JP4859739B2 - Filter press - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a filter press, in which the thickness of the cake can be easily adjusted by the interval between the filter plates.

  Solid-liquid separation is performed for the detoxification of slurries including factory waste liquid and sludge from various work sites, the liquid is detoxified and drained into rivers as clear water, and harmful solid parts are incinerated landfill. Or are collected and recycled for effective reuse.

  A filter press is used as one of the apparatuses capable of reliably processing such a slurry.

  In this filter press, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 6, a pair of stands 2, 2 are erected on a base 1, and a plurality of filter plates 3, 3 are provided between these stands 2, 2. Are supported so as to be reciprocally movable along the guide rail 4, and a hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided on one stand 2 side so that each filter plate 3 can be brought into a pressed state or a separated state, and is pressed. In the filter chamber formed between the adjacent filter plates 3, 3, the material to be filtered is pumped through the filter cloth, and the solid-liquid separated filtrate is discharged through the drain chute 6, and each filter plate 3. The cake which is dehydrated in the state of being separated is peeled and dropped from the filter cloth to be discharged and removed.

  Each filter plate 3 of such a filter press includes a filter plate body 3a made of a substantially square iron plate, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, and frame members 3b are provided around the front and back of the filter plate body 3a. It is provided in a frame shape, a recess inside the frame member 3b is formed as a filter chamber 3c, and a supply hole 3d for an object to be filtered is provided in the center thereof. A plurality of load supporting bosses 3e are formed in the filter chamber 3c, and the adjacent bosses 3e are brought into contact with each other in a pressed state to support the load.

  The surfaces of the filter plate main body 3a, the frame member 3b, the filter chamber 3c, and the boss 3e are covered with a covering member made of an elastic material (not shown) to prevent such corrosion and adhesion at the time of pressing. Securing and shock mitigation.

  Further, the filter plate 3 is provided with a discharge passage 3f in the filter plate main body 3a for discharging the separated filtrate to the outside, and opens to the surface of the covering member. On the surface of the covering member, there is a net member 3g. And the filtrate between the filter cloth 7 and the filter plate 3 is guided to the discharge path 3f.

The net members 3g provided on both the front and back surfaces of the filter plate 3 are made of synthetic resin or metal and are disposed on a covering member made of an elastic material such as rubber, so that they are usually fixed with an adhesive or the like. Has been done.
International Publication WO2005 / 097288A1

  In such a filter press, the drainage capacity is greatly influenced by the depth of the filter chamber (cake thickness) formed by adjacent filter plates, the pressing pressure, and the type of net member for drainage, and the pressing pressure is usually It is known that the moisture content and volume of the cake are significantly reduced by making the pressure 1.5 to 4 MPa, which greatly contributes to volume reduction.

  In addition, the thickness of the dewatered cake is determined by the depth of the filter chamber, but the moisture content varies depending on the material to be filtered. For example, experimentally, organic sludge cannot reduce the moisture content unless the cake is thinned. However, inorganic sludge such as straw sludge can reduce the moisture content even with a relatively thick cake, and can easily achieve a predetermined moisture content.

  However, in the conventional filter press, when the moisture content is to be adjusted, the depth of the filter chamber must be adjusted by changing the thickness of the frame member of the filter plate. A filter plate must be prepared and cannot be easily dealt with, and there is a problem that at least a plurality of filter plates are required to cope with it.

  In addition, when changing the thickness of the frame part of the filter plate, if the thickness becomes a special thickness that is not in the standard specification material thickness, the processing man-hours increase, the material is wasted, the material is difficult to obtain, etc. Problem arises.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and a filter press that can easily adjust the cake thickness by combining a filter plate with a frame member and a filter plate without a frame member. It is something to be offered.

  The filter press according to claim 1 of the present invention for solving such a problem of the prior art is configured such that a plurality of filter plates are overlapped and pressed, and a filter chamber formed between adjacent filter plates is covered with a filter cloth. A filter press for pumping and dewatering a filtrate, wherein the filter plate is composed of a standard filter plate and a core filter plate interposed between the standard filter plates, and the standard filter plate is disposed around The core filter plate is provided with a frame member, and is provided with a supply hole for the filtration object and a discharge path for the filtrate, and the core filter plate is provided with a supply hole for the filtration object and a discharge path for the filtrate without the surrounding frame member. The cake thickness by the said filter chamber is comprised by the attachment or detachment of the said core filter plate, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to this filter press, a plurality of filter plates are overlapped and pressed, and an object to be filtered is pumped through a filter cloth to a filter chamber formed between adjacent filter plates and dehydrated. The plate is composed of a standard filter plate having a frame member around it, and a core filter plate interposed between the standard filter plates and having no surrounding frame member, and the cake thickness by the filter chamber is determined by attaching and detaching the core filter plate. It is configured to be adjustable, and by sandwiching the core filter plate with respect to the standard cake thickness, the cake thickness can be halved, and if the state sandwiching the core filter plate is the standard cake thickness, By removing the core filter plate, the cake thickness can be doubled, and the standard filter plate can be used in common without preparing multiple filter plates such as two. The cake thickness can be adjusted easily.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the standard filter plate includes a plurality of load supporting boss portions on both inner surfaces of the frame member. It is a feature.

  According to this filter press, the standard filter plate is provided with a plurality of load support boss portions on both inner surfaces of the frame member, and by using the standard filter plate provided with the load support boss portions, the compression pressure It is possible to further increase the strength by uniformly dispersing the load on the.

  Furthermore, the filter press according to claim 3 of the present invention has the drainage channel and the drainage channel formed in the core filter plate as a drainage channel for the filtrate of the core filter plate in addition to the configuration according to claim 1 or 2. It is characterized by comprising.

  According to this filter press, the discharge path of the filtrate of the core filter plate is constituted by the drainage groove and the drainage channel formed in the core filter plate, and the filtrate can be discharged also from the core filter plate. Can be dehydrated efficiently.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a filter press according to the first or second aspect, wherein the filtrate discharge path of the core filter plate is connected to the discharge path of the adjacent standard filter plate. It is composed of holes, and the filtrate can be discharged also from the core filter plate so that it can be efficiently dehydrated.

  Furthermore, the filter press according to claim 5 of the present invention includes the core filter plate of a rubber-lined steel plate, a stainless steel plate, an aluminum plate, and a reinforced plastic plate in addition to the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 4. It is characterized by comprising either.

  According to this filter press, the core filter plate is composed of any one of a rubber-lined steel plate, a stainless steel plate, an aluminum plate, and a reinforced plastic plate. To be able to dehydrate.

  According to the filter press of the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of filter plates are overlapped and pressed, and an object to be filtered is pumped through a filter cloth to a filter chamber formed between adjacent filter plates. In the filter press for dewatering, the filter plate is composed of a standard filter plate and a core filter plate interposed between the standard filter plates, and the standard filter plate includes a frame member around the filter plate and is filtered. The core filter plate has no surrounding frame member, and has a supply hole for the filtered material and a filtrate discharge path, and is provided with the filter chamber. Since the cake thickness can be adjusted by attaching and detaching the core filter plate, sandwiching the core filter plate with respect to the standard cake thickness can reduce the cake thickness by about half. If the standard cake thickness is the state where the filter plate is sandwiched, removing the core filter plate will remove the cake thickness. It can be the approximately doubled.

  Accordingly, the cake thickness can be easily adjusted by using a standard filter plate in common without preparing a plurality of filter plates such as two.

  According to the filter press according to claim 2 of the present invention, the standard filter plate is provided with a plurality of load support boss portions on both inner surfaces of the frame member. By using a standard filter plate, the load with respect to the pressing pressure can be uniformly dispersed to further increase the strength.

  Furthermore, according to the filter press according to claim 3 of the present invention, since the drainage path of the filtrate of the core filter plate is constituted by the drainage groove and drainage channel formed in the core filter plate, the core filter plate Also, the filtrate can be discharged from the water and can be efficiently dehydrated.

  According to the filter press of claim 4 of the present invention, the filtrate discharge path of the core filter plate is constituted by the communication hole connected to the discharge path of the adjacent standard filter plate. The filtrate can also be discharged from the plate and can be efficiently dehydrated.

  Furthermore, according to the filter press according to claim 5 of the present invention, the core filter plate is composed of any one of a rubber-lined steel plate, a stainless steel plate, an aluminum plate, and a reinforced plastic plate. Can be dehydrated using a suitable core filter plate.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 4 relate to an embodiment of the filter press according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the principle when the cake thickness is reduced by using a core filter plate with respect to the standard filter plate, FIG. Is an explanatory diagram of the principle when the cake thickness is increased using a standard filter plate and a core filter plate, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the closed frame dewatering state using the core filter plate and the upper part of the open frame state FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the lower part in the closed frame state and an explanatory view of the drain hole of the core filter plate.

  In the filter press 10 of the present invention, a standard filter plate 11 and a core filter plate 13 for adjusting the cake thickness interposed between the standard filter plates 11 are used as the filter plate.

  The standard filter plate 11 has the same basic structure as the filter plate 3 already described, and includes a filter plate body 11a made of a substantially square iron plate. A frame member 11b is welded or the like around the front and back of the filter plate body 11a. It is provided and has a frame shape, and a recess inside the frame member 11b is a filter chamber 11c. A filter material supply hole 11d is provided at the center of the filter chamber 11c. In addition, the guide part for a slide is abbreviate | omitting illustration.

  In addition, a plurality of load supporting boss portions 11e are formed in the filter chamber 11c (FIGS. 1 and 2 show those having no boss portions). For example, four boss portions 11e are provided, By supporting the boss portions 11e of the adjacent standard filter plates 11 facing each other in a pressed state, or by directly contacting the boss portions 11e to the core filter plate 13, the load is dispersed and supported uniformly. It is.

  Further, in this standard filter plate 11, a discharge path 11f is provided in the lower part of the filter plate main body 11a and the frame member 11b to discharge the separated filtrate to the outside, and the lower end opens to the bottom, and a plurality of upper ends are provided with a plurality of It opens on the surface of the filter chamber 11c through the drainage hole.

  The surfaces of the filter plate body 11a, the frame member 11b, the filter chamber 11c, the supply hole 11d, and the boss portion 11e are covered with a covering member 12 made of an elastic material such as rubber to form a rubber lining. In addition to preventing chemicals and securing chemical resistance, it is intended to ensure adhesion during pressing and to reduce impact, thereby preventing damage to the filter cloth 16 and extending its life.

  The standard filter plate 11 is provided on the surface of the covering member 12 so far and is used to guide the filtrate between the filter cloth 16 (see reference numeral 7 in FIG. 8) and the standard filter plate 11 to the discharge path 11f. Instead of the member 14 (refer to the reference numeral 3g in FIG. 8), the elastic covering member 12 may be provided with drainage grooves so as to communicate with each other, and the groove is formed on the surface of the filter chamber 11c. For example, as in the case of the net member, it is formed in a mesh shape so that the filtrate can be guided to the drainage channel 11f from any part of the filter chamber 11c.

  The core filter plate 13 interposed between the standard filter plates 11 includes a filter plate body 13a made of a substantially square iron plate, and is provided around the front and back by welding or the like. The filter plate main body 13a is formed in a flat plate shape having the same size as the outer shape of the frame member 11b of the standard filter plate 11. The inside of the periphery of the front and back sides of the core filter plate 13 is a flat filter chamber surface 13c, and a supply hole 13d for an object to be filtered is provided at the center of the filter chamber surface 13c. Is not provided with a boss for supporting the load. In this core filter plate 13, the sliding guide portion is not shown.

  Further, in this core filter plate 13, a discharge path 13f is provided in the lower part of the filter plate main body 13a for discharging the separated filtrate to the outside, and the lower end opens at the bottom, and the upper side continuous with the discharge path 13f. It opens on the surface of the filter chamber surface 13c through a plurality of drain holes.

  The surfaces of the filter plate main body 13a, the filter chamber surface 13c, and the supply hole 13d are covered with a covering member 12 made of an elastic material such as rubber to form a rubber lining state (in FIGS. 1 and 2, the covering member is omitted). In addition to preventing these corrosions, ensuring chemical resistance, ensuring adhesion and reducing shock during pressing, the filter cloth 16 is prevented from being damaged and extended its life. .

  In this core filter plate 13 as well, the filtrate between the filter cloth 16 (see reference numeral 7 in FIG. 8) and the standard filter plate 11 or the core filter plate 13 is provided on the surface of the covering member 12 so far. Instead of the net member 14 (refer to reference numeral 3g in FIG. 8) for guiding to the discharge path 13f, the elastic covering member 12 may be provided with drainage grooves so as to communicate with each other. For example, it may be formed on the surface of the filter chamber surface 13c in a mesh shape as in the case of the net member so that the filtrate can be guided from any part of the filter chamber surface 13c to the drainage channel 13f.

  Thus, if the groove part is formed integrally with the elastic covering member 12 such as rubber of the standard filter plate 11 and the core filter plate 13, it is more troublesome than the case where the conventional net member is bonded or bundled. There is no need for work, and a groove for promoting drainage can be easily formed, and drainage performance can be ensured as an optimal groove shape (pattern).

  The core filter plate 13 has been described as an example of a rubber-lined steel plate, but is not limited thereto, and a stainless steel plate, an aluminum plate, a reinforced plastic resin plate, or the like can be used. To choose.

  Further, in the core filter plate 13, as shown in FIG. 4, the drainage channel 13f is formed to drain the filtrate to the outside. However, the drainage channel 13f is not necessarily formed, and FIG. As shown, a drainage communication hole 13g may be provided to drain to the outside so as to be connected to the drainage channel 11f of the standard filter plate 11.

  Next, the adjustment of the cake thickness in the filter press 10 using the standard filter plate 11 and the core filter plate 13 will be specifically described.

  First, in this filter press 10, as shown in FIG. 3, the drainage mesh 14 is disposed on the surface of the filter chamber 11c of the standard filter plate 11, and the boss portion 11e is covered with the mesh fixing ring 15, and fixed. A filter cloth 16 is provided so as to cover the standard filter plates 11 and 11.

When the filter press 10 is used for dewatering with a small cake thickness w with respect to the normal design cake thickness W, as shown in FIG. 1, only the standard filter plate 11 provided with the frame member 11b is used. The filter plate 11 of the filter press 10 is used, and as shown in FIG. 6, a predetermined number of standard filter plates are used as guide rails instead of the filter plate 3 between a pair of stands 2 and 2 erected on the base 1. 4 and a hydraulic cylinder 5 on one side of the stand 2 so that each standard filter plate can be in a pressed state or a separated state. In the filter chamber formed between the filter plates, the object to be filtered is pumped through a filter cloth, and the solid-liquid separated filtrate is discharged through a drain chute 6 while each standard filter plate is separated. The dehydrated cake is peeled off from the filter cloth. To be discharged removal Te.

   By using such standard filter plates 11, 11,..., The cake thickness by the filter chamber 11c can be set to W as shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, when the cake thickness W is reduced to the cake thickness w by the filter press 10, as shown in FIG. 1 (b) and FIG. 3, the surface of the filter chamber 11c of the standard filter plate 11 is drained. The mesh 14 is arranged and fixed so that the mesh fixing ring 15 covers the boss portion 11e, and the core filter plate 13 is sandwiched between the standard filter plates 11 and 11, and the standard filter plate 11 and A state in which the core filter plate 13 is covered with the filter cloth 15 is set to a closed frame state.

  Then, it will be partitioned off by the core filter plate 13 with respect to the filter chamber 11c formed by the standard filter plates 11 and 11 so far, and it becomes a filter chamber having a depth of about 1/2, and the cake thickness w is also set. The thickness can be about ½ (w = about ½ W).

  This cake thickness relationship is based on the case where only the standard filter plate 11 is used as shown in FIG. 1 (a), and when the core filter plate 13 is sandwiched as shown in FIG. 1 (b). The cake thickness can be reduced from W to w, but this relationship is small when the core filter plate 13 is used, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), for example. , The cake thickness can be increased from w to W by removing the core filter plate 13.

  Therefore, according to the filter press 10, the cake thickness can be easily adjusted by using the above-described relationship W ケ ー キ w of the cake thickness.

  Further, in this filter press 10, even when the cake thickness is adjusted to W and w, it is not necessary to prepare two sets of filter plates, and the standard filter plate 11 is also used as a dehydrator with two types of cake thicknesses. By using the core filter plate 13 having a simplified structure compared to the standard filter plate 11, the cost can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, even when only the standard filter plate 11 is used, a standard cake is prepared by changing the thicknesses T and T1 of the front and back frame members 11b. The absolute values of the thickness W and the cake thickness w can be changed.

  Therefore, the cake thickness is determined according to the moisture content required for the material to be filtered, whereby the thickness of the frame member 11b of the standard filter plate 11 may be set, and the cake thickness is adjusted / changed. What is necessary is just to determine whether the state which pinched | interposed the core filter plate 13 is made into a normal operation state or a temporary operation state by the kind of to-be-filtered object, a moisture content, or the manufacturing cost of the required number of filter plates.

  Further, when the filter press 10 is constituted by interposing the core filter plate 13, a large amount of pleats are formed on the filter cloth 16 covering the filter chamber surface 13 c of the core filter plate 13, so that the cake is filtered. By making it adhere to the core filter plate 13 without adhering to the plate 11 side, it can be easily scraped off from the flat filter chamber surface 13c, and the mechanical scraping device can be easily applied.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the filter plate has a substantially square shape has been described as an example. However, the filter plate can be similarly applied to filter plates having other shapes such as a disk shape.

It is principle explanatory drawing in the case of reducing cake thickness using a core filter plate with respect to the standard filter plate concerning one Embodiment of the filter press of this invention. It is principle explanatory drawing in the case of thickening cake thickness using the standard filter board and core filter board concerning one Embodiment of the filter press of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the closed frame dehydration state of the state which uses the core filter plate concerning one Embodiment of the filter press of this invention, and sectional drawing of only the upper part of an open frame state. It is the lower expanded sectional view of the closed frame state concerning one embodiment of the filter press of this invention, and explanatory drawing of the drainage hole of a core filter board. It is a lower part expanded sectional view of the closed frame state concerning other one Embodiment of the filter press of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the filter press to which this invention is applied. It is the partial front view which notched a part of filter plate of the conventional filter press. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a part of filter plate structure of the conventional filter press.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Stand 3, 3 Filter plate 4 Guide rail 5 Hydraulic cylinder 6 Drain chute 7 Filter cloth 10 Filter press 11 Standard filter plate 11a Filter plate main body 11b Frame member 11c Filter chamber 11d Supply hole 11e Boss part 11f Discharge path 12 Elasticity Cover member 13 Core filter plate 13a Filter plate body 13c Filter chamber 13d Supply hole 13f Drain passage 13g Drain communication hole 14 Drain mesh (net member)
15 Mesh fixing ring 16 Filter cloth W, w Cake thickness (for example, W = 2 · w)
T, T1 thickness of frame member

Claims (5)

A filter press that superimposes and presses a plurality of filter plates, presses the material to be filtered through a filter cloth to a filter chamber formed between adjacent filter plates, and dehydrates the filter plate,
The filter plate is composed of a standard filter plate and a core filter plate interposed between the standard filter plates,
The standard filter plate is provided with a frame member around it, and is provided with a supply hole for an object to be filtered and a discharge path for a filtrate,
The core filter plate has no surrounding frame member, and is configured to include a supply hole for an object to be filtered and a discharge path for a filtrate,
A filter press characterized in that the cake thickness by the filter chamber can be adjusted by attaching and detaching the core filter plate.   The filter press according to claim 1, wherein the standard filter plate is provided with a plurality of load supporting boss portions on both inner surfaces of the frame member.   The filter press according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharge path of the filtrate of the core filter plate is constituted by a drainage groove and a drainage channel formed in the core filter plate.   3. The filter press according to claim 1, wherein the discharge path of the filtrate of the core filter plate is constituted by a communication hole connected to the discharge path of the adjacent standard filter plate.   The filter press according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the core filter plate is formed of any one of a rubber-lined steel plate, a stainless steel plate, an aluminum plate, and a reinforced plastic plate.

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