The pre-Symbol position detecting means, if the position between the clamped state and an unclamped state was assumed detectable, that it could be confirmed that the process proceeds to unclamp hasten the onset of possible turning indexing Is possible.
When the turning direction that the turning operation control means turns when the fixing member and the turning member are relatively separated from each other is the direction in which the turning index is performed following the unclamping, the turning indexing operation is performed. No wasteful operation occurs, and the turning time can be further shortened.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This embodiment is an example applied to a turret lathe. A swinging shaft 2 is supported on a support 1 such as a turret carriage through a bearing (not shown), and a swinging member 3A which is a swinging portion in the turret tool post 3 is fixed to the tip of the swinging shaft 2. Yes. Various tools (not shown) are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the turning member 3A. A fixing member 3 </ b> B that is a turret fixing portion of the turret tool rest 2 is fixed to the tip of the cylindrical portion 1 a of the support base 1.

  The fixing member 3B can be slightly moved back and forth in the axial direction Z along the turning center axis O with respect to the support base 1, and a meshing coupling 5 such as a Carbic coupling that meshes with each other by this advancement and retraction is the fixing member 3B. And the swivel member 3A.

The meshing coupling 5 includes a plurality of tooth bodies 6 provided in the circumferential direction on the fixing member 3B, and a plurality of tooth bodies 7 provided in the circumferential direction on the turning member 3A and meshing with the tooth bodies. It becomes. These tooth bodies 6 and 7 are shown enlarged in FIG. The tooth body 6 of the fixing member 3B is provided toward the back side of the turret tool post 3, and the tooth body 7 of the turning member 3A is provided on the turning member 3A and is located on the back side of the fixing member 3B. Is provided.
These tooth bodies 6 and 7 are, as shown in the developed cross section in FIG. 2, the meshing surfaces 6a and 7a facing in the circumferential direction are inclined surfaces that are inclined with respect to the axial direction O. It has become.
Note that the tooth bodies 6 and 7 do not necessarily have a trapezoidal tooth shape. For example, the meshing surfaces 6 a and 7 a facing in the circumferential direction may be parallel to the axial direction O.

  In FIG. 1, the swivel member 3A is advanced and retracted together with the swivel shaft 2 by the clamp operation driving means 8, and by this advance / retreat operation, the meshing operation of the fixed member 3B and the swivel member 3A in the meshing coupling 5, that is, clamping and unclamping. A clamping operation is performed. The clamp operation drive means 8 is, for example, a fluid pressure cylinder, or includes a motor and a ball screw or the like and a rotation and rectilinear motion conversion mechanism. The clamp operation driving means 8 and the meshing cup 5 constitute a clamp mechanism 11.

  The turning of the turning member 3A is performed together with the turning shaft 2 by the turning drive means 9. The turning drive means 9 is composed of a servo motor, for example. Position detecting means 10 for detecting the position in the turning direction is provided for the turning member 3A. The position detecting means 10 is composed of, for example, a pulse coder or the like included in the turning drive means 9 made of a servo motor. The position detection means 10 may be a rotary encoder provided separately from the turning drive means 9.

  The processing machine control device 21 is a device that controls the entire lathe, and includes a computer-type numerical control device, a programmable controller, and the like. The processing machine control device 21 decodes and executes a command of the processing program 22 by the arithmetic control unit 23 and controls each part of the lathe. A turning operation control means 24 is provided as a part of the function of the arithmetic control unit 23 or separately from the arithmetic control unit 23. In addition to this, the processing machine control device 21 has a clamp operation control means 25 and an unclamp confirmation means 26. The turning operation control means 24, the unclamp confirmation means 26 and the like constitute an unclamp confirmation device.

  The turning operation control means 24 is means for controlling the turning drive means 9 so that the turning member 3A is positioned at the turning angle designated by the indexing command R of the machining program 22. The turning operation control means 24 has a feedback control function (not shown) that performs position feedback using the detection value of the position detection means 10.

The clamp operation control unit 25 operates the clamp operation drive unit 8 before and after the turning operation control unit 24 executes the indexing command R of the machining program 22, thereby performing the clamp operation and the unclamp operation of the clamp mechanism 11, respectively. It is a means to perform.
The operation of changing from the clamped state to the unclamped state is an operation of relatively separating the fixing member 3B and the turning member 3A, and here is an operation of moving the turning member 3A in the backward direction Za in the axial direction Z.
The operation of changing from the unclamped state to the clamped state is an operation of moving the turning member 3A in the forward direction Zb in the axial direction Z, contrary to the above.

  In the turning operation control means 24, when the fixing member 3B and the turning member 3A are relatively separated from each other in order to change from the clamped state to the unclamped state, the turning drive is applied to the turning member 3A. A function for controlling the means 9 is provided. The turning drive at the time of separation for unclamping is performed at a lower speed than the driving for the normal index turning, and is performed in a state where torque control is applied so as to operate within the limit torque. The The direction of the turning drive at this time is a direction in which the turning index is performed following the unclamping.

  The unclamp confirmation means 26 is configured so that the tooth body 7 of the turning member 3A is moved from the tooth body 6 of the fixed member 3B based on the turning direction position of the turning member 3A detected by the position detecting means 10 when the turning member 3A is driven to turn. It is means for determining that an unclamped state has been reached. For example, the detection value of the position detection means 10 is compared with a set value, and when the detection value reaches the set value, it is determined that the unclamped state is reached. The set value is not necessarily a value corresponding to the position at which the tooth bodies 6 and 7 of the fixed member 3B and the swivel member 3A are completely separated from each other. For example, the tooth body is in an intermediate position between the clamped state and the unclamped state. 6 and 7 may be values corresponding to positions immediately before they are separated from each other.

  An unclamping confirmation operation in the above configuration will be described. When the clamp mechanism 11 is changed from the clamped state to the unclamped state, the fixed member 3B and the swivel member 3A are relatively separated by retreating the swivel member 3A by driving the clamp operation drive means 8. At this time, the turning motion control means 24 gives the turning member 3A the driving force for the turning motion at a low speed and with a torque restriction as described above. In this way, by separating the turning member 3A from the fixed member 3B while applying the driving force for the turning operation, the tooth bodies 6 and 7 of both members 3A and 3B move away.

Since the meshing surfaces 6a and 7a facing the circumferential direction of the tooth bodies 6 and 7 are flat inclined surfaces as shown in FIG. 2, the turning of the turning member 3A advances as the unclamping operation proceeds. Therefore, the position detection means 10 in FIG. 1 can detect the position between the clamped state and the unclamped state.
For example, in FIG. 3, assuming that the detection value (motor rotation amount) of the position detection means 10 from the start of unclamping to the end of unclamping is P, the tooth bodies 6 and 7 are only the distance C in FIG. It can be estimated that it has moved. Therefore, the unclamping of the tooth bodies 6 and 7 can be estimated from the detection value of the position detection means 10. In this case, since the meshing surfaces 6a and 7a of the tooth bodies 6 and 7 are inclined surfaces, the distance in the unclamping direction can be obtained linearly with respect to the rotational movement amount.
In this way, since the meshing of the tooth bodies 6 and 7 to be clamped is actually detected at the turning position of the turning member 3A, direct detection can be performed, and there is no need for wasting time for safety, and early unlocking. You can check the clamp. Therefore, the turning indexing time can be shortened. Since the position detecting means 10 for detecting the turning position of the turning member 3A at this time is also used as the position detecting means 10 for turning indexing of the turning member 3A, it is not necessary to provide dedicated sensors. Is a simple and inexpensive unclamp confirmation device.

Further, during the unclamping operation, the rotation amount of the motor and the separation distance of the tooth bodies 6 and 7 are proportional as can be seen from FIG. Therefore, an intermediate position between the clamped state and the unclamped state can be detected. For example, it is possible to detect a position just before completion of the unclamping operation.
In general, after the unclamping completion detection signal is generated, a slight delay time is caused by the transmission / reception of the signal, the confirmation operation and the like until the turning member 3A actually starts the turning indexing operation. Therefore, by outputting the unclamping completion determination signal by the unclamping confirmation means 26 before the unclamping is completed, the control in anticipation of the delay time can be performed, and the time for the turning indexing operation of the turning member 3A can be reduced. This can be further shortened.

  When the turning direction for turning the turning member 3A during the unclamping operation is the turning index direction of the turning member 3A, it is not necessary to turn the turning member 3A in the opposite direction, and no useless operation occurs.

  FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the meshing coupling 5A of the clamp mechanism is a three-piece type coupling having three tooth bodies 31a to 33a. The pivot member 3A is fixed in the axial direction, and the tooth body 31a of the pivot ring member 31 fixed to the pivot member 3A and the tooth body 32a provided on the support base 1 via the fixed ring member 32 are mutually connected. They are concentrically lined in the same direction. A tooth body 33a that meshes with both the tooth bodies 31a and 32a is provided on the fixing member 3B. In this case, the fixing member 3B is axially movable on the support base 1, but is a member provided as a fixed position in the turning direction, and is advanced and retracted by the clamp operation driving means 8A.

  Even in the case of such a three-piece type coupling 5A, as in the above embodiment, when the fixing member 33 and the turning member 3A are relatively separated from each other in order to change from the clamped state to the unclamped state, the turning is performed. The tooth body 31a of the turning member 3A is unclamped from the tooth body 33a of the fixed member 33 based on the turning operation control means for applying a driving force for turning the member 3A and the turning direction position of the turning member 3A when the turning drive is performed. By providing the unclamp confirmation means for determining that the unclamped state has been reached, it is possible to detect early that the unclamped state has been reached, and shorten the turn indexing time. This embodiment is the same as the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 except for the matters described in particular.

It is a block diagram which shows the conceptual structure of the unclamp confirmation apparatus in the clamp mechanism which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the expanded view which follows the circumferential direction of the meshing coupling. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the same unclamp confirmation apparatus. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the clamp mechanism in other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Support stand 2 ... Turning axis 3 ... Turret tool post 3A ... Turning member 3B ... Fixing member 3Aa ... Ring members 5, 5A ... Engagement coupling 6, 7 ... Tooth body 8, 8A ... Clamp operation drive means 9 ... Turning drive Means 10 ... Position detection means 11 ... Clamp mechanism 21 ... Processing machine control device 24 ... Turning operation control means 25 ... Clamp operation control means 26 ... Unclamp confirmation means 31a to 33a ... Tooth body

Claims (3)

The turning member is fixed by making the turning member provided so as to turn freely with respect to the fixing member and the fixing member relatively close to each other in the axial direction along the turning center axis and engaging the tooth bodies of both members. In the clamping mechanism in which each tooth body of the fixing member and the turning member is an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the axial direction .
Position detecting means for detecting the position of the turning member in the turning direction;
When to be between the fixing member and the pivot member relative to the axial direction of the axial position or we axial position of the unclamped state of the clamp state release, pivoting to provide a driving force for turning drive is the pivot member An operation control means;
Unclamp confirmation means for determining that the tooth body of the swivel member is in an unclamped state from the tooth body of the fixed member based on the swivel position of the swivel member when the swivel drive is performed;
The unclamp confirmation apparatus in the clamp mechanism provided with. Before Symbol position detecting means, a position detectable with claims 1 unclamping check device in the clamping mechanism according between clamped state and an unclamped state.   3. The turning operation control unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a turning direction that is driven to turn when the fixing member and the turning member are relatively separated from each other is a direction in which turning indexing is performed following unclamping. Unclamp confirmation device in the clamp mechanism.

Images