JP4834016B2 - Phosphorus extract recovery method and phosphorus extract recovery device - Google Patents
Phosphorus extract recovery method and phosphorus extract recovery device Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims description 153
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 153
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 151
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 221
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 126
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002978 Vinylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- DJFBJKSMACBYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphane;hydrate Chemical compound O.P DJFBJKSMACBYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Description
本発明は、リンが溶解した溶液から不溶性成分を除去してリン抽出液を回収するリン抽出液の回収方法及びリン抽出液の回収装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a phosphorus extract recovery method and a phosphorus extract recovery apparatus that recovers a phosphorus extract by removing insoluble components from a solution in which phosphorus is dissolved.
近年、リン資源の枯渇が懸念されリン回収技術が注目されている。下水や下水汚泥はリンを含むため、各種のリン回収技術が開発、実用化されている。なかでも、下水汚泥等のようなリン含有汚泥の焼却灰からリンを回収する技術は、リン資源の回収と焼却灰の有効利用の観点から有望視されている。 In recent years, phosphorus recovery technology has attracted attention due to concerns over depletion of phosphorus resources. Since sewage and sewage sludge contain phosphorus, various phosphorus recovery technologies have been developed and put to practical use. Among them, the technology for recovering phosphorus from incineration ash of phosphorus-containing sludge such as sewage sludge is promising from the viewpoint of recovery of phosphorus resources and effective use of incineration ash.
焼却灰からリンを回収するには、焼却灰中のリンを薬剤で抽出する必要があり、抽出方法としては、硫酸、塩酸、硝酸等の強酸性溶液を用いて抽出する方法（例えば、下記特許文献１〜５）や、苛性ソーダ水溶液等のような強アルカリ性溶液を用いて抽出する方法（例えば、下記特許文献６〜８）が知られている。強酸性溶液や強アルカリ性溶液を用いることで、リンを含有する汚泥の焼却灰から、効率よくリンを抽出することができる。 In order to recover phosphorus from the incineration ash, it is necessary to extract the phosphorus in the incineration ash with a chemical. As an extraction method, a method using a strongly acidic solution such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid (for example, the following patent) Documents 1 to 5) and methods of extraction using a strong alkaline solution such as an aqueous caustic soda solution (for example, Patent Documents 6 to 8 below) are known. By using a strong acidic solution or a strong alkaline solution, phosphorus can be efficiently extracted from the incineration ash of sludge containing phosphorus.
そして、焼却灰中のリンを薬剤中に抽出した後、焼却灰と薬剤とを含む混合液を固液分離して焼却灰などの不溶性分を除去し、回収したリン抽出液に、消石灰（水酸化カルシウム）などを加えてリン化合物として析出させるようにして、焼却灰からリンを回収している。
リンを含有する汚泥の焼却灰から、リンを高純度でかつ効率よく回収するには、焼却灰中のリンを溶出させたリン抽出液と、焼却灰などの不溶性成分とを含む混合液を固液分離して、不溶性成分の混入の少ない清澄なリン抽出液を効率的に回収する必要がある。固液分離する方法としては、例えば、遠心分離、ろ過による方法がある。
しかしながら、遠心分離による方法では、遠心分離機は設備コストが高いという問題があった。また、遠心分離機の作動には、回転エネルギーを要するので、運転コストがかかるという問題があった。さらには、遠心分離では、固形分回収率が低く、回収された抽出液中に数百ｍｇ／Ｌ程度の焼却灰が混入するため、最終製品として得られるリン化合物の商品価値が損なわれる問題があった。
In order to recover phosphorus with high purity and efficiency from incinerated ash of sludge containing phosphorus, a mixed liquid containing a phosphorus extract eluting phosphorus in the incinerated ash and insoluble components such as incinerated ash is solidified. It is necessary to efficiently recover a clear phosphorus extract containing little insoluble components by liquid separation. As a method for solid-liquid separation, for example, there are methods by centrifugation and filtration.
However, in the method using centrifugation, the centrifuge has a problem that the equipment cost is high. Moreover, since the rotational energy is required for the operation of the centrifuge, there is a problem that the operation cost is high. Furthermore, in the centrifugal separation, the solid content recovery rate is low, and incineration ash of about several hundred mg / L is mixed in the recovered extract, so that the commercial value of the phosphorus compound obtained as a final product is impaired. there were.
また、ろ過による固液分離方法では、固液分離を効率的に行うことが困難で、工業的なリン回収工程には適用しにくかった。 In addition, the solid-liquid separation method by filtration is difficult to perform solid-liquid separation efficiently, and is difficult to apply to an industrial phosphorus recovery process.
また、上記特許文献８には、フィルタープレスによるろ布を用いたろ過が開示されている。しかしながら、フィルタープレスは、バッチ操作の運転となるため、目的とするリン抽出液を得るために長時間を要する結果、設備が大きくなり設備コストが高くなるという問題があった。また、ろ布が目詰まりし易く、高圧水での頻繁な洗浄を必要とし維持管理が面倒で運転コストも高くなる問題があった。すなわち、フィルタープレスは固形分の汚泥を得ることを目的とした固液分離装置であることから、液体であるリン抽出液を得ることを目的とした操作には不適であり、リン抽出液を得るには効率が悪く、処理に時間を要し、高コストとなる問題があった。 Moreover, the said patent document 8 discloses the filtration using the filter cloth by a filter press. However, since the filter press is operated as a batch operation, it takes a long time to obtain the target phosphorus extract, resulting in a problem that the equipment becomes large and the equipment cost becomes high. Further, there is a problem that the filter cloth is easily clogged, requires frequent washing with high-pressure water, is troublesome to maintain, and increases the operation cost. That is, since the filter press is a solid-liquid separator intended to obtain a solid sludge, it is not suitable for an operation intended to obtain a liquid phosphorus extract, and a phosphorus extract is obtained. However, there is a problem that the efficiency is low, the processing takes time, and the cost is high.
また、強酸性溶液や強アルカリ性溶液を用いて、焼却灰からリンの抽出を行った場合、化学的な腐食や材料劣化がきわめて生じ易い条件であるため、リン抽出液と、リン抽出後の焼却灰を含む不溶性成分とを分離する技術の開発はこれまで充分になされていないのが現状であった。 In addition, when phosphorus is extracted from incineration ash using a strong acid solution or a strong alkaline solution, chemical corrosion and material deterioration are extremely likely to occur. Therefore, the phosphorus extract and incineration after phosphorus extraction At present, the technology for separating insoluble components including ash has not been sufficiently developed.
したがって、本発明の目的は、リンを含有する汚泥の焼却灰から、低コストで、効率よく、清澄なリン抽出液を回収するリン抽出液の回収方法及びリン抽出液の回収装置を提供することである。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a phosphorus extraction liquid recovery method and a phosphorus extraction liquid recovery apparatus that recovers a clean phosphorus extraction liquid efficiently and efficiently from incinerated ash of sludge containing phosphorus. It is.
上記目的を達成するため、本発明のリン抽出液の回収方法は、リンを含有する汚泥の焼却灰に、強酸性溶液又は強アルカリ性溶液を加えてリンを溶解させるリン溶解工程と、リンが溶解した溶液と不溶性成分との混合液から不溶性成分を除去してリン抽出液を回収する固液分離工程と、を含むリン抽出液の回収方法であって、前記固液分離工程において、前記混合液をろ過するためのろ布を備えたろ過板と、前記混合液中の不溶性成分を堆積させる汚泥堆積部と、この汚泥堆積部に堆積した不溶性成分を排出する排出手段を有する固液分離槽を２槽用い、一方の固液分離槽では、前記ろ過板の前記ろ布で仕切られた一次側に前記混合液を供給して、前記ろ布の一次側表面に前記混合液中の不溶性成分による層を形成させた状態でろ過処理を行い、前記ろ布で仕切られた二次側からリン抽出液を回収するろ過処理を行うと共に、他方の固液分離槽では、前記汚泥堆積部に堆積した不溶性成分を前記排出手段によって排出する排出処理を行い、次いで、所定時間経過後に、ろ過処理を行っていた一方の固液分離槽中の混合液を、排出処理を行っていた他方の固液分離槽に導入し、前記他方の固液分離槽で前記ろ過処理を行うと共に、前記一方の固液分離槽で前記排出処理を行う、という操作を繰り返すことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the method for recovering a phosphorus extract of the present invention includes a phosphorus dissolution step in which a strong acidic solution or a strong alkaline solution is added to the incinerated ash of sludge containing phosphorus to dissolve the phosphorus, and phosphorus is dissolved. And a solid-liquid separation step of recovering the phosphorus extract by removing the insoluble component from the mixed solution of the solution and the insoluble component, wherein in the solid-liquid separation step, the mixed solution A solid-liquid separation tank having a filter plate provided with a filter cloth for filtering water, a sludge depositing part for depositing insoluble components in the mixed solution, and a discharge means for discharging the insoluble components deposited in the sludge depositing part. Two tanks are used, and in one solid-liquid separation tank, the mixed liquid is supplied to the primary side partitioned by the filter cloth of the filter plate, and the primary side surface of the filter cloth is caused by insoluble components in the mixed liquid. Perform filtration with the layer formed A discharge process for collecting the phosphorus extract from the secondary side partitioned by the filter cloth and discharging the insoluble components deposited in the sludge depositing section by the discharge means in the other solid-liquid separation tank Then, after a predetermined time has elapsed, the mixed liquid in the one solid-liquid separation tank that has been subjected to the filtration treatment is introduced into the other solid-liquid separation tank that has been subjected to the discharge treatment, and the other solid-liquid separation is performed. The filtration process is performed in a tank, and the discharge process is repeated in the one solid-liquid separation tank.
本発明のリン抽出液の回収方法によれば、固液分離槽を２槽用い、一方の固液分離槽では、リン抽出液とリン抽出後の焼却灰とを含む混合液のろ過処理を行い、他方の固液分離槽では、汚泥堆積部に堆積した不溶性成分を排出する排出処理行い、次いで、所定時間経過後に、ろ過処理を行っていた一方の固液分離槽中の混合液を、排出処理を行っていた他方の固液分離槽に導入し、前記他方の固液分離槽で前記ろ過処理を行うと共に、前記一方の固液分離槽で前記排出処理を行う、という操作を繰り返すようにしたので、混合液をほぼ連続してろ過処理することができ、連続的にリン抽出液を回収できる。また、ろ過処理を行っていた固液分離槽中の混合液を、排出処理を行っていた固液分離槽に導入してろ過処理を行うようにしたので、リン抽出液を含む未ろ過の混合液を汚泥と共に排出することなく、ろ過処理することができ、リン抽出液の回収率が高い。そして、ろ過処理では、リン抽出液とリン抽出後の焼却灰とを含む混合液を、ろ布を備えたろ過板の一次側に通水させて、該ろ布の一次側表面に混合液中の不溶性成分による層を形成させた状態でろ過処理を行うので、ろ布の一次側表面に形成させた不溶性成分による層がフィルターとして機能し、ろ過板の二次側から、焼却灰などの不溶性成分の混入が少ない、極めて清澄なリン抽出液を効率よく回収することができる。 According to the method for recovering a phosphorus extract of the present invention, two solid-liquid separation tanks are used, and in one solid-liquid separation tank, the mixed liquid containing the phosphorus extract and the incinerated ash after phosphorus extraction is filtered. In the other solid-liquid separation tank, a discharge process is performed to discharge insoluble components accumulated in the sludge accumulation section, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, the mixed liquid in one solid-liquid separation tank that has been subjected to the filtration process is discharged. It is introduced into the other solid-liquid separation tank that has been treated, the filtration process is performed in the other solid-liquid separation tank, and the discharge process is performed in the one solid-liquid separation tank. Therefore, the mixed solution can be filtered almost continuously, and the phosphorus extract can be continuously recovered. In addition, since the mixed liquid in the solid-liquid separation tank that had been subjected to the filtration treatment was introduced into the solid-liquid separation tank that had been subjected to the discharge treatment, and the filtration treatment was performed, unfiltered mixing including the phosphorus extract was performed. The liquid can be filtered without being discharged together with the sludge, and the recovery rate of the phosphorus extract is high. In the filtration treatment, the mixed solution containing the phosphorus extract and the incinerated ash after the phosphorus extraction is passed through the primary side of the filter plate provided with the filter cloth, and the mixed solution is added to the primary surface of the filter cloth. Because the filtration process is performed in a state where a layer of insoluble components is formed, the layer of insoluble components formed on the primary side surface of the filter cloth functions as a filter, and insoluble ash and other insolubles from the secondary side of the filter plate. An extremely clear phosphorus extract containing little components can be efficiently recovered.
本発明のリン抽出液の回収方法は、前記ろ過処理を行う固液分離槽内の混合液を、ろ過処理を開始する前に攪拌することが好ましい。混合液中の不溶性成分は沈降し易いので、固液分離槽に供給した混合液の不溶性成分の濃度が低い場合、ろ布の一次側表面に溶液中の不溶性成分による層を形成する際に時間を要することがあるが、ろ過処理を開始する前に、混合液を攪拌することで、不溶性成分の沈降を防止できる。このため、ろ布の一次側表面に溶液中の不溶性成分による層を短時間で形成でき、効率よくリン抽出液を回収できる。 In the method for recovering the phosphorus extract of the present invention, it is preferable to stir the mixed liquid in the solid-liquid separation tank for performing the filtration before starting the filtration. Since insoluble components in the mixed solution easily settle, when the concentration of insoluble components in the mixed solution supplied to the solid-liquid separation tank is low, it takes time to form a layer of insoluble components in the solution on the primary surface of the filter cloth. However, it is possible to prevent sedimentation of insoluble components by stirring the mixed solution before starting the filtration treatment. For this reason, the layer by the insoluble component in a solution can be formed in a short time on the primary surface of a filter cloth, and a phosphorus extract can be efficiently recovered.
一方、本発明のリン抽出液の回収装置は、リンを含有する汚泥の焼却灰に、強酸性溶液又は強アルカリ性溶液を加えてリンを溶解させることにより形成された、リンが溶解した溶液と不溶性成分との混合液から、不溶性成分を除去してリン抽出液を回収するためのリン抽出液の回収装置であって、ろ布によって、前記混合液を供給する一次側と、該混合液のろ液を受ける二次側とに仕切られ、ろ布の一次側表面に前記混合液中の不溶性成分による層を形成させた状態でろ過処理を行うように構成されたろ過板と、ろ過処理中に前記混合液中の不溶性成分を堆積させる汚泥堆積部と、前記汚泥堆積部に堆積した前記不溶性成分を排出する排出手段とを有する固液分離槽を２槽備え、各固液分離槽中の混合液を、他の固液分離槽に相互に導入する手段を有し、２槽の固液分離槽にて、前記混合液のろ過処理と、前記不溶性成分の排出処理とを交互に行うと共に、ろ過処理を行っていた固液分離槽中の混合液を、排出処理を行っていた固液分離槽に導入して、前記処理を切り替えるように構成されていることを特徴とする。 On the other hand, the phosphorus extract recovery apparatus of the present invention is insoluble in the phosphorus-dissolved solution formed by adding a strong acidic solution or a strong alkaline solution to the incineration ash of the sludge containing phosphorus and dissolving the phosphorus. A phosphorus extract recovery device for recovering a phosphorus extract by removing insoluble components from a mixture with components, comprising a primary side for supplying the mixture by a filter cloth, and a filter for the mixture A filtration plate configured to perform filtration in a state in which a layer of insoluble components in the mixed solution is formed on the primary side surface of the filter cloth, and a secondary side that receives the liquid; Two solid-liquid separation tanks having a sludge accumulation part for depositing insoluble components in the mixed liquid and a discharge means for discharging the insoluble components deposited in the sludge accumulation part are provided, and mixing in each solid-liquid separation tank Introduce liquid to other solid-liquid separation tank The liquid mixture in the solid-liquid separation tank having a stage and alternately performing the filtration process of the mixed liquid and the discharging process of the insoluble component in the two-liquid solid-liquid separation tank Is introduced into a solid-liquid separation tank that has been subjected to a discharge process, and the process is switched.
本発明のリン抽出液の回収装置によれば、２槽の固液分離槽にて、混合液のろ過処理と、不溶性成分の排出処理とを交互に行うと共に、ろ過処理を行っていた固液分離槽中の混合液を、排出処理を行っていた固液分離槽に導入して、前記処理を切り替えるように構成されているので、リン抽出液を含む未ろ過の混合液を汚泥と共に排出せずに済み、混合液からのリン抽出液を効率よく回収できる。そして、ろ過処理では、リン抽出液とリン抽出後の焼却灰とを含む混合液を、ろ布を備えたろ過板の一次側に通水させて、該ろ布の一次側表面に混合液中の不溶性成分による層を形成させた状態でろ過処理を行うので、ろ布の一次側表面に形成させた不溶性成分による層がフィルターとして機能し、ろ過板の二次側から、焼却灰などの不溶性成分の混入が少ない、極めて清澄なリン抽出液を効率よく回収することができる。 According to the phosphorus extract recovery apparatus of the present invention, the solid-liquid that has been subjected to the filtration process alternately with the filtration process of the mixed solution and the discharge process of the insoluble components in the two solid-liquid separation tanks. Since the liquid mixture in the separation tank is introduced into the solid-liquid separation tank where the discharge process has been performed and the process is switched, the unfiltered liquid mixture containing the phosphorus extract is discharged together with the sludge. The phosphorus extract from the mixed solution can be efficiently recovered. In the filtration treatment, the mixed solution containing the phosphorus extract and the incinerated ash after the phosphorus extraction is passed through the primary side of the filter plate provided with the filter cloth, and the mixed solution is added to the primary surface of the filter cloth. Because the filtration process is performed in a state where a layer of insoluble components is formed, the layer of insoluble components formed on the primary side surface of the filter cloth functions as a filter, and insoluble ash and other insolubles from the secondary side of the filter plate. An extremely clear phosphorus extract containing little components can be efficiently recovered.
本発明のリン抽出液の回収装置は、前記２槽の固液分離槽を、前記汚泥堆積部よりも上方で互いに連通させる連通管が配置されており、この連通管の途中に弁が設けられていて、前記処理を切り替える際に、該弁を開いて、ろ過処理を行っていた固液分離槽中の混合液を、排出処理を行っていた固液分離槽に導入するように構成されていることが好ましい。 In the phosphorus extract recovery apparatus of the present invention, a communication pipe for communicating the two solid-liquid separation tanks with each other above the sludge accumulation section is disposed, and a valve is provided in the middle of the communication pipe. When the processing is switched, the valve is opened, and the liquid mixture in the solid-liquid separation tank that has been subjected to the filtration process is introduced into the solid-liquid separation tank that has been subjected to the discharge process. Preferably it is.
本発明のリン抽出液の回収装置は、各固液分離槽中の混合液を個別に抜き出して所定の貯槽に貯留させる手段と、該貯槽に貯留された混合液を各固液分離槽に個別に供給する手段とを有し、前記処理を切り替える際に、ろ過処理を行っていた固液分離槽中の混合液を前記貯槽に導入し、前記貯槽に貯留された混合液を、排出処理を行っていた固液分離槽に導入するように構成されていることが好ましい。 The phosphorus extract recovery apparatus of the present invention is a means for individually extracting the mixed liquid in each solid-liquid separation tank and storing it in a predetermined storage tank, and the mixed liquid stored in the storage tank individually in each solid-liquid separation tank And supplying the liquid mixture in the solid-liquid separation tank that has been subjected to the filtration process to the storage tank when the process is switched, and discharging the liquid mixture stored in the storage tank. It is preferably configured to be introduced into the solid-liquid separation tank that has been used.
本発明のリン抽出液の回収装置の前記ろ過板は、支持材の両面をろ布で囲み、該ろ布の全周を閉じて袋状となし、少なくとも一端にリン抽出液回収管を接続したもので構成されていることが好ましい。 The filter plate of the phosphorus extract recovery device of the present invention is formed by enclosing both sides of a support material with a filter cloth, closing the entire periphery of the filter cloth into a bag shape, and connecting a phosphorus extract recovery pipe to at least one end. It is preferable that it is comprised.
本発明のリン抽出液の回収装置の前記ろ布は、ポリプロピレン、塩化ビニリデン、ビニロンから選ばれた一種以上の材質で構成されていることが好ましい。これらの材質からなるろ布は、耐薬品性に優れるので、ろ過処理時にろ布が劣化し難く、ろ布の交換頻度を抑えることができる。 The filter cloth of the phosphorus extract recovery device of the present invention is preferably made of one or more materials selected from polypropylene, vinylidene chloride, and vinylon. Since the filter cloth made of these materials is excellent in chemical resistance, the filter cloth is hardly deteriorated during the filtration treatment, and the frequency of replacement of the filter cloth can be suppressed.
本発明によれば、リン抽出液とリン抽出後の焼却灰とを含む混合液から、焼却灰などの不溶性成分の混入が少ない、極めて清澄なリン抽出液を効率よく回収することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently recover an extremely clear phosphorus extract containing little insoluble components such as incineration ash from a mixed solution containing a phosphorus extract and incinerated ash after phosphorus extraction.
以下、図面を用いて、本発明のリン抽出液の回収装置について説明する。図１は、本発明のリン抽出液の回収装置の第１の実施形態である。 Hereinafter, the phosphorus extract recovery apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a first embodiment of a phosphorus extract recovery apparatus of the present invention.
このリン抽出の液回収装置は、第１固液分離槽１０と、第２固液分離槽２０と、第１固液分離槽１０及び第２固液分離槽２０を連通する連通管３０と、で主に構成されている。第１固液分離槽１０、第２固液分離槽２０は、基本的に同一の装置構成をなしているので、以下、固液分離槽と記載して説明する。 This liquid extraction apparatus for phosphorus extraction includes a first solid-liquid separation tank 10, a second solid-liquid separation tank 20, a communication pipe 30 that communicates the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 and the second solid-liquid separation tank 20, It is mainly composed of. Since the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 and the second solid-liquid separation tank 20 basically have the same apparatus configuration, they will be described below as a solid-liquid separation tank.
固液分離槽１０，２０の底部は、槽内に供給された混合液中の不溶性成分を堆積させる汚泥堆積部１０ａ（２０ａ）をなしている。固液分離槽の汚泥堆積部１０ａ（２０ａ）よりも上方の側壁には、仕切り弁Ｖ５が介装された連通管３０が伸びており、この連通管３０によって、第１固液分離槽１０と第２固液分離槽２０とが連結されている。 The bottoms of the solid-liquid separation tanks 10 and 20 form a sludge accumulation part 10a (20a) for depositing insoluble components in the mixed liquid supplied into the tanks. A communication pipe 30 provided with a partition valve V5 extends on the side wall above the sludge accumulation portion 10a (20a) of the solid-liquid separation tank. The communication pipe 30 and the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 are connected to each other. The second solid-liquid separation tank 20 is connected.
固液分離槽１０，２０の上部には、開閉弁Ｖ１ａ（Ｖ１ｂ）が介装された配管Ｌ１ａ（Ｌ１ｂ）が設けられており、それぞれの固液分離層から伸びた配管Ｌ１ａ、Ｌ１ｂは、混合液貯留槽５０から伸びた配管Ｌ２と接続している。配管Ｌ２には、送液ポンプＰ１が介装されている。 Pipes L1a (L1b) provided with on-off valves V1a (V1b) are provided above the solid-liquid separation tanks 10 and 20, and the pipes L1a and L1b extending from the respective solid-liquid separation layers are mixed. A pipe L2 extending from the liquid storage tank 50 is connected. A liquid feed pump P1 is interposed in the pipe L2.
固液分離槽１０，２０の底部には、汚泥給排口（図示しない）がそれぞれ設けられており、この汚泥給排口から、汚泥排出弁Ｖ２ａ（Ｖ２ｂ）が介装された配管Ｌ３ａ（Ｌ３ｂ）が伸びている。 Sludge supply / discharge ports (not shown) are provided at the bottoms of the solid-liquid separation tanks 10 and 20, respectively, and pipes L3a (L3b) in which sludge discharge valves V2a (V2b) are interposed from the sludge supply / discharge ports. ) Is growing.
固液分離槽１０，２０の内部には、ろ過板４０が複数（この実施形態では２個）配置されている。図２を併せて参照すると、ろ過板４０は、支持材４１の両面をろ布４２で囲み、該ろ布４２の全周を閉じて袋状の形状をなしている。そして、上下方向に沿って、かつ、幅方向に所定間隔で縫い込んだ複数の縫い目４３によって、上下に伸びる通路を幅方向に複数並んで形成した構造をなしている。また、上端には、リン抽出液回収管Ｌ４ａ（Ｌ４ｂ）が伸びて、配管Ｌ５ａ（Ｌ５ｂ）に接続している。 A plurality of (two in this embodiment) filter plates 40 are arranged inside the solid-liquid separation tanks 10 and 20. Referring also to FIG. 2, the filter plate 40 has a bag-like shape by surrounding both sides of the support material 41 with a filter cloth 42 and closing the entire circumference of the filter cloth 42. A plurality of stitches 43 sewn along the vertical direction and at a predetermined interval in the width direction form a structure in which a plurality of passages extending in the vertical direction are formed side by side in the width direction. Further, a phosphorus extract recovery pipe L4a (L4b) extends at the upper end and is connected to the pipe L5a (L5b).
ろ布４２の材質は、耐薬品性に優れたものであれば特に限定はなく、ポリプロピレン、塩化ビニリデン、ビニロン等が好ましく用いられる。また、ろ布４２の厚さは、０．３〜０．５ｍｍが好ましい。また、ろ布４２の通気速度は、１０〜２０ｍｌ／ｃｍ２／ｓｅｃ ａｔ １２５Ｐａが好ましい。 The material of the filter cloth 42 is not particularly limited as long as it is excellent in chemical resistance, and polypropylene, vinylidene chloride, vinylon and the like are preferably used. The thickness of the filter cloth 42 is preferably 0.3 to 0.5 mm. Further, the ventilation rate of the filter cloth 42 is preferably 10 to 20 ml / cm 2 / sec at 125 Pa.
配管Ｌ５ａ（Ｌ５ｂ）の下流側端部は、上下に分岐している。上方に伸びた配管Ｌ６ａ（Ｌ６ｂ）には、通気弁Ｖ３ａ（Ｖ３ｂ）、吸引ポンプＰ２ａ（Ｐ２ｂ）が介装されている。下方に伸びた配管Ｌ７ａ（Ｌ７ｂ）には、排水弁Ｖ４ａ（Ｖ４ｂ）が介装されおり、この配管Ｌ７ａ（Ｌ７ｂ）は、固液分離槽内の水位よりも下方に伸びている。 The downstream end of the pipe L5a (L5b) branches up and down. A vent valve V3a (V3b) and a suction pump P2a (P2b) are interposed in the pipe L6a (L6b) extending upward. A drain valve V4a (V4b) is interposed in the pipe L7a (L7b) extending downward, and this pipe L7a (L7b) extends downward from the water level in the solid-liquid separation tank.
次に、上記リン抽出液の回収装置を用いた、本発明のリン抽出液の回収方法を説明する。 Next, the method for recovering the phosphorus extract of the present invention using the phosphorus extract recovery apparatus will be described.
本発明のリン抽出液の回収方法は、リンを含有する汚泥の焼却灰に強酸性溶液又は強アルカリ性溶液を加えてリンを溶解させるリン溶解工程と、リンが溶解した溶液と不溶性成分との混合液から不溶性成分を除去してリン抽出液を回収する固液分離工程と、を含む工程からなる。 The method for recovering the phosphorus extract of the present invention includes a phosphorus dissolution step in which a strong acidic solution or a strong alkaline solution is added to the incinerated ash of sludge containing phosphorus to dissolve phosphorus, and a mixture of a solution in which phosphorus is dissolved and an insoluble component And a solid-liquid separation step of recovering the phosphorus extract by removing insoluble components from the solution.
（リン溶解工程）
リンを含有する汚泥の焼却灰に、強酸性溶液又は強アルカリ性溶液を加えてリンを溶解させる。
(Phosphorus dissolution process)
A strong acidic solution or a strong alkaline solution is added to the incineration ash of sludge containing phosphorus to dissolve phosphorus.
強酸性溶液としては、硫酸、塩酸、硝酸、リン酸等が挙げられる。強アルカリ性溶液としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等が挙げられる。 Examples of the strongly acidic solution include sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and the like. Examples of the strong alkaline solution include sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
強酸性溶液を用いてリンを溶解させる場合においては、焼却灰に強酸性溶液を加えて、ｐＨ２以下にして処理することが好ましい。また、５０〜７５℃の温度条件下で処理すると、焼却灰からのリン溶出に要する時間を短縮できるので好ましい。 When phosphorus is dissolved using a strong acid solution, it is preferable to add a strong acid solution to the incinerated ash so that the pH is 2 or lower. Moreover, it is preferable to process under a temperature condition of 50 to 75 ° C. because the time required for phosphorus elution from the incinerated ash can be shortened.
強アルカリ性溶液を用いてリンを溶解させる場合においては、焼却灰に強アルカリ性溶液を加えて、ｐＨ１４程度にして処理することが好ましい。５０〜７５℃の温度条件下で処理すると、焼却灰からのリン溶出に要する時間を短縮できるので好ましい。 In the case where phosphorus is dissolved using a strong alkaline solution, it is preferable to add a strong alkaline solution to the incinerated ash so as to have a pH of about 14. It is preferable to perform the treatment under a temperature condition of 50 to 75 ° C. because the time required for phosphorus elution from the incinerated ash can be shortened.
（固液分離工程）
次に、リンが溶解した溶液と不溶性成分との混合液（以下、「混合液」と記す）を、図１に示すリン抽出液回収装置を用いて固液分離し、混合液から不溶性成分を除去してリン抽出液を回収する。本装置では、第１固液分離槽２０と、第２固液分離槽２０とで、混合液のろ過処理と、槽内に蓄積した不溶性成分を汚泥として排出する排出処理と、を交互に行い、混合液を固液分離してリン抽出液を回収する。以下、第１固液分離槽１０でろ過処理を行い、第２固液分離槽２０で排出処理を行う場合の処理を例に挙げて、図３〜８を用いて説明する。なお、図中の実線で記した配管は、配管内を液等が流通している状態を示し、点線で記した配管は、配管内を液等が流通していない状態を示している。また、黒塗りした弁は閉じている状態を示し、白抜きした弁は開いている状態を示している。
(Solid-liquid separation process)
Next, the mixed solution of the solution in which phosphorus is dissolved and the insoluble component (hereinafter referred to as “mixed solution”) is subjected to solid-liquid separation using the phosphorus extract recovery device shown in FIG. Remove and recover the phosphorus extract. In the present apparatus, the first solid-liquid separation tank 20 and the second solid-liquid separation tank 20 alternately perform a mixed liquid filtration process and a discharge process for discharging insoluble components accumulated in the tank as sludge. The liquid mixture is separated into solid and liquid to recover the phosphorus extract. Hereinafter, the process in the case where the filtration process is performed in the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 and the discharge process is performed in the second solid-liquid separation tank 20 will be described as an example with reference to FIGS. In addition, piping indicated by a solid line in the drawing indicates a state in which liquid or the like is flowing in the piping, and piping indicated by a dotted line indicates a state in which no liquid or the like is flowing in the piping. Further, a black valve indicates a closed state, and a white valve indicates an open state.
まず、開閉弁Ｖ１ｂ、汚泥排出弁Ｖ２ａ及び仕切り弁Ｖ５を閉じ、開閉弁Ｖ１ａ及び汚泥排出弁Ｖ２ｂを開き、送液ポンプＰ１を作動する。このようにすると、図３に示すように、第１固液分離槽１０には、混合液貯留槽５０内の混合液が、配管Ｌ１ａを通って供給され、第２固液分離槽２０では、汚泥堆積部２０ａに堆積した汚泥が、配管Ｌ３ｂから系外に引き抜かれる。 First, the on-off valve V1b, the sludge discharge valve V2a, and the gate valve V5 are closed, the on-off valve V1a and the sludge discharge valve V2b are opened, and the liquid feed pump P1 is operated. If it does in this way, as shown in FIG. 3, the liquid mixture in the liquid mixture storage tank 50 will be supplied to the 1st solid-liquid separation tank 10 through the piping L1a, and in the 2nd solid-liquid separation tank 20, The sludge accumulated in the sludge accumulation part 20a is drawn out of the system from the pipe L3b.
次に、図４に示すように、第１固液分離槽１０に混合液がろ過板４０の上方に至るまで供給されたら、送液ポンプＰ１を停止し、開閉弁Ｖ１ａを閉じる。そして、排水弁Ｖ４ａを閉じた状態で、通気弁Ｖ３ａを開いて吸引ポンプＰ２ａを作動させ、ろ液（リン抽出液）を配管Ｌ５ａ，Ｌ７ａ内に充満させる。そして、配管Ｌ５ａ，Ｌ７ａ内にリン抽出液を充満し、吸引ポンプＰ２ａを停止して、通気弁Ｖ３ａを閉じ排水弁Ｖ４ａを開く。このようにすると、サイフォン効果により、配管Ｌ７ａの長さに応じた負圧がろ過板４０の内部に作用し、無動力でろ過が行われ、リン抽出液は、配管Ｌ７ａを通って系外に排水される。 Next, as shown in FIG. 4, when the liquid mixture is supplied to the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 until it reaches above the filter plate 40, the liquid feed pump P1 is stopped and the on-off valve V1a is closed. Then, with the drain valve V4a closed, the vent valve V3a is opened to operate the suction pump P2a, and the filtrate (phosphorus extract) is filled in the pipes L5a and L7a. Then, the pipes L5a and L7a are filled with the phosphorus extract, the suction pump P2a is stopped, the vent valve V3a is closed, and the drain valve V4a is opened. In this way, due to the siphon effect, a negative pressure corresponding to the length of the pipe L7a acts on the inside of the filter plate 40, filtration is performed without power, and the phosphorus extract passes outside the system through the pipe L7a. Drained.
こうしてろ過作業を開始すると、ろ過板４０のろ布の一次側表面には、混合液中の不溶性成分による層（以下、「プレコート層」と記す）４４が形成される。プレコート層４４の厚さは、運転条件により異なるので特に限定はしないが、十〜数十ｍｍの厚さになるように形成することが好ましい。このように、ろ過板４０のろ布４２の一次側表面にプレコート層４４が形成されていることにより、プレコート層４４がフィルターとして機能し、配管Ｌ７ａからは、極めて清澄なリン抽出液が得られる。そして、ろ過により固液分離槽１０内の水位が一定レベルまで低下すると、開閉弁Ｖ１ａを開き、送液ポンプＰ１を作動して、配管Ｌ１ａから第１固液分離槽１０内に混合液が供給され、ろ過が連続的に行われる。なお、焼却灰は、有機物を含まないので、混合液中に含まれる不溶性成分は無機性の粒子からなるものであり、ろ布４２は目詰まりが生じにくく、ろ過処理中にろ布に付着した不溶性成分は、自重で自然剥離し、剥離した部分には、再度不溶性成分が付着するのでプレコート層が形成される。一方、第２固液分離槽２０では、汚泥堆積部２０ａに堆積した汚泥の排出処理が行われている。 When the filtration operation is started in this way, a layer (hereinafter referred to as “precoat layer”) 44 of insoluble components in the mixed solution is formed on the primary surface of the filter cloth of the filter plate 40. The thickness of the precoat layer 44 is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the operating conditions, but is preferably formed to have a thickness of 10 to several tens of mm. Thus, by forming the precoat layer 44 on the primary surface of the filter cloth 42 of the filter plate 40, the precoat layer 44 functions as a filter, and an extremely clear phosphorus extract is obtained from the pipe L7a. . When the water level in the solid-liquid separation tank 10 is lowered to a certain level by filtration, the on-off valve V1a is opened, the liquid feed pump P1 is operated, and the mixed liquid is supplied into the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 from the pipe L1a. And filtration is carried out continuously. Since incinerated ash does not contain organic matter, the insoluble component contained in the mixed solution is composed of inorganic particles, and the filter cloth 42 is less likely to be clogged and adhered to the filter cloth during the filtration process. The insoluble component is spontaneously peeled off by its own weight, and the pre-coated layer is formed on the peeled portion because the insoluble component adheres again. On the other hand, in the 2nd solid-liquid separation tank 20, the discharge process of the sludge accumulated in the sludge accumulation part 20a is performed.
第１固液分離槽１０、第２固液分離槽２０にて、上記処理を継続すると、第１固液分離槽１０の汚泥堆積部１０ａには、混合液中の不溶性成分がろ過処理中に重力沈降し、更には、ろ布４２の表面からプレコート層４４の一部が自然剥離するので、汚泥が蓄積する。一方、第２固液分離槽２０では、汚泥が排出されて槽内は空になる。 When the above process is continued in the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 and the second solid-liquid separation tank 20, insoluble components in the mixed liquid are present in the sludge accumulation section 10a of the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 during the filtration process. Gravity sedimentation occurs, and further, a part of the precoat layer 44 is naturally peeled off from the surface of the filter cloth 42, so that sludge accumulates. On the other hand, in the 2nd solid-liquid separation tank 20, sludge is discharged | emitted and the inside of a tank becomes empty.
図５に示すように、第１固液分離槽１０の汚泥堆積部１０ａに、所定量の汚泥が堆積した時点で、送液ポンプＰ１を停止し、開閉弁Ｖ１ａを閉じ、汚泥排出弁Ｖ２ｂを閉じる。そして、この状態で仕切り弁Ｖ５を開くと、図６に示すように、第１固液分離槽１０に残っていた未ろ過の混合液が、連通管３０を通って第２固液分離槽２０に移送される。そして、未ろ過の混合液の移送が終わると、図７に示すように、第１固液分離槽１０及び第２固液分離槽２０の水位はほぼ同じとなり、第１固液分離槽１０には汚泥が残り、第２固液分離槽２０には未ろ過の混合液が残る。 As shown in FIG. 5, when a predetermined amount of sludge has accumulated in the sludge accumulation section 10a of the first solid-liquid separation tank 10, the liquid feed pump P1 is stopped, the on-off valve V1a is closed, and the sludge discharge valve V2b is turned on. close. Then, when the gate valve V5 is opened in this state, as shown in FIG. 6, the unfiltered mixed liquid remaining in the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 passes through the communication pipe 30 and the second solid-liquid separation tank 20. It is transferred to. When the unfiltered mixed liquid is transferred, the water levels of the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 and the second solid-liquid separation tank 20 become substantially the same as shown in FIG. Remains in the second solid-liquid separation tank 20 and the unfiltered mixed liquid remains.
次に、未ろ過の混合液の移送が終了したら、図８に示すように、仕切り弁Ｖ５を閉じ、開閉弁Ｖ１ｂ及び汚泥排出弁Ｖ２ａを開き、送液ポンプＰ１を作動する。 Next, when the transfer of the unfiltered mixed liquid is completed, as shown in FIG. 8, the gate valve V5 is closed, the on-off valve V1b and the sludge discharge valve V2a are opened, and the liquid feeding pump P1 is operated.
第１固液分離槽１０では、汚泥堆積部１０ａに堆積した汚泥の引き抜きを行うと共に、ろ布４２の一次側表面に付着した不溶性成分の剥離が行われる。剥離操作は、例えば、ろ布４２の２次側から加圧空気を送風して剥離する方法などが挙げられる。なお、前述したように、焼却灰は、有機物を含まないので、ろ布４２に付着した不溶性成分は、無機性の粒子からなるものであるので、ろ布４２からは不溶性成分は自然剥離しやすい。 In the first solid-liquid separation tank 10, the sludge accumulated in the sludge accumulation unit 10 a is extracted, and the insoluble components attached to the primary surface of the filter cloth 42 are peeled off. Examples of the peeling operation include a method in which pressurized air is blown from the secondary side of the filter cloth 42 to peel off. As described above, since the incineration ash does not contain organic substances, the insoluble component adhering to the filter cloth 42 is made of inorganic particles, and therefore the insoluble component is easily peeled off naturally from the filter cloth 42. .
一方、第２固液分離槽２０では、第２固液分離槽２０に、混合液貯留槽５０内の混合液がろ過板４０の上部に至るまで供給され、第１固液分離槽１０と同様にして、ろ過処理が行われる。なお、第２固液分離槽２０には、切り替え時に第１固液分離槽１０から流入した未ろ過の混合液が存在するので、混合液の充填に要する時間を短縮できる。 On the other hand, in the second solid-liquid separation tank 20, the mixed liquid in the mixed liquid storage tank 50 is supplied to the second solid-liquid separation tank 20 until reaching the upper part of the filter plate 40. Thus, the filtration process is performed. In addition, in the 2nd solid-liquid separation tank 20, since the unfiltered liquid mixture which flowed in from the 1st solid-liquid separation tank 10 at the time of switching exists, the time required for filling with liquid mixture can be shortened.
このようにして、第１固液分離槽１０、第２固液分離槽２０では、ろ過処理と、汚泥排出処理とが交互に繰り返され、全体としてほぼ連続的に混合液をろ過処理できるので、リン抽出液を連続的に回収できる。 In this way, in the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 and the second solid-liquid separation tank 20, the filtration process and the sludge discharge process are alternately repeated, and the mixed liquid can be filtered almost continuously as a whole. The phosphorus extract can be continuously recovered.
従来の方法では、槽内に蓄積した汚泥を排出する際に、リン抽出液を含んだ未ろ過の混合液をも排出していたので、リン抽出液の回収率が不十分であったが、本実施形態によれば、リン抽出液を含んだ未ろ過の混合液を排出することなく、ろ過処理するので、リン抽出液の回収効率が高い。また、ろ過処理では、ろ布４２の一次側表面に混合液中の不溶性成分による層（プレコート層４４）を形成させた状態でろ過処理を行うので、プレコート層４４がフィルターとして機能し、ろ過板４０の二次側から回収できるリン抽出液は、焼却灰などの不溶性成分の混入が少なく、極めて清澄である。 In the conventional method, when the sludge accumulated in the tank was discharged, the unfiltered mixed liquid containing the phosphorus extract was also discharged, so the recovery rate of the phosphorus extract was insufficient. According to this embodiment, since the filtration process is performed without discharging the unfiltered mixed solution containing the phosphorus extract, the recovery efficiency of the phosphorus extract is high. Further, in the filtration treatment, the filtration treatment is performed in a state in which a layer (precoat layer 44) of the insoluble component in the mixed solution is formed on the primary side surface of the filter cloth 42. Therefore, the precoat layer 44 functions as a filter, and the filtration plate The phosphorus extract that can be recovered from the secondary side of 40 is very clear with little contamination with insoluble components such as incineration ash.
図９に、本発明のリン抽出液の回収装置の第２の実施形態を示す。上記第１の実施形態のリン抽出液の回収装置と同一箇所については、同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。 FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the phosphorus extract recovery apparatus of the present invention. The same parts as those of the phosphorus extract recovery apparatus of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
この実施形態では、固液分離槽内に攪拌装置６０が配置されている点で、上記第１の実施形態と相違する。攪拌装置６０は、混合液のろ過処理や、配管Ｌ３ａ、Ｌ３ｂからの汚泥の引き抜きを行う際に支障をきたさないようなものであれは特に限定はなく、例えば、曝気式攪拌装置などが好ましく挙げられる。 This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the stirring device 60 is disposed in the solid-liquid separation tank. The stirrer 60 is not particularly limited as long as it does not hinder the filtration of the mixed solution and the extraction of sludge from the pipes L3a and L3b. For example, an aeration stirrer is preferable. It is done.
次に、図９に示すリン抽出液の回収装置を用いてリン抽出液を回収する方法について説明する。 Next, a method for recovering the phosphorus extract using the phosphorus extract recovery apparatus shown in FIG. 9 will be described.
この実施形態では、混合液を固液分離槽１０、２０内に供給し、ろ過板４０の上方に至るまで供給してろ過板４０によるろ過処理を開始するまでの間に、攪拌装置６０を作動して、固液分離槽１０，２０内の混合液を攪拌する点で上記第１の実施形態と相違する。 In this embodiment, the agitation device 60 is operated during the period from when the mixed liquid is supplied into the solid-liquid separation tanks 10 and 20 until the mixed liquid is supplied to the upper part of the filter plate 40 and the filtration process by the filter plate 40 is started. And it is different from the said 1st Embodiment by the point which stirs the liquid mixture in the solid-liquid separation tanks 10 and 20. FIG.
混合液中の不溶性成分は沈降し易いので、混合液の不溶性成分の濃度が低い場合、ろ布の一次側表面に溶液中の不溶性成分によるプレコート層４４を形成する際に時間を要することがあるが、この実施形態では、ろ過処理を開始する前に混合液を攪拌するので、不溶性成分の沈降を防止でき、ろ布の一次側表面にプレコート層４４を短時間で形成でき、ろ過処理開始までに要する時間を短縮でき、リン抽出液の回収効率が向上する。 Since insoluble components in the mixed solution easily settle, if the concentration of the insoluble components in the mixed solution is low, it may take time to form the precoat layer 44 with the insoluble components in the solution on the primary surface of the filter cloth. However, in this embodiment, since the mixed solution is stirred before the filtration process is started, it is possible to prevent sedimentation of insoluble components, and the precoat layer 44 can be formed on the primary surface of the filter cloth in a short time until the filtration process starts. Can be shortened, and the recovery efficiency of the phosphorus extract is improved.
図１０に、本発明のリン抽出液の回収装置の第３の実施形態を示す。上記第１の実施形態のリン抽出液の回収装置と同一箇所については、同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。 FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment of the phosphorus extract recovery apparatus of the present invention. The same parts as those of the phosphorus extract recovery apparatus of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
この実施形態では、１）第１固液分離槽１０と第２固液分離槽２０との間に連通管３０が配置されていない点、２）第１固液分離槽１０の汚泥堆積部１０ａよりも上方の側壁に、開閉弁Ｖ６ａが介装された配管Ｌ８ａが接続して、混合液貯留槽５０にまで伸びている点、３）第２固液分離槽２０の汚泥堆積部２０ａよりも上方の側壁に、開閉弁Ｖ６ｂが介装された配管Ｌ８ｂが接続して、混合液貯留槽５０にまで伸びている点、で上記第１の実施形態と相違する。 In this embodiment, 1) the communication pipe 30 is not disposed between the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 and the second solid-liquid separation tank 20, and 2) the sludge accumulation portion 10a of the first solid-liquid separation tank 10. A pipe L8a in which an on-off valve V6a is connected is connected to the upper side wall, and extends to the mixed liquid storage tank 50. 3) Than the sludge accumulation part 20a of the second solid-liquid separation tank 20 A pipe L8b having an open / close valve V6b connected to the upper side wall is connected to the upper side wall and extends to the mixed liquid storage tank 50, which is different from the first embodiment.
次に、図１０に示すリン抽出液の回収装置を用いてリン抽出液を回収する方法について説明する。 Next, a method for recovering the phosphorus extract using the phosphorus extract recovery apparatus shown in FIG. 10 will be described.
この実施形態では、第１固液分離槽１０で行っていた処理と、第２固液分離槽２０で行っていた処理とを切り替える際に、開閉弁Ｖ６ａ（Ｖ６ｂ）を開き、ろ過処理を行っていた固液分離槽中の未ろ過の混合液を、混合液貯留槽５０に導入する点で上記第１の実施形態と相違する。 In this embodiment, when switching between the process performed in the first solid-liquid separation tank 10 and the process performed in the second solid-liquid separation tank 20, the on-off valve V6a (V6b) is opened and a filtration process is performed. The difference from the first embodiment is that the unfiltered mixed liquid in the solid-liquid separation tank is introduced into the mixed liquid storage tank 50.
この実施形態によれば、装置設置などの制約で２槽間に連通管３０を設けることができない場合や、各固液分離槽の汚泥堆積部１０ａ，１０ｂの容積が小さく、未ろ過の混合液を充分に受け入れることができない場合等に特に好適である。なお、新たにろ過処理を行う固液分離槽には、槽内が空の状態から混合液を供給することになるので、上記第１の実施形態に比べ、混合液の充填に時間を要し、ろ過処理時間が短くなる傾向がある。 According to this embodiment, when the communication pipe 30 cannot be provided between the two tanks due to restrictions such as installation of the apparatus, or when the volume of the sludge accumulation portions 10a and 10b of each solid-liquid separation tank is small, the unfiltered mixed liquid Is particularly suitable when it is not possible to sufficiently accept the amount of sucrose. In addition, since the mixed liquid is supplied to the solid-liquid separation tank for performing a new filtration process from an empty state in the tank, it takes time to fill the mixed liquid as compared with the first embodiment. The filtration time tends to be short.
なお、堆積した汚泥の排出手段を汚泥排出弁により説明したが、例えばスクリューフィーダーなどを用いることもある。 In addition, although the discharge means of the accumulated sludge was demonstrated with the sludge discharge valve, a screw feeder etc. may be used, for example.
１０：第１固液分離槽
２０：第２固液分離槽
１０ａ、２０ａ：汚泥堆積部
３０：連通管
４０：ろ過板
４１：支持材
４２：ろ布
４３：縫い目
４４：プレコート層
５０：混合液貯留槽
６０：攪拌装置
Ｐ１：送液ポンプ
Ｐ２ａ，Ｐ２ｂ：吸引ポンプ
Ｖ１ａ，Ｖ１ｂ：開閉弁
Ｖ２ａ，Ｖ２ｂ：汚泥排出弁
Ｖ３ａ，Ｖ３ｂ：通気弁
Ｖ４ａ，Ｖ４ｂ：排水弁
Ｖ５：仕切り弁
Ｖ６ａ，Ｖ６ｂ：開閉弁
10: 1st solid-liquid separation tank 20: 2nd solid-liquid separation tank 10a, 20a: Sludge accumulation part 30: Communication pipe 40: Filter plate 41: Supporting material 42: Filter cloth 43: Seam 44: Precoat layer 50: Mixed liquid Storage tank 60: Stirrer P1: Liquid feed pumps P2a, P2b: Suction pumps V1a, V1b: On-off valves V2a, V2b: Sludge discharge valves V3a, V3b: Ventilation valves V4a, V4b: Drain valves V5: Partition valves V6a, V6b: On-off valve
Claims (7)
前記固液分離工程において、前記混合液をろ過するためのろ布を備えたろ過板と、前記混合液中の不溶性成分を堆積させる汚泥堆積部と、この汚泥堆積部に堆積した不溶性成分を排出する排出手段を有する固液分離槽を２槽用い、
一方の固液分離槽では、前記ろ過板の前記ろ布で仕切られた一次側に前記混合液を供給して、前記ろ布の一次側表面に前記混合液中の不溶性成分による層を形成させた状態でろ過処理を行い、前記ろ布で仕切られた二次側からリン抽出液を回収するろ過処理を行うと共に、他方の固液分離槽では、前記汚泥堆積部に堆積した不溶性成分を前記排出手段によって排出する排出処理を行い、
次いで、所定時間経過後に、ろ過処理を行っていた一方の固液分離槽中の混合液を、排出処理を行っていた他方の固液分離槽に導入し、前記他方の固液分離槽で前記ろ過処理を行うと共に、前記一方の固液分離槽で前記排出処理を行う、という操作を繰り返すことを特徴とするリン抽出液の回収方法。 Phosphorus extraction by removing a insoluble component from a phosphorus dissolution process in which phosphorus is dissolved by adding a strong acidic solution or a strong alkaline solution to the incinerated ash of sludge containing phosphorus, and a mixture of the solution in which the phosphorus is dissolved and the insoluble component A solid-liquid separation step of recovering the liquid, and a method of recovering the phosphorus extract,
In the solid-liquid separation step, a filter plate provided with a filter cloth for filtering the mixed solution, a sludge depositing portion for depositing insoluble components in the mixed solution, and discharging the insoluble components deposited in the sludge depositing portion. 2 solid-liquid separation tanks with discharge means to perform,
In one solid-liquid separation tank, the mixed solution is supplied to the primary side of the filter plate partitioned by the filter cloth, and a layer of insoluble components in the mixed solution is formed on the primary side surface of the filter cloth. In the other solid-liquid separation tank, the insoluble components deposited in the sludge depositing part are removed by the filtration process in which the phosphorus extract is recovered from the secondary side partitioned by the filter cloth. Discharge processing by the discharge means,
Next, after a predetermined time has elapsed, the mixed liquid in one solid-liquid separation tank that has been subjected to the filtration treatment is introduced into the other solid-liquid separation tank that has been subjected to the discharge treatment, A method for recovering a phosphorus extract, wherein the operation of performing filtration and repeating the discharge in the one solid-liquid separation tank is repeated.
ろ布によって、前記混合液を供給する一次側と、該混合液のろ液を受ける二次側とに仕切られ、ろ布の一次側表面に前記混合液中の不溶性成分による層を形成させた状態でろ過処理を行うように構成されたろ過板と、ろ過処理中に前記混合液中の不溶性成分を堆積させる汚泥堆積部と、前記汚泥堆積部に堆積した前記不溶性成分を排出する排出手段とを有する固液分離槽を２槽備え、
各固液分離槽中の混合液を、他の固液分離槽に相互に導入する手段を有し、
２槽の固液分離槽にて、前記混合液のろ過処理と、前記不溶性成分の排出処理とを交互に行うと共に、ろ過処理を行っていた固液分離槽中の混合液を、排出処理を行っていた固液分離槽に導入して、前記処理を切り替えるように構成されていることを特徴とするリン抽出液の回収装置。 Insoluble components are removed from the mixture of insoluble components and insoluble components formed by adding strong acidic solution or strong alkaline solution to the incinerated ash of sludge containing phosphorus to dissolve phosphorus. A phosphorus extract recovery device for recovering a phosphorus extract,
The filter cloth was partitioned into a primary side for supplying the mixed liquid and a secondary side for receiving the filtrate of the mixed liquid, and a layer of insoluble components in the mixed liquid was formed on the primary side surface of the filter cloth. A filtration plate configured to perform filtration in a state; a sludge accumulation part that deposits insoluble components in the mixed solution during the filtration process; and a discharge unit that discharges the insoluble components accumulated in the sludge accumulation part. 2 tanks with solid-liquid separation having
Having a means for mutually introducing the mixed liquid in each solid-liquid separation tank into another solid-liquid separation tank;
In two solid-liquid separation tanks, the mixed liquid filtration process and the insoluble component discharge process are alternately performed, and the mixed liquid in the solid-liquid separation tank that has been filtered is discharged. An apparatus for recovering a phosphorus extract, which is configured to be introduced into a solid-liquid separation tank that has been used to switch the processing.
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| DE102013103770A1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-10-16 | Rwe Power Ag | Process for obtaining phosphorus-containing compounds from sewage sludge |
| JP7044520B2 (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2022-03-30 | 三菱化工機株式会社 | Filtration test equipment |
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