JP4909761B2 - Buffer valve structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improved valve structure of a shock absorber.

  Conventionally, this kind of shock absorber valve structure is embodied in, for example, a piston portion of a shock absorber for a vehicle, and an annular leaf valve is laminated on the outlet end of a port provided in the piston portion. A valve that opens and closes a port is known.

  In particular, the shock absorber valve structure in which the inner periphery of the leaf valve is fixedly supported and the port is opened and closed by bending the outer periphery side, the damping speed in the high speed region is insufficient and vibration suppression is suppressed. In order to solve this problem, there is a possibility that the ride comfort in the vehicle is impaired, and the inner valve side of the leaf valve L is fixedly supported, and the main valve M is supported by the spring S, as shown in FIG. Therefore, a valve structure of a shock absorber in which the leaf valve L is urged toward the piston P has been proposed, and is illustrated as an extension side damping valve of the shock absorber (for example, Patent Documents). 1).

In this valve structure, as shown in the figure, when the piston speed when the piston P moves upward is in the low speed region, the outer peripheral side of the leaf valve L is supported by the main valve M stacked on the leaf valve L. Since it bends as a fulcrum, it can be expected to exhibit a higher damping force than a normal valve structure in which the inner periphery is fixedly supported, and when the piston speed reaches a high speed region and the leaf valve L bends greatly, the spring Since S is compressed, the force that urges the leaf valve L toward the piston P is also increased, and compared with a normal valve structure in which the urging force of the spring S is not superimposed, the damping is also greater when the piston speed is in the high speed region. It is expected that the power will be exerted, and the ride comfort in the vehicle can be improved.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2004-190716 (FIG. 4)

  However, in the proposed valve structure as described above, although it is a useful technique in terms of improving riding comfort in a vehicle, it may be pointed out that there are the following problems.

  Here, in order to improve the riding comfort in the vehicle, it is preferable to reduce the damping coefficient as much as possible when the piston speed is in the middle speed range so that the generated damping force does not become excessive. In the structure, since a larger urging force acts on the leaf valve L due to the compression of the spring S, the damping force becomes excessive even when the piston speed is in the middle speed region, thereby impairing the riding comfort in the vehicle. End up.

  In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to set the spring constant of the spring S small while keeping the initial load for urging the leaf valve L by the spring S as it is.

  However, if the spring S is set as described above, the damping force will be insufficient when the piston speed is in the high speed region, and vibration may not be sufficiently suppressed. is there.

  In order to satisfy the condition of reducing the spring constant while maintaining the initial load of the spring S as it is, it is necessary to set the free length of the spring S long and set the wire diameter small. The length of the whole piston part including the valve becomes longer due to the increase in the natural length, and the stroke length that is the extendable range of the shock absorber is shortened by that length. The overall length becomes long, and the mountability to the vehicle deteriorates.

  Therefore, the present invention was devised to improve the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide a shock absorber capable of satisfying both the riding comfort in a vehicle and the stroke length in the shock absorber. It is to provide a valve structure.

In order to achieve the above object, one means of the present invention includes a valve disc in which a port and a valve seat at the outlet end of the port are formed, and a valve disc laminated with an inner peripheral side as a fixed end. An annular leaf valve that contacts the seat and opens and closes the port, a valve stopper that is stacked on the leaf valve and regulates the deflection of the leaf valve, and a notch or valve seat formed on the outer periphery of the leaf valve. In a valve structure of a shock absorber equipped with an orifice , the valve stopper has a cylindrical portion that protrudes toward the leaf valve side and abuts against the back surface of the leaf valve when the leaf valve is deflected by a predetermined amount. it is characterized in that to regulate.
Similarly, another means includes a valve disc in which a port is formed, an annular leaf valve formed by laminating a plurality of plates while opening and closing the port by laminating the valve disc with the inner peripheral side as a fixed end, and a plate In the valve structure of the shock absorber having a thick ring interposed at one location between the plate and the plate, and a valve stopper that is stacked on the leaf valve and regulates the amount of bending of the leaf valve, the valve stopper is a leaf valve. A tube portion that protrudes toward the side and abuts against the back surface of the leaf valve when the leaf valve bends by a predetermined amount is provided, and the amount of bending of the leaf valve is regulated by the tube portion.
In each of the above means, one or more notches may be provided in the cylindrical portion so that the back surface of the leaf valve is partially supported when the leaf valve is bent by a predetermined amount.

According to the invention of each claim, it is possible to increase the damping coefficient in the high speed region while the piston speed is set low in the damping coefficient in the medium speed region, so that it is generated according to the piston speed. There is no excess or deficiency in the damping force, and the riding comfort in the vehicle can be improved.
That is, when the piston speed reaches the high speed region and the difference between the pressure in the other chamber and the pressure in the other chamber increases, the force for bending the outer periphery of the leaf valve increases, and the amount of bending of the leaf valve is increased. When the fixed amount is reached, the back surface of the leaf valve comes into contact with the cylindrical portion, and further bending of the leaf valve is prevented. Therefore, the amount of deflection does not change with the increase in piston speed and is constant, so the damping characteristic in this high speed region increases with increasing piston speed, and the piston speed increases in the high speed region. The generated damping force when it is at is increased.

  In addition, this valve structure does not require a spring for energizing the leaf valve, and does not increase the natural length of the spring, and the axial length of the piston part including the valve structure is increased. Therefore, there is no problem that the stroke length, which is the extendable range of the shock absorber, is shortened, and the mounting property on the vehicle is not deteriorated.

In addition, since the configuration that urges the back of the leaf valve with a spring is not adopted, there is no concern that the damping characteristics of each product will vary due to variations in the urging force of the spring. Reliability and stability are improved.
According to the invention of claim 1, when the piston speed is in the low speed region, the hydraulic oil passes through the notch or the orifice, and when the subsequent piston speed increases and reaches the medium speed region, the hydraulic oil is The outer periphery of the leaf valve is bent to pass through the gap between the leaf valve and the valve seat.
Further, according to the invention of claim 2, the amount of deflection of the initial deflection of the leaf valve can be adjusted by the thickness of the ring, and the valve opening pressure when the leaf valve opens the port is adjusted by setting the amount of deflection. Can do.
Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 3, since the portion facing the notch of the tubular portion of the leaf valve is not supported at all, the portion can be freely bent and the amount of bending increases as the piston speed thereafter increases. Will do. Therefore, by changing the length and sum of the notches provided in the cylindrical portion, it is possible to adjust the damping characteristics after the leaf valve is bent by a predetermined amount.

  The valve structure of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a part of a piston portion of a shock absorber in which a valve structure according to an embodiment is embodied. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a damping characteristic in a shock absorber in which the valve structure of the shock absorber according to the embodiment is embodied. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a part of the piston portion of the shock absorber in which the valve structure of the shock absorber according to the modification of the embodiment is embodied. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a damping characteristic in the shock absorber in which the valve structure of the shock absorber according to the modification of the embodiment is embodied. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a valve stopper in a valve structure of a shock absorber according to another modification of the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a valve stopper in a valve structure of a shock absorber according to another modification of the embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the valve structure of the shock absorber in one embodiment is embodied in both the expansion side and pressure side damping valves of the piston portion of the shock absorber. Piston 1 which is a valve disc having a port 2a on one side and a port 2b on the other side which separates the chamber 42 and communicates the one chamber 41 and the other chamber 42, and is laminated on the side surface of the one chamber of the piston 1 One side leaf valve 10a that opens and closes the one side port 2a, the other side leaf valve 10b that is stacked on the other chamber side surface of the piston 1 and opens and closes the other side port 2b, and the one side leaf valve 10a The valve stopper 11 on one side that regulates the amount of deflection of the leaf valve 10a and the other that regulates the amount of deflection of the leaf valve 10b that is laminated on the leaf valve 10b on the other side. It is constituted by a side of the valve stopper 12.

  On the other hand, a shock absorber in which the valve structure is embodied is well known and will not be described in detail, but specifically, for example, a cylinder 40 and a head member (not shown) that seals the upper end of the cylinder 40. ), A piston rod 5 slidably passing through a head member (not shown), a piston 1 inserted through the tip 5a of the piston rod 5 and fixed to the tip 5a, and a piston 1 in the cylinder 40 The one chamber 41 on the upper side in FIG. 1 and the other chamber 42 on the lower side in FIG. 1, a sealing member (not shown) that seals the lower end of the cylinder 40, and the volume of the piston rod 5 that protrudes and retracts from the cylinder 40. The cylinder 40 is provided with a reservoir or an air chamber (not shown) that compensates for the minute volume change in the cylinder, and the cylinder 40 is filled with a fluid, specifically, hydraulic oil.

  In the valve structure, when the piston 1 moves up and down in FIG. 1 with respect to the cylinder 40, the hydraulic oil exchanges between the one chamber 41 and the other chamber 42 via the ports 2a and 2b. In addition, the leaf valves 10a and 10b corresponding to the flow of the hydraulic oil are given resistance to cause a predetermined pressure loss, thereby functioning as a damping force generating element for generating a predetermined damping force in the shock absorber.

  Hereinafter, the valve structure will be described in detail. The piston 1 serving as a valve disc is formed in an annular shape and operates in reverse to the port 2a on one side that allows hydraulic oil to pass from the other chamber 42 to the one chamber 41. The other side port 2b that allows oil to pass from the one chamber 41 to the other chamber 42, the windows 3a and 3b respectively connected to the outlet ends of the ports 2a and 2b, and the outlet ends of the ports 2a and 2b Annular valve seats 1a and 1b formed on the outer peripheral sides of the windows 3a and 3b are provided.

  Furthermore, opening windows 6a and 6b are provided at the open ends of the ports 2a and 2b so as not to be blocked by the leaf valves 10a and 10b stacked on the piston 1.

  As described above, the tip 5a of the piston rod 5 of the shock absorber is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the piston 1, and the tip 5a of the piston rod 5 is protruded downward in FIG. The piston rod 5 is a shaft in the shaft member. Further, the outer diameter of the tip 5a of the piston rod 5 is set to be smaller than the outer diameter on the upper side in FIG. 1 from the tip 5a, and a step portion 5b is formed at a portion where the outer diameters of the upper side and the tip 5a are different. Further, a screw groove 5c is formed on the outer periphery of the lower end of the tip 5a in FIG.

  Further, the leaf valves 10a and 10b stacked on the top and bottom of the piston 1 in FIG. 1 are configured as a stacked leaf valve by stacking a plurality of annularly formed plates. The peripheral side is fixed to the tip 5a of the piston rod 5 and abuts against the valve seat 1a formed on the piston 1 to close the outlet end of the port 2a on one side, and the leaf valve 10b on the other side has a piston on the inner peripheral side. It is fixed to the tip 5a of the rod 5 and abuts against a valve seat 1b formed on the piston 1 to close the outlet end of the other port 2b.

  Therefore, the leaf valves 10a and 10b can open the ports 2a and 2b when the inner peripheral side is a fixed end and the outer peripheral side is bent.

  In this embodiment, the leaf valves 10a and 10b are configured as laminated leaf valves. However, the number of the annular plates depends on the damping characteristics (relationship of damping force to piston speed) realized with the valve structure. ), The number of sheets may be one or more depending on the attenuation characteristics generated in the shock absorber, and the outer diameter of each leaf may be set differently depending on the attenuation characteristics generated in the shock absorber. be able to.

  A thick ring r is interposed at one location between the plates constituting the laminated leaf valve of the leaf valve 10a on one side, and is laminated on the upper side in FIG. An initial deflection can be given to the plate group. The deflection amount of the initial deflection can be adjusted by the thickness of the ring r, and the valve opening pressure when the leaf valve 10a leaves the valve seat 1a and opens the port 2a can be adjusted by setting the deflection amount. It has become. Of course, this ring r may be applied to the leaf valve 10b on the other side.

  Further, although not shown in detail, a notch formed on the outer periphery of the leaf valves 10a and 10b seated on the valve seats 1a and 1b or a known orifice formed by being stamped on the valve seats 1a and 1b is provided.

  Subsequently, a spacer 13 and a valve stopper 11 on one side are stacked on the upper side in FIG. 1 from the leaf valve 10a on one side, and a spacer 14 and the other on the lower side in FIG. 1 from the leaf valve 10b on the other side. The valve stopper 12 on the side is laminated, and each of these members is assembled to the tip 5a of the piston rod 5 together with the piston 1, and the piston nut 15 and the piston rod 5 are screwed into the screw groove 5c provided in the tip 5a. It is clamped by the part 5 b and fixed to the piston rod 5.

  That is, in this valve structure, the configuration of the leaf valve 10a, the spacer 13 and the valve stopper 11 arranged on the upper side of the piston 1, and the leaf valve 10b and the spacer 14 arranged on the lower side of the piston 1 are provided. The configuration of the valve stopper 12 is in a line-symmetric relationship with the piston 1 as a border and upside down.

  The one-side valve stopper 11 includes an annular plate 11a stacked on the leaf valve 10a via a spacer 13, and a cylindrical portion 11b that hangs from the outer periphery of the plate 11a and protrudes toward the one-side leaf valve 10a. And is configured. Further, the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 11b is set to a diameter capable of contacting the outer edge of the leaf valve 10a in a state where the leaf valve 10a on one side is bent by a predetermined amount, and the valve stopper 11 is laminated on the leaf valve 10a. Then, the lower surface in FIG. 1 of the cylindrical part 11b is opposed to the outer periphery of the back surface of the leaf valve 10a, which is the upper surface in FIG. 1, with a predetermined gap.

  Furthermore, the valve stopper 12 on the other side includes an annular plate 12a stacked on the leaf valve 10b via the spacer 14, and a cylindrical portion 12b that rises from the outer periphery of the plate 12a and protrudes toward the leaf valve 10b on the other side. It is configured with. In addition, the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 12b is set to a diameter that can contact the outer edge of the leaf valve 10b with the other-side leaf valve 10b bent by a predetermined amount, and the valve stopper 12 is laminated on the leaf valve 10b. Then, the upper surface of the cylindrical portion 12b in FIG. 1 is opposed to the rear surface of the leaf valve 10b which is the lower surface in FIG.

  That is, when the leaf valves 10a and 10b are deflected by a predetermined amount, the rear surfaces of the leaf valves 10a and 10b are brought into contact with the cylindrical portions 11b and 12b, and further bending of the leaf valves 10a and 10b is prevented. The amount of bending of 10b is regulated. And since the part facing the cylinder parts 11b and 12b in the back of leaf valves 10a and 10b contacts cylinder parts 11b and 12b, the amount of bending is controlled. It can be adjusted by setting the length of the gap between the back surface of the cylinder 10b and the cylindrical portions 11b and 12b. In this embodiment, the amount of deflection of the leaf valves 10a and 10b when the piston speed reaches the high speed region. Is a predetermined amount.

  Next, the operation of the valve structure configured as described above will be described. First, when the piston 1 moves downward in FIG. 1 with respect to the cylinder 40, the pressure in the other chamber 42 increases, and the hydraulic oil in the other chamber 42 passes through the opening window 6a and the port 2a on the one side, Try to move into the chamber 41.

  When the piston speed, which is the expansion / contraction speed of the shock absorber, is in the low speed region, the hydraulic oil is notched by the notch provided on the outer periphery of the leaf valve 10a on the one side seated on the valve seat 1a or the valve seat 1a. When passing through the formed orifice and the subsequent piston speed increases and reaches the middle speed region, the hydraulic oil deflects the outer periphery of the leaf valve 10a on one side, and the leaf valve 10a and valve seat 1a on the one side. Pass through the gap between.

  When the piston speed is in the low / medium speed region, the deflection amount of the leaf valve 10a on one side does not reach a predetermined amount, and the back surface of the leaf valve 10a on one side does not come into contact with the cylindrical portion 11b of the valve stopper 11, The amount of bending of the leaf valve 10a on the one side is not regulated.

  Therefore, when the piston speed is in the low / medium speed region, the bending of the leaf valve 10a on one side is not limited by the valve stopper 11, and in this low / medium speed region, the leaf valve on the one side fixed at the inner peripheral end is fixed. The damping characteristic (relationship of the damping force to the piston speed) on which only 10a acts will be exhibited. Then, by setting the spring rigidity of the leaf valve 10a on one side low, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, the inclination of the damping characteristic in the middle speed region is reduced as shown in the solid line in FIG. 2, and compared with the conventional valve structure. Thus, the generated damping force can be set to be low.

  On the other hand, when the speed of the piston 1 reaches the high speed region and the difference between the pressure in the other chamber 42 and the pressure in the one chamber 41 becomes large, the outer periphery of the leaf valve 10a on one side of the hydraulic oil is moved upward in FIG. The amount of bending of the leaf valve 10a on one side reaches a predetermined amount, the back surface of the leaf valve 10a on one side comes into contact with the cylindrical portion 11b of the valve stopper 11, and the force on the one side is increased. Further bending of the leaf valve 10a is prevented.

  That is, when the piston speed reaches the high speed region, the amount of bending of the leaf valve 10a on one side is restricted by the valve stopper 11, and further bending of the leaf valve 10a is restricted.

  Therefore, when the piston speed is in the high speed region, the deflection of the leaf valve 10a is limited by the valve stopper 11, and the amount of deflection does not change with the increase in the piston speed, so that the damping in this high speed region is constant. As shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, the characteristic increases in inclination as the piston speed increases, and the generated damping force when the piston speed is in the high speed region is increased.

  On the contrary, when the piston 1 moves upward in FIG. 1 with respect to the cylinder 40, the configuration of the valve structure arranged on the lower side of the piston 1 is mutually different from the configuration arranged on the upper side of the piston 1. Since the configuration is upside down, the same operation as described above is exhibited.

  Specifically, when the piston 1 moves upward in FIG. 1 with respect to the cylinder 40, the pressure in the one chamber 41 increases, and the hydraulic oil in the one chamber 41 passes through the opening window 6b and the port 2b on the other side. Then, it tries to move into the other chamber 42. When the piston speed, which is the expansion / contraction speed of the shock absorber, is in the low speed region, the hydraulic oil is notched by the notch provided on the outer periphery of the leaf valve 10b on the other side seated on the valve seat 1b or the valve seat 1b. It passes through the formed orifice.

  When the piston speed thereafter increases and reaches the middle speed region, the hydraulic oil bends the outer periphery of the leaf valve 10b on the other side and passes through the gap between the leaf valve 10b and the valve seat 1b. The amount of deflection of the leaf valve 10b does not reach a predetermined amount, the back surface of the leaf valve 10b on the other side does not contact the cylindrical portion 12b of the valve stopper 12, and the amount of deflection of the leaf valve 10b on the other side is not regulated. In this low / medium speed region, the damping characteristic (relationship of the damping force with respect to the piston speed) in which only the other leaf valve 10b fixed at the inner peripheral end acts is exhibited. Then, by setting the spring stiffness of the leaf valve 10b on the other side low, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 2, the inclination of the damping characteristic in the medium speed region is reduced as shown in the broken line in FIG. Thus, the generated damping force can be set to be low.

  Further, when the speed of the piston 1 reaches the high speed region, the valve stopper 12 now regulates the amount of deflection of the leaf valve 10b on the other side, and the damping characteristic in the high speed region is shown by the broken line in FIG. As described above, the inclination increases as the piston speed increases, and the generated damping force when the piston speed is in the high speed region is increased.

  Therefore, in the valve structure of the shock absorber according to the present embodiment, the piston speed can be increased in the high speed region while the piston speed can be set low, while the piston speed can be set low. The damping force generated according to the piston speed is not excessive or deficient, and the riding comfort in the vehicle can be improved.

  Further, in this valve structure, a spring for energizing the leaf valves 10a and 10b is not required, and the natural length of the spring is not increased, and the axial length of the piston portion including the valve structure is reduced. Since there is no problem that the size of the shock absorber is increased, there is no problem that the stroke length, which is the extendable range of the shock absorber, is shortened, and the mountability on the vehicle is not deteriorated.

  Furthermore, since the structure for biasing the rear surfaces of the leaf valves 10a and 10b with springs is not adopted, there is no concern that the damping characteristics of each product may vary due to variations in the biasing force of the springs. The reliability and stability of the valve structure is improved.

  Furthermore, as described above, in the valve structure according to the present embodiment, the above-described effects can be obtained with a simple configuration in which the valve stoppers 11 and 12 are stacked on the leaf valves 10a and 10b stacked on the piston 1 serving as a valve disk. And can be assembled very easily.

  By the way, the piston speed at which the damping force should be increased, that is, the boundary between the medium speed and the high speed, can be set to be optimal for a vehicle equipped with a shock absorber that embodies the valve structure. Since it can be implemented by adjusting the length of the gap between the back surface of the valves 10a, 10b and the cylindrical portions 11b, 12b of the valve stoppers 11, 12, it is simple. Specifically, the adjustment of the length of the gap between the back surfaces of the leaf valves 10a and 10b and the cylindrical portions 11b and 12b of the valve stoppers 11 and 12 is performed by adjusting the thickness and number of spacers 13 and 14, or This can be done by adjusting the length of the cylindrical portions 11b, 12b.

  Subsequently, a valve structure in a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 will be described. In the valve structure in this modified example, when the inner diameters of the cylindrical portions 21b and 22b of the valve stoppers 21 and 22 are smaller than the outer diameters of the leaf valves 10a and 10b, the leaf valves 10a and 10b are bent by a predetermined amount. , 10b is in contact with the cylindrical portions 21b, 22b so that the bending amount of the leaf valves 10a, 10b is regulated. Other configurations are the same as those of the valve structure of the embodiment, and different points will be described below. The same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

  The valve stoppers 21 and 22 in this modification are also annular plates 21a and 22a stacked on the leaf valves 10a and 10b via the spacers 13 and 14, respectively, and the leaf valves 10a and 10b from the outer periphery of the plates 21a and 22a. Tube portions 21b and 22b projecting to the side, and the outer diameters of the tube portions 21b and 22b are set to be smaller than the outer diameters of the leaf valves 10a and 10b. When stacked on the valves 10a and 10b, the end surfaces of the cylindrical portions 21b and 22b are opposed to the intermediate portions on the rear surfaces of the leaf valves 10a and 10b with a predetermined gap therebetween.

  When the leaf valves 10a and 10b are bent by a predetermined amount when the piston speed reaches the high speed region, the rear surfaces of the leaf valves 10a and 10b come into contact with the cylindrical portions 21b and 22b.

  Therefore, also in the valve structure in this modification, when the piston speed, which is the expansion / contraction speed of the shock absorber, is in the low speed region, the deflection of the leaf valves 10a, 10b is not limited by the valve stoppers 21, 22, In the low and medium speed region, the damping characteristic (relationship of the damping force with respect to the piston speed) in which only the leaf valves 10a and 10b fixed at the inner peripheral end act is exhibited.

  On the other hand, when the speed of the piston 1 reaches the high speed region, the amount of bending of the leaf valves 10a and 10b is restricted by the valve stoppers 21 and 22, and the cylinder portions 21b and 10b of the leaf valves 10a and 10b are increased even when the piston speed increases. The amount of bending at the portion supported by 22b is kept constant without changing. In addition, since the outer peripheral side is not supported at all from the portion where the cylindrical portions 21b and 22b of the leaf valves 10a and 10b abut, it can be freely bent, and the amount of bending increases as the piston speed thereafter increases. become.

  Therefore, when the piston speed is in the high speed region, the deflection of the leaf valve 10a, 10b at the portion where the cylindrical portions 21b, 22b abut is limited by the valve stoppers 21, 22, and the amount of deflection with respect to the increase in piston speed is small. As shown in the solid line in FIG. 4, the damping characteristic in this high speed region becomes constant as the piston speed increases, so that when the piston speed is in the high speed region. However, the damping coefficient is smaller than the damping characteristic of the valve structure in the embodiment shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG.

  The smaller the outer diameter of the cylindrical portions 21b and 22b, the longer the distance from the portion where the cylindrical portions 21b and 22b of the leaf valves 10a and 10b abut to the outer peripheral edge, and the outer periphery of the leaf valves 10a and 10b. The amount of bending will increase. For this reason, the damping characteristic when the piston speed is in the high speed region tends to decrease the damping coefficient as shown by the broken line in FIG. 4 as the outer diameter of the cylindrical portions 21b and 22b is reduced.

  In this way, by adjusting the outer diameters of the tube portions 21b and 22b, it becomes possible to adjust the damping characteristics after the leaf valves 10a and 10b are bent by a predetermined amount.

  Further, in the valve structure in this modification, as described above, the generated damping force when the piston speed is in the high speed region can be increased without providing the springs that bias the leaf valves 10a and 10b. The same effect as the valve structure in the embodiment can be obtained. That is, even in the valve structure in this modified example, the damping force generated according to the piston speed is not caused to be excessive or insufficient, and the riding comfort in the vehicle can be improved, and the piston portion including the valve structure Since there is no problem that the axial length of the shock absorber increases in size, there is no problem that the stroke length, which is the extensible range of the shock absorber, is shortened, and the mountability to the vehicle does not deteriorate.

  Finally, a valve structure in another modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 will be described. In the valve structure according to another modification, a notch 31c is provided in the cylindrical portion 31b of the valve stopper 31 so that the back surfaces of the leaf valves 10a and 10b are partially supported when the leaf valves 10a and 10b come into contact with each other. It is.

  Other configurations are the same as those of the valve structure of the embodiment, and different points will be described below. The same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

  The valve stopper 31 in this other modified example protrudes from the outer periphery of the plate 31a toward the leaf valves 10a and 10b through the spacers 13 and 14 and the annular plate 31a stacked on the leaf valves 10a and 10b, respectively. When the valve stopper 31 is stacked on the leaf valves 10a and 10b, the end face of the cylindrical portion 31b where the notch 31c is not provided is a leaf. The cylindrical portion 31b is provided with a notch 31c provided in the cylindrical portion 31b. The valve 10a, 10b is opposed to the intermediate part on the back of the valve 10a with a predetermined gap.

  When the leaf valves 10a and 10b are deflected by a predetermined amount when the piston speed reaches the high speed region, the back surfaces of the leaf valves 10a and 10b come into contact with the end surfaces of the cylindrical portion 31b where the notches 31c are not provided. ing.

  Therefore, also in the valve structure in this modification, when the piston speed, which is the expansion / contraction speed of the shock absorber, is in the low speed region, the deflection of the leaf valves 10a and 10b is not limited by the valve stopper 31, and In the speed region, the damping characteristic (relationship of the damping force with respect to the piston speed) in which only the leaf valves 10a and 10b fixed at the inner peripheral end act is exhibited.

  On the other hand, when the speed of the piston 1 reaches the high speed region, the deflection amount of the leaf valves 10a and 10b is regulated by the valve stopper 31, and is supported by the cylindrical portion 31b of the leaf valves 10a and 10b even when the piston speed increases. The amount of bending in the portion to be maintained is kept constant without changing. In addition, since the site | part which opposes the notch 31c of the cylinder part 31b of the leaf valves 10a and 10b is not supported at all, it can bend freely and the amount of bending will increase as the piston speed increases thereafter. .

  Therefore, when the piston speed is in the high speed region, the deflection at the portion where the cylindrical portion 31b of the leaf valves 10a and 10b abuts is limited by the valve stopper 31, and the amount of deflection does not change as the piston speed increases. As shown in the solid line of FIG. 4, the damping characteristic in this high speed region increases as the piston speed increases, and the piston speed increases. However, the damping coefficient is smaller than the damping characteristic of the valve structure in the embodiment shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG.

  The smaller the circumferential length of the cylindrical portion 31b that supports the leaf valves 10a and 10b, that is, the longer the circumferential length of the notch 31c, the more the leaf valves 10a and 10b bend. The part which can be bent freely without the quantity being regulated increases. Therefore, the damping characteristic when the piston speed is in the high speed region is such that the smaller the circumferential length that supports the leaf valves 10a and 10b at the cylindrical portion 31b, the smaller the damping coefficient as shown by the broken line in FIG. It tends to be smaller. A plurality of notches 31c may be provided. When a plurality of notches 31c are provided, the attenuation coefficient tends to decrease as the sum of the circumferential lengths of all the notches 31c increases.

  Thus, by providing the notch 31c in the cylindrical part 31b, it becomes possible to adjust the damping characteristic after the leaf valves 10a and 10b are bent by a predetermined amount.

  Further, in the valve structure in this modification, as described above, the generated damping force when the piston speed is in the high speed region can be increased without providing the springs that bias the leaf valves 10a and 10b. The same effect as the valve structure in the embodiment can be obtained. That is, even in the valve structure in this modified example, the damping force generated according to the piston speed is not caused to be excessive or insufficient, and the riding comfort in the vehicle can be improved, and the piston portion including the valve structure Since there is no problem that the axial length of the shock absorber increases in size, there is no problem that the stroke length, which is the extensible range of the shock absorber, is shortened, and the mountability to the vehicle does not deteriorate.

  In addition, in the valve structure of another modified example, as shown in the figure, the notch 31c is provided in the cylindrical portion 31b. However, the leaf valves 10a and 10b may be partially supported. As shown above, it is natural that the notch 31c may be provided over the plate 31a, and a plurality of the notches 31c may be provided as described above.

  Further, in the above description, the valve structure of the present invention has been described using an example embodied in the damping valve on both sides of the pressure expansion of the piston portion of the shock absorber, but the damping valve only on the expansion side or only on the pressure side It can also be embodied in the base valve unit, and can be applied to a shock absorber valve that functions as a damping force generating element that generates a damping force. Of course. That is, when the valve structure is embodied in the base valve portion, one chamber may be one of the piston side chamber or the reservoir chamber, and the other chamber may be the other of the piston side chamber or the reservoir chamber.

 This is the end of the description of the embodiment of the valve structure of the shock absorber, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the details shown or described.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in a part of piston part of the shock absorber by which the valve structure of the shock absorber in one embodiment was embodied. It is a figure which shows the damping characteristic in the buffer which embodied the valve | bulb structure of the buffer of one Embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in a part of piston part of the shock absorber by which the valve structure of the shock absorber in the modification of one Embodiment was embodied. It is a figure which shows the damping characteristic in the buffer which embodied the valve | bulb structure of the buffer in the modification of one Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the valve stopper in the valve structure of the buffer of other modifications of an embodiment. It is a perspective view of the valve stopper in the valve structure of the buffer of another modification of one embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the piston part of the buffer which actualized the valve structure of the conventional buffer.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Piston 1a, 1b which is a valve disc Valve seat 2a One side port 2b Other side port 3a, 3b Window 5 Piston rod 5a Piston rod tip 5b Piston rod step 5c Piston rod screw groove 6a, 6b Opening window 10a Leaf valve 10b on one side Leaf valve 11, 12, 21, 22, 22, 31 on the other side Valve stopper 11a, 12a Plate 11b in valve stopper, 12b Cylindrical portion 13, 14 in valve stopper 15 Piston nut 31c Notch 40 Cylinder 41 One chamber 42 Other chamber r Ring

Claims (3)

A valve disc in which a port and a valve seat at the outlet end of the port are formed; an annular leaf valve that is laminated on the valve disc with the inner peripheral side as a fixed end and that opens and closes the port by contacting the valve seat; and a leaf In a valve structure of a shock absorber provided with a valve stopper that is stacked on the valve and regulates the amount of bending of the leaf valve, and a notch formed on the outer periphery of the leaf valve or an orifice formed by stamping on the valve seat , the valve stopper is: A shock absorber valve structure comprising a cylindrical portion that protrudes toward a leaf valve and abuts against a back surface of the leaf valve when the leaf valve is bent by a predetermined amount, and the amount of bending of the leaf valve is regulated by the cylindrical portion. A valve disc in which a port is formed, an annular leaf valve formed by laminating a plurality of plates and opening and closing the port by laminating the valve disc with the inner peripheral side as a fixed end, and a plate between the plates In the valve structure of a shock absorber equipped with a thick ring interposed at a location and a valve stopper that is stacked on the leaf valve and regulates the amount of bending of the leaf valve, the valve stopper protrudes toward the leaf valve and the leaf valve A shock absorber valve structure comprising a cylindrical portion that abuts on a back surface of a leaf valve when bent by a predetermined amount, and the amount of bending of the leaf valve is regulated by the cylindrical portion . 3. The shock absorber valve structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one notch is provided in the tube portion, and the back surface of the leaf valve is partially supported when the leaf valve is bent by a predetermined amount.

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