JP4878439B2 - Lighting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device that can control the secretion of melatonin, which is a sleep hormone.

  Conventionally, low color temperature and medium color temperature are generated alternately, and the time interval between the generations is set to a time interval that is shorter than human chromatic adaptation. It has been known that a temperature and a medium color temperature are alternately generated to promptly fall asleep (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In addition, a light source capable of suppressing the secretion of melatonin, which is a sleep hormone, and maintaining attention is known (for example, see Patent Document 2).
JP 11-135273 A Special table 2004-508106 gazette

  By the way, melatonin is a hormone secreted from the pineal gland of the brain and has a cycle of almost one day as shown in FIG. Melatonin is not secreted during the day, but is secreted from the evening to the morning and is known to affect sleep. The secretion of melatonin is suppressed by light, and there are various experimental results such as 1500 lx and 500 lx. Further, the spectral sensitivity at which melatonin secretion is suppressed is said to have a peak value near 464 nm as shown in FIG. 15 by an experiment using monochromatic light.

  Moreover, according to the literature (McIntyre et al., Life Science, 45-4, p327-332, 1989), melatonin secretion was suppressed by exposure at 400 lx for 3 hours, but not at 200 lx. There is a report that.

  Furthermore, according to the literature (Morita et al., National Institute of Lighting Engineers Annual Summary, p203, 2002), there is a report that melatonin secretion was suppressed by exposure to monochromatic light at wavelengths of 450 nm and 500 nm for 90 minutes. It is also known that the spectral distribution of a fluorescent lamp varies depending on the correlated color temperature, and the proportion of the short wavelength region of 450 nm to 500 nm decreases as the color temperature decreases.

  As described above, when exposed to light with high illuminance or light having a wavelength of around 450 nm to 500 nm at night, the secretion of melatonin is suppressed, which affects sleep.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a lighting device that can prevent the secretion of melatonin before sleep and promote smooth sleep.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, at least two types of light sources having different correlated color temperatures; illumination control means for controlling illumination by these light sources; time setting means for setting time; and illuminance of a light source having a low color temperature are gradually increased. The illuminance of a light source with a high color temperature is gradually decreased, and the illuminance of a light source with a low color temperature is maximized at a predetermined time before the set time. And a main control means for controlling the illumination control means so that the illuminance is gradually lowered and the illuminance is lowered at a predetermined time before the time set at the set time.

  That is, the main control means starts control so that the correlated color temperature becomes low in the combination of a plurality of light sources at the set time. Control for changing the correlated color temperature can be realized, for example, by changing the output of each light source so that the amount of radiation in the wavelength region of 450 nm to 500 nm is reduced.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the illumination device according to the first aspect, the illumination control unit performs dimming control on at least one light source.

The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that the time set by the time setting means in the lighting device described in claim 1 or 2 is a time 90 minutes or more before entering sleep.
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For example, when the sleep time is set to 10 pm, the lighting device is controlled so that the correlated color temperature is lowered at least at 8:30 pm, and / or the illuminance on the floor surface is 200 lx or less. Control is started.

  According to the first and second aspects of the invention, when the set time comes, the control is started so that the correlated color temperature is lowered in the combination of a plurality of light sources, so that the melatonin secretion is suppressed before sleep. Can prevent and promote smooth sleep.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the time set by the time setting means is set to a time of 90 minutes or more before entering sleep, it is possible to prevent the melatonin secretion from being suppressed before sleep and to smoothly Can promote a good sleep.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are schematic configuration diagrams of the illuminating device 1, and a socket 5 is provided in the center of a circular substrate 2 to be connected to a socket 4 arranged on the ceiling 3 and connected to a power line. A circuit box 6 containing circuit components constituting the control circuit is attached.

  An illuminance sensor 7 for detecting the illuminance of the floor surface is attached to the center of the circuit box 6, and a reflector 8 is disposed around the circuit box 6, and the correlated color temperature is different under the reflector 8. As two types of light sources, a three-wavelength daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 having a correlated color temperature of 5000K is arranged on the inner side, and a three-wavelength light bulb fluorescent lamp 10 having a correlated color temperature of 2800K is arranged on the outer side. Around the substrate 2, a cover 11 that covers the entire apparatus and is light-emitting and diffuses light is attached. In FIG. 2, the cover 11 is removed.

  The three-wavelength daylight fluorescent lamp 9 has a spectral distribution shown in FIG. 4A, and the three-wavelength bulb fluorescent lamp 10 has a spectral distribution shown in FIG. 4B. That is, the fluorescent lamp 9 has a shorter wavelength ratio of 450 nm to 500 nm than the fluorescent lamp 10.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a main circuit configuration of the lighting device 1, and a control unit main body 21 that controls the whole is provided, and a dimming control unit 22 that controls the dimming white fluorescent lamp 9 by the control unit main body 21. And a dimming control unit 23 for dimming control of the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 is controlled. Further, the control unit main body 21 captures an illuminance detection signal detected by the illuminance sensor 7 and also captures a sleep detection signal detected by the sleep sensor 24. The sleep sensor 24 is a sensor that detects falling asleep in various ways, such as a sensor that is attached to the arm of a sleeping person to detect a pulse or body temperature, or a sensor that is attached to a pillow to detect the movement of a sleeping person. It is a sensor. Incorporation of the sleep detection signal from the sleep sensor 24 by the control unit main body 21 includes a wired method using a lead wire and a wireless method using radio waves.

  In addition to the microprocessor, the main control unit main body 21 is provided with a clock circuit 21a for measuring time and a memory 21b for setting time. The control unit main body 21 controls the dimming control unit 22 to control the dimming white fluorescent lamp 9 as shown by a solid line graph g1 in FIG. That is, the set time is determined 90 minutes or more before the preset sleep time or the predicted sleep time, and the sleep time and the set time are stored in the memory 21b. Then, the dimming rate is gradually decreased from 100% so that the dimming rate becomes 0% at the set time.

  The control unit main body 21 controls the dimming control unit 23 to perform dimming control of the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 as indicated by a dotted line graph g2 in FIG. That is, in synchronization with the dimming rate of the daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 decreasing from 100%, the dimming rate is gradually increased from 0%, and the dimming rate becomes 100% at a time before the set time. Thereafter, this state is maintained until the sleep time is reached, and the dimming rate is reduced to 0% when the sleep time is reached. That is, the control unit main body 21 sets the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 to the same state as the extinguished state when the sleep time comes. At this time, the color temperature can be lowered smoothly by continuously changing the logarithmic values of the illuminance of the daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 and the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 so as to be a cosine curve with time as a variable.

  Here, the daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 and the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 are continuously dimmed and controlled, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and stepwise dimming control as shown in FIG. There may be. That is, the control unit main body 21 controls the dimming control unit 22 to control the dimming white fluorescent lamp 9 in a stepwise manner as shown by a solid line graph g11 in FIG. Further, the control unit main body 21 controls the dimming control unit 23 to perform dimming control in a stepwise manner as indicated by a dotted line graph g12 in FIG.

  In this way, at the set time 90 minutes or more before the sleep time, the dimming rate of the daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 is 0% and the dimming rate of the bulb-color fluorescent lamp 10 is 100%, so the correlated color temperature is from 5000K. It will change to 2800K. And the ratio of the short wavelength of 450 nm-500 nm decreases from the spectral distribution of the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 shown in FIG. Thereby, it can prevent that melatonin secretion is suppressed before sleep. And when this state is continued for 90 minutes or more, melatonin secretion gradually increases, thereby promoting sleep and smooth sleep at sleep time.

  Further, the control unit main body 21 is controlled by using the illuminance sensor 7 so that the illuminance on the floor surface by the daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 and the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 becomes 200 lx or less at the set time as shown in FIG. To do. That is, the outputs of the daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 and the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 are adjusted by dimming so that the illuminance of the floor surface detected by the illuminance sensor 7 is 200 lx or less at the set time. At this time, the illuminance can be lowered smoothly by continuously changing the logarithmic value of the illuminance of the daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 and the bulb-color fluorescent lamp 10 to be a cosine curve with time as a variable. And, for example, it is known that if the change rate of illuminance is 7.5% or less in an office, the illuminance can be lowered without noticing the change. Change of illuminance without

  As described above, the outputs of the daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 and the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 are changed so that the illuminance on the floor surface becomes 200 lx or less at the set time 90 minutes or more before the sleep time. Since only the bulb-color fluorescent lamp 10 is lit at the set time, the light from the bulb-color fluorescent lamp 10 is controlled so that the illuminance on the floor surface is 200 lx or less. Thereby, it can prevent that melatonin secretion is suppressed before sleep. And when this state is continued for 90 minutes or more, melatonin secretion gradually increases, thereby promoting sleep and smooth sleep at sleep time.

  Further, by setting the sleep time and the set time in the memory 21b, the daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 is turned off at the set time and illumination is performed only with the bulb-color fluorescent lamp 10, and the illuminance of the floor surface is kept at 200 lx or less, It is possible to fall asleep at the sleep time. For example, the sleep time can be set to 11:00 pm and the set time can be set to 9:00 pm. With this setting, the illumination is switched from the daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 to the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 at 9 pm, and the illuminance on the floor surface is set to 200 lx or less. When the sleep time comes, the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 is also turned off to darken the room. Alternatively, after the sleep time is reached, after confirming that the sleep sensor 24 has detected the sleep state, the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 may be turned off to darken the room.

  The sleep time set in the memory 21b may be set based on the time measured by the clock circuit 21a when the sleep detection signal from the sleep sensor 24 is captured. For example, a person may sleep differently depending on the day of the week, and accordingly, the sleep time for each day of the week can be set in the memory 21b. And the sleep time to set is made into the time which averaged the time measuring time of sleep obtained on each day of the week. As a result, the sleep time of each person's day of the week is automatically set, and the set time at which the correlated color temperature decreases with respect to the sleep time and the illuminance on the floor surface is 200 lx or less is set.

  In the above-described embodiment, the control of one lighting device has been described. However, the present invention can also be applied to a case where a plurality of lighting devices are connected to a network. For example, the lighting device arranged in each room of the house is controlled in the same manner as the lighting device of the above-described embodiment. In other words, the daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 and the light bulb color fluorescent lamp 10 are controlled so that the correlated color temperature of the illumination decreases according to a preset temperature set in advance and the illuminance on the floor surface becomes 200 lx or less. Then, control is performed to turn off the illumination at the set sleep time. Thereby, the light environment where melatonin secretion is not suppressed in any room can be realized. Of course, the lighting device can be used as a normal lighting device by enabling the user to cancel the function of the fluorescent lamp control based on the set time and sleep time of the lighting device in each room. It can also improve sex.

  In the embodiment described above, the three-wavelength daylight white fluorescent lamp 9 having a correlated color temperature of 5000K is arranged on the inner side, and the three-wavelength bulb fluorescent lamp 10 having a correlated color temperature of 2800K is arranged on the outer side. Although the lighting device has been described, as shown in FIG. 8, a three-wavelength daylight fluorescent lamp 31 having a correlated color temperature of 6700K is arranged inside, and a three-wavelength daylight-white fluorescent lamp having a correlated color temperature of 5000K in the middle. The external appearance of the three fluorescent lamps in which a fluorescent lamp 33 having a three-wavelength light bulb color with a correlated color temperature of 2800K is arranged on the outside may be the lighting device 34 having the configuration shown in FIG.

  The three-wavelength daylight fluorescent lamp 31 having a correlated color temperature of 6700 K has the spectral distribution shown in FIG. 10, and the three-wavelength daylight fluorescent lamp 32 is the same as the fluorescent lamp 9 shown in FIG. The three-wavelength light bulb fluorescent lamp 33 has the same spectral distribution as shown in FIG. Compared with the fluorescent lamp 32, the fluorescent lamp 31 has a higher ratio of short wavelengths of 450 nm to 500 nm. For example, the rated power of the fluorescent lamp 31 is 40 W, the rated power of the fluorescent lamp 32 is 50 W, and the rated power of the fluorescent lamp 33 is 60 W.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 11, normally, lighting control is performed with all-light lighting so that the illuminance by the illumination from the three-wavelength daylight fluorescent lamp (D) 31 becomes the highest, and the three-wavelength daylight white Lighting control is performed at approximately 50% dimming so that the illuminance by the illumination from the fluorescent lamp (N) 32 is maintained in a state lower than 100 lx. In this state, the fluorescent lamp (L) 33 having the three-wavelength light bulb color is gradually started up from the state of illuminance 0 and the illuminance of the fluorescent lamp 31 is gradually decreased.

  At time t1, the illuminance of the fluorescent lamp (D) 31 is reduced to 10 lx or less, and the illuminance of the fluorescent lamp (L) 33 is maximized. Further, the illuminance of the fluorescent lamp (N) 32 is kept almost flat. Thereafter, the illuminance of the fluorescent lamp (N) 32 is gradually decreased, and the illuminance is decreased to 10 lx or less at time t2. Thereafter, the fluorescent lamp (L) 33 is dimmed at 70% or less to reduce the illuminance to 170 lx and maintain smooth sleep. At this time, the total illuminance by the fluorescent lamp (D) 31, the fluorescent lamp (N) 32, and the fluorescent lamp (L) 33 changes as shown by a graph (D + N + L) in the figure.

  Even in such control, by setting the time t2 as the set time and setting it at least 90 minutes before the sleep time, illumination with a brightness of 200 lx or less using only the fluorescent lamp (L) 33 continues for 90 minutes or more. Thus, as shown in FIG. 12, the correlated color temperature and brightness can be reduced smoothly before sleep, and the suppression of melatonin secretion before sleep can be prevented. Thereby, melatonin secretion can be increased before sleep, and smooth sleep can be performed at the time of sleep.

  The above describes control before sleep, for example, detecting a user getting up by placing a pressure sensor on a futon, placing an infrared sensor, or placing an acceleration sensor on the body, If the wake-up is in the vicinity of a preset wake-up time, the dimming control of each fluorescent lamp can be performed so that the correlated color temperature and the brightness are smoothly increased as shown in FIG.

  It is also comfortable to measure sleep depth using a pillow-type or body-mounted biometric device, detect REM sleep before wake-up time by this measurement, and increase the correlated color temperature and brightness at this timing It is possible to wake up.

  In addition, when the user's wake-up is detected and the wake-up at that time is still sleeping, it is assumed that the user has woken up to go to the toilet, etc. It is also possible to perform control. This prevents awakening completely when waking up during sleep, and allows sleep to continue smoothly when sleeping again.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, two types and three types of fluorescent lamps having different correlated color temperatures are used as light sources. However, four or more types of fluorescent lamps having different correlated color temperatures are used. There may be.

The schematic block diagram of the state which attached the illuminating device which concerns on one embodiment of this invention to the ceiling. The figure which looked at the illuminating device which concerns on the embodiment from the bottom, removing a cover. The block diagram which shows the principal part circuit structure of the illuminating device which concerns on the same embodiment. The figure which shows the spectral distribution of the daytime white fluorescent lamp and the light bulb color fluorescent lamp in the illuminating device which concerns on the embodiment. The figure which shows the light control of the daytime white fluorescent lamp and light bulb color fluorescent lamp in the illuminating device which concerns on the embodiment. The figure which shows the other Example of the light control of the daytime white fluorescent lamp and the light bulb color fluorescent lamp in the illuminating device which concerns on the embodiment. The figure which shows the illumination intensity control of the illuminating device which concerns on the same embodiment. The fluorescent lamp arrangement | positioning figure of the illuminating device which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The perspective view which shows the external appearance of the illuminating device of the embodiment. The figure which shows the spectral distribution of the daylight color fluorescent lamp in the illuminating device which concerns on the embodiment. The figure which shows the illumination intensity change before sleep of each fluorescent lamp of the illuminating device which concerns on the embodiment, and the whole illumination intensity change. The figure which shows the change of the correlation color temperature and the brightness before sleep of the illuminating device which concerns on the embodiment. The figure which shows the change of correlation color temperature and the brightness at the time of the wake-up of the illuminating device which concerns on the embodiment. The figure which shows the secretion characteristic in the day of melatonin. The figure which shows the spectral sensitivity relative value of a melatonin secretion suppression.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Illuminating device, 7 ... Illuminance sensor, 9 ... Three-wavelength type daylight white fluorescent lamp, 10 ... Three-wavelength type fluorescent lamp, 21 ... Control part main body, 21a ... Memory, 22, 23 ... Dimming control part .

Claims (3)

At least two types of light sources with different correlated color temperatures;
Illumination control means for controlling illumination by these light sources;
Time setting means for setting the time;
While gradually increasing the illuminance of the light source with a low color temperature, gradually decreasing the illuminance of the light source with a high color temperature, and increasing the illuminance of the light source with a low color temperature at the predetermined time before the set time. And then, main control means for controlling the illumination control means so that the illuminance of the light source having a low color temperature is gradually lowered and the illuminance is lowered at a predetermined time before the time set at the set time;
An illumination device comprising:   The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the illumination control unit performs dimming control on at least one light source.   The lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the time set by the time setting means is a time 90 minutes or more before entering sleep.

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