JP4876087B2 - Special fire engine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a special fire-fighting vehicle that discharges water and is equipped with equipment driven by a hydraulic actuator.

  Conventionally, fire engines and ambulances are used at fire sites and disaster sites, but in order to reduce the number of vehicles introduced to the site, special fire engines that integrate the functions of fire engines and ambulances should be used. Is desired.

  The special fire engine disclosed in Patent Document 1 has both a function of a fire engine that discharges water at a fire site and a function of an ambulance that conveys an emergency patient.

In this special fire-fighting vehicle, a stretcher on which an emergency patient is placed is driven by a hydraulic actuator.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-200016

  However, in such a conventional special fire-fighting vehicle, since a hydraulic actuator is used to drive the equipment, it is necessary to mount a hydraulic source for supplying pressurized hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic actuator on the vehicle. There has been a problem that the weight of the vehicle increases and the excess space decreases.

  Further, when oil used in the hydraulic actuator leaks, there is a concern that the oil may catch fire and cause a secondary disaster.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient system that prevents secondary disasters in a special fire-fighting vehicle.

  The present invention is a special fire-fighting vehicle equipped with a device that is driven by a hydraulic actuator that discharges water using a water discharger and uses a water discharge fluid as a working fluid, and is non-volume driven by a power source A pump and a volume pump, a fire water suction passage for guiding water to the suction port of the non-volume pump, a fire water supply passage for supplying water discharged from the non-volume pump to the water discharger, and water for the volume pump. A working water suction passage that leads to the suction port, a working water supply passage that supplies water discharged from the volumetric pump to the hydraulic actuator, and a fire water pressure introduction passage that guides the fire water pressure of the fire water supply passage to the working water suction passage It was characterized by providing.

  According to the present invention, it performs a fire fighting function that discharges low-pressure and large-flow water discharged from a non-volumetric pump from a water discharger at a fire site, and operates a hydraulic actuator with high-pressure water discharged from a volumetric pump, A patient transport function and a rescue function for performing a rescue operation can be achieved via a device driven by a pressure actuator.

  Since the hydraulic actuator operates using water, the fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage connects the fire-fighting water supply passage to the working water suction passage, and the fire-fighting water pressure in the fire-fighting water supply passage can be guided to the working water suction passage. The suction performance of the positive displacement pump is improved and the performance is improved.

  There is no need to mount a hydraulic power source or a pneumatic power source on a special fire-fighting vehicle, so that the weight of the vehicle can be reduced and the space can be saved. Further, the water guided to the hydraulic actuator does not ignite like the oil used in the hydraulic actuator, and can prevent a secondary disaster and provide a highly efficient system.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a system provided in a special fire engine. This special fire-fighting vehicle fulfills a fire-fighting function of a fire truck that discharges water at a fire site, a patient transport function of an ambulance that transports an emergency patient, and a rescue function that performs rescue work at a disaster site.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a water discharger constituted by a fire hose and a water discharge nozzle, which fulfills a fire fighting function by discharging water from the water discharge nozzle to the fire site. The water discharge tool 1 includes a shut-off valve that opens and closes a water discharge nozzle.

  In the figure, reference numeral 2 denotes a spraying tool constituted by a hose and a spray nozzle, which absorbs heat of vaporization and performs a fire fighting function by spraying high-pressure water in the form of a mist in accordance with the fire situation. The spray tool 2 includes a shut-off valve that opens and closes the spray nozzle.

  In the figure, reference numerals 3 to 8 denote hydraulic actuators mounted on a special fire fighting vehicle and using a water discharge fluid as a working fluid.

  The hydraulic actuator 5 that uses a water discharge fluid as a working fluid is a hydraulic motor that rotationally drives a hose winding drum (not shown), and performs a fire fighting function.

  The hydraulic actuator 3 that uses a water discharge fluid as a working fluid is a hydraulic cylinder that moves up and down a stretcher (patient transport device) (not shown) on which an emergency patient is placed, and performs a patient transport function.

  The hydraulic actuator 4 is a hydraulic cylinder that opens and closes a door (not shown) of the vehicle, and is provided as vehicle equipment.

  The hydraulic actuators 6 to 8 are added according to the specifications of the special fire engine.

  The hydraulic actuator 6 is a hydraulic motor that rotationally drives a cutter (rescue work device) (not shown) used during the rescue work, and fulfills a rescue function.

  The hydraulic actuators 7 and 8 are hydraulic cylinders that drive various equipment mounted on the vehicle, or hydraulic cylinders that drive rescue work equipment used during rescue work.

  The hydraulic actuators 3 to 8 are connected to the direction switching valves 13 to 18 via the first working water passages 3a to 8a and the second working water passages 3b to 8b, and based on commands from a controller (not shown). When the positions a, b, and c of the direction switching valves 13 to 18 are switched, the flow of the working water is switched.

  Flow control valves 73 to 78 and check valves 83 to 88 are installed in parallel in the first working water passages 3a to 8a, and the operation speeds of the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8 are adjusted by the flow control valves 73 to 78, respectively. The

  The hydraulic actuator 3 expands when the direction switching valve 13 is switched to the position a, contracts when the direction switching valve 13 is switched to the position b, and expands and contracts when the direction switching valve 13 is switched to the neutral position c. Is supposed to stop. Similarly, the hydraulic actuators 4, 7, and 8 are expanded and contracted via the direction switching valves 14, 17, and 18, respectively.

  The hydraulic actuator 5 operates forward when the direction switching valve 15 is switched to the position a, reversely operates when the direction switching valve 15 is switched to the position b, and when the direction switching valve 15 is switched to the neutral position c, Rotation is stopped. Similarly, the hydraulic actuator 6 also rotates through the direction switching valve 16.

  A non-volumetric pump 21 and a volumetric pump 22 are provided as water pressure sources. The non-volumetric pump 21 and the volumetric pump 22 are driven by an engine (internal combustion engine) 20 mounted on the vehicle.

  The power source that drives the non-volumetric pump 21 and the volumetric pump 22 is not limited to the engine 20, and an electric motor or the like may be used.

  A fire water supply passage 41 is connected to the discharge port of the non-volumetric pump 21, and pressurized fire extinguishing water is supplied to the water discharge tool 1 through the fire water supply passage 41. Water is discharged from the water discharge nozzle of the water discharge device 1 by opening the shut-off valve provided in the water discharge device 1.

  The non-volumetric pump 21 is a pump in which a blade-like rotor (not shown) rotates in a casing and applies pressure to the water by centrifugal force. The required amount of water is ensured.

  A working water supply passage 42 is connected to the discharge port of the volume pump 22, and the working water discharged from the volume pump 22 is supplied to the spraying tool 2 and the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8 through the working water supply passage 42.

  The volume pump 22 reciprocates a piston (not shown) in the cylinder and applies pressure to the water by changing the volume in the cylinder. The volume pump 22 discharges water having a pressure higher than that of the non-volume pump 21.

  The positive displacement pump 22 is not limited to this, and a vane pump that transports water through a movable vane attached to a rotor eccentrically attached to the casing, a gear pump that transports water by meshing gears, or the like may be used. Good.

  The volume pump 22 discharges water having a higher pressure and a lower flow rate than the non-volume pump 21, and the water pressure required for the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8 and the spraying tool 2 is ensured.

  When the shut-off valve provided in the spraying tool 2 is opened, water in which the pressurized working water is appropriately atomized from the spray nozzle of the spraying tool 2 is sprayed in a mist form. This spray absorbs the heat of vaporization at the fire site and effectively performs the fire fighting function.

  In the figure, 52 is a working water discharge passage for guiding the working water from the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8. The working water discharge passage 52 and the working water supply passage 42 of the volume pump 22 are connected to the first and second working water passages 3a to 8a and 3b to 8b of the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8 via the direction switching valves 13 to 18, respectively. Selectively connected.

  When the directional control valves 13 to 18 are switched to positions a and b, pressurized hydraulic water is supplied to the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8, and the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8 are operated to switch to the position c. Actuators 3-8 stop operating.

  A bypass passage 25 that connects the working water supply passage 42 and the working water discharge passage 52 is provided, and an opening / closing valve 26 is interposed in the bypass passage 25, and the opening / closing valve 26 opens and closes based on a command from the controller.

  The controller determines that the working water supply passage 42 is closed when the direction switching valves 13 to 18 are all switched to the neutral position c and the spray of the working water from the sprayer 2 is blocked, and opens and closes in this closed state. The valve 26 is opened, and the working water discharged from the volume pump 22 is released from the working water supply passage 42 through the bypass passage 25 to the working water discharge passage 52.

  Further, the controller determines that at least one of the direction switching valves 13 to 18 is switched to the operating positions a and b, or determines that the working water supply passage 42 through which the working water is ejected from the spraying tool 2 is opened, and this opened state. The on-off valve 26 is operated to close, and the working water discharged from the volume pump 22 is supplied from the working water supply passage 42 to the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8 or the spraying tool 2.

  A relief valve 27 is interposed in the bypass passage 25 in parallel with the on-off valve 26. The relief valve 27 opens when the pressure of the working water supply passage 42 rises above a predetermined value, and discharges the working water discharged from the volume pump 22 from the working water supply passage 42 through the bypass passage 25. It escapes to the channel | path 52, and the pressure of the working water supply channel | path 42 does not rise too much.

  A fire water suction passage 31 is connected to the suction port of the non-volumetric pump 21, and the non-volumetric pump 21 sucks firewater through the firewater suction passage 31.

  A working water suction passage 32 is connected to the suction port of the volumetric pump 22, and the volumetric pump 22 sucks the working water through the working water suction passage 32.

  The fire water intake passage 31 of the non-volumetric pump 21 is connected to the water storage tank 30. Although the water storage tank 30 is provided outside the vehicle, it may be mounted on the vehicle as a reservoir tank.

  A fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage 43 that guides the fire-fighting water pressure of the fire-fighting water supply passage 41 to the working water suction passage 32 is provided, and the fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage 43 communicates with the working water suction passage 32 via the direction switching valve 45.

  The direction switching valve 45 is interposed at a connection portion of the fire water pressure introduction passage 43 with respect to the working water suction passage 32. The direction switching valve 45 opens the fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage 43 to introduce the water in the fire-fighting water supply passage 41 to the working water suction passage 32, and the fire-fighting water pressure cut-off position a for closing the fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage 43. And have. The positions a and b of the direction switching valve 45 are switched by a command from the controller.

  When the direction switching valve 45 is in the fire fighting water pressure cutoff position a, the positive displacement pump 22 sucks up the water in the water storage tank 30 from the working water suction passage 32. On the other hand, when the direction switching valve 45 is in the firefighting water pressure introduction position b, the non-volumetric pump 21 sucks water in the water storage tank 30 from the firefighting water suction passage 31 and the water pressurized by the non-volumetric pump 21 is firefighting water supply passage. 41 is sent to the suction port of the volumetric pump 22 through the fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage 43 and the working water suction passage 32, and the suction pressure of the volumetric pump 22 is increased to prevent cavitation of the volumetric pump 22. The suction performance is improved, and the performance of the positive displacement pump 22 is improved.

  In addition, it is good also as a structure which does not provide the direction switching valve 45 but always connects the fire-fighting water pressure introduction channel | path 43 to the working water suction channel | path 32.

  A filter 44 is interposed in the fire water pressure introduction passage 43. The filter 44 filters the working water guided from the fire-fighting water supply passage 41 to the working water suction passage 32 so that the operability of the volume pump 22, the spraying tool 2, the hydraulic actuators 3-8, etc. is not impaired. .

  A filter 33 is interposed in the working water suction passage 32. The working water sucked up by the volume pump 22 is filtered by the filter 33 so that the operability of the volume pump 22, the spraying tool 2, the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8 and the like is not impaired.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the water discharge device 1 is used to discharge water and a special fire-fighting vehicle equipped with devices driven by the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8 and driven by the power source (engine 20). Non-volumetric pump 21 and volumetric pump 22, fire-fighting water suction passage 31 for guiding water to the suction port of non-volumetric pump 21, and fire-fighting water supply passage for supplying water discharged from non-volumetric pump 21 to water discharger 1 41, a working water suction passage 32 that guides water to the suction port of the volumetric pump 22, a working water supply passage 42 that supplies water discharged from the volumetric pump 22 to the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8, and a fire fighting water supply passage 41 And a fire water pressure introduction passage 43 for guiding the fire water pressure to the working water suction passage 32.

  Thereby, while fulfill | performing the fire fighting function which discharges the low-pressure large flow volume water discharged from the non-volumetric pump 21 from the water discharge tool 1, the hydraulic actuators 3-8 are actuated by the high-pressure water discharged from the volumetric pump 22, and liquid It fulfills a patient transport function of an ambulance that transports an emergency patient via a device driven by the pressure actuator 3, and a rescue function that performs a rescue operation at a disaster site via a device driven by the hydraulic actuators 6-8. be able to.

  Since the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8 operate using water, the fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage 43 connects the fire-fighting water supply passage 41 to the working water suction passage 32, and the fire-fighting water pressure in the fire-fighting water supply passage 41 is changed to the working water suction passage 32. The suction pressure of the volumetric pump 22 can be increased, and the suction performance of the volumetric pump 22 is improved by preventing the cavitation of the volumetric pump 22. Is reduced.

  Furthermore, the water guided to the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8 does not ignite like the oil used in the hydraulic actuator, and there is no fear of causing a secondary disaster.

  It is necessary to mount a hydraulic power source or a pneumatic pressure source in a special fire-fighting vehicle by unifying the energy source that performs the fire fighting function, the patient transport function, and the rescue function into the water pressure discharged from the non-volumetric pump 21 and the volumetric pump 22. In addition, the weight of the vehicle can be reduced and the space can be saved.

  Further, by using the hydraulic actuators 3 to 8, it is possible to provide a highly efficient system with less energy loss than the pneumatic actuator.

In the present embodiment, a directional switching valve 45 is interposed at the connection portion of the fire water pressure introduction passage 43 with respect to the working water suction passage 32,
This directional switching valve 45 opens the fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage 43 to introduce the fire-fighting water pressure in the fire-fighting water supply passage 41 to the working water suction passage 32, and the fire-fighting water pressure cut-off position a to close the fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage 43. It is characterized by having.

  Thereby, when discharging water from the water discharge tool 1, the amount of water discharged from the water discharge tool 1 can be increased by switching the direction switching valve 45 to the fire fighting water pressure cutoff position b.

  In the present embodiment, the spraying tool 2 connected to the working water supply passage 42 is provided, and water is sprayed from the spraying tool 2 in the form of a mist.

  Thereby, according to a fire condition, the vaporization heat is absorbed by spraying high pressure water from the spraying tool 2 in the shape of a mist, and a wide fire extinguishing activity can be performed.

  As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a fire hydrant 99 to which pressurized fire-fighting water is supplied to the fire water suction passage 31 of the non-volumetric pump 21 and the working water suction passage 32 of the volumetric pump 22. It is good also as a structure connected to.

  In this case, since the water pressure for fire fighting in the fire hydrant 99 is guided to the fire water suction passage 31 and the working water suction passage 32, the driving loads of the non-volumetric pump 21 and the volumetric pump 22 are reduced. The discharge pressure of the volume pump 22 can be increased, the amount of water discharged from the water discharge device 1 and the amount of spray from the spray device 2 can be increased, and the operating speed of the water pressure actuators 3 to 8 can be increased.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is obvious that various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.

The hydraulic-pressure circuit diagram of the system provided in the special fire-fighting vehicle which shows embodiment of this invention. The hydraulic-pressure circuit diagram of the system which shows other embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water discharging tool 2 Spraying tool 3-8 Hydraulic actuator 13-18 direction switching valve 20 Engine 21 Non-volumetric pump 22 Volumetric pump 30 Water storage tank 31 Fire-fighting water suction passage 32 Working water suction passage 41 Fire-fighting water supply passage 42 Working water supply passage 43 Fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage 45 Directional switching valve 99 Fire hydrant

Claims (4)

A special fire-fighting vehicle equipped with a device driven by a hydraulic actuator that uses a water discharge tool to discharge water and uses a water discharge fluid as a working fluid,
A non-volumetric pump and a volumetric pump driven by a power source;
A fire-fighting water suction passage for guiding water to the suction port of the non-volumetric pump;
A fire water supply passage for supplying water discharged from the non-volumetric pump to the water discharge tool;
A working water suction passage for guiding water to the suction port of the positive displacement pump;
A working water supply passage for supplying water discharged from the positive displacement pump to the hydraulic actuator;
A special fire-fighting vehicle comprising a fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage for guiding a fire-fighting water pressure in the fire-fighting water supply passage to the working water suction passage. A directional switching valve is interposed at the connection of the fire water pressure introduction passage to the working water suction passage,
The direction switching valve has a fire-fighting water pressure introduction position that opens the fire-fighting water pressure introduction passage and guides the fire-fighting water pressure of the fire-fighting water supply passage to the working water suction passage, and a fire-fighting water pressure cutoff position that closes the firefighting water pressure introduction passage The special fire-fighting vehicle according to claim 1.   The special hydraulic vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic actuator drives a patient transport device that transports a patient or a rescue device that performs a rescue operation. A spraying tool connected to the working water supply passage,
The special fire-fighting vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein water is sprayed from the sprayer in the form of a mist.

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