JP4889893B2 - Vertical lathe equipped with a dust collection nozzle moving device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for moving a dust collection nozzle that removes chips generated during machining by an NC lathe such as a vertical lathe, and in particular, a dust collection nozzle that moves the dust collection nozzle following a tool of a tool post. The present invention relates to a nozzle moving device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, NC and precision of lathes have progressed, and high-precision lathes capable of machining workpieces that require high-precision machining such as optical machine parts have been developed.
In this type of high-precision lathe, chips generated by turning are sucked by a dust collection nozzle and removed to the outside through a dust collection hose. Conventionally, in the case of a vertical lathe, the dust collection nozzle is attached to the tool post, and the dust collection hose is also piped to the machine body.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the conventional dust collection nozzle is fixed to the tool post, the following adverse effects are exerted on the machining accuracy.
[0004]
For one, the flow of air in the dust collection nozzle and dust collection hose when inhaling chips generates vibrations in the dust collection nozzle and dust collection hose, and this vibration is applied to the tool attached to the tool post. This is a problem that the processing accuracy is lowered. In particular, in an ultra-precise machine, the influence of vibration on the machining accuracy becomes large.
[0005]
Moreover, the tool post rotates as the machining progresses, and indexes the cutting tool. Since the machining point is changed by the indexing of the tool post, the relative position between the dust collection nozzle whose position is fixed and the machining point also changes. Therefore, when cutting with a certain cutting tool, chips can be efficiently sucked from the dust collection nozzle, but when cutting with another cutting tool, the removal of chips is not successful, and the remaining chips are applied to the work surface of the workpiece. May cause scratches.
[0006]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, and to move the dust collecting nozzle following the tool bit of the tool rest, thereby preventing transmission of vibration to the tool rest and removing chips. An object of the present invention is to provide a dust collection nozzle moving device that can be efficiently removed.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dust collection nozzle moving device for moving a dust collection nozzle for sucking chips generated from a tool being turned by a tool rest of a vertical lathe in synchronization with the tool rest. A saddle provided on a column and moving in a horizontal direction, a tool post supported by the saddle and having an indexing shaft for indexing a tool, and a workpiece mounted thereon A rotary table for a vertical lathe that has a turning table and rotates the turning table on a horizontal plane for turning, a Z axis as a control axis for moving the tool post up and down, and a horizontal movement of the tool post An NC device that numerically controls the control axis as an X axis and the indexing axis of the tool rest as a B axis, and an axis that controls the movement of the dust collecting nozzle, in parallel with the X axis that moves the tool rest horizontally. Move the dust collection nozzle A shaft, and E-axis for swiveling and a W-axis moving parallel to the dust collecting nozzle and the Z-axis for moving the tool rest up and down, the dust collecting nozzle B axis parallel to axis indexing the tool rest, The NC device includes the U-axis and the W-axis. The NC device includes a dust-collecting nozzle-feeding mechanism and a frame that is installed independently of the vertical lathe body and supports the dust-collecting nozzle feeding mechanism and the dust collecting hose. Each of the E-axis has position control means for giving an X-axis position command, a Z-axis position command , and a B-axis indexing command from the NC device, and the position of the dust collecting nozzle is determined by turning the tool post. Control is performed so as to follow the change of the machining point by the tool inside and follow the indexing of the tool post .
[0008]
According to the present invention, while the workpiece is being machined on the vertical lathe, the dust collecting nozzle always moves following the movement of the tool on the tool rest, so that the position of the machining point of the tool on the tool rest is determined. The relative positional relationship between the dust collection nozzle and the machining point does not change even if it changes with the progress of machining, and the vibration source that adversely affects machining accuracy is eliminated by making the platform separate from the vertical lathe body. can do.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a dust collection nozzle moving device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a vertical lathe to which the dust collection nozzle moving device of the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a front view of the vertical lathe.
[0010]
Reference numeral 10 indicates a bed, and 12 is a rotary table incorporated in the bed 10. The upper surface of the bed 10 is a column mounting surface 13 on a horizontal plane, and the column 14 is fixed to the mounting surface 13. A saddle guide 15 having a guide surface made up of a V-groove is attached to the upper surface of the column 14, and the saddle 16 is slidably installed on the guide surface.
[0011]
A tool rest 18 is supported on the saddle 16 via a ball screw feed mechanism (not shown). In the body of the tool post 18, four tool holders are arranged at symmetrical positions with respect to the rotation axis. By controlling the rotation of the indexing motor 20, the position of the tool can be adjusted with an accuracy of 1 / 10,000. It can be determined.
[0012]
In this vertical lathe, the axis that controls the feed movement of the tool post 18 that moves horizontally with the saddle 16 is the X axis, and 21 is an X axis servo motor that drives the ball screw feed mechanism of the saddle 16. An axis for moving the tool post 18 up and down is a Z-axis, and 22 is a Z-axis servo motor for driving a ball screw feed mechanism that moves the tool post 18 in the vertical direction. The index axis of the tool post 18 is the B axis. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 24 denotes a drive device for driving the rotary table. An NC device (not shown) can perform position control and speed control on the X-axis, Z-axis, and B-axis, and can also control the driving of the rotary table 10.
[0013]
Next, FIG. 3 is a side view showing the dust collection nozzle moving device according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a front view of the dust collection nozzle moving device.
[0014]
This dust collecting nozzle moving device includes a pedestal 26 that is independent and integral with the bed 10 and the column 14 constituting the main body of the vertical lathe. The gantry 26 is fixed to the floor 25. A dust collection nozzle feeding mechanism 27 is attached to the gantry 26. 3 and 4, reference numeral 28 is a dust collection nozzle. 30 is a dust collector that includes a vacuum pump that generates a negative pressure for suction by 30 and a tank that stores suctioned chips.
[0015]
Next, the dust collection nozzle feed mechanism 27 will be described.
Sideways 32a and 32b are attached to the gantry 26 as horizontal guides, and a first moving base 34 is slidably engaged with the sideways 32a and 32b. As shown in FIG. 4, a guide member 35 having a guide surface for guiding the second moving table 36 in the vertical direction is attached to the upper surface of the first moving table 34.
[0016]
A dust collecting pipe 37 is fixed to the second moving table 36 in the length direction thereof, that is, in the vertical direction using a fixing tool 38. The dust collection nozzle 28 is attached to the tip of the dust collection pipe 37 via a joint 39. A flexible chain 40 that is bent with the movement of the dust collection nozzle feed mechanism 27 is connected to the rear end portion of the dust collection pipe 37, and a dust collection hose 41 connected to the flexible chain 40 is fixed along the gantry 26. And connected to the suction port of the dust collector 30.
[0017]
The ball screw mechanism for sending the first moving table 34 in the horizontal direction includes a ball screw 42 attached to the gantry 26 and a ball nut (not shown) fixed to the lower surface of the first moving table 34. The axis that is driven by the U-axis servomotor 44 and controls the feed of the first moving table 34 is the U-axis. Similarly, the ball screw mechanism for feeding the second moving table 36 in the vertical direction is fixed to the ball screw 45 disposed on the first moving table 34 and the lower surface of the second moving table 36 as shown in FIG. The ball nut 46 is made up of. The ball screw 45 is driven by a W-axis servomotor 48, and the axis that controls the feed of the second moving base 36 is the W-axis.
[0018]
FIG. 5 shows a servo motor control unit provided in the NC device. In this embodiment, the NC device of the vertical lathe is shared with the dust collection nozzle moving device. The servo motor control unit 50 outputs a command to an X-axis servo amplifier 51 that outputs a command to the X-axis servo motor 21 that horizontally moves the tool post 18 of the vertical lathe and a Z-axis servo motor 22 that moves the tool post 18 up and down. In addition to the Z-axis servo amplifier 52 and the B-axis servo amplifier 53 that commands the B-axis servo motor 20 for indexing the tool post 18, the movement of the dust collecting nozzle 28 is moved along the U-axis parallel to the X-axis and the W-axis parallel to the Z-axis. A control circuit for controlling is added. That is, the X-axis position command of the vertical lathe given from an arithmetic unit (not shown) of the NC device is given to the X-axis servo amplifier 51 and also introduced to the U-axis servo amplifier 54. The U-axis servo amplifier 54 controls the U-axis servo motor 44 so as to follow the X-axis movement of the tool post 18 of the vertical lathe. Similarly, the Z-axis position command of the vertical lathe is given to the Z-axis servo amplifier 52 and introduced to the W-axis servo amplifier 55. The U-axis servo amplifier 55 controls the W-axis servo motor 48 so as to follow the Z-axis movement of the tool post 18 of the vertical lathe.
[0019]
According to the present embodiment, the dust collection nozzle 28 can always follow the movement of the tool on the tool rest 18 while the workpiece is being processed on the vertical lathe. Therefore, even if the position of the machining point of the tool on the tool post 18 changes as the machining progresses, the relative positional relationship between the dust collection nozzle 28 and the machining point remains unchanged, so that chips remain on the workpiece machining surface. Therefore, chips can be sucked efficiently.
[0020]
In addition, since the dust collection nozzle 26, the dust collection pipe 37, and the feed mechanism 27 are provided on the gantry 26 that is integrated with the vertical body of the vertical lathe, vibration generated when suctioning chips is generated on the vertical lathe side. Therefore, high-precision processing is possible by removing the vibration source in combination with the above highly efficient dust collection performance.
[0021]
Next, another embodiment of the dust collection nozzle moving device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In the second embodiment, the control axis of the dust collection nozzle feed mechanism 27 for moving the dust collection nozzle 28 is added to the U axis and the W axis, and further rotated in parallel with the B axis for indexing the tool post 18 of the vertical lathe. In this embodiment, an E axis is added. Except for the addition of the E-axis, the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the same mechanical parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0022]
In FIG. 6, the dust collection nozzle 28 is connected to the dust collection pipe 37 using a swivel 60. The dust collection nozzle 28 is attached to an eccentric position of the rotating body 60 a of the swivel 60. Reference numeral 62 denotes an E-axis servomotor that determines the position of the dust collection nozzle 28. In FIG. 5, the indexing command for the tool post 18 is given to the B-axis servo amplifier and introduced to the E-axis servo amplifier. The E-axis servo amplifier 56 controls the E-axis servo motor 62 so as to follow the B-axis indexing of the tool post 18. As a result, the dust collection nozzle 26 can be rotated in parallel with the B-axis to follow the tool post 18 for indexing, so that the relative position is not changed while holding the nozzle position at the optimum position with respect to the processing point. And can be reliably removed without leaving chips.
[0023]
【Effect of the invention】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the dust collection nozzle and the dust collection hose are provided on a stand independent of the lathe body, and the dust collection nozzle is moved following the tool bit of the tool post. Therefore, the transmission of vibration to the tool post can be prevented and the chips can be removed efficiently, which contributes to improving the accuracy of the turning process.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a vertical lathe to which a dust collection nozzle moving device according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the same lathe.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a dust collection nozzle moving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the dust collection nozzle moving device.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a control device for controlling the position of the dust collection nozzle.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a dust collection nozzle moving device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 bed 12 rotary table 14 column 16 saddle 18 tool post 26 mount 27 dust collecting nozzle feed mechanism 28 dust collecting nozzle 34 first moving table 36 second moving table

Claims (1)

A vertical lathe equipped with a dust collection nozzle moving device for moving a dust collection nozzle for sucking chips generated from a tool being turned by a tool post of a vertical lathe in synchronization with the tool post,
A saddle provided on the column and moving in the horizontal direction;
A tool post supported by the saddle and having an indexing shaft for indexing the tool and moving in the vertical direction;
A rotary table for a vertical lathe that has a turning table on which a workpiece is placed and rotates the turning table on a horizontal plane for turning;
An NC device that numerically controls the Z axis as the control axis for moving the tool post up and down, the X axis as the control axis for horizontally moving the tool post, and the B axis as the index axis of the tool post;
As axes for controlling the movement of the dust collecting nozzle, the U axis for moving the dust collecting nozzle in parallel with the X axis for moving the tool post horizontally, and the Z axis for moving the tool post up and down in parallel. A dust collection nozzle feed mechanism having a W axis for moving the dust nozzle, and an E axis for rotating the dust collection nozzle about an axis parallel to the B axis for indexing the tool post ;
A stand that is installed independently of the vertical lathe body and supports the dust collection nozzle feed mechanism and the dust collection hose,
The NC device has position control means for giving an X-axis position command, a Z-axis position command , and a B-axis indexing command to the U axis, the W axis, and the E axis , respectively. The dust collecting nozzle moving device is controlled so that the position of the dust collecting nozzle follows a change in a machining point by a tool during turning of the tool post and follows the indexing of the tool post. Vertical lathe equipped with.

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