JP4831794B2 - Back door door opening and closing device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a door opening and closing device for a back door that is electrically and manually opened and closed in a flip-up type door such as a back door provided at the rear of an automobile.

  In general, a back door of an automobile is opened and closed by pushing the door up or down from the outside. However, this is inconvenient in bad weather, and it is difficult to open and close the door because the short person cannot reach it.

  Therefore, a door opening / closing mechanism has been proposed that automatically springs up when the door lock is released, closes the door by winding the cable with a winding motor, and can also be manually opened and closed ( For example, see Patent Document 1).

  The door opening and closing device described in Patent Document 1 opens and closes a door by performing a door pulling cable having a length equal to or longer than the opening and closing angle of the door, and rewinding and winding the door pulling cable. A drum and a drive gear connected to the output shaft of the motor are provided, and the drum and the drive gear are arranged so that their rotation surfaces face each other, and the drum is provided with a drum projection on the opposite rotation surfaces and driven. A gear projection is provided on the gear, and the gear projection comes into contact with the drum projection from opposite directions, so that the rotational force of the drive gear is transmitted to the drum to rotate forward and backward, thereby opening and closing the door electrically. On the other hand, when the drive gear is stopped, the door traction cable can be opened and closed using the area where the drum can rotate freely without the drum protrusion and the gear protrusion coming into contact with each other. By returning winding-up the length corresponding to the time, it is obtained by allowing the door manually.

  Further, a door opening / closing device that detects an obstacle existing not only on the door opening direction side but also on the door closing direction side to prevent interference between the door and the obstacle has been proposed (for example, Patent Documents). 2). This is an open / close drive mechanism that opens and closes a door that can be opened and closed on the vehicle body (the power of the electric motor is transmitted to the pinion through the clutch, and the rack is moved forward and backward by driving the pinion in the forward and backward direction to move the door forward and backward. A first detection means (a rotary encoder provided in the opening / closing drive mechanism) for detecting the position of the door, and a movement of the door on the opening direction side and the closing direction side attached to the vehicle body Second detection means for detecting the position of the obstacle in the trajectory (parking support back sonar as a rear monitoring sensor for detecting the position of the obstacle located behind the vehicle body using ultrasonic waves), and second detection Setting means for setting the openable range and the closeable range of the door according to the position of the obstacle detected by the means, and the position of the door detected by the first detecting means when the door is opened Control for controlling the opening / closing operation mechanism so as not to exceed the openable range, and for controlling the opening / closing operation mechanism so that the position of the door detected by the first detection means does not exceed the closeable range when the door is closed. Means (controller), and when the door is about to be opened and closed beyond the openable range or the closeable range, the door is forcibly stopped by stopping the motor with the clutch connected. It is intended to stop.

JP-A-2005-330724 JP 2005-336934 A

  The door opening and closing device described in Patent Document 1 can open and close the door either electrically or manually without switching by an electromagnetic clutch or the like, so that the number of components is small, light weight and low cost, and the device Since most of the members can be mounted on the door, it can be easily mounted on an existing vehicle as compared with the type in which the opening / closing drive mechanism is mounted on the vehicle body, such as the one described in Patent Document 2 above. Is also expensive.

  In the door opening and closing device described in Patent Document 1, opening assist means such as a gas stay or a torsion spring and closing assist means are interposed between the door and the vehicle body. When the door is closed electrically, the motor is reversed. By driving and winding the cable around the drum, the door is closed from the fully open position. When the door reaches the neutral position (the neutral position in the operation of the opening assist means and the closing assist means), the motor is temporarily stopped, and then Is automatically closed by the retracting operation of the closing assist means.

  If the presence of an obstacle is detected in the closing movement path of the door while the door is moving, the door moves from the fully open position to the neutral position. Since the opening assist means is extended, the door is immediately opened and interference with an obstacle can be avoided.

  However, if the presence of an obstacle in the closing locus of the door is detected at a position where the door has passed the neutral position during closing of the door, even if the motor is rotated forward and the cable is fed out from the drum, Since the closing assist means performs the retraction operation, there is a problem in that the door cannot immediately turn into the opening operation.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-described problems of the prior art, and reverse the rotation of the motor from the door closing direction to the door opening direction in the door self-closing region (operation region of the closing assist means). Then, the door opening and closing device for the back door is provided so that the door immediately starts to open.

A door opening / closing device for a back door according to claim 1 is a door pulling cable having a length equal to or longer than the opening / closing angle of the door, and a drum for opening / closing the door by feeding and winding the door pulling cable. And an opening assist means for automatically opening the door that has been opened to the fully open state until the fully open state, and the fully closed state that is closed to the fully open state. A closing assist means for automatically closing the door to a state; an opener for automatically opening the door from the fully closed state to the opening operation start position of the opening assist means; and a door opening direction and a closing direction by a motor capable of rotating forward and reverse. A drive gear that can be driven to rotate in both directions, and an opener that is rotatably provided coaxially with the drive gear and that operates the opener when rotated in the door opening direction. Be those with a kinematic lever, in order to solve the above problems, providing a pressure-sensitive detection means for detecting a load due to the contact with the obstacle in the frame of the door, the drive gear is in the opening direction A ratchet mechanism that engages only when rotating is provided to be interposed between the drive gear and an opener operating lever, and the pressure-sensitive detection means is in a state where the door closing operation of the door is performed by the closing assist means. When the load is detected, the drive gear is rotated in the door opening direction according to the detection signal of the pressure sensing means , and the ratchet mechanism is engaged to rotate the opener operating lever in the door opening direction. It is allowed, and wherein the benzalkonium actuates the opener.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the door opening and closing device for the back door according to the first aspect, wherein the ratchet mechanism is rotatable to a ratchet provided on the drive gear and the opener operating lever. It is characterized by comprising an engaging lever provided.

According to the door opening and closing device of the back door according to the first aspect, when the door is in contact with the obstacle while the door is closed by the closing assist means, the pressure-sensitive detection means applies a load caused by the contact. In response to the detection signal from the pressure sensing means , the drive gear rotates in the door opening direction, the opener operating lever is rotated in the door opening direction via the engaged ratchet mechanism, and the opener is operated. Also in the operation region of the assist means, the door can be immediately turned into the door opening operation, and the door can be returned to the fully opened state. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a collision with an obstacle even in the operating region of the closing assist means.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a door opening and closing device for opening and closing a flip-up back door of an automobile according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a rear part of an automobile provided with a flip-up back door according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view seen from one side of the rear part of the automobile, and FIG. It is the side view seen from the other side of the rear part.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the door A is pivotally attached to the upper end of the opening of the vehicle body B via a hinge 30, and the door A is attached to the vehicle body B at the lower end of the door A and the lower end of the door opening of the vehicle body B. On the other hand, a door lock device 31 that locks in the closed state is disposed, and a door opening / closing device 1 that opens and closes the door A is disposed near the lower center of the door A. Further, between the door A and the vehicle body B, there are an opener 10 that opens the fully closed door A to a predetermined angle, and an opening assist means and a closing assist means (not shown) made of a gas stay or a torsion spring. Intervened.

  When the opener 10 is operated, the door A is automatically opened from the fully closed state to the opening operation start position of the opening assist means. When the door A opens to the door opening operation start position of the opening assisting unit with respect to the fully closed state, the opening assisting unit functions and automatically opens the door A to the fully opened state by the extending operation. On the other hand, when the fully opened door A is closed to a predetermined angle (the closing operation start position of the closing assist unit), the closing assist unit functions and the retracting operation automatically closes the door A to the fully closed state. Yes. Thus, providing the opener 10, the opening assist means, and the closing assist means in the flip-up type door A is a known technique as disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1. Although not shown, pressure sensing means (pressure sensor) for detecting a load caused by contact with an obstacle is provided in a portion of the frame of the door A facing the door opening of the vehicle body B. Yes.

  Further, the main structure of the door lock device 31 is conventionally well known as disclosed in, for example, JP-A-12-27511 and JP-A-2000-204812. When the door A hits the vehicle body B, the latch is It rotates to a half-latch state and is caught by a striker provided on the vehicle body B. Further, the door lock device 31 includes a closure 32 that rotates the latch from the half latch state to the full latch state and pulls in the striker to lock, and an open lever 33 that reverses the latch in the full latch state at once and unlocks it. . The closure 32 and the open lever 33 are urged in a direction to detach from the latch, and after being engaged with the latch and rotated, the closure 32 and the open lever 33 return to their original positions apart from the latch.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the door opening and closing device 1 opens and closes the door A by feeding and winding the door pulling cable 2 longer than the opening angle of the door A and the door pulling cable 2. And a drum 3 to be provided. In addition to this, the door opening / closing device 1 rotates the drive gear 4 (not shown in FIG. 1, see FIG. 4), the closure operating lever 5, the opener operating lever 6, and the driving gear 4 in both forward and reverse directions. A drum 3, a drive gear 4 (not shown in FIG. 1), a closure operating lever 5 and an opener operating lever 6 share a central axis 7 and are parallel to each other and rotate. It is installed so as to be movable (see FIG. 4).

  The drum 3 rotates forward (rotation in the opening direction, counterclockwise in FIG. 1) to feed out the door pulling cable 2 and reversely rotates (rotation in the closing direction, clockwise in FIG. 1) to rotate the door pulling cable 2. Wind up. As shown in FIG. 3, the front end of the door pulling cable 2 is connected to the vehicle body B via a pulley 34 installed on the door A, and when the drum 3 is reversed to wind up the door pulling cable 2, the door A Is towed and closed. In addition, the drum 3 is provided with a spring (not shown) that urges the drum 3 in the reverse rotation direction so that the door pulling cable 2 is wound so as not to loosen when the door A is manually closed.

  The closure 32 of the door lock device 31 is connected to the front end of the closure operating lever 5 via the closure operation cable 8, and when the closure operating lever 5 rotates in the door closing direction (clockwise in FIG. 1), The closure 32 is actuated so that the door lock device 31 shifts to a fully latched state (see FIG. 1). The movable range of the closure operating lever 5 is restricted between the normal standby position and the position where the closure 32 is operated. After the closure operating lever 5 reaches the restricted position on the reverse side (door closing direction), it is moved by a spring. By the urging force, it rotates forward (turns counterclockwise in FIG. 1) and returns to the standby position. Further, the closure 32 is detached from the latch.

  An opener 10 is connected to the opener operating lever 6 via an opener operating cable 9. When the opener operating lever 6 rotates in the door opening direction (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 1), the opener 10 operates. The door A is opened to a predetermined angle (the opening operation start position of the opening assist means) (see FIG. 1). Further, the movable range of the opener operating lever 6 is restricted between a normal standby position and a position where the opener 10 is operated. After the opener operating lever 6 reaches the restricted position on the forward rotation side (door opening direction), The reverse rotation by the biasing force of the spring returns to the standby position, and the opener 10 also returns to the original position.

Next, the principal part of the door opening and closing apparatus 1 will be described. FIG. 4 is a front view showing a main part of the door opening and closing device 1. In FIG. 4, the door pulling cable 2, the drum 3, and the opener operation cable 9 are omitted. In FIG. 4, the drive gear 4, the closure operating lever 5, and the opener operating lever 6 share a central axis 7 and are provided parallel to each other and rotatable. In FIG. 4, the closure operating lever 5 is disposed behind the drive gear 4 (backward in the drawing), and the opener operating lever 6 is disposed behind the closure operating lever 5 (backward in the drawing). The drum 3 (not shown) is disposed in front of the drive gear 4 (before the paper surface).

  The drive gear 4 is connected to an output shaft of a motor (not shown) that can rotate forward and backward via a reduction gear group (not shown), and rotates forward and backward as the motor rotates forward and backward. . That is, the drive gear 4 is rotationally driven in the door opening direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 4) with the forward rotation of the motor, and is rotationally driven in the door closing direction (clockwise in FIG. 4) with the reverse rotation of the motor. Is done. The drive gear 4 is formed in a ring shape like a wheel, and the inner ring of the drive gear 4 has a gear projection that protrudes from the inner periphery toward the center of the closure operating lever 5 and the opener operating lever 6. 11 is provided.

  Corresponding to the gear protrusion 11 provided on the drive gear 4, the opener operating lever 6 is provided with a protruding piece 20 bent upward so as to contact the gear protrusion 11 provided on the drive gear 4. ing. Further, the closure operating lever 5 is provided with a protrusion 21 that protrudes upward so as to abut on a gear protrusion 11 provided on the drive gear 4.

  When the drive gear 4 rotates in the door opening direction (counterclockwise) with the gear projection 11 in contact with the protrusion 20 of the opener operating lever 6, the opener operating lever 6 rotates in the door opening direction. 10 operates and the initial opening of the door A is performed. Further, when the drive gear 4 rotates in the door closing direction (clockwise) with the gear projection 11 in contact with the protrusion 21 of the closure operating lever 5, the closure 32 is activated and the door lock device 31 shifts to the fully latched state. To do.

Further, features of the present invention, the driving gear 4 and the ratchet mechanism driving gear 4 (ratchet 12, pawl 15 of the engaging lever 13) and opener actuating lever 6 to see engagement when rotating in the opening direction A moving member (plate spring 19) that is provided between them and moves the engagement lever 13 from an initial position where engagement with the drive gear 4 is impossible to an engageable position where engagement with the drive gear 4 is possible Is provided in the drive gear 4.

  The ratchet mechanism includes a ratchet 12 provided on the inner ring of the drive gear 4 over a predetermined length, and an engagement lever 13 that is rotatably provided on the opener operating lever 6 and engages with the ratchet 12. Has been. As shown in FIG. 4, the ratchet 12 is provided at a position shifted by a predetermined angle in the door opening direction (counterclockwise direction) from a position substantially opposed to the gear protrusion 11 with the central shaft 7 interposed therebetween. It should be noted that the position of the ratchet 12 in the drive gear 4 is at least the operating region of the opening assist means (opening of the opening assist means) with respect to the initial position shown in FIG. 4 when the driving gear 4 rotates in the closing direction (clockwise). The position is such that it is engaged within a range covering a position corresponding to the neutral position between the door operation start position) and the operation region of the close assist means (the door close operation start position of the close assist means).

  Further, the teeth of the ratchet 12 engage with a claw 15 of an engagement lever 13 described later only when the drive gear 4 rotates in the door opening direction (counterclockwise), and the drive gear 4 in the door closing direction (clockwise). In the case of rotation, the tip of the tooth is inclined in the door opening direction (counterclockwise) with respect to the base end of the tooth.

  The engaging lever 13 is disposed near the periphery of the upper surface of the substantially fan-shaped opener operating lever 6 with its tip directed toward the central shaft 7, and the opener operating lever 6 is interposed in the middle via the support shaft 14. It is provided rotatably. A claw 15 that engages the ratchet 12 is provided at the tip of the engagement lever 13 in the door closing direction (clockwise direction), and the rear portion of the claw 15 is directed in the door opening direction. The rear end portion of the engagement lever 13 is disposed so as to face the tongue piece 6a formed so as to protrude toward the outer periphery of the opener operation lever 6, and the rear end portion of the engagement lever 13 and the opener operation lever are arranged. A biasing spring 16 (torsion coil spring) is provided between the six tongue pieces 6a. The urging spring 16 has a rotational position around the support shaft 14 of the engaging lever 13, an initial position where the engagement of the claw 15 with the ratchet 12 of the drive gear 4 is impossible, and the engagement of the claw 15 with the ratchet 12. It is urged to the engageable position where the engagement is possible.

  Further, on the upper surface of the opener operating lever 6, a stopper 17 that restricts the clockwise rotation position of the engagement lever 13 via the support shaft 14 to the initial position and a counter-action of the engagement lever 13 via the support shaft 14. A stopper 18 that restricts the clockwise rotation position to an engageable position is provided.

  In the present embodiment, the leaf spring 19 constituting the moving member for rotating the engaging lever 13 from the initial position where the engagement lever 13 cannot be engaged with the ratchet 12 to the engageable position where the engagement lever 13 can be engaged is provided. The tip of the leaf spring 19 is bent in a hook shape while being disposed near the center of the drive gear 4 facing the ratchet 12 provided on the drive gear 4. The leaf spring 19 engages the engagement lever 13 from the initial position by pushing the rear part of the claw 15 of the engagement lever 13 with its hook-shaped tip when the drive gear 4 rotates in the closing direction (clockwise). Rotate to possible position.

  Further, the closure operating lever 5 is provided with a return protrusion 22 that protrudes in the clockwise direction so as to contact the rear end side edge of the engagement lever 13. The return protrusion 22 is configured such that when the drive gear 4 rotates in the door closing direction (clockwise) and the closure operating lever 5 rotates in the door closing direction, or the drive gear 4 moves in the door opening direction (counterclockwise). When the opener operating lever 6 is rotated and rotated in the door opening direction, the rear end side edge of the engagement lever 13 abuts on the rear end side edge of the engagement lever 13 by the return protrusion 22. By being pressed, the engaging lever 13 is rotated back to the initial position where the engagement with the ratchet 12 is impossible from the engagement possible position where the engagement lever 13 can be engaged with the ratchet 12.

  In the present embodiment, the engagement relationship between the drum 3 and the drive gear 4 is a well-known configuration as disclosed in Patent Document 1 and is not illustrated, but will be described briefly. A drum protrusion protrudes from the surface of the drum 3 facing the drive gear 4, while a drum operation protrusion protruding on the track of the drum protrusion is provided on the rotating surface of the drive gear 4 facing the drum 3. .

  The drum operating projections contact the drum projections in opposite directions, thereby transmitting the rotation of the drive gear 4 to the drum 3 to rotate forward (rotate in the door opening direction, counterclockwise in FIG. 4) or reverse ( Rotate in the closing direction (clockwise in FIG. 4). That is, when the drive gear 4 rotates forward with the drum operation protrusion in contact with the drum protrusion, the drum 3 rotates forward and the door pulling cable 2 is fed out of the drum 3, and the drum operation protrusion becomes the drum protrusion. When the drive gear 4 rotates reversely in the contact state, the drum 3 is pushed and reversely rotated, and the door pulling cable 2 is wound around the outer periphery of the drum 3. The configurations and operations of the drum 3 and the drive gear 4 described above are well-known configurations and operations.

  When the door A is in the fully closed state and the drive gear 4 is in the initial position shown in FIG. 4, the drum protrusion is located close to the surface of the drum operation protrusion that faces in the forward rotation direction. Further, at this time, the projecting piece 20 of the opener operating lever 6 in a normal state is arranged facing the side surface of the gear projection 11 facing the normal rotation direction with a slight gap. When the drive gear 4 is rotated in the door opening direction (counterclockwise) from this state, the drum operation protrusion comes into contact with the drum protrusion, and then the gear protrusion 11 comes into contact with the protrusion 20 of the opener operation lever 6. It is like that.

  When the door A is fully opened and the drive gear 4 is in the initial position, the drum protrusion is positioned facing the surface facing the reverse direction of the drum operation protrusion. Further, the protrusion 21 of the closure operating lever 5 in the normal state is a position where the gear protrusion 11 reaches or slightly reverses when the driving gear 4 rotates in the reverse direction and the drum 3 rotates to the operating region of the closing assist means. Located downstream in the direction.

  Next, each switch provided in the door opening and closing device 1 will be described. When the drive gear 4 reaches the initial position, an origin switch (not shown) for detecting this and stopping the motor is provided. Also, an opener stop switch (not shown) is provided for detecting when the drive gear 4 is rotated and the opener operating lever 6 has rotated the opener 10 to the operating position to reverse the motor. . Further, a standby switch (not shown) is provided for detecting a state in which the drum 3 is reversely rotated from the fully opened state and the door A is closed to a predetermined angle and reaches the region where the closing assist means operates to stop the motor. ing. Note that the standby switch operates only when the door is closed, and does not operate when the door is opened. Although not shown, the door lock device 31 is provided with a half latch switch that detects that the latch has rotated to the half latch state and a full latch switch that detects that the latch has rotated to the full latch state. .

  In addition, a controller is provided for controlling forward, reverse, and stop of the motor in accordance with the detection signal of each switch. The controller is connected to the motor that drives the drive gear 4 to rotate, and is connected to the switches described above, that is, the origin switch, the opener stop switch, the standby switch, the half latch switch, and the full latch switch. An opening operation switch and a closing operation switch for instructing opening or closing are connected by radio or operation from the inside of the vehicle. When the half latch switch sends a detection signal to the controller, the controller starts reverse rotation of the stopped motor (clockwise direction of the drive gear 4 in FIG. 1), and when the full latch switch sends the detection signal to the controller. The controller causes the motor that has been reversed to rotate forward.

  Next, operation | movement of the door opening / closing apparatus 1 in connection with opening / closing of the door A is demonstrated.

[Manual door opening]
When manually opening the closed door A, when the door A is pushed up after unlocking the door lock device 31 by a key operation or the like, the drum protrusion of the drum 3 hits the drum operation protrusion of the drive gear 4. Therefore, the drum 3 rotates forward (rotates in the door opening direction in FIG. 1 and rotates counterclockwise) as the door A moves up, and the door pulling cable 2 is fed out. When the door A is opened to the fully open state, the drum protrusion of the drum 3 stops on the surface of the drive gear 4 facing the reverse direction of the drum operation gear protrusion. During this time, the drive gear 4, the closure operating lever 5 and the opener operating lever 6 do not move. The above operation is the same as the conventional operation.

[Manual door closing]
When the door A in the fully opened state is manually closed, the drum projection of the drum 3 is not restricted from being reversed by the drum operation projection of the drive gear 4, so that the drum 3 is spring-loaded as the door pulling cable 2 is loosened. Reversely (clockwise in FIG. 1), the door pulling cable 2 is wound up. When the door A is closed and is in a half-latch state, the half-latch switch of the door lock device 31 detects this, and accordingly the controller reverses the motor and the drive gear 4 reverses (clockwise in FIG. 1). As a result, the gear protrusion 11 of the drive gear 4 rotates in the door closing direction (clockwise in FIG. 4) and comes into contact with the protrusion 21 of the closure operating lever 5 to rotate the closure operating lever 5 clockwise. As a result, the closure 32 of the door lock device 31 is actuated to shift to the full latch state, and the door A is completely locked.

  When the door lock device 31 is in the fully latched state, the full latch switch detects this, and accordingly, the controller rotates the motor forward (counterclockwise), and the drive gear 4 rotates forward. When the drive gear 4 returns to the initial position shown in FIG. 4, the origin switch detects this, and the controller stops the motor accordingly. When the drive gear 4 returns to the initial position, the closure operating lever 5 is released from the gear projection 11 and returns to the normal state, and the closure 32 also returns to the original position.

[Electric door opening]
When the closed door A is opened electrically, the opening operation switch is operated wirelessly or from inside the vehicle. In response to an opening command from the opening operation switch, the controller operates an open lever 33 of the door lock device 31 by operating an unillustrated motor (a device different from the motor that rotates the drive gear 4), thereby locking the door. Is released (same as conventional and well-known technology). It is also possible to release the door lock by operating the open lever 33 with a wire or the like by a manual handle by an operation from inside the vehicle (conventionally known).

  Next, the controller rotates the drive gear 4 in the normal direction, rotates the drive gear 4 in the door opening direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 4), rotates the drum 3 in the normal direction, and feeds out the door pulling cable 2. . After the door lock is released, the gear protrusion 11 of the drive gear 4 abuts against the protrusion 20 of the opener operating lever 6 to rotate the opener operating lever 6 forward (turn counterclockwise) (see FIG. 5). As a result, the opener 10 is actuated to automatically open the door A from the fully closed state to the opening operation start position of the opening assist means. Subsequently, the opening assist means functions, and automatically opens the door A to the fully opened state by the extension operation. The drum 3 continues to rotate forward and feeds the door pulling cable 2 from its outer periphery.

  When the opener operating lever 6 is rotated forward to a predetermined angle and the opener 10 is operated, the opener stop switch detects this, and the controller reversely rotates the motor in response, and the drive gear 4 rotates reversely (clockwise), as shown in FIG. Return to the initial position shown. When the drive gear 4 returns to the initial position, the origin switch detects this, and the controller stops the motor accordingly. When the drive gear 4 returns to the initial position, the opener operating lever 6 is released from the gear protrusion 11 and returns to the normal state, and the opener 10 also returns to the original position.

[Electric door closing, normal closing without obstacles detected]
When the door A in the fully open state is electrically closed, the door closing switch is operated wirelessly or from inside the vehicle. The controller reverses the motor in response to the closing command by the closing operation switch. The drive gear 4 rotates in reverse with the reverse rotation of the motor (rotates in the closing direction, clockwise in FIG. 4). The drum operation protrusion of the drive gear 4 contacts the drum protrusion of the drum 3 and rotates it in the door closing direction. Then, the drum 3 rotates in the door closing direction (clockwise in FIG. 1), winds the door pulling cable 2 around the outer periphery, and the door A descends.

  When the drive gear 4 rotates in the door closing direction (clockwise) from the initial position shown in FIG. 4, the ratchet 12 and the leaf spring 19 and the gear projection 11 provided on the drive gear 4 rotate in the door closing direction (clockwise), and eventually. The hook-shaped tip of the leaf spring 19 provided in the drive gear 4 abuts on the rear portion of the claw 15 of the engagement lever 13 (see FIG. 6).

  As the drive gear 4 continues to rotate in the door closing direction, the hook-shaped tip of the leaf spring 19 pushes the rear part of the claw 15 of the engagement lever 13, thereby rotating the engagement lever 13 from the initial position to the engageable position. Move (turn counterclockwise around the spindle 14). Therefore, the claw 15 of the engagement lever 13 contacts the inner ring of the drive gear 4 (see FIG. 7). Further, the ratchet 12 moves clockwise with the subsequent rotation of the drive gear 4 in the door closing direction, and the claw 15 of the engagement lever 13 contacts the ratchet 12 of the drive gear 4 (see FIG. 8).

  The engagement state of the ratchet 12 of the drive gear 4 and the engagement lever 13 at this time corresponds to the fact that the fully opened door A is closed to a predetermined angle (the closing operation start position of the closing assist means). At that time, the standby switch sends a detection signal to the controller, and accordingly the controller stops the motor (stops in the state shown in FIG. 8). On the other hand, the closing assist means continues to function, and the door A is automatically closed to the fully closed state by the retraction operation. The drum 3 is rotated clockwise by the biasing force of the spring to wind the door pulling cable 2 around the outer periphery.

  When the door A is closed and is in a half latch state, the half latch switch of the door lock device 31 detects this, and accordingly the controller reverses the motor and the drive gear 4 rotates in the door closing direction (clockwise in FIG. 8). . Note that the teeth of the ratchet 12 are not engaged (engaged) with the claw 15 of the engagement lever 13 because the tip of the teeth of the ratchet 12 is inclined in the door opening direction (counterclockwise) with respect to the base end. Rotates in the direction of closing the door while repeatedly engaging and disengaging the claw 15 of the engaging lever 13.

  As a result of the drive gear 4 rotating in the closing direction, the gear projection 11 of the drive gear 4 abuts against the projection 21 of the closure operating lever 5 and rotates the closure operating lever 5 clockwise (see FIG. 9). As a result, the closure 32 of the door lock device 31 is operated to shift to the full latch state, and the door A is completely locked.

  Further, by the clockwise rotation of the closure operating lever 5, the return protrusion 22 projecting clockwise from the closure operating lever 5 comes into contact with the rear end side edge of the engaging lever 13, and the engaging lever When the rear end side edge of 13 is pressed clockwise by the return protrusion 22, the engagement lever 13 rotates clockwise via the support shaft 14 and can be engaged with the ratchet 12. From the engageable position, it returns to the initial position where the engagement with the ratchet 12 is impossible (see FIG. 9).

  When the door lock device 31 is in the fully latched state, the full latch switch detects this, and accordingly, the controller rotates the motor forward (counterclockwise), and the drive gear 4 rotates forward. When the drive gear 4 returns to the initial position in FIG. 4, the origin switch detects this, and the controller stops the motor accordingly. When the drive gear 4 returns to the initial position, the closure operating lever 5 is released from the gear projection 11 and returns to the normal state, and the closure 32 also returns to the original position.

[Electric door opening operation when an obstacle is detected while closing the door]
When an obstacle touches the door A frame while the door A is being closed by the closing assist means, the pressure sensor provided on the door A frame touches the obstacle. And a detection signal from the pressure sensor is input to the controller. The controller rotates the motor normally according to the detection signal of the pressure sensor. Due to the forward rotation of the motor, the drive gear 4 rotates in the door opening direction (counterclockwise) from the state shown in FIG.

When the drive gear 4 rotates in the door opening direction (counterclockwise), the claw 15 of the engagement lever 13 engages (meshes) with the ratchet 12 of the drive gear 4. The opener operating lever 6 rotates in the door opening direction (counterclockwise) via the support shaft 14. Therefore , the opener operating lever 6 rotates in the door opening direction via the engaged ratchet mechanism (the ratchet 12 and the engaging lever 13) (see FIG. 10). As a result, the opener 10 is actuated to overcome the retraction operation of the closing assist means and automatically open the door A to the opening operation start position of the opening assist means. Subsequently, the opening assist means functions, and automatically opens the door A to the fully opened state by the extension operation. The drum 3 is rotated forward by the forward rotation of the drive gear 4 and the door pulling cable 2 is fed out from the outer periphery thereof.

  Further, when the drive gear 4 rotates in the door opening direction (counterclockwise) and the opener operating lever 6 rotates in the door opening direction, the rear end portion of the engaging lever 13 is brought into contact with the return protrusion 22 of the closure operating lever 5. Engagement in which the engagement lever 13 can be engaged with the ratchet 12 by the side edges abutting (see FIG. 10) and the rear end side edge of the engagement lever 13 being pressed by the return protrusion 22. From the possible position, it is rotated back to the initial position where engagement with the ratchet 12 is impossible (rotated clockwise around the support shaft 14).

  When the engagement state of the pawl 15 of the engagement lever 13 with respect to the ratchet 12 is released, the biasing force of the spring returning to the standby position acts on the opener operating lever 6, and the engaging force is applied via the opener operating lever 6 and the support shaft 14. The combination lever 13 is integrated and reversely rotated (rotated clockwise) by the urging force of the spring to return to the standby position, and the opener 10 also returns to the original position. The drive gear 4 continues to rotate in the door opening direction and returns to the initial position in FIG. When the drive gear 4 returns to the initial position, the origin switch detects this, and the controller stops the motor accordingly.

As described above, according to the door opening and closing device of the back door of the present invention, when the door is in contact with an obstacle while the door A is being closed by the closing assist means, the pressure sensor is in contact. , The drive gear 4 rotates in the door opening direction according to the detection signal of the pressure sensor, the opener operating lever 6 is rotated in the door opening direction via the engaged ratchet mechanism, and the opener 10 is Since the operation is performed, the door A can be immediately switched to the opening operation even in the operation region of the closing assist means, and the door A can be returned to the fully opened state. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a collision with an obstacle even in the operating region of the closing assist means.

It is a front view which shows the rear part of the motor vehicle provided with the flip-up type back door which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the side view seen from one side of the rear part of a car. It is the side view seen from the other side of the rear part of a car. It is a front view which shows the principal part of the door opening / closing apparatus in an initial position. It is a principal part front view of the door opening / closing apparatus which shows the state which the gear protrusion of the drive gear at the time of door opening operation contact | abutted to the protrusion piece of the opener operation lever. It is a principal part front view of the door opening / closing apparatus which shows the state which the moving member (plate spring) of the drive gear at the time of door closing contact | abutted to the engagement lever. It is a principal part front view of the door opening / closing apparatus which shows the state which rotated the engagement lever to the position which can be engaged by the moving member (plate spring) of the drive gear at the time of door closing operation | movement. It is a principal part front view of the door opening / closing apparatus which shows the engagement state of the nail | claw of the engagement lever in the position which can be engaged with the ratchet provided in the drive gear at the time of a door closing operation | movement. It is a principal part front view of the door opening / closing apparatus which shows the rotation state of the closure operation lever by the gear protrusion of the drive gear at the time of normal door closing operation in which an obstruction is not detected by a pressure sensor. It is a principal part front view of the door opening / closing apparatus which shows the rotation state of the opener operating lever via the engagement lever engaged with the ratchet at the time of door opening operation | movement when an obstruction is detected by a pressure sensor.

Explanation of symbols

A door B vehicle body 1 door opening and closing device 2 door pulling cable 3 drum 4 drive gear 5 closure operating lever 6 opener operating lever 7 central shaft 8 closure operating cable 9 opener operating cable 10 opener 11 gear projection 12 ratchet 13 engaging lever 14 support Shaft 15 Claw 16 Biasing spring 17 Stopper 18 Stopper 19 Leaf spring (moving member)
20 Projection piece 21 Projection portion 22 Return projection piece 30 Hinge 31 Door lock device 32 Closure 33 Open lever 34 Pulley

Claims (2)

A door pulling cable having a length equal to or longer than the door opening / closing angle, a drum that opens and closes the door by feeding and winding the door pulling cable, and a door opening operation start position with respect to a fully closed state An opening assist means for automatically opening the door that has been opened to a fully opened state, a closing assist means for automatically closing the door that has been closed to the fully closed state until the door is closed, and the fully closed state. An opener that automatically opens the door from the state to the opening operation start position of the opening assist means, and a drive gear that can be driven to rotate in both the door opening direction and the door closing direction by a motor that can rotate forward and backward, A door opening and closing device for a back door provided with an opener operating lever that is provided coaxially with the drive gear and is rotatable in the door opening direction. In,
Pressure sensing means for detecting a load due to contact with an obstacle is provided on the door frame, and a ratchet mechanism that engages only when the drive gear rotates in the door opening direction is provided between the drive gear and the opener operating lever. When the pressure sensitive detecting means detects a load while the door closing operation is being performed by the closing assist means, the load detecting means detects the load according to the detection signal of the pressure sensitive detecting means. a drive gear after the rotation in the opening direction, the ratchet mechanism is engaged by rotating the opener actuating lever to said opening direction, the door opening and closing of the back door, wherein the benzalkonium actuates the opener apparatus.   2. The door opening and closing device for a back door according to claim 1, wherein the ratchet mechanism includes a ratchet provided on the drive gear and an engagement lever rotatably provided on the opener operating lever. .

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