JP4836178B2 - Metallic material having cockroach repellency and structure using the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a metal material having repellent properties against cockroaches and a structure that can effectively exhibit repellent properties of cockroaches using the same.

Metals such as steel have been widely used since ancient times, taking advantage of so-called metal characteristics such as strength, hardness, and heat resistance. In particular, stainless steel rarely generates rust in the normal living environment. For example, in the fields of medical and food, automobiles and home appliances, and building materials and decorations that require beauty. Widely used. However, not only that, but functions other than the original functions of the metal described above are required and have been used more widely by satisfying them. For example, colorful colors and designs that are not inherent to metals have been demanded, and these requirements have been met by painting, and they have been used in various home appliances and household products.

Still, there is a strong demand for functions not found in metals, one of which is repelling or killing unpleasant insects such as cockroaches. Some metals, such as Ag and Cu, exhibit antibacterial properties against bacteria, but are considered to have little effect on insects that are larger than bacteria. In particular, household appliances and communications that are prone to failure such as kitchen equipment and kitchen equipment, food display cases, vending machines, cafeteria interiors, and electrical shorts where intrusion of cockroaches is a problem for hygiene In equipment, the invasion of cockroaches is a big problem.

Conventionally, in response to these issues, in fields where hygiene issues are not significant, such as electrical equipment and communication equipment, the majority of these measures have been left to the extent that the sealing level is increased to prevent entry into the interior, or insecticides are used. It is. At home, insecticides are used, or insecticides are captured by using adhesive sheets or foam adhesives. However, the use of insecticides in commercial kitchens, restaurant industry, food factories, etc. is limited for safety reasons. Inevitably, the main focus is on insecticidal capture with adhesive sheets. Such insecticides and capture agents are already widely available on the market.

Exterminating with insecticides is extremely effective when cockroaches are exposed, and insecticides utilizing the characteristics of cockroaches that eat up to feces are said to have quite high extermination effects. However, its insecticidal effect extends to humans and small animals, and there is a risk that if it causes allergic symptoms or is severe, it will have the same effect as poisoning. For this reason, insecticides that are sprayed or sprayed over a wide area to kill insects by attaching to the body of cockroaches must be rapidly decomposed and rendered harmless, or limited to the use of only fast-breaking drugs. is there. This measure is extremely disadvantageous from the point of controlling cockroaches. Because it is immediately ineffective, even if it is sprayed or sprayed prophylactically, it is less effective, and frequent spraying or spraying to increase the effect increases the risk of phytotoxicity appearing in humans and small animals. On the other hand, it is impossible to increase the sustainability of the insecticidal effect.

On the other hand, in the case of insecticides that are killed by eating cockroaches, it is not always necessary to quickly decompose the effect, but it is necessary for the cockroaches to move to the place where the insecticide is placed and put it in the mouth. Furthermore, there is a high risk that infants and small animals will use it.

In any case, in the case of cockroach extermination by insecticide, the dead body cannot be removed because the location of the cockroach is often inside a device that cannot be touched by human eyes, or in an unreachable space. It may become a source of nutrition (nest), and may be unsanitary. Hygiene problems can cause circuit corrosion and short circuits, even with small electrical equipment.

Thus, extermination with an insecticide is only for cockroaches that have arrived and does not prevent the invasion of cockroaches. Therefore, the problem of hygiene caused by cockroaches is not solved.

Capturing with adhesive sheets has far fewer safety issues than insecticides. However, it is practically impossible to prevent cockroaches from being trapped because it cannot be laid on all necessary surfaces even though it cannot be captured without touching the adhesive sheet. It is also pointed out that the capture efficiency is not necessarily high, and that it is not much different from the capture of what is exposed to the human eye.

By the way, the idea of reducing the number of unpleasant insects such as cockroaches and pupae by not only catching and killing but also suppressing breeding has been proposed mainly by the administrative sector. The effect on moths is being improved by efforts to eliminate unsanitary parts, but the actual situation is that the effects on cockroaches are not improved due to the fact that they can eat anything and live anywhere. Moreover, there are concerns about an increase in the number of inhabitants due to a decrease in temperature drop due to an increase in the temperature of the city, an increase in the sealing of houses, and an increase in suitable habitat due to the spread of electrical equipment.

On the other hand, instead of directly killing or capturing cockroaches, there is an idea to prevent the invasion of cockroaches into, for example, a house or equipment. This is achieved by spraying, spraying, or applying a drug that repels cockroaches in houses and equipment. Since drugs are not insecticides, they are generally safe for small animals such as humans and dogs and cats. Moreover, since many ingredients derived from natural plants exhibit a cockroach repellent effect, various safe and highly effective drugs have been proposed based on plant-derived ingredients. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an essential oil component of a pine family plant or a cockroach repellent mainly composed of a hexane extract thereof, and Patent Document 2 mainly includes an essential oil extracted from cypress needles or a component separated from the essential oil. A cockroach repellent as an ingredient is disclosed.

JP-A-5-213710 JP-A-8-048607

In addition, extract components from cedar needles and fentil alcohol contained in many trees are known.
All of these drugs are applied to and sprayed on parts that require repelling,
It is proposed to apply by dipping, pouring, spraying or spraying. In addition, this method does not kill cockroaches, so there are few cases where dead bodies remain in places other than the habitat, so it is a local but sanitary method. These drugs have been shown to have the same effect regardless of the type of cockroach (for example, German cockroach, black cockroach, Japanese cockroach, American cockroach).

As described above, conventional cockroach extermination is usually performed by using a similar material such as a drug or an adhesive sheet, and the cockroach is killed on equipment, equipment members, or the component material itself. It did not get rid of it by giving it the ability to avoid it.

Recently, among various materials, materials with an antibacterial function that suppresses the growth of bacteria can be seen. As for metal materials, not only Ag and Cu described above, but also Patent Document 3 discloses antibacterial stainless steel containing Cu in stainless steel, and Patent Document 4 similarly describes antibacterial stainless steel containing Ag in stainless steel. Steel has been proposed.

JP 08-060302 A JP-A-11-264057

Moreover, as shown in Patent Documents 5 and 6, porous ceramics are attached to the surface of the plating layer by dispersion plating, and an inorganic or organic antibacterial agent is supported thereon, thereby making any metal antibacterial. It is disclosed that it can be granted

JP-A-6-010191 JP 7-228999 A

However, these antibacterial metal materials, like Ag and Cu described above, have an antibacterial function against bacteria and bacteria, but they have a repellent effect and insecticide against cockroaches that are larger than bacteria. The effect is not recognized.

The present invention, without forming a structure to hold the drug or a structure to spray,
The object is to provide a metal material having repellent properties of cockroaches. Another object of the present invention is to provide a metal material that can create an environment for avoiding cockroaches without special consideration in terms of the structure that holds the medicine when the casing or structure of the device is constructed.

In general, it is almost impossible for metal materials to hold other substances only on the metal surface. Of course, the substance or a substance having the same function can be attached to the surface by reacting with or binding to a metal or an oxide inevitably present on the metal surface. The possibility that a substance having a function can react with a metal or a metal oxide is very small. For example, even if the reaction is possible, it is highly possible that the characteristics change as a result of the reaction and the desired function cannot be exhibited. As a result, it is very rare to impart or adhere functional materials to metal surfaces by reaction.

In terms of structure, if you take a structure like a medicine tray, you can expect the desired effect by storing a drug that has cockroach repellency there, but it is not possible in a narrow place where cockroaches such as caulking are likely to live. Is possible. There are many problems to be solved, such as kitchen equipment, electrical equipment, and communication equipment, which are not necessarily impossible, but the equipment must be made larger, and there is no degree of freedom in structure and restrictions on design. .

Choosing a special metal species for a metal material that repels cockroaches would neglect a structural material aspect that emphasizes cockroach repellency,
Or we thought that it would be spoiled for the low-function cockroach repellency, so we decided that this idea was not appropriate. Therefore, we aimed to combine existing metal materials with drugs with optimal cockroach repellency.
Drugs having cockroach repellency are often volatile liquids. As described above, it is impossible to hold a liquid substance on a metal surface for a long time. Further, although it is not impossible to bind to a surface metal or an unavoidable oxide existing on the surface by chemical reaction, it cannot be said that any drug or metal is possible.

Therefore, the present inventors have conceived that porous particles capable of holding a liquid substance are dispersed in a metal and a liquid drug is carried in the pores of the particles. The adhesion or adsorption of the liquid substance naturally occurs on the metal surface. However, the surface area of the metal is not significantly different from the macro area, and the adsorption area is small, and the possibility of falling off due to surface wear is high. Therefore, it is expected that the liquid substance cannot be retained for a long time. However, by adsorbing the porous fine particles dispersed and arranged in the metal, a large amount of material can be retained, and at the same time, the fear of falling off due to wear or the like is greatly reduced, and long-term retention is possible.

The method of disposing the porous particles on the metal surface is not particularly limited, but as one of the methods, when performing metal plating, the porous particles are dispersed in the plating solution and taken into the plating film. Examples include dispersion plating. Even with normal plating,
Slightly fine particulate impurities mixed in the plating solution may adhere in a state of being embedded in the plating metal film, and such a phenomenon has generally been avoided as a plating defect. One of the implementation methods of the present invention is to actively utilize this phenomenon that has been avoided in the past.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a porous fine particle made of an inorganic material having a maximum diameter of 50 μm or less is an area with respect to the surface of the plated metal. Is dispersed in the plated metal at a rate of 1% to 30%,
A metal material having cockroach repellency, characterized in that a drug or essential oil having cockroach repellency is carried in the pores of porous fine particles, is provided.
Preferably, the drug or essential oil is a drug or essential oil containing a plant extract component or a component represented by the same chemical formula as a plant-derived component as a main component (Claim 2).
Moreover, in a box-shaped structure or case molded using the metal material,
A box-like structure or housing having a surface carrying a cockroach repellent drug disposed on the inner surface side is provided. Furthermore, in the structure formed by bending using the metal material, a structure is provided in which the surface carrying the cockroach repellent agent is bent to the inner side (Claim 4).

According to the present invention, the cockroach repellent agent which is a liquid substance is supported on the porous fine particles, and the porous fine particles are dispersed in the plating metal. In addition, the porous fine particles are dispersed in the plated metal at an area ratio of 1% or more and 30% or less with respect to the surface of the plated metal. A metal material that effectively exhibits cockroach repellency while being held will be provided. Furthermore, since the maximum diameter of the porous fine particles is 50 μm or less, when a metal material such as bending is processed, the plating does not crack, and the porous fine particles do not fall off. A metal material that retains the properties will be provided.
In addition, since the cockroach repellent drug is carried on porous fine particles, which are inorganic materials, it does not react with the particles, and there is an effect that conventionally known drugs and essential oils can be used as they are.
Thus, according to the present invention, a cockroach repellent drug can be held on the metal surface. Since the cockroach repellent function can be added to the surface of the metal material, it is possible to exert the function to every corner of the structure evenly, compared with the case where the cockroach repellent function is given by spraying from the outside of the structure. It is. For example, it is difficult to spray or apply a cockroach repellent to a gap portion or a caulking inner portion where cockroaches tend to live. However, when a metal material imparted with cockroach repellency according to the present invention is used, both the inside of the gap and the inner part of the caulking exhibit the cockroach repellency.

Since the metal material of the present invention exhibits a repellent effect rather than an insecticidal effect, cockroaches are not allowed to die inside equipment or structures using the metal material according to the present invention and remain dead. Hygiene is unlikely to occur. Among the materials of the present invention, materials that use plant-derived ingredients for cockroach repellent drugs have few safety issues and can be used for food-related equipment and structures such as kitchens and food display cases. It is. In addition, the metal material according to the present invention is a material that is extremely low in risk of onset of allergic symptoms and poisoning that are concerned when insecticides are sprayed or sprayed.

The metal material having repellent properties of the present invention needs to be coated with a metal such as dispersion plating, but can be applied to any metal material including steel. There is no need to change any technology or method. Rather, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to be aware of the presence or absence of cockroach repellency when processing.
As described above, the present invention has a great effect on the food industry and the restaurant industry that require stricter hygiene. Furthermore, since it is easy to secure a safe and hygienic life, it has a great effect on improving the comfortable life of the people.

The present inventors have conceived coating of a metal coating that disperses and holds particles as a means for arranging a large number of porous particles capable of supporting a liquid cockroach repellent drug or the like on the metal surface. Of course, the same effect can be expected even when dispersed throughout the metal rather than the film, but the particles embedded inside are not effective in carrying the drug of the present invention and are wasted, so they are dispersed only in the surface layer. Decided to place. Based on this idea, it was decided to disperse the porous fine particles carrying the agent or the essential oil having repellent properties of cockroaches in the plated metal.

The porous fine particles are made of porous ceramics made of a non-conductive inorganic material because there is a need to eliminate the concern of causing different metal contact corrosion with the plating metal and the metal of the base material. The inorganic material may be a natural mineral or an artificial synthetic mineral. As long as it has a large micro surface area that can easily carry a large amount of a drug exhibiting cockroach repellency, its type and structure are not limited. For example, natural or artificial synthetic oxides such as zeolite, silica gel, Kaolinite, magnesia, alumina, titania, zirconia, silicon carbide, activated carbon, etc.
Moreover, these composites represented by silica-alumina are mentioned.

When the diameter of the porous fine particles exceeds 50 μm in the exposed area of the surface, there is a concern that when metal is bent or plastically processed, cracks may occur or peeling may occur from that point. The upper limit was set because it would fall off due to difficult processing and the effect would be lost. In the case of fine particles having a very small size, although there is a drawback that they are easily covered with the coating metal, since there is no adverse effect on the loading of the drug or the like, the lower limit of the size is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 100 nm or more. If it is too small, it will be covered with the plating metal and will not be exposed on the surface of the plating metal, or it will be agglomerated in the plating metal because it is too small, it will not be distributed and will not function. This is because there is a possibility that it will end.

The area ratio of the porous fine particles exposed on the surface of the plated metal (ratio of the area of the porous fine particles to the surface of the plated metal) is an extremely important quality index for stably functioning. The lower limit of the level is different depending on the type of drug and the like where the cockroach repellent is used and the place where the material is used. However, the supported effect does not appear unless the area ratio of the exposed portion is 1% or more. The effect of cockroach repellency due to the drug to be carried is presumed to increase as the area ratio of the exposed porous fine particles increases. However, when the ratio exceeds 30%, the metal plating film is characteristic as a metal. In addition to degrading the workability, it also hinders the texture of the metal, so 30% was made the upper limit.

The metal plating film for dispersing and holding the porous fine particles is not limited at all in the present invention, but is commonly used for single metal plating of Ni, Cr, Cu, Zn, Sn, and Pb, which are widely used. Moreover, alloy plating which has 1 type or 1 type or more of these as a main component is illustrated. Further, the effect of the present invention is recognized even in Pb-free solder alloy plating containing appropriate amounts of Bi and Ag among Cu-Sn alloys.

Since the thickness of the plating layer may be any thickness that can support the porous fine particles, there is no problem as long as the thickness is equal to or larger than the maximum size of the porous fine particles to be dispersed.
Of course, even if the thickness is less than the maximum size of the porous fine particles, the porous particles can be retained and the effect of the present invention is recognized. However, there remains a defect that large porous fine particles are easily dropped.

As a drug having cockroach repellent properties, almost all known drugs are applicable. In addition, it is preferable that it is a chemical | medical agent or essential oil containing the component shown by the same chemical formula as a plant-derived component or a plant-derived component as a main component as mentioned later.
A method of supporting the porous fine particles can also be performed by a conventionally known method. For example, it is possible to immerse a metal material in which porous particles are dispersed and plated in a liquid drug having cockroach repellent property or leave it in the vapor. Further, it can be supported in a powder state before dispersion plating, or can be supported on a metal plating surface after plating.

The site for carrying a drug having dispersion plating or cockroach repellency can be freely selected according to its use and the required level of efficacy. That is, there is no problem even if the entire surface of the metal material is implemented or locally. For example, in the case of electrical equipment, cockroaches inhabit the inside of the equipment, and feces and carcasses remain, leading to accidents and breakdowns such as shorts. There are many cases. Therefore, the purpose can be achieved by using a material imparted with cockroach repellency only in the inside of the device.

By the way, depending on the type of a drug having cockroach repellency, there is a risk of affecting all humans and small animals such as allergic symptoms. In the case of a device that has little contact with humans and small animals and is isolated, a wide variety of drugs that exhibit the repellent properties of cockroaches to be carried can be selected. However, since the material of the present invention always volatilizes from the surface, it is desirable that the influence on peripheral devices as well as humans and small animals is as small as possible. Special attention needs to be paid to the use in kitchen equipment, the restaurant industry, and household equipment that require sanitation attention.
In view of this point, drugs that have been extracted from plants that have existed since ancient times and have been confirmed to be safe have been used as drugs that exhibit repellent properties of cockroaches, and drugs that are mainly derived from plants. By doing so, a safe and highly exchangeable material is provided. That is, the drug or essential oil having repellent properties of cockroaches carried on the porous fine particles is preferably a drug or essential oil containing a plant extract component or a component represented by the same chemical formula as the plant-derived component.

As plant extract components showing repellent properties of cockroaches, the essential oil components of the above-mentioned Pinaceae plants, essential oils extracted from cypress needles, extract components from cedar needles and fentil alcohol contained in many trees are known, It is applicable to the present invention. Further, as a drug or essential oil having the same chemical formula as the plant-derived component and showing cockroach repellency, Δcaren, myrcene, α-terpinene, and the like are known and can also be applied to the present invention. In the present invention, these are singly or mixedly carried and embodied, but the drug and the like are not limited thereto.
Moreover, even if there is no direct effect on cockroach repellency, for example, if there is a request to add a scent, there is no problem in carrying a medicine or an essential oil that emits the scent together.

The metal material having repellent properties of the present invention exhibits an effect by volatilization of a drug having repellent properties on the surface. Therefore, it is not optimal to use the metal material of the present invention in a well-ventilated region. Rather, if the ventilation is poor and it is applied to a portion where the air is stagnant, the volatilized agent having repellent properties of cockroaches will remain concentrated, and the effect will be significant. That is, in the box-shaped structure or casing molded using the above-described metal material, the box-shaped structure or casing in which the surface carrying the cockroach repellent agent is arranged on the inner surface side is preferable. In a structure that is formed by bending using a metal material, a structure that is bent with the surface carrying the cockroach repellent agent on the inner surface side is preferable.
In the case of electrical equipment and communication equipment, cockroaches inhabit the equipment and cause various failures. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the invasion of cockroaches into the equipment, and it is desirable to provide cockroach repellency mainly in the equipment. For such applications, if the metal material of the present invention is used and a box-like structure or case is formed with the surface carrying the drug on the inner surface side of the device, the inside of the case with poor ventilation will be formed. The volatilized drug is concentrated and the cockroach repellency can be more effectively exhibited.
Cockroaches often live in narrow areas such as gaps. Therefore, it is desirable to control cockroaches so that cockroaches do not invade closed areas formed by bending, such as caulking parts. For such applications, the metal material of the present invention is used, and the surface carrying the drug is bent toward the inner surface side of the device, so that the concentration of the drug volatilized on the inner surface of the bending, such as the inside of the caulking where the ventilation is not good, remains. And cockroach repellency can be more effectively exhibited.

Examples 1-6, Comparative Examples 1-4:
An approximately 5 μm thick Ni plating was applied to a 0.5 mm thick stainless steel plate. At that time, zeolite fine particles having a nominal mode value of 5 to 50 μm were dispersed in the plating solution and subjected to dispersion plating. The dispersion area was changed to a maximum of about 35% by controlling the amount of fine zeolite particles. After plating, after heating at about 150 ° C., the chemicals or essential oils having various cockroach repellent functions shown in Table 1 were applied to adsorb these chemicals in the micropores of the zeolite. After the application, the surface was washed with ethanol, and the drug remaining on the surface was wiped off. Non-dispersed Ni-plated steel plate used for comparison (Comparative Example 1
) Also performed the same procedure. The workability was evaluated by performing t / 2 bending with the plated surface outside, and observing the bending vertex with the naked eye and a low-magnification optical microscope.

Cockroach repellency was evaluated by the ratio of the presence or absence of passage of cockroaches by placing a comparison material on one side of the passage and a test piece on the other side in a black cockroach breeding room divided into two rooms and connected by two passages. The ratio obtained by dividing the difference between the number of cockroaches passing through the passage where the comparative material was placed and the number of cockroaches passing through the passage where the test material was placed by the total number of passages of the cockroach was defined as the cockroach repellency.

In this evaluation method, when the value of cockroach repellency is +, it is evaluated as having repellency, and when it is −, it is evaluated as having attraction.

From Examples 1 to 6, it was found that, in addition to excellent cockroach repellency, a good metal material can be obtained by bending.
On the other hand, from Comparative Example 2, it was found that the workability was inferior when the maximum diameter of the porous fine particles exceeded 50 μm. Further, from Comparative Example 3, it was found that the repelling rate was inferior when the area ratio of the porous fine particles to the surface of the plated metal was less than 1%, and the workability was inferior when exceeding 30%.

Example 8, Comparative Example 5:
Using the metal materials of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1, a cubic housing having sides of about 50 mm was prepared by bending and screwing. In the bending process, both the inner side and the outer side of the drug carrying surface were prepared. However, it was made possible to observe one surface of the cube using a transparent PVC instead of a metal material. A post-shaped hole of about 10 mm × 50 mm was made at the end of one of the surfaces intersecting with the opposite surface of the PVC surface. The metal material according to the present invention, which is a raw material, was left in the room in the atmosphere for one month after the supporting treatment, and then subjected to processing.
Inside this enclosure, cockroach food was placed and placed in a breeding box inhabited by black cockroaches and observed for about 1 hour. As a result, cockroaches immediately invaded the case using the metal of Comparative Example 1, but cockroaches did not enter the case bent with the drug-carrying surface in the metal of Example 2, and the cockroaches. The repellency was confirmed. At first, cockroaches did not approach or enter into the case bent with the drug carrying surface of the metal of Example 2, but invading cockroaches began to appear over time, and the inside of the case was repelled by cockroaches. It was confirmed that there was no property or insufficient.

Claims (4)

A metal material obtained by plating a surface of a base metal with a plating metal,
Porous fine particles made of an inorganic material with a maximum diameter of 50 μm or less are dispersed in the plated metal at an area ratio of 1% to 30% with respect to the surface of the plated metal, and cockroaches are placed in the pores of the porous fine particles. A metal material having cockroach repellency, characterized by carrying a drug or essential oil having repellency. The metal material having cockroach repellent properties according to claim 1, wherein the drug or essential oil is a drug or essential oil containing a plant extract component or a component represented by the same chemical formula as a plant-derived component as a main component. A box-like structure or casing formed using the metal material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a surface carrying a cockroach repellent agent is arranged on the inner surface side. 3. A structure formed by bending using the metal material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure carrying the cockroach repellent drug is bent on the inner surface side.