JP4920762B2 - Retaining wall construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a retaining wall construction method.

  Retaining walls are constructed using concrete products (concrete blocks) having an L-shaped cross section in places where earth retaining is required in residential land development or the like. The retaining wall is not limited to a straight one, and it is often necessary to change the angle of the retaining wall by providing a corner portion. In most cases, the angle of the corner portion is around 90 degrees if it is a retaining wall along the intersection of the road. If the retaining wall is along an acute intersection, the angle of the corner portion needs to be about 70 degrees. In the case of a retaining wall along an obtuse intersection or a gentle curve, a corner portion having a gentle angle of about 120 degrees is required. Even if the retaining wall is along a crossing that intersects perpendicularly, the angle varies slightly depending on the site. Furthermore, depending on the construction status of the straight part of the retaining wall, even if it is 90 degrees in the plan, it is actually 90 degrees. There are many cases where it is necessary to construct other corners.

  Patent Document 1 describes that a mold is assembled at the time of use to form a molding mold corresponding to a desired corner angle, and an L-shaped retaining wall corner block is molded. However, in this method, in most cases, since the prefabricated L-type retaining wall block is joined after the corner block is first constructed, troubles due to surveying errors at the site are likely to occur. Furthermore, the formwork for on-site construction becomes complicated, and it takes much time to set the required angle, and it is also very troublesome to remove the formwork after construction.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-239716 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-96142

  Patent Document 2 discloses a retaining wall block in which two L-shaped block pieces are connected and integrated with a flexible band made of rubber or metal embedded in a vertical wall portion so as to be foldable. The retaining wall block can be adjusted to the bending angle of the site and can be easily connected to the straight portion, but a method that is easier to construct is required.

  One embodiment of the present invention includes a first wall body and a second wall body made of concrete arranged so as to stand adjacent to each other on the left and right sides, and adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body. A connecting member that is embedded and connects the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by the first wall body and the second wall body can be changed. The two wall bodies include a concrete product including a plurality of reinforcing bars protruding inward from the corners formed by the first wall body and the second wall body in a width direction below them. The step of installing according to the bending angle of the wall, and at least a part of the plurality of reinforcing bars protruding from the first wall body and the second wall body are crossed, and concrete is driven so as to be integrated with the plurality of reinforcing bars. A retaining wall construction method having a process.

  By driving at least a part of the plurality of reinforcing bars protruding from the first wall body and the second wall body toward the inside of the corners, and then driving the concrete so as to be integrated with the plurality of reinforcing bars. A foundation portion having sufficient strength to support the first and second wall bodies at the site can be constructed.

  The concrete products are arranged vertically on the adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body with the space between the first wall body and the second wall body therebetween, and the first wall body and the second wall In the case of having a plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars protruding toward the inside of the corner formed by the body, the step of installing further includes overlapping at least a part of the pairs of reinforcing bars among the plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars. Preferably, the step of driving concrete includes driving concrete including a plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars.

  Furthermore, in the case where a gap is provided between the first wall body and the second wall body of the concrete product, the step of driving concrete includes the gap between the first wall body and the second wall body. It is desirable to include driving concrete so that the outside and the inside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body are integrated.

  One of the different aspects of the present invention is a concrete product for constructing a corner portion of a retaining wall, wherein the first wall and the second wall are made of concrete and are arranged to stand adjacent to each other on the left and right. And the first wall body and the second wall body are embedded in adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body, and the angle formed by the first wall body and the second wall body can be changed. A connecting member for connecting the wall body, and the first wall body and the second wall body are arranged in the width direction below the first wall body and the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body. When the first wall body and the second wall body are installed in accordance with the bending angle of the corner portion of the retaining wall, at least a part of the plurality of reinforcing bars intersect. A concrete product with multiple rebars.

  On the adjacent side of the first wall body and the second wall body, with the space between the first wall body and the second wall body sandwiched between the first wall body and the second wall body When the first wall body and the second wall body are arranged so as to protrude from the inside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body, It is preferable to provide multiple pairs of reinforcing bars that overlap.

  The connecting member is preferably a wire mesh or a plurality of reinforcing bars embedded intermittently. Furthermore, it is preferable that a gap is formed between the first wall body and the second wall body. A typical one of the first wall body and the second wall body has a flat plate shape. You may have the 3rd wall body arrange | positioned adjacent to the left and right with respect to the 2nd wall body, and connected to the 2nd wall body similarly to the 1st wall body.

It is a figure which shows the outline of a retaining wall, (a) shows the state by which the retaining wall was constructed in sectional drawing, (b) shows a mode that a retaining wall with a 90-degree corner is constructed, (c) Shows a state of constructing a retaining wall with a 110 degree corner, and (d) shows a state of constructing a retaining wall with a 70 degree corner. It is the perspective view which looked at the corner block of one Embodiment of this invention from back (back surface). It is the perspective view which looked at the corner block from the front (front). It is a figure which shows the external appearance of a corner block, (a) is a top view (same as a bottom view), (b) is sectional drawing, (c) is a front view, (d) is a rear view, (e) is a right side view It is a figure (the left side view is symmetrical). It is a figure which shows a mode that a retaining wall is constructed using a corner block, (a) shows a mode that a retaining wall with a 90-degree corner is constructed, and (b) is a retaining wall with a 110-degree corner. (C) shows a state of constructing a retaining wall having a 70-degree corner. It is a figure which shows the state which installed the corner block in the corner of a retaining wall, (a) shows a mode seen from upper direction, (b) shows a mode seen from the side. It is a figure which shows a mode that the site concrete was driven in a corner block, (a) shows a mode seen from upper direction, and (b) shows a mode seen from the side. It is a figure which shows the process which manufactures a corner block, (a) shows the cross section of a formwork, (b) shows the state which assembled the formwork in the cross section, (c) shows the state by which the corner block was shape | molded. It is shown in a cross section, and (d) shows the state of demolding. It is a figure which expands and shows a mode that demolding, (a) is before the boundary part of a wall body is bent, (b) has shown after the boundary part of a wall body is bent. It is a figure which expands and shows a mode that the corner block of different embodiment is demolded, (a) shows before the boundary part of a wall body is bent, (b) shows after the boundary part of a wall body is bent. ing. Furthermore, it is a figure which shows the state which constructs a retaining wall using a different corner block, (a) shows a mode that a retaining wall with a 90-degree corner is constructed, (b) has a 110-degree corner. A state where a retaining wall is constructed is shown, and (c) shows a state where a retaining wall having a 70-degree corner is constructed. Furthermore, it is the perspective view which looked at the different corner block from the back. It is a figure which shows the external appearance of the corner block shown in FIG. 12, (a) is a top view (same as a bottom view), (b) is sectional drawing, (c) is a front view, (d) is a rear view, (e ) Is a right side view (the left side view is symmetrical). Furthermore, it is the perspective view which looked at the corner block of 3 different composition from the back, and is a figure which shows the state which set the wall body linearly. It is a figure which shows a mode that the corner block shown in FIG. 14 is manufactured with a formwork. It is a figure which shows the state which comprised the corner of 120 degree | times with the wall body of the corner block shown in FIG. 14, (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is the perspective view. It is a figure which shows the state which comprised the 90-degree corner with the wall body of the corner block shown in FIG. 14, (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is the perspective view. It is a figure which shows the state which comprised the corner of 60 degree | times with the wall body of the corner block shown in FIG. 14, (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is the perspective view. Furthermore, it is the perspective view which looked at the corner block of 3 different structure from the front, (a) is the state which comprised the corner of 120 degree | times, (b) is the figure which shows the state which comprised the corner of 70 degree | times. It is a figure which shows a mode that the corner block shown in FIG. 19 is manufactured with a formwork. It is a figure which shows the state which comprised the corner by the wall body of the corner block shown in FIG. 19, (a) shows the state which comprised the corner of 120 degree | times by three wall bodies, (b) is three walls A state in which a 90-degree corner is formed by the body is shown, and (c) shows a state in which a 70-degree corner is formed by the three wall bodies. Furthermore, it is a figure which shows the outline | summary of a different corner block in the state which the corner block opened. It is sectional drawing of the horizontal direction of the corner block shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows a mode that a corner is constructed with the corner block shown in FIG. 22, and shows the state which arranged the corner block along the corner. FIG. 25 shows a state in which the reinforcing bars protruding inside the corner block are bent and overlapped. Continuing from FIG. 25, a state in which the formwork is set inside the bent reinforcing bar is shown. Following FIG. 26, a state in which concrete is injected into the inside of the formwork is shown. It is a figure which shows the state which formed the reinforcement part inside the wall body of the corner block arrange | positioned along the corner by said construction method.

  FIG. 1 shows a general configuration of the retaining wall. As shown by a cross section in FIG. 1A, the retaining wall 1 has a wall portion 2 extending in the vertical direction and a base portion 3 extending in the horizontal direction from the bottom of the wall portion 2 combined in an L shape. The concrete blocks 5 having an L-shaped cross section are arranged and installed on site. The L-shaped block 5 is disposed on the foundation concrete 4, and the outside of the wall portion 2 of the retaining wall 1 becomes a side groove 6 and / or a road 7. Soil 8 is piled up inside the wall portion 2 of the retaining wall 1 and is used as a residential land 9 that is one step higher than the road 7. The retaining wall 1 functions as a boundary of the residential land 9 and a soil retaining. Various configurations are known in which the joint portion between the wall portion 2 and the base portion 3 is curved or ribbed.

  A general L-shaped block 5 is for constituting a straight retaining wall 1. The retaining wall 1 also includes a portion along the corner of the housing land 9 or a curved boundary. Most of the corners 1c for forming the retaining wall 1 are 90 degrees as shown in FIG. 1B, but as shown in FIG. 1C, the corners 1c have an obtuse angle of about 110 degrees or more. May be required. Further, a curved boundary may be formed by combining some obtuse corners 1c. Further, where the road intersects with an acute angle, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), an acute corner 1 c of about 70 degrees may be required to form the retaining wall 1. These corners 1c can be constructed by making an appropriate formwork on site. On the other hand, since the L-shaped block 5 constituting the straight portion of the retaining wall 1 is prefabricated in the factory, the straight portion wall 1 can be constructed in a short period of time by connecting them together. Therefore, it is desirable that the blocks constituting the corner 1c are also prefabricated. However, the angle of the corner 1c is not limited to 90 degrees. Furthermore, even if the corner angle is 90 degrees in the design, there are many cases where the actual corner angle differs from 90 degrees to several degrees due to various reasons or factors, and a block pre-fabricated at 90 degrees is used. When the retaining wall 1 is constructed, the retaining wall 1 is not smoothly connected to the block 5 constituting the straight portion. Furthermore, the number of blocks required to construct the corner portion is significantly smaller than the number of blocks required to construct the straight portion of the retaining wall 1, and the blocks corresponding to the corners of various angles are prefabricated. Is not economical.

  2 to 4 show a schematic configuration of a concrete product according to an embodiment of the present invention. This concrete product is a concrete corner block 10 that constitutes a corner portion of the retaining wall 1. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the corner block 10 as viewed from the rear (inside). FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the corner block 10 as viewed from the front (outside). FIG. 4A is a plan view of the corner block 10 as viewed from above, and the same appears when viewed from the bottom. FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the corner block 10. 4 (c) is a front view of the corner block 10, FIG. 4 (d) is a rear view, FIG. 4 (e) is a right side view, and the left side view appears symmetrically.

  The corner block 10 is made of a concrete flat plate-like first wall body 11 and second wall body 12, and the first wall body 11 and the first wall body 11 arranged adjacent to the left or right of the corner apex or ridge line 13r. The first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 are embedded on the side of the ridge line 13r of the corner 13 formed by the second wall body 12, that is, on the adjacent side, and the angle of the corner 13 formed by the wall bodies 11 and 12 can be changed. A connecting member 20 for connecting the wall body 12 is provided. The side of the ridge line 13r at the corners of the inner surfaces 11i and 12i of the walls 11 and 12 is a surface 14 that is obliquely recessed or notched. Therefore, the upper surface 16 and the bottom surface 17 of these wall bodies 11 and 12 are substantially trapezoidal on the corner ridge line 13r side.

  The connecting member 20 of the corner block 10 is intermittently formed between the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 along the upper and lower sides of the corner ridgeline 13r so as to connect the walls 11 and 12. Reinforcing bar embedded in A gap 15 is formed between the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 and extends in the vertical direction of the corner ridgeline 13r so as to pass through the mortar. The width of the gap 15 is preferably about 5 to 25 mm, and more preferably about 10 to 15 mm. As will be described later, the gap 15 along the ridge line 13r is formed by breaking the boundary portion of the walls 11 and 12 or breaking the boundary portion when the corner block 10 is removed. Therefore, the adjacent surfaces 18 of the walls 11 and 12 that are both sides of the gap 15 are not formed surfaces, but are provided with appropriate irregularities due to cracking of the concrete.

  The flat plate-like first wall body 11 and second wall body 12 have inner surfaces 11i and 12i aligned in the width direction of each of the wall bodies 11 and 12, slightly above the bottom 17 below them. A plurality of reinforcing bars 25 protruding from the center are provided. Accordingly, these reinforcing bars 25 protrude toward the inside of the corner 13 when the walls 11 and 12 form the corner 13 having an appropriate angle. These reinforcing bars 25 protruding from the respective wall bodies 11 and 12 have a length that always intersects at least a few of them.

  Further, the corner block 10 is provided at the edge opposite to the ridge line 13r of the walls 11 and 12 at the center of the inner surfaces 11i and 12i of the walls 11 and 12, and the concrete block constituting the straight portion of the retaining wall 1 is provided. A metal fitting for temporarily fixing to 5, for example, an insert 19 is embedded. The metal fitting for temporarily fixing is not limited to the insert 19, and any metal block may be used as long as the concrete blocks can be temporarily fixed with bolts or connecting plates.

  That is, the corner block 10 includes two straight wall-like walls 11 and 12 having no bottom plate connected to each other by the reinforcing bars 20, and is not provided with a bottom plate that is a base portion of the L-shaped block. 12 has a structure in which a reinforcing bar 25 is extended from the lower side to the inner side. In this way, the main bars 25 extending from the right and left straight walls 11 and 12 can be crossed, so that the bottoms of the left and right wall bodies 11 and 12 are integrated with each other by driving concrete in the field of the retaining wall 1. Even if the straight wall-like wall bodies 11 and 12 are divided and connected by the connecting reinforcing bars 20, a strong corner portion is formed.

  Further, before the retaining wall 1 is constructed, that is, at the time of storage or transportation, there is no fear of falling by bending the walls 11 and 12 connected by the connecting member 20 inward even without a bottom plate. A single wall without a bottom plate is unstable, and even if there is a bottom plate, it is unstable when it is short, but this corner block 10 has walls 11 and 12 connected by connecting bars 20. , And bends inward with the corner apex 13r as the center, so that it becomes stable and independent. Further, after the construction, the two walls 11 and 12 connected by the connecting member 20 are formed into a net-like shape by overlapping the main bars coming out from the lower portions thereof, so that the two walls 11 and 12 are extremely strongly integrated by the concrete introduced therein. The

  In the corner block 10, it is preferable that the walls 11 and 12 form a corner 13 of about 90 degrees during storage and transportation after manufacture. This is because that state is considered to be the most stable and independent. On the other hand, since these walls 11 and 12 are only connected by connecting reinforcing bars 20, if it is necessary to adjust the angle of the corner 13 formed by the walls 11 and 12 at the site, the walls 11 and 12 can be made with a bar or the like. You can adjust the position, orientation, angle, etc.

  FIG. 5 shows a state where the corner portion 1 c of the retaining wall 1 is constructed by the corner block 10. FIG. 5A shows a state where the walls 11 and 12 of the corner block 10 are set on the site so as to form an angle of about 90 degrees, and FIG. 5B shows that the walls 11 and 12 of the corner block 10 are set to 110. FIG. 5C shows a state where the walls 11 and 12 of the corner block 10 are set on the site so as to form an angle of about 70 degrees. . This corner block 10 can cope with a corner having such an angle range by prefabricating one kind of corner block 10. Therefore, various retaining walls can be constructed economically in a short period of time by prefabricating the corner blocks 10 having different heights. Further, since the detailed angle can be set at the site, the angles of the walls 11 and 12 are not the design angle such as 90 degrees, 110 degrees, or 70 degrees, but the angle of the corner portion 1c of the actual retaining wall according to the site. You can set the angle.

  It is possible to provide a concrete block that can also constitute a corner of 70 degrees or less. In this corner block 10, as shown in FIG. 4 (a) and the like, a surface 14 is formed by obliquely cutting the ridge line 13 r side of the inner wall surfaces 11 i and 12 i, and the walls 11 and 12 are bent inward. The walls do not interfere with each other. Therefore, when the angle of the wall inner surface cut by the surface 14 is increased, a concrete block can be provided in which corners at which the wall bodies 11 and 12 intersect at an acute angle can also be configured. However, conversely, when the obtuse corner is formed, the space between the surfaces 14 is widened, so that the amount of concrete for filling the corner ridge line 13r at the site increases.

  In addition, from the point of the reinforcing bar 25 for the foundation, if the acute angle can be dealt with, the space between the walls 11 and 12 becomes narrow at the acute corner, so the reinforcing bar 25 for the foundation is arranged so as to fit between them. Conversely, when an obtuse corner is formed, the crossing of the reinforcing bars 25 is reduced. Accordingly, in the corner block 10 of the present example, since a case where a corner of 70 degrees or less is required is very rare, a design considering versatility in which a corner having an obtuse angle can be formed is adopted. Such a problem can be solved by dividing a product group such as a corner block for an acute angle of 90 degrees or less and a corner block for an obtuse angle of 90 degrees or more.

  On the other hand, it is possible to configure a corner of 110 degrees or more by the corner block 10. As will be shown below, the walls 11 and 12 of the corner block 10 are formed in an open state at 180 degrees, so that the angle can be opened until the walls are straight. However, if the angle is increased, it becomes difficult to be stable and independent during construction on site, so it is preferable to provide temporary reinforcement for self-supporting. Further, since the amount of crossing of the reinforcing bars 25 for the foundation is reduced, the effect of integrating the left and right walls 11 and 12 is reduced by crossing the reinforcing bars 25 for the foundation and integrating them with concrete. However, after the foundation is constructed with on-site concrete, it is only a configuration close to an L-shaped concrete block that forms a straight line, so it is possible to ensure strength as a retaining wall.

  FIGS. 6 and 7 show how the retaining wall 1 is constructed by the corner block 10. 6 (a) and 7 (a) show a state where the corner portion is viewed from above, and FIGS. 6 (b) and 7 (b) show a state where the corner portion is viewed from the lateral direction. First, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the walls 11 and 12 of the corner block 10 are installed on the foundation concrete 4 in accordance with the bending angle of the retaining wall 1. At this stage, the corner block 10 is not provided with a foundation, but is stable and independent by allowing the wall 12 to form the corner 13 with respect to the wall 11. Then, the angle of the corner 13 formed by the walls 11 and 12 is adjusted by a bar or the like so that each of them is aligned with the wall of the block 5 constituting the straight portion of the retaining wall 1. Then, the connecting plate 19a is fixed to the insert 19 with a bolt 19b, and the block 5 and the corner block 10 constituting the linear portion are temporarily fixed. The plurality of reinforcing bars 25 protruding from the lower portions of the walls 11 and 12 toward the inside of the corner 13 are in a state of crossing each other.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, first, concrete is driven so as to be integrated with a plurality of reinforcing bars 25 protruding from the lower portions of the wall bodies 11 and 12 toward the inside of the corner 13, The foundation 26 of the corner part is constructed. Thereby, the wall bodies 11 and 12 are united and the retaining wall 1 whose cross section is L-shaped is comprised.

  Furthermore, the integrated concrete 21 is driven into the outer side and the inner side of the ridge line 13 r of the corner 13 through the gap 15 between the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12. Reinforcing bars 20 that connect the wall bodies 11 and 12 are embedded in the corner ridgeline 13r, so that concrete (mortar) serving as a joint material can be driven or poured so as to be hooked on the reinforcing bars 20, The joint material to be constructed can be prevented from sliding off. In particular, since a thin gap 15 is opened between the reinforcing bars that are the connecting materials, when the ready-mixed concrete is poured in from the back of the corner 13, that is, from the inside, the ready-mixed concrete is sufficiently front side of the corner 13. It can be filled with concrete so that the joint portions of the inner and outer ridge lines 13r of the corner 13 are integrated, and the corner 13 having the same strength as the straight portion can be constructed. Since the jointing portion of the ridge line 13r of the corner 13 that is constructed with the cast-in-place concrete 21 is wide on the inside of the corner 13, a form for injecting the ready-mixed concrete into the inside of the corner 13 is assembled to prepare the ready-mixed concrete. The joint portion outside the ridge line 13r of the corner 13 can be constructed by the concrete poured and leaked to the outside of the corner 13 through the gap 15.

  Furthermore, since the outer surface 18 of the ridge line 13r of the corner 13 is a surface that is broken when the mold is removed, the adhesion with the cast-in-place concrete is high, and also in this respect, the joint concrete is peeled off. Can be prevented. That is, the surface 18 into which the concrete is injected at the site of the reinforcing bar 20 of the connecting member is formed by breaking the prefabricated concrete, so that the fracture surface has irregularities like sawtooth teeth. This further increases the adhesion of the joint material.

  It is possible to connect the walls that make up the left and right sides of the corner with a belt-like rubber plate or stainless steel plate that extends along the top and bottom of the corner, but the joint material cannot be hooked on the belt-like member. In addition, since the band-shaped member blocks the joint concrete, it cannot be integrated before and after the corner.

  In order to provide the gap 15 along the ridge line 13r of the corner 13, a wire mesh may be embedded as a connecting member instead of the reinforcing bar 20, and by filling the gap in the corner 13 via the wire mesh, Construction can be performed so that the front and back of the ridgeline 13r are integrated. Since the concrete 21 serving as a joint material penetrates or circulates between the front and back of the corner ridgeline 13r from the gap 15, the front and back concrete are integrated. Further, the joint material is caught by the multistage reinforcing bars 20 or the wire mesh arranged so as to cross the gap 15 of the ridge line 13r. For this reason, at the construction stage, when the joint material 21 is inserted, it becomes difficult to sag. Furthermore, it becomes difficult to peel off after the joint material 21 is cured.

  FIG. 8 shows a process of manufacturing the corner block 10. In the manufacturing method shown in FIG. 8, the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 are integrally formed by the mold 30 (FIG. 8C), and the wall body 11 that becomes the corner ridgeline 13 r. And a step (FIG. 8D) of demolding so that the boundary portion between 12 and 12 is broken and the reinforcing bar 20 as the connecting member appears. First, as shown in a cross section in FIG. 8A, the mold 30 used in this manufacturing method defines the outer surfaces 11o and 12o of the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12, and The outer mold frame 31 for forming the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 as a substantially flat plate and the inner sides 11i and 12i of the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 are adjacent to each other. An inverted triangular recess 14 is formed so that the side is thin, and an auxiliary mold 32 having an inverted triangular cross section is provided. Further, the outer mold frame 31 has a boundary portion between the wall bodies 11 and 12 so that the portion that becomes the ridge line 13r when the corner 13 is formed by the wall bodies 11 and 12 is recessed. A straight protrusion (protrusion) 33 protruding toward the inside is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, a plurality of reinforcing bars 20 for connection are intermittently arranged along a line that crosses the center of the outer mold 31 that is the boundary between the walls 11 and 12 in the front-rear direction. The plurality of reinforcing bars 20 for connection are stabilized by being sandwiched between the ridge 33 and the auxiliary mold frame 32. As shown in FIG. 8 (c), the structural reinforcing bars 24 and the reinforcing bars 25 for the walls 11 and 12 are further arranged, and then the concrete 39 is poured into the outer mold 31. Then, as shown in FIG. 8 (d), after removing the auxiliary formwork 32 after embedding a lifting tool 38 for demolding at an appropriate position on the inner surfaces 11i and 12i of the walls 11 and 12, the rope 37 and the like Is used to demold the corner block 10 including the walls 11 and 12 from the outer mold 31. At this time, the wall bodies 11 and 12 are bent between them, and the corner block 10 is divided or broken at a thin boundary portion 13b.

  By pulling the respective wall bodies 11 and 12 in the center direction by the rope 37 at the time of demolding, a bending force is applied to the wall bodies 11 and 12, and the dead weight of the wall bodies 11 and 12 also acts, so that the boundary portion The stress concentrates on 13b, and the boundary portion 13b of the walls 11 and 12 is spontaneously cracked to become the ridgeline 13r. That is, when the two wall bodies 11 and 12 are each lifted by a crane, a large force is applied to the center portion by the weight of the concrete. At this time, by bending naturally or applying a little force in the middle, the thin concrete at the boundary portion 13b of the walls 11 and 12 is easily broken, and the reinforcing bar 20 as a connecting member is also bent. In particular, at the time of demolding, since the concrete 39 does not maintain a predetermined strength, the boundary portion 13b is easily broken. Depending on the thickness of the boundary portion 13b, the corner block 10 may not be broken when it is simply removed. In such a case, by applying an appropriate force to fold the boundary portion 13b, the wall bodies 11 and 12 are simply bent, and the wall bodies 11 and 12 are divided to form a ridge line 13r. it can. If the wall bodies 11 and 12 can be bent and arranged, the wall bodies 11 and 12 can be stored upright with the bottom surfaces 17 of the wall bodies 11 and 12 facing down as described above, which is safe.

  The retaining wall block 5 having a normal L-shaped cross section is manufactured by a method called vertical strike. That is, a space in which the L-shape is inverted is formed by a mold, and concrete is poured into the space from the bottom plate side. When demolding, the space is pulled out from the bottom plate side. The corner block 10 can also be manufactured by this method. However, the walls cannot be folded when demolding. Therefore, by making the wall body flat and hitting it flat, if it is lifted at the time of demolding, it will bend by its own weight, or if a slight force is applied from above, it will bend, and at this time the desired part will be easily broken To be.

  The method of manufacturing by flat punching using the reinforcing bar 20 as the connecting member further has several advantages. First, since the reinforcing bars 20 of the connecting members can be arranged flat, no extra reinforcing bars are required, and the arrangement work is extremely easy. In the case of vertical striking, since the connecting reinforcing bars 20 are arranged in the vertical direction, work such as connecting the connecting reinforcing bars 20 to the structural reinforcing bars 24 or the like occurs.

  When a band-shaped member is used as the connecting member, it becomes difficult to turn concrete into the outside of the connecting member in order to form the outer surface of the corner. For example, when the gap between the band-shaped connecting member and the inner surface of the formwork is about 2 cm before the band-shaped connecting member, concrete using 25 mm gravel is difficult to enter. On the other hand, if the reinforcing bar 20 is used as a connecting member instead of the belt-like member and is disposed intermittently, the part without the reinforcing bar 20 can surely form the outer surface along the outer mold frame. Further, since the ready-mixed concrete wraps around from the periphery of the reinforcing bar 20, it can easily enter the front surface of the reinforcing bar 20, and the outer surface of the corner block 10 including the corner ridge line 13r can be finished finely.

  Even with vertical driving, the use of the reinforcing bar 20 as a connecting member solves the problem of making ready-mixed concrete easier to roll outward. However, in the case of vertical hitting, the vertical bars are required to discontinuously arrange the reinforcing bars 20 and it is easy to hinder the fluidity of ready-mixed concrete. Therefore, flat hitting is suitable.

  Also, in consideration of safety against rust or earth pressure, the corner block 10 preferably has a diameter of about 9 mm or more as the connecting reinforcing bar 20 and is arranged at a pitch of about 15 times the diameter. Then, once the strength of the concrete is secured, a considerable force is required to break the portion, no matter how thin it is. Therefore, it is preferable to bend and break before the concrete strength is very low. For that purpose, it is preferable to mold with a flat mold and bend it to about 90 degrees when demolding.

  In the manufacturing method in which the boundary portion 13b of the walls 11 and 12 is divided at the time of demolding to form the corner ridgeline 13r, the yield is lowered unless the boundary portion 13b is cracked with high accuracy. Furthermore, it is necessary to form a desired gap 15 in the portion that becomes the ridgeline 13r when it breaks. On the other hand, the fact that the surface 18 constituting the joints of the corners 13, particularly the joints outside the ridge lines 13r, is a cracked surface is useful for increasing the adhesion with concrete on the site. In order to accurately mold the outer surface of the corner portion, it is desirable to secure a space where the concrete wraps around the portion outside the corner when the block is manufactured with the mold. In this example, the two walls 11 and 12 are formed by one mold 30 and the portion 13b where the walls 11 and 12 communicate is only intermittently filled with the reinforcing bars. Concrete is also likely to flow through the boundary portion 13b that becomes 13r. Therefore, the corner block 10 having a highly accurate shape can be provided.

  As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 9A, the two wall bodies 11 and 12 are manufactured by a substantially horizontal outer mold 31, and at the same time, the corners are formed by the ridge 33 and the auxiliary mold 32. The ridge line 13r is formed thin. Furthermore, the reinforcing bar 20 as a connecting member is embedded outside the corner 13 formed by the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12, that is, at a position offset from the outer surfaces 11o and 12o. The rebar 20 is embedded at a position offset to the outside of the corner 13, for example, at a position 1/3 or less of the wall thickness from the outside. By adopting such a configuration, the ridge 33 inside the outer mold 31 for forming the boundary portion 13b becomes small. In a state where the mold is removed, a very shallow groove 18 a that is a boundary portion 13 b is formed outside the corner 13, and the inside of the corner 13 is largely cut by the recessed surface 14. Therefore, when removing the mold, as shown in FIG. 9B, the wall bodies 11 and 12 are easily detached from the outer mold frame 31 and cracked along the shallow groove 18a of the boundary portion 13b. The outer side is broken and the ridgeline 13r is formed. Since the reinforcing bar 20 is bent so that the outside of the corner 13 extends, a gap 15 around the diameter of the reinforcing bar 20 is formed between the wall bodies 11 and 12 along the ridge line 13r.

  The width of the ridge which becomes a plate which partitions the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 is about 15 mm, and if there is such a gap, the reinforcing bar 20 is easily bent at the boundary portion 13b. That is, the reinforcing bar 20 is rounded when bent, and it is difficult to bend when such a changing portion is buried with concrete, whereas when the relief portion such as the groove 18a is formed by the convex stripes 33, the mold is removed. When doing so, the reinforcing bars 20 are easily bent, the walls 11 and 12 are bent, and the boundary portion 13b is easily broken.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b), the connecting reinforcing bars 20 can be arranged at substantially the center of the wall thickness. In this case, if the thickness of the boundary portion 13b is made approximately the same, the ridges 33 of the outer mold frame 31 become high, and the adhesion area with the concrete increases, so that it may be difficult to release when demolding. . On the other hand, if the ridge 33 is lowered, the boundary portion 13b becomes thick, so that it is difficult to break, and the shape of the ridge line 13r becomes unstable because the shape may be distorted or cracked widely when cracked. In addition, there is a possibility that a gap larger than planned may be formed along with it. Therefore, it is desirable to embed the reinforcing bar 20 at a position offset to the outside of the corner 13, for example, at a position of 1/3 or less of the wall thickness from the outside. The same applies when a wire mesh is employed as the connecting member.

  Furthermore, in this corner block 10, the reinforcing bar 20 becomes the center when the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 turn relative to each other. Therefore, by setting the reinforcing bar 20 at a position offset to the outside of the corner 13, as shown in FIG. 9B, the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 have the reinforcing bar 20 embedded therein. Turn around the outside of the corner 13. On the other hand, when the reinforcing bar 20 is in the vicinity of the center of the wall thickness, as shown in FIG. 10B, the first wall 11 and the second wall 12 are more Turn around the inside. For this reason, when the angle of the corner 13 changes, the positions of the edges away from the corners of the outer surfaces 11o and 12o of the walls 11 and 12 are separated (extended) from the corner 13. Since the dimensions of the retaining wall 1 are set based on the outer surface of the retaining wall 1, by adopting a structure in which the wall body is swiveled around a position close to the outer surface, the labor for designing, manufacturing, and constructing the retaining wall is reduced. It can be omitted.

  For example, a concrete block for constructing an L-shaped retaining wall is generally standardized in units of 2 meters in length. However, in order to construct a retaining wall with a desired extension by site survey, 2 Manufacture concrete blocks to fill fractional dimensions below meters. If the length of the corner block 10 that constructs the corner portion of the retaining wall 1 seems to change depending on the angle of the corner portion, the length of the corner block is designed in consideration of the on-site survey results. However, it is troublesome because it is necessary to manufacture a custom-made product. In this embodiment, the reinforcing bar 20 is embedded at a position about 3 cm from the outer surfaces 11o and 12o of the walls 11 and 12. With this configuration, when the angles of the walls 11 and 12 are changed, the fluctuations in the positions of the edges opposite to the corners of the outer surfaces 11o and 12o are within about 4 cm or less, which is used for length adjustment. The concrete block of the custom-made straight line portion may be anything considering the extension of about 4 cm. If it is this level, even if a gap is opened, it can be handled by finishing joints at the site using mortar or the like.

  Furthermore, by setting the reinforcing bar 20 at a position offset to the outside of the corner 13, as shown in FIG. 9B, the spread of the portion 22 filled with the joint concrete 21 outside the ridge line 13r of the corner 13 can be reduced. There are benefits. When the reinforcing bar 20 is in the vicinity of the center of the wall thickness, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), the outside of the ridge line 13r of the corner 13 opens widely, so the portion 22 to be filled with joint concrete (joint mortar) 21 becomes wide. Therefore, even if the joint mortar 21 is pressed, the possibility of dripping increases. On the contrary, even if the joint concrete 21 is constructed so that the inner portion 23 of the corner ridge line 13r becomes narrower and the inner side 23 and the outer side 22 of the corner ridge line 13r are integrated through the gap 15, It becomes difficult to stably hold the outer portion 22 at the portion 23. Further, since the outer portion 22 of the corner ridgeline 13r is tapered outwardly, the joint concrete 21 is easily detached when an impact is applied to the wall. By setting the reinforcing bar 20 at a position offset to the outside of the corner 13 of the wall thickness, the possibility of these problems occurring can be suppressed.

  Since the inner portion 23 of the corner 13 is buried in the soil, it is possible to construct the joint concrete thicker than the wall, and the appearance is hardly required like the outer side of the corner 13, and the construction is easy. is there. For example, a construction method is possible in which the lower side is jointed and filled with earth and sand to stabilize the wall, and further, the upper side is jointed and solidified to be backfilled. Alternatively, a plate can be pressed against the joint portion to fill the earth and sand, and then a relatively soft mortar can be dropped from the joint 23. Since the back side of the corner 13 becomes invisible, the construction can be simpler than placing the formwork on the outer surface, and the troublesome work of fixing the formwork can be saved by filling the earth and sand. Moreover, since the joint material inside the corner 13 is pressed by the earth and sand, it does not peel off and fall off.

  Even when a band-like rubber or metal plate is used as the connecting member, the problem of joint joint coming off can be solved to some extent by setting the connecting member at a position offset outward. In particular, by causing the saw-like cross section 18 to appear outside the ridge line 13r at the corner when demolding, it is possible to prevent the trouble that the joint concrete comes off and falls to some extent. Therefore, it is preferable to bury the connecting member as much as possible on the front side of the corner 13, that is, at a position close to the outer surfaces 11o and 12o of the wall, but considering the concrete covering of the reinforcing bars 20, at least 2 cm from the surfaces 11o and 12o. It is preferable to embed in a position where a certain degree of covering can be secured.

  In FIG. 11, a mode that the retaining wall 1 is constructed using the corner block 40 of different embodiment of this invention is shown. The corner block 40 includes a first wall body 11 and a second wall body 12 made of concrete arranged adjacent to the left and right sides of the corner 13, and these walls for connecting the wall bodies 11 and 12. It is common to the above corner block 10 in that it includes a reinforcing bar 20 embedded on the adjacent sides of the bodies 11 and 12 and an appropriate gap 15 is formed along the corner ridge line 13r. Each wall body 11 and 12 is provided with the baseplates 41 and 42 used as a foundation part, and the some reinforcing bar 25 for foundations protrudes inside the baseplates 41 and 42. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the cross section of the corner block 40 is L-shaped. The bottom plates 41 and 42 are triangles whose corners 13 are apexes as viewed from above, so that the bottom plates do not interfere with each other when the walls 11 and 12 are bent.

  Since the corner block 40 is provided with the bottom plates 41 and 42 in advance, when constructing the corner of the retaining wall, the amount of concrete to be driven in the field to form the foundation can be reduced. On the other hand, since the reinforcing bars 25 for the foundation protrude from the bottom plates 41 and 42, the wall bodies 11 and 12 can be fixed by driving the foundation concrete by crossing them. Further, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), when the obtuse corner is formed, the foundation portion can be expanded using the foundation reinforcing bar 25, so that it is easy to compensate for the shortage of the area of the bottom plate.

  However, as shown in FIG. 11 (c), when forming an acute corner, the space between the bottom plates 41 and 42 is almost eliminated, so that there is no space for processing the reinforcing bars 25 for the foundation. Therefore, when constructing, there is a possibility that an operation for cutting the reinforcing bar 25 for the foundation may occur. Furthermore, when there is almost no space between the bottom plates 41 and 42, the concrete applied on site in that area becomes a long and narrow triangle and is vulnerable to bending loads. There is. Further, since the bottom plates 41 and 42 are prefabricated, it is difficult to manufacture by flat punching like the corner block 10 described above. Therefore, as an embodiment of the present invention, it is desirable not to provide a bottom plate like the corner block 10 and to extend the reinforcing bar 25 for the foundation from the lower side to the inner side of the straight wall.

  The main purpose of the above corner block is to adjust the angle at the site, but when the site survey is definitely meeting, the bottom plate is installed at the factory as a secondary product instead of at the site. It is also possible to carry the left and right blocks together into the field.

  Moreover, the shape of the wall bodies 11 and 12 of a corner block is not limited to the above. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, it is possible to reduce the width of the upper surface 16 by forming the step 51 by removing the inner surfaces 11i and 12i along the upper surface 16 of the walls 11 and 12. Such a step 51 can be formed by setting a plate material having an appropriate thickness as an auxiliary mold when the corner block 10 is flattened. And when the wall thickness of the L-shaped block which constructs the straight part of the retaining wall 1 and the wall thickness of the corner block 10 differ, it becomes possible to arrange | equalize easily the thickness of the upper surface of the retaining wall 1 which can be seen on the ground. FIG. 13A is a plan view of the corner block 10 as viewed from above, and the same appears when viewed from the bottom. FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view of the corner block 10. 13C is a front view of the corner block 10, FIG. 13D is a rear view, FIG. 13E is a right side view, and the left side view appears symmetrically.

  FIG. 14 illustrates a corner block 60 of a different embodiment of the present invention. The corner block 60 includes a first wall body 11 made of concrete, a second wall body 12 and a third wall body 61 arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right. Further, the corner block 60 includes a reinforcing bar 20 embedded on the adjacent side of each wall body in order to connect the wall bodies 11, 12 and 61. An appropriate gap 15 is formed along the ridge line 13r of the corner formed by each of the wall bodies 11, 12, and 61. Moreover, from each wall body 11, 12, and 61, the reinforcing bar 25 for constructing a foundation protrudes.

  The corner block 60 is formed by configuring the two-piece corner block 10 into three pieces, and can be manufactured by a manufacturing method almost the same as the two-piece corner block 10 as shown in FIG. it can. Further, the present invention is not limited to the three-sheet configuration, and a corner block having four or more wall bodies can be manufactured and provided. That is, when demolding, by lifting the inner surfaces 11i, 12i and 61i of the respective wall bodies, the boundary portions 13b of the respective wall bodies 11, 12 and 61 are divided, and the respective wall bodies 11, 12 and 61 are thus separated. The part which becomes the ridgeline of the corner made by can be manufactured.

  FIG. 16 to FIG. 18 show some examples in which the corner is constituted by the corner block 60. Similar to the two-piece corner block 10, corners of various angles can be constructed according to the situation at the site. Furthermore, by forming the corner of the retaining wall by the corner block 60 having three sheets, a corner with a chamfered shape can be easily constructed. Such a road delimited by the retaining wall 1 having a chamfered corner is suitable for vehicle traffic such as good visibility. By using the plurality of corner blocks 60, it is possible to construct a curved retaining wall along a curve with a large curvature radius of the road.

  FIG. 19 shows a corner block 65 of a further different embodiment of the present invention. The corner block 65 also includes a first wall body 11, a second wall body 12, and a third wall body 61 made of concrete and arranged adjacent to the left and right. Further, the corner block 65 includes a reinforcing bar 20 embedded in order to connect the wall bodies 11, 12 and 61. Moreover, from each wall body 11, 12, and 61, the reinforcing bar 25 for constructing a foundation protrudes.

  In this corner block 65, the cross-sectional shape of the second wall body 12, which is the middle of the three wall bodies 11, 12, and 61, is wider than the first wall body 11 and the third wall body 61 on both sides. Is narrowed and the thickness is increased. Further, the outer surface 12o of the second wall body 12 is curved convexly. The second wall body 12 can be used as a corner post of a retaining wall, and a retaining wall having a shape in which a corner ridge line portion is chamfered to a curved surface can be constructed.

  As shown in FIG. 20, the corner block 65 can also be manufactured by a manufacturing method almost the same as that of the two-piece corner block 10. In addition, as shown in FIG. 21, some examples of configuring a corner by the corner block 65, corners of various angles can be constructed in accordance with the situation of the site as in the case of the two-piece corner block 10. it can.

  FIG. 22 shows a corner block 70 of yet another embodiment of the present invention. The corner block 70 includes a first wall body 11 and a second wall body 12 made of concrete and arranged adjacent to the left and right. Further, the corner block 70 includes a reinforcing bar 20 embedded to connect the wall bodies 11 and 12. Reinforcing bars 25 for constructing the foundation protrude from the respective wall bodies 11 and 12. Further, the corner blocks 70 are arranged along the space 15 between the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 with the space 15 between the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 (gap) 15 therebetween. A plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars 75 projecting from the inner surfaces 11i and 12i of the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 toward the inside of the corner formed by the wall bodies 11 and 12 are provided. When the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12 are arranged so as to form a corner, the plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars 75 are located between the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12. The reinforcing bars 75 are arranged so as to be vertically aligned with each other, and each reinforcing bar 75 has a length at least partially overlapping with the reinforcing bar 75 forming a pair.

  FIG. 23 shows the configuration of the corner block 70 in cross section. In order to connect these wall bodies 11 and 12, the corner block 70 includes a reinforcing bar 20 embedded on the adjacent side of each wall body. An appropriate gap 15 is formed along the ridge line 13r of the corner formed by the respective walls 11 and 12. In addition, reinforcing bars 75 bent in an L shape are embedded in the vicinity of the slope 14 on the adjacent side of each wall with the gap 15 in between, and a part of the reinforcing bars 75 are embedded in the inner surface 11i and Protruding from 12i.

  FIGS. 24 to 28 show how the retaining wall 1 is constructed by the corner block 70. FIG. 24 shows a state where the corner portion is viewed from above, and the walls 11 and 12 of the corner block 70 are installed on the foundation concrete in accordance with the bending angle of the retaining wall 1. At this stage, the corner block 70 does not include a foundation portion, but is stable and independent by allowing the wall 12 to form the corner 13 with respect to the wall 11. Then, the angle of the corner 13 formed by the walls 11 and 12 is adjusted by a bar or the like so that each of them is aligned with the wall of the block 5 constituting the straight portion of the retaining wall 1. The plurality of reinforcing bars 25 protruding from the lower portions of the walls 11 and 12 toward the inside of the corner 13 are in a state of crossing each other. Further, a plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars 75 protruding in the vertical direction along the ridge line 13r in the vicinity of the corner 13 being bent inside the corner 13 are also in a state of crossing each other. In this state, the wall bodies 11 and 12 can be connected by the reinforcing bar 75 by binding the crossed reinforcing bars 75 or welding them. That is, the wall bodies 11 and 12 are substantially connected by the reinforcing bar 75 in addition to the reinforcing bar 20 as a connecting member (connecting member), and the strength is improved.

  When the walls 11 and 12 are large, for example, when the walls 11 and 12 are high (when the foundation is deep), and when the walls are thick, the portions connecting the walls 11 and 12 also have high strength. Required. For example, in order to obtain the strength of the corner 13 constituted by the wall bodies 11 and 12 only by the reinforcing bars 20 embedded in advance, it is necessary to increase the number of the reinforcing bars 20 or to increase the number of the reinforcing bars 20. . In the corner block of the above-described embodiment, it is possible to increase the number of reinforcing bars 20 and increase the number of the reinforcing bars 20. However, since the strength of the connecting portion of the walls 11 and 12 is increased, a large force is required to change the angle of the walls 11 and 12. Therefore, it becomes difficult to finely adjust the angle of the corner 13 formed by the walls 11 and 12. On the other hand, if the strength of the reinforcing bar 20 is lowered or the number is reduced so that the angle of the corner 13 can be easily finely adjusted, it is difficult to ensure the strength of the corner portion constituted by the corner block.

  On the other hand, in the corner block 70 of this embodiment, in addition to the reinforcing bar 20 that is a connecting member, the reinforcing bar 75 that can be connected when the corner 13 is formed, and does not need to be bent when the angle is adjusted. Is provided. The reinforcing bars 25 protruding from the lower side of the walls 11 and 12 to the inside of the corner 13 so as to constitute the foundation also have a function of increasing the connection strength of the walls 11 and 12. Since the reinforcing bars 75 are provided in the vertical direction along the ridge lines 13r of the corners of the wall bodies 11 and 12, by connecting these reinforcing bars 75, not only the base portion of the corner 13 but the entire corner 13 is provided. Strength can be improved. Therefore, it is possible to make the reinforcing bars 20 as connection members thinner or to reduce the number. For this reason, it becomes easy to finely adjust the angle of the corner 13 formed by the walls 11 and 12 at the construction site.

  In the corner block 70 of this example, five sets of reinforcing bars 75 protrude from the walls 11 and 12. These reinforcing bars 75 can obtain strength as a single reinforcing bar or a single reinforcing bar by overlapping opposing reinforcing bars or facing each other and covering them with ready-mixed concrete. For example, the Japan Society of Civil Engineers recognizes that reinforcing bars are united in strength when they are buried in concrete in an overlapping or crossed state with a length 20 times the diameter of the reinforcing bars. .

  For this reason, as shown in FIG. 25, the five pairs of reinforcing bars 75 arranged in the vertical direction along the gap 15 between the wall bodies 11 and 12 are bent and overlapped, and as shown in FIG. In addition, it is desirable to set the form frame 79 so as to extend vertically inside the five pairs of reinforcing bars 75 and to inject (punch) the concrete 21 as shown in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 28, a reinforcing portion 78 that connects the wall bodies 11 and 12 along the inner side of the ridge line 13r of the corner 13 and has a substantially triangular cross section and extends vertically is constructed by the concrete 21 on the spot. it can. The reinforcing portion 78 of the concrete 21 is not only integrated by winding up and down reinforcing bars 75, but also at the corner 13 via the gap 15 between the first wall body 11 and the second wall body 12. Is connected to the outside and the inside of the ridge line 13r. Therefore, the reinforcing portion 78 made of the concrete 21 secures the strength by integrating the reinforcing bars 75, and is in close contact with the wall bodies 11 and 12 along the ridge line 13 r of the corner by the reinforcing bars 75. For this reason, it can prevent that the reinforcement part 78 including the joint part of the ridgeline 13r slips off from the corner block 70, or peels off. The plurality of reinforcing bars 75 are not limited to the corner block having the two-sheet configuration, but can be applied to the corner block having the three-layer configuration illustrated in FIG. 14 or FIG.

  As shown in these embodiments, the corner block included in the present invention is suitable for constructing a retaining wall of the type in which the inside of the wall portion is buried in soil. A corner block for constructing a retaining wall of a type in which a part of the wall rises on the ground in addition to a portion that becomes a retaining wall, such as a fire wall, is also included in the present invention.

  That is, the concrete product disclosed above is a concrete product for constructing the corner portion of the retaining wall, and the first wall body and the second wall body made of concrete arranged adjacent to the left and right. And the first wall body and the second wall body so as to be embedded in adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by the first wall body and the second wall body can be changed. It is a concrete product which has a connection member which connects a body, and is embedded so that a crevice may be formed between the 1st wall body and the 2nd wall body. In this concrete product, instead of forming a corner with a rubber or metal strip member, the angle of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body can be changed. A gap is formed between the first wall body and the second wall body by the connecting member that connects the wall bodies. Therefore, the angle of the corner constituted by the first wall body and the second wall body can be changed in the field, and then the corner is interposed via the gap between the first wall body and the second wall body. Concrete can be driven so that the outer side and the inner side are integrated, and the corner portion can be sealed with concrete. For this reason, the angle of the corner portion of the concrete wall can be changed according to the site, and the corner can be sealed or jointed with concrete to ensure the same strength and reliability as other wall portions made of concrete. Therefore, it is desirable that the gap between the first wall body and the second wall body is a gap that allows mortar to circulate.

  In addition, the retaining wall construction method includes a first wall and a second wall made of concrete arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right sides, and embedded in adjacent sides of the first wall and the second wall. And a connecting member for connecting the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by the first and second wall bodies can be changed, wherein the first wall body and the second wall body A step of installing a concrete product having a connecting member embedded so that a gap is formed between them according to the bending angle of the retaining wall; and a gap between the first wall body and the second wall body. And a step of driving concrete so that the outside and inside of the corner formed by the first and second walls are integrated.

  A connection that is embedded on adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body and connects the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by the first and second wall bodies can be changed. A suitable connecting member embedded so that a gap is formed between the first wall body and the second wall body is a wire mesh or an adjacent side of these wall bodies. It is a reinforcing bar buried intermittently in the vertical direction. Therefore, in the other aspect described above, the first wall body and the second wall body made of concrete, which are disposed adjacent to each other on the left and right sides, and the adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body are arranged. A connecting member connecting the first wall and the second wall so that the angle formed by these walls can be changed, and the connecting member is a wire mesh or a plurality of intermittently embedded connecting members. It is a concrete product that is a reinforcing bar.

  Furthermore, in the above, a concrete product manufactured by integrally forming the first wall body and the second wall body and cracking the boundary portion between the first and second wall bodies is provided. That is, the other aspect of the above is a concrete product for constructing the corner portion of the retaining wall, the first wall body and the second wall body made of concrete arranged adjacent to the left and right, A connecting member that is embedded on adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body and connects the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by these wall bodies can be changed. And the thickness of the 1st wall body and the 2nd wall body is a concrete product in which the adjacent part becomes thin and the boundary part of the 1st and 2nd wall body is cracked, and the connection member appears. Since it is allowed that a gap is formed between the first wall body and the second wall body, it is possible to adopt a manufacturing method in which the boundary portion between the wall and the wall is broken and separated. When the mold is removed from the mold in a factory or the like, the boundary portion is cracked to facilitate storage after the mold removal. Furthermore, since the corner sides of the first and second wall bodies are divided surfaces during manufacturing, etc., the adhesion force of the concrete placed on site is high. Therefore, it is possible to improve the durability of the corner portion, in particular, the durability of the concrete placed for constructing joints at the corner portion of the corner.

  Therefore, as another aspect of the above, a retaining wall construction method is included, and the retaining wall construction method includes a first wall body made of concrete and a second wall body, which are arranged adjacent to the left and right, and A connecting member that is embedded on adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body and connects the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by these wall bodies can be changed. When the adjacent side of the first wall body and the second wall body becomes thin and demolds, the boundary part of these wall bodies is cracked, and the concrete product in which the connecting member appears, the bending angle of the retaining wall And a step of driving concrete into the outside and inside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body.

  In another aspect, the first wall body and the second wall body made of concrete are disposed adjacent to the left and right, and are embedded in the adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body. A method for manufacturing a concrete product having a first wall body and a connecting member for connecting the second wall body so that the angle formed by these wall bodies can be changed, wherein the first wall body and It is a manufacturing method which has the process of shape | molding a 2nd wall body integrally, and the process of demolding so that the boundary part of these wall bodies may crack and a connection member may appear.

  In the molding step, it is desirable to mold the first wall body and the second wall body so that the adjacent sides are thin. In the demolding step, the corner portion can be easily broken and the interference between the first and second wall bodies located on the left and right sides of the corner can be prevented.

  Further, in the molding step, an outer mold frame that defines at least outer surfaces of the first wall body and the second wall body, and that molds the first wall body and the second wall body as an integral substantially flat plate; In the step of removing the mold using the auxiliary mold formed so that the adjacent side of the first wall body and the second wall body is recessed, the inner surfaces of the first wall body and the second wall body are It is desirable to hang and remove the mold. Furthermore, it is desirable that the outer mold frame is provided with a protrusion that dents the outside of the boundary portion of these wall bodies. The outer surface refers to the surface that appears outside the corner when the first and second walls are formed, and the inner surface refers to the inside of the corner, that is, the earth pressure if it is a retaining wall. Indicates the surface to be received.

  For this reason, the other aspect of the above is a formwork, and the formwork includes a first wall body and a second wall body made of concrete, which are disposed adjacent to the left and right, and the first wall body and To manufacture a concrete product that is embedded on the adjacent side of the second wall body and has a first wall body and a connecting member that connects the second wall body so that the angle formed by these wall bodies can be changed. An outer mold that defines at least the outer surfaces of the first wall body and the second wall body, and forms the first wall body and the second wall body as an integral substantially flat plate. , And an auxiliary mold that is formed so that the adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body are recessed. The outer mold is preferably provided with a protrusion that dents the outside of the boundary portion of these wall bodies.

  Concrete product having a connecting member for connecting the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by the first wall body and the second wall body made of concrete arranged adjacent to the left and right can be changed The first and second wall bodies pivot with respect to each other about the connecting member. It is desirable that the center of the turn is close to the outside of the corner formed by the first and second walls. These first and second walls form the corners of the retaining wall, and the dimensions of the retaining wall are defined with respect to the surface appearing outside the retaining wall in most cases. By bringing the connecting member closer to the outside of the corner, the variation in the size of the opening outside the corner due to the angle formed by the first and second wall bodies is reduced, and the relationship between the angle formed by the first and second wall bodies is reduced. However, the length in the width direction of the outer surfaces of the first and second wall bodies is constant. For this reason, since the length in the width direction of the outer surface of the first and second wall bodies almost matches the length of the corner portion of the retaining wall constructed by this concrete product regardless of the angle, Is even easier.

  Therefore, the concrete product according to another aspect of the present invention includes a first wall body and a second wall body made of concrete arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right sides, and adjacent to the first wall body and the second wall body. A connecting member that connects the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by these wall bodies can be changed, the connection member of the first wall body and the second wall body And a connecting member embedded in a position offset to the outside of the corner formed. In this concrete product, since the connecting member that is the center of rotation of the first and second wall bodies approaches the outside of the corner, the change in the length of the wall body in the width direction due to the corner angle is small. Furthermore, since the joint width outside the corner constituted by the first and second wall bodies is reduced, it is possible to prevent the local concrete such as mortar from peeling off. That is, the concrete cast outside the corners formed by these walls constitutes the outside of the retaining wall, and the peeling off of this causes the appearance of the retaining wall to deteriorate and the strength of the retaining wall to decrease. It is not preferable because it makes you imagine. By embedding in the position offset to the outside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body, the amount of concrete adhering to the outside from the connecting member can be reduced. For this reason, it is possible to prevent peeling of concrete cast outside the corner.

  Further, the first and second wall bodies of the concrete product may be L-shaped in cross section including the base portion protruding in the horizontal direction from the bottom called footing, but are positioned on the left and right. Since the 1st wall body and the 2nd wall body are the states connected by the connection member, even if there is no foundation part projected in the horizontal direction, it becomes independent independently. Therefore, the base portion protruding in the horizontal direction may be very small.

  Furthermore, it is desirable that there is no foundation portion protruding in the horizontal direction, and the first wall body and the second wall body are flat. In particular, a concrete product in which the first wall body and the second wall body have a flat plate shape is formed when the first wall body and the second wall body are molded into a substantially flat plate shape with a mold and removed. It is suitable for manufacturing by a manufacturing method for dividing (dividing) the boundary portion of these wall bodies.

  Moreover, the flat plate-like first wall body and the second wall body are provided with a plurality of reinforcing bars arranged in the width direction below and projecting toward the inside of the corner formed by these wall bodies. It is desirable. By driving at least a part of the plurality of reinforcing bars protruding from the first wall body and the second wall body toward the inside of the corners, and then driving the concrete so as to be integrated with the plurality of reinforcing bars. The foundation part for supporting the first and second wall bodies can be constructed on site. It is possible to protrude multiple reinforcing bars inside the foundation part protruding in the horizontal direction, but if the corner becomes an acute angle, there is a possibility that the space for processing multiple reinforcing bars cannot be secured between the foundation parts. is there. On the other hand, if the reinforcing bars are shortened in order to cope with such a situation, when the corners formed by these walls are obtuse, the reinforcing bars cannot be crossed, and a foundation portion with sufficient strength cannot be constructed. there is a possibility. On the other hand, with the flat first and second wall bodies, it is possible to secure a space for processing the reinforcing bars even if the corners have acute angles, and at least partly intersect even when the corners are obtuse. Can be placed.

  In another aspect of the present invention, a retaining wall construction method is included. The retaining wall construction method includes a first wall body and a second wall body made of concrete, which are arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right sides, and a first wall body. A connecting member that is embedded on adjacent sides of the wall body and the second wall body and connects the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by these wall bodies can be changed. The first wall body and the second wall body are provided with a concrete product including a plurality of reinforcing bars that are arranged in the width direction below the first wall body and project toward the inside of the corners formed by the wall bodies. Installing in accordance with the bending angle, and crossing at least a part of the plurality of reinforcing bars protruding from the first wall body and the second wall body, and driving the concrete so as to be integrated with the plurality of reinforcing bars And have.

  The concrete product is not limited to one in which two wall bodies are connected by a connecting member, and may be one in which three or more wall bodies are connected. That is, a concrete product having a third wall disposed adjacent to the left and right with respect to the second wall and connected to the second wall similar to the first wall is preferable. These walls need not be in the same form, for example, the second wall in the middle of a concrete product with three walls is relative to the first and third walls on both sides. The width can be narrow and thick. The second wall body can be used as a corner post of the retaining wall and can be constructed with the corner of the retaining wall being chamfered. Furthermore, it can construct in the state which chamfered the corner of the retaining wall to the curved surface by making the outer side surface of the second wall body convexly curved.

  In addition, the concrete product has the first wall body and the second wall sandwiched between the first wall body and the second wall body on the adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body. It arrange | positions so that it may line along between bodies and protrudes toward the inner side of the corner which a 1st wall body and a 2nd wall body comprise, and a 1st wall body and a 2nd wall body form a corner It is desirable to provide a plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars that overlap at least partially. When the first wall body and the second wall body of the concrete product are in a standing state, the plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars are arranged in a line up and down across the first wall body and the second wall body. It will be in a state of protruding inside. When the first and second wall bodies are large, it may be required to increase the strength of the connecting members that connect the wall bodies in order to obtain the strength of the corner portions. For example, if the connecting member is a reinforcing bar, the reinforcing bar becomes thick and the number may increase. However, when the reinforcing bars become thicker or increase in number, it becomes difficult to adjust the angle between the first wall body and the second wall body. When a plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars are arranged vertically between the first wall body and the second wall body and the plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars overlap when forming a corner, a plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars Thus, the strength of the corner portion can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the diameter and / or the number of reinforcing bars that serve as connection members, and it is possible to provide a concrete product that can easily adjust the angle formed by the first wall body and the second wall body.

  These multiple pairs of reinforcing bars may be connected by welding. Even if these pairs of reinforcing bars are not welded, the strength is evaluated as continuous reinforcing bars by integrating them into concrete in a state where they overlap each other by a certain length (for example, 20 times the diameter). Therefore, in the retaining wall construction method described above, in the step of installing the concrete product in accordance with the bending angle of the retaining wall, further, at least a part of the pair of reinforcing bars is overlapped and the concrete is driven. In the process, it is desirable to drive in concrete including multiple pairs of reinforcing bars.

  That is, the concrete product described above is a concrete product for constructing the corner portion of the retaining wall, and the first wall body and the second wall body made of concrete are arranged adjacent to the left and right. The first wall body and the second wall body are embedded on adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body, and the angle formed by the first wall body and the second wall body can be changed. A connection member connecting the second wall body, the connection member embedded so that a gap is formed between the first wall body and the second wall body. The gap between the first wall body and the second wall body is preferably a gap to the extent that mortar flows.

  Moreover, it is a concrete product for constructing the corner part of a retaining wall, Comprising: The 1st wall body and 2nd wall body made from concrete arrange | positioned adjacent to right and left, The said 1st wall body and the said The first wall body and the second wall body are connected so that the angle formed by the first wall body and the second wall body can be changed by being embedded in an adjacent side of the second wall body. The connecting member is preferably a concrete product which is a wire mesh or a plurality of reinforcing bars embedded intermittently. Moreover, it is a concrete product for constructing the corner part of a retaining wall, Comprising: The 1st wall body and 2nd wall body made from concrete arrange | positioned adjacent to right and left, The said 1st wall body and the said The first wall body and the second wall body are connected so that the angle formed by the first wall body and the second wall body can be changed by being embedded in an adjacent side of the second wall body. A connecting member, and the first wall and the second wall are thinned on the adjacent side, and a boundary portion between the first wall and the second wall is cracked, and the connecting member A concrete product is preferred. It is preferable to have the said boundary part cracked when removing the said 1st wall body and the said 2nd wall body.

  The connecting member is preferably embedded at a position offset to the outside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body. That is, a concrete product for constructing a corner portion of a retaining wall, the first wall body and the second wall body made of concrete arranged adjacent to the left and right, the first wall body and the first wall body The first wall body and the second wall body are connected so that the angle formed by the first wall body and the second wall body can be changed by being embedded in an adjacent side of the second wall body. A concrete product having a connection member, which is a connection member embedded in a position offset to the outside of a corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body, is preferable. The connecting member is preferably a wire mesh or a plurality of reinforcing bars embedded intermittently. The first wall body and the second wall body are sandwiched between the first wall body and the second wall body on the adjacent side of the first wall body and the second wall body. Arranged along two wall bodies, projecting toward the inside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body, and the first wall body and the second wall body having a corner. When arranged to form, it is preferable to have a plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars at least partially overlapping.

  It is preferable that the first wall body and the second wall body have a flat plate shape. The first wall body and the second wall body are arranged in the width direction below the plurality of the first wall body and the second wall body and project toward the inside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body. It is preferable to have a reinforcing bar. Furthermore, it is preferable to have the 3rd wall body arrange | positioned adjacent to the left-right side with respect to the said 2nd wall body, and connected to the said 2nd wall body similarly to the said 1st wall body. An example of the second wall body is narrower and thicker than the first wall body and the third wall body. The second wall body has an outer surface curved convexly.

  A first wall and a second wall made of concrete, which are arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right sides; and the first wall embedded in the adjacent side of the first wall and the second wall. And a connecting member that connects the first wall body and the second wall body so that an angle formed by the body and the second wall body can be changed. A step of integrally molding the first wall body and the second wall body, and a step of demolding so that a boundary portion between the first wall body and the second wall body is broken and the connection member appears. It is preferable to have. In the forming step, it is preferable to form the first wall body and the second wall body so that the adjacent sides become thin. In the forming step, at least an outer surface of the first wall body and the second wall body is defined, and the first wall body and the second wall body are formed as an integral substantially flat plate. In the step of demolding using a mold and an auxiliary mold that is formed so that the adjacent sides of the first wall and the second wall are recessed, the first wall and the second wall It is also effective to remove the mold by hanging the inner surface of the second wall. It is preferable that the outer mold is provided with a protrusion that dents the outside of the boundary portion between the first wall body and the second wall body.

  A first wall and a second wall made of concrete, which are arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right sides; and the first wall embedded in the adjacent side of the first wall and the second wall. In a formwork for producing a concrete product having a connecting member that connects the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by the body and the second wall body can be changed, An outer mold frame defining at least outer surfaces of the first wall body and the second wall body, and forming the first wall body and the second wall body as an integral substantially flat plate; It is preferable to have an auxiliary formwork that is molded so that the adjacent side of the second wall and the second wall are recessed. It is preferable that the outer mold is provided with a protrusion that dents the outside of the boundary portion between the first wall body and the second wall body.

  A first wall and a second wall made of concrete, which are arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right sides; and the first wall embedded in the adjacent side of the first wall and the second wall. A connecting member for connecting the first wall body and the second wall body so that an angle formed between the body and the second wall body can be changed, and the first wall body and the second wall body A step of installing a concrete product having a connecting member embedded so as to form a gap between the bodies according to a bending angle of the retaining wall; and the first wall body and the second wall body. A method for constructing a retaining wall is effective, which includes a step of placing concrete so that the outer side and the inner side of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body are integrated with each other through the gap therebetween. . A first wall and a second wall made of concrete, which are arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right sides; and the first wall embedded in the adjacent side of the first wall and the second wall. A connecting member that connects the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by the body and the second wall body can be changed, and the first wall body and the second wall body The wall is thinned on the adjacent side, and when the mold is removed, the boundary part of the first wall and the second wall is cracked, and the concrete product in which the connecting member appears is bent wall angle. A method for constructing a retaining wall is also effective, which includes the step of installing in accordance with the above and the step of driving concrete into the outside and inside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body. A first wall and a second wall made of concrete, which are arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right sides; and the first wall embedded in the adjacent side of the first wall and the second wall. A connecting member that connects the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by the body and the second wall body can be changed, and the first wall body and the second wall body The wall body includes a concrete product including a plurality of reinforcing bars protruding inward from a corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body, in a width direction below the wall body. A step of installing in accordance with the bending angle of the wall, and at least a part of the plurality of reinforcing bars protruding from the first wall body and the second wall body are crossed and integrated with the plurality of reinforcing bars. A retaining wall construction method having a step of placing concrete is also effective. In these construction methods, the concrete product is vertically moved between the first wall body and the second wall body on the adjacent side of the first wall body and the second wall body. And having a plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars protruding toward the inside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body, and in the step of installing, among the plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars, In the step of stacking at least a part of the reinforcing bars forming a pair and driving the concrete, it is preferable to drive the concrete including the plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Retaining wall, 5 L-shaped block 10, 40, 60, 65, 70 Corner block 11, 12, 61 Wall body 13 Corner, 13b Wall boundary part 13r Corner ridgeline, 15 Crevice, 18 Cracked surface 20 Reinforcing bar for connection, 25 Reinforcing bar for foundation

Claims (9)

A first wall and a second wall made of concrete arranged so as to stand adjacent to each other on the left and right; embedded in adjacent sides of the first wall and the second wall; A connecting member that connects the first wall body and the second wall body so that the angle formed by the first wall body and the second wall body can be changed, and the first wall body and the second wall body The second wall body is provided with a plurality of reinforcing bars that are arranged in the width direction below the second wall body and project toward the inside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body. , And the process of installing according to the bending angle of the retaining wall,
A method for constructing a retaining wall, comprising: intersecting at least a part of the plurality of reinforcing bars protruding from the first wall body and the second wall body and driving concrete so as to be integrated with the plurality of reinforcing bars. . 2. The concrete product according to claim 1, wherein the concrete product is vertically moved on the adjacent side of the first wall body and the second wall body with the space between the first wall body and the second wall body interposed therebetween. A plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars protruding toward the inside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body,
The step of installing further includes overlapping at least a part of a pair of reinforcing bars among the plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars,
The method of constructing a retaining wall, wherein the step of driving concrete includes driving concrete including the plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars. In Claim 1 or 2, further, a gap is provided between the first wall body and the second wall body of the concrete product,
The step of driving the concrete includes an outer side and an inner side of a corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body through the gap between the first wall body and the second wall body. A method of constructing a retaining wall, which includes pouring concrete into one piece. It is a concrete product for constructing the corner part of the retaining wall,
A first wall and a second wall made of concrete arranged to stand adjacent to each other on the right and left;
The first wall body and the second wall body are embedded in adjacent sides of the first wall body and the second wall body, and the angle formed by the first wall body and the second wall body can be changed. A connecting member for connecting the second wall body,
The first wall body and the second wall body are arranged in the width direction below the plurality of the first wall body and the second wall body and project toward the inside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body. When the first wall body and the second wall body are installed in accordance with a bending angle of a corner portion of the retaining wall, a plurality of reinforcing bars intersecting at least a part of the plurality of reinforcing bars are provided. Has a concrete product.   5. The first wall body according to claim 4, wherein the first wall body and the second wall body are sandwiched between the first wall body and the second wall body, with the first wall body sandwiched between the first wall body and the second wall body. And the first wall body and the second wall body, which are arranged along the second wall body and project toward the inside of the corner formed by the first wall body and the second wall body. A concrete product comprising a plurality of pairs of reinforcing bars at least partially overlapping when arranged to form a corner.   6. The concrete product according to claim 4, wherein the connection member is a wire mesh or a plurality of reinforcing bars embedded intermittently.   The concrete product according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a gap is formed between the first wall body and the second wall body.   The concrete product according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the first wall body and the second wall body are flat.   The third wall according to any one of claims 4 to 8, further arranged adjacent to the left and right with respect to the second wall body and connected to the second wall body in the same manner as the first wall body. Concrete product with a wall body.

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