JP4910799B2 - Hybrid differential gear unit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hybrid differential gear device, and more particularly to a hybrid differential gear device including a planetary gear type differential device.

  As a conventional hybrid differential gear device, for example, there is one in which two differential gear devices are arranged in parallel in the axle direction (Patent Document 1).

  The hybrid differential gear device includes a first differential gear device as a center differential including a planetary gear differential, a second differential gear device as a front differential including a bevel gear differential, and a first differential. And a differential case that houses the gear device and the second differential gear device.

  The first differential gear device includes a planetary gear as a first input member, an internal gear as a first output member meshing with the planetary gear, and a second output member meshing with the planetary gear on the same axis as the internal gear. As a sun gear. The second differential gear device includes a pinion gear shaft supported by the sun gear, a pair of pinion gears as a second input member rotatably supported by the pinion gear shaft, and a third gear meshing with the pair of pinion gears. It has a pair of side gears as an output member and a fourth output member. The differential case is formed by a case body having a first ring gear mounting flange and a cap having a second ring gear mounting flange.

  The planetary gear rotates by receiving the rotational force of the differential case, and transmits this rotational force to the sun gear and the internal gear. The internal gear rotates by receiving the rotational force of the planetary gear, and transmits this rotational force to the rear axle. The sun gear rotates by receiving the rotational force of the planetary gear, and transmits this rotational force to the pinion gear shaft.

  The pinion gear shaft rotates in response to the rotational force of the sun gear and transmits this rotational force to the pair of pinion gears. The pair of pinion gears rotate (rotate or revolve) in response to the rotational force of the pinion gear shaft (sun gear), and transmit this rotational force to the pair of side gears. The pair of side gears rotate by receiving the rotational force of the pair of pinion gears, and transmit this rotational force to the left and right front axles.

  The differential case rotates in response to torque from the engine side (ring gear) of the vehicle, and transmits this rotational force to the planetary gear of the first differential gear device.

  With the above configuration, when torque from the engine side of the vehicle is input to the differential case, the differential case rotates about the rotation axis. When the differential case rotates, this rotational force is transmitted to the planetary gear, and further transmitted from the planetary gear to the internal gear and the sun gear. As a result, the internal gear and the sun gear rotate, and this rotational force (rotational force of the sun gear) is transmitted to the pair of pinion gears via the pinion gear shaft. Therefore, the pair of pinion gears rotate or revolve, and the rotation or revolution force is transmitted to the pair of side gears.

In this case, since the rear axle is connected to the sun gear via the output gear and the left and right front axles are connected to the pair of side gears, the torque on the engine side is applied to the differential case and the first differential gear device ( It is transmitted to the rear axle via a planetary gear, an internal gear), and the front left and right via a differential case, a first differential gear device (planet gear, sun gear) and a second differential gear device (pinion gear, side gear). Transmitted to the axle.
JP2003-130178A (FIG. 1)

  However, according to Patent Document 1, since the bevel gear type differential device is used as the second differential gear device, the axial dimension of the differential case becomes large, and the bevel gear type differential device is replaced with the first differential gear device. Since the structure is such that the sun gear is housed by a sun gear (housing gear in a housing shape) and the sun gear is housed by a differential case, the radial dimension of the differential case becomes large, and there is a problem that the entire apparatus becomes large and heavy.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid differential gear device that can reduce the axial dimension and the radial dimension of the differential case, thereby reducing the overall size and weight of the apparatus.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a planetary gear differential having a first input element, a first output element, and a second output element, and distributing the driving force of the vehicle to the front wheel side and the rear wheel side. comprising: a first differential gear unit, a second input element for receiving a dispensing driving force distributed by the first differential gear unit before Symbol second output element, a third output for receiving an input from said second input element A second differential gear device comprising a planetary gear type differential device having an element and a fourth output element and distributing the distributed drive force to the front wheel side or the left and right wheels on the rear wheel side; and the first differential gear device and a differential case that houses the second differential gear unit, the first differential gear unit and the second differential gear device is disposed in parallel with each other in the axle direction, wherein the first Sadoha The device includes a plurality of planetary gears as the first input element, a sun gear as the first output element, and an internal gear as the second output element, and the second differential gear device includes the first gear A fourth output element that rotatably accommodates an internal gear as a two-input element, a sun gear as the third output element, and a plurality of planetary gears interposed between the second input element and the third output element consists career, the second differential gear device, the internal gear as the second input element is integrated with the internal gear as the pre-Symbol second output element of the first differential gear device A hybrid differential gear device is provided.

  According to the present invention, the axial dimension and the radial dimension of the differential case can be shortened, and the entire apparatus can be reduced in size and weight.

[Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a hybrid differential gear device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing a connection state of the hybrid differential gear device according to the embodiment of the present invention to the propeller shaft. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

(Overall configuration of hybrid differential gear unit)
1 and 2, a hybrid differential gear device for a vehicle indicated by reference numeral 1 includes a first planetary gear type differential device 2 as a first differential gear device and a second planetary gear as a second differential gear device. And a differential case 4 that accommodates the first planetary gear differential 2 and the second planetary gear differential 3.

(Configuration of the first planetary gear type differential device 2)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the first planetary gear type differential device 2 includes a plurality of planetary gears 5 as first input elements and a sun gear as a first output element meshing with the plurality of planetary gears 5. 6 and an internal gear 7 as a second output element meshing with the plurality of planetary gears 5 on the axis of the sun gear 6, and a second planetary gear on the rotation axis O of the differential case 4 as shown in FIG. It is arranged in parallel with the differential device 3. And it functions as a center differential and is configured to distribute the driving force on the engine (drive source) side in the four-wheel drive vehicle to the front wheel side and the rear wheel side. Helical gears are used for the gears 5 to 7 of the first planetary gear type differential device 2.

  The plurality of planetary gears 5 have hollow portions 5A that open in both axial directions, are arranged between the sun gear 6 and the internal gear 7, and are rotatably held by the differential case 4 (a carrier 50 described later). . And it is comprised so that it may receive the rotational force of the differential case 4 (carrier 50), and it may rotate (revolution or rotation).

  The sun gear 6 is formed of a cylindrical body having the same axis as the rotation axis O of the differential case 4, and is disposed inside the planetary gear 5 so as to be rotatable around the axle. And it is comprised so that the rotational force from the planetary gear 5 may be received and it may output to a rear axle (not shown) via the bevel gears 61 and 62 and the propeller shaft PS (shown in FIG. 2). The sun gear 6 is integrally provided with a gear mounting cylinder portion 6A having an axle insertion hole 19 through which the right front axle 64 of the left and right front axles 63 and 64 (shown in FIG. 2) is inserted. A step surface 20 is provided between the cylindrical portion 6 </ b> A and the sun gear 6.

  The internal gear 7 is disposed between the planetary gear 5 and the differential case 4 so as to be rotatable about the axle, and is entirely formed by a cylindrical body that opens in both directions of the rotation axis O.

(Configuration of the second planetary gear differential 3)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the second planetary gear type differential device 3 includes an internal gear 12 as a second input element, a plurality of first planetary gears 13 meshing with the internal gear 12, and the first planetary gear 13. A plurality of second planetary gears 14 meshing with the planetary gear 13, a sun gear 15 as a third output element meshing with the second planetary gear 14, and the first planetary gear 13 and the second planetary gears outside the sun gear 15. A carrier 51 as a fourth output element that rotatably accommodates the planetary gear 14. The carrier 51 is interposed between the bottom of the differential case 4 (case main body) and the first planetary gear differential 2 and rotates the differential case 4. It is arranged on the axis O. And it functions as a front differential and is configured to distribute the distributed driving force distributed by the first planetary gear differential 2 to the left and right wheels on the front wheel side in the four-wheel drive vehicle. Helical gears are used for the gears 12 to 15 of the second planetary gear differential 3.

  The internal gear 12 is integrally formed on the output-side opening end face of the internal gear 7 of the first planetary gear type differential device 2 via an annular connecting portion 16, and the whole is formed by a cylindrical body that opens in both directions of the rotation axis O. Has been. The engine-side torque is received from the internal gear 7 of the first planetary gear type differential device 2 through the carrier 50 and the planetary gear 5 and is input to the first planetary gear 13. The inner and outer diameters of the internal gear 12 are set to be larger than the inner and outer diameters of the internal gear 7. A thrust washer 17 is interposed between the open end face of the internal gear 12 and the bottom of the differential case 4 (case body).

  The first planetary gear 13 is disposed between the internal gear 12 and the second planetary gear 14 and is rotatably held in the carrier 51 (first accommodation space) via the rotation shaft 13A. The rotational force of the internal gear 12 is transmitted to the second planetary gear 14 via the first planetary gear 13.

  The second planetary gear 14 is disposed between the sun gear 15 and the first planetary gear 13 and is rotatably held in the carrier 51 (second accommodation space) via the rotation shaft 14A. The rotational force of the first planetary gear 13 is transmitted to the sun gear 15 and the carrier 51.

  The sun gear 15 is rotatably arranged on the rotation axis O of the differential case 4 and is housed in the carrier 51, and is entirely formed by a cylindrical body that opens in both directions of the rotation axis O. The left front axle 63 of the left and right front axles 63 and 64 is splined to the inner surface of the sun gear 15.

  The carrier 51 is interposed between the internal gear 12 and the sun gear 15, is rotatably arranged on the rotation axis O of the differential case 4, and is formed by an annular body having a space 51 </ b> A that can accommodate the sun gear 15 as a whole. Has been. The carrier 51 is provided with a plurality of storage portions 52 including a first storage space 52A and a second storage space 52B that are arranged in parallel at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The first accommodation space 52 </ b> A is disposed outside the carrier 51 and is open toward the internal gear 12. The first planetary gear 13 is rotatably accommodated in the first accommodating space 52A. The second accommodation space 52 </ b> B is disposed inside the carrier 51 (first accommodation space 52 </ b> A) and is open toward the sun gear 15. The second planetary gear 14 is rotatably accommodated in the second accommodation space 52B. The second accommodation space 52B and the first accommodation space 52A are in communication with each other. A cylindrical boss portion 53 that protrudes on the opposite side of the sun gear 15 is integrally provided on the periphery of the output side opening of the carrier 51. The right front axle 64 of the left and right front axles 63 and 64 is spline fitted to the inner surface of the boss portion 53.

(Configuration of differential case 4)
As shown in FIG. 1, the differential case 4 includes a case body 4A that opens to one side, a cap 4B that closes the opening side of the case body 4A, and a body 4C that is interposed between the cap 4B and the case body 4A. It has.

  The case body 4A has an axle insertion hole 24 that opens along the rotation axis O, and is entirely formed of a stepped cylindrical body. The left front axle 63 is inserted into the axle insertion hole 24. A cap fixing ring bolt 25 having an inner flange 25A that presses the cap 4B (flange) against the opening end surface of the body portion 4C is screwed to the inner peripheral surface of the case body 4A. On the outer peripheral surface of the case main body 4A, an annular ring gear mounting flange 26 is integrally provided along the circumferential direction in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis O. The ring gear mounting flange 26 has bolt mounting holes 26A opened at both end faces of the flange, and is configured to mount a ring gear (not shown) that receives engine-side torque via a drive pinion (not shown). Yes.

  The cap 4B has a cylindrical part insertion hole 27 through which the cylindrical part 6A of the sun gear 6 is inserted, and is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the opening of the case body 4A via the trunk part 4C. Bushes 28 are interposed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion insertion hole 27 and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 6A. A flange 29 having a flange end face parallel to the flange end face of the ring gear mounting flange 26 is integrally provided at the inner opening end of the cap 4B. A thrust washer 30 is interposed between the flange 29 (flange end surface) and the step surface 20.

  The body portion 4C is disposed between the ring bolt 25 and the sun gear 6, and is screwed to the inner peripheral surface of the case body 4A, and is entirely formed of an annular body. A carrier 50 having an accommodating space 50A for rotatably accommodating a plurality of planetary gears 5 is integrally provided in the trunk portion 4C. The carrier 50 is integrally provided with a wall portion 50 </ b> B that receives a thrust force generated in the sun gear 5 of the first planetary gear type differential device 2.

[Operation of hybrid differential gear unit 1]
When torque from the engine side of the vehicle is input to the differential case 4 via the drive pinion and the ring gear, the differential case 4 rotates about the rotation axis O. When the differential case 4 rotates, this rotational force is transmitted to the planetary gear 5 and further transmitted to the sun gear 6 and the internal gear 7 via the planetary gear 5. As a result, the sun gear 6 and the internal gear 7 rotate together, and this rotational force is transmitted to the carrier 51 via the internal gear 12, the first planetary gear 13 and the second planetary gear 14, and further from the second planetary gear 14. It is transmitted to the sun gear 15.

  In this case, the sun gear 6 is connected to the propeller shaft PS via the cylindrical portion 6A and the bevel gears 61 and 62, and the sun gear 15 and the carrier 51 are connected to the left front axle 63 and the right front axle 64, respectively. The torque from the engine side is transmitted to the rear axle (propeller shaft PS) via the drive pinion, the ring gear, the differential case 4 and the first planetary gear differential 2 (the planetary gear 5 and the sun gear 6), and the differential case 4 First planetary gear type differential device 2 (planetary gear 5 and internal gear 7) Second planetary gear type differential device 3 (internal gear 12, first planetary gear 13, second planetary gear 14, sun gear 15 and carrier 51 ) To the left and right front axles 63 and 64.

  Here, during non-differential such as when the vehicle travels on a straight line at a constant speed, torque (rotational force) from the engine side is transmitted to the sun gear 6 and the internal gear 7 via the planetary gear 5, and the sun gear 6 And the internal gear 7 rotates at a constant speed with respect to the axle. Of these sun gear 6 and internal gear 7, the rear axle is rotated by receiving the rotational force from the sun gear 6. Further, the first planetary gear 13 and the second planetary gear 14 receive the rotational force from the internal gear 7 and revolve on the sun gear 15 together with the carrier 51, and the first planetary gear 13, the second planetary gear 14, and the sun gear 15 are revolved. The carrier 51 rotates together with the differential case 4. For this reason, torque from the engine side is equally transmitted to the front and rear left and right axles, and the front and rear left and right wheels are rotated at an equal rotational speed.

  On the other hand, when the vehicle turns to the left, for example, or when the front right wheel falls into a muddy state during traveling, the torque from the engine side is supplied via the first planetary gear type differential device 2. Differential distribution is performed between the planetary gear differential 3 and the rear axle. Further, in the second planetary gear type differential device 3, the first planetary gear 13 and the second planetary gear 14 rotate on the sun gear 15, and this rotational force is differentially distributed between the left and right wheels of the front axles 63 and 64. The Therefore, the front left wheel and the rear axle (left and right wheels) are rotated at a speed lower than the rotational speed of the differential case 4, and the front right wheel is rotated at a speed higher than the rotational speed of the differential case 4.

  In such a hybrid differential gear device 1, a planetary gear type differential device (second planetary gear type differential device 3) is used as the second differential gear device, and the first differential gear device (first planetary gear type differential) is used. Since the device 2) and the differential case 4 are arranged in parallel on the rotation axis O, the axial dimension of the differential case 4 is shortened compared to the case where a bevel gear type differential device is used as the second differential gear device. can do. Further, since the internal gear 12 (second input element) of the second planetary gear type differential device 2 is provided integrally with the internal gear 7 (second output element) of the first planetary gear type differential device 3, the second gear The housing of the differential gear device (second planetary gear type differential device 3) can also be used by the input element (internal gear 12), and the radial dimension of the differential case 4 can be shortened.

[Effect of the embodiment]
According to the embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The first planetary gear differential 2 and the second planetary gear differential 3 are arranged in parallel on the rotation axis O, and the internal gear 12 of the second planetary gear differential 3 is the first planetary gear differential. Since it is provided integrally with the internal gear 7 of the moving device 2, the axial dimension and the radial dimension of the differential case 4 can be shortened, and the entire apparatus can be reduced in size and weight.

(2) Since the first planetary gear type differential device 2 and the second planetary gear type differential device 3 are functionally independent, when each gear is a helical gear and a differential limiting force is generated, it is balanced between the left and right wheels. A good differential limiting force can be obtained.

(3) The fact that the first planetary gear type differential device 2 and the second planetary gear type differential device 3 are functionally independent is that the number ratio of teeth is set in order to set the torque of the left and right front axles to the same torque. Therefore, the degree of freedom of the gear size can be increased, and an optimum design can be performed according to the vehicle specifications.

  Although the hybrid differential gear device of the present invention has been described based on the above-described embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, the following modifications are possible.

(1) In the present embodiment, the internal gear 12 (second input element) of the second planetary gear type differential device 3 is provided integrally with the internal gear 7 (second output element) of the first planetary gear type differential device 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the internal gear 12 may be provided integrally with the sun gear 6 (first output element). In this case, the internal gear 7 is integrally provided with a cylindrical portion (not shown) through which the right front axle 64 of the left and right front axles 63 and 64 is inserted, for example. Further, the internal gear 12 may be attached to the sun gear 6 (first output element) or the internal gear 7 (second output element). In short, the second input element only needs to be integrated with the first output element or the second output element.

(2) Although the present embodiment has described the case where the planetary gear 5 is the first input element, the sun gear 6 is the first output element, and the internal gear 7 is the second output element, the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, the first input element may be a planetary gear, the first output element may be an internal gear, and the second output element may be a sun gear. The first input element may be a sun gear, the first output element may be an internal gear or a planetary gear, the second output element may be a planetary gear or an internal gear, and the first input element may be an internal gear, a first output. The present invention can be implemented even if the element is a sun gear or planetary gear and the second output element is a planetary gear or sun gear. That is, in short, in the present invention, when the first element is an internal gear, the second element is a sun gear, and the third element is a planetary gear, one of the first element, the second element, and the third element. One element may be a first input element, and the other two elements may be a first output element and a second output element, respectively.

(3) In this embodiment, the case where the internal gear 12 is used as the second input element, the sun gear 15 is used as the third output element, and the carrier 51 is used as the fourth output element is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The internal gear 12 may be used as the second input element, the carrier 51 may be used as the third output element, and the sun gear 15 may be used as the fourth output element. The sun gear 15 may be used as the second input element, the carrier 51 or the internal gear 12 may be used as the third output element, the internal gear 12 or the carrier 51 may be used as the fourth output element, and the carrier, The third output element may be the internal gear 12 or the sun gear 15, and the fourth output element may be the sun gear 15 or the internal gear 12. That is, in short, in the present invention, when the fourth element is an internal gear, the fifth element is a sun gear, and the sixth element is a carrier, one of the fourth element, the fifth element, and the sixth element. One element may be a second input element, and the other two elements may be a third output element and a fourth output element, respectively.

(4) In the present embodiment, a case has been described where the first planetary gear differential 2 and the second planetary gear differential 3 are the hybrid differential gear device 1 having the center differential and the front differential, respectively. A hybrid differential gear device having a differential and a rear differential may be used.

(5) In the present embodiment, the case where the wall 50B that receives the thrust force generated in the sun gear 5 is provided on the carrier 50 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the internal gear 12 (inner It is good also as a structure which provides a wall part (not shown) in the gearwheel 7), and receives a thrust force by this wall part.

(6) In the present embodiment, the case where the differential case 4 is composed of the case main body 4A, the cap 4B, and the body portion 4C (three-piece member) has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the differential case is a two-piece member. Of course, a differential case composed of four or more case elements may be used.

Sectional drawing shown in order to demonstrate the hybrid differential gear apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The top view which shows schematically the connection state to the propeller shaft of the hybrid differential gear apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. AA sectional drawing of FIG. BB sectional drawing of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hybrid differential gear apparatus, 2 ... 1st planetary gear type differential apparatus, 3 ... 2nd planetary gear type differential apparatus, 4 ... Differential case, 4A ... Case main body, 4B ... Cap, 4C ... Trunk part, 5 ... Planetary gear 5A ... hollow part, 6,15 ... sun gear, 6A ... cylindrical part, 7,12 ... internal gear, 13 ... first planetary gear, 13A ... rotary shaft, 14 ... second planetary gear, 14A ... rotary shaft, 16 ... Connecting part, 17, 30 ... Thrust washer, ... 19,24 ... Axle insertion hole, 20 ... Step surface, 25 ... Ring bolt, 25A ... Inner flange, 26 ... Ring gear mounting flange, 26A ... Bolt mounting hole, 27 ... Cylindrical part insertion hole, 28 ... bush, 29 ... flange, 50, 51 ... carrier, 50A ... accommodation space, 50B ... wall part, 51A ... space part, 52 ... accommodation part, 52A ... first accommodation space, 52B ... second Storage space, 53 ... Parts, 61, 62 ... bevel gear, 63 ... left front axles, 64 ... right front axles, O ... Rotation axis, PS ... Bro peller shaft

Claims (4)

A first differential gear device comprising a planetary gear differential device having a first input element, a first output element, and a second output element, and distributing the driving force of the vehicle to the front wheel side and the rear wheel side;
A second input element for receiving a dispensing driving force distributed by the first differential gear unit before Symbol second output element, a third output element and the fourth output element receiving an input from said second input element A second differential gear device comprising a planetary gear type differential device that distributes the distributed driving force to the left and right wheels on the front wheel side or the rear wheel side;
A differential case that houses the first differential gear device and the second differential gear device;
The first differential gear device and the second differential gear device are arranged in parallel to each other in the axle direction,
The first differential gear device includes a plurality of planetary gears as the first input element, a sun gear as the first output element, and an internal gear as the second output element,
The second differential gear device includes an internal gear as the second input element, a sun gear as the third output element, and a plurality of planets interposed between the second input element and the third output element. It is comprised from the carrier as a 4th output element which accommodates a gearwheel rotatably,
The second differential gear device, hybrid difference, characterized in that the internal gear as the second input element is integrated with the internal gear as the pre-Symbol second output element of the first differential gear device Dynamic gear device. 2. The hybrid differential gear device according to claim 1 , wherein the second differential gear device includes a first planetary gear in which the plurality of planetary gears mesh with the internal gear and a second planetary gear in mesh with the sun gear. . The hybrid differential gear device according to claim 1, wherein the differential case has a wall portion that receives a thrust force generated in the sun gear of the first differential gear device. In the first differential gear device, the internal gear, the sun gear, and the plurality of planetary gears are helical gears,
The second differential gear device, the internal gear, hybrid differential gear device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the sun gear and the plurality of planetary gears consisting of helical gears.

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