JP4826192B2 - Pedometer - Google Patents

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JP4826192B2
JP4826192B2 JP2005280940A JP2005280940A JP4826192B2 JP 4826192 B2 JP4826192 B2 JP 4826192B2 JP 2005280940 A JP2005280940 A JP 2005280940A JP 2005280940 A JP2005280940 A JP 2005280940A JP 4826192 B2 JP4826192 B2 JP 4826192B2
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acceleration
change
age
sensor
correlation
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吉浩 松村
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Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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Description

本発明は、体力年齢を測定する歩行計に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a pedometer that measures physical fitness age.

従来、健康上或いは医療的に有用で意味のある情報を得る装置として、身体の所定部位の動作を検出する装置が提供されている（例えば、特許文献１）。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an apparatus for obtaining meaningful information that is useful for health or medical purposes, an apparatus for detecting the motion of a predetermined part of the body has been provided (for example, Patent Document 1).

この特許文献１に開示されている装置は、身体の所定の部位に装着した振動ジャイロなどの運動センシングモジュールによって運動情報を得て測定対象者の身体の状況や運動の程度を得るものである。
特開２００１−１９８１１０公報（段落番号００３２、００３８） The apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 obtains motion information by a motion sensing module such as a vibrating gyroscope attached to a predetermined part of the body, and obtains the state of the measurement subject's body and the degree of motion.
JP 2001-198110 A (paragraph numbers 0032 and 0038)

ところで、人は高齢になって脚力が弱ってくると、足の蹴りの力が弱くなり、歩幅が減少する。また、転倒を防ぐために、足底の中心に重心がくるような動きとなり、摺り足歩行と呼ばれる歩行となるといわれている。このような日常の歩行の特徴を捉えて脚力の低下（体力年齢）を測定する装置が希求されているが、上述の特許文献１に開示されている装置では、身体の運動の特徴を捉えることができるものの、歩行の特徴を詳細に捉えて脚力の低下などを知ることはできなかった。 By the way, when a person becomes older and his leg strength becomes weaker, his kicking force becomes weaker and his stride decreases. Moreover, in order to prevent a fall, it is said that it becomes a walk called a sliding foot walk, as the center of gravity moves to the center of the sole. Although apparatus for measuring the reduction in leg strength captures features of walking such daily (physical age) has been desired, in the equipment that is disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, it captures the characteristic of physical exercise Although it was possible, it was impossible to know the characteristics of walking in detail and to know the decrease in leg strength.

本発明は、上述の点に鑑みて為されたもので、その目的とするところは、日常の歩行の特徴から測定対象者の体力年齢を推定することができる歩行計を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pedometer that can estimate the physical strength age of the person to be measured from the characteristics of daily walking.

上述の目的を達成するために、請求項１の発明では、測定対象者に装着され、測定対象者の体幹の進行方向の加速度変化及び、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化を検出するセンサと、進行方向の加速度変化、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化、及び、年齢との相関関係を予め測定して記憶した記憶部と、センサで検出した進行方向の加速度変化と横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化と相関関係から体力年齢を推定する手段とを備えていることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above-described object, in the invention of claim 1, a sensor that is attached to a measurement subject and detects an acceleration change in a traveling direction of the trunk of the measurement subject and a lateral or vertical acceleration change, and , Acceleration change in the direction of travel, acceleration change in the lateral direction or vertical direction , and a storage unit that measures and stores the correlation with age in advance , acceleration change in the direction of travel detected by the sensor and lateral or vertical direction And means for estimating physical fitness age from the change in acceleration and the correlation.

請求項１の発明によれば、年齢とともに歩行状態が進行方向の変化よりも横方向の変化が大きくなるという特徴を捉えて体力年齢を測定することができるもので、測定対象者の日常の歩行活動から簡単に測定できるため、筋力測定等のように測定対象者に負担を強いることもない。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to measure the physical fitness age by capturing the feature that the change in the lateral direction is larger than the change in the traveling direction with the age. Because it can be easily measured from the activity, it does not impose a burden on the person being measured like muscle strength measurement.

また、請求項１の発明では、体力年齢を推定する手段は、センサで検出した進行方向の加速度変化をセンサで検出した横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化で除した値と、相関関係から体力年齢を推定することを特徴とする。 Further, in the invention billed to claim 1, means for estimating the body force age, a value obtained by dividing the acceleration change in the lateral or vertical direction acceleration change of the detected traveling direction is detected by the sensor in the sensor, the correlation between It is characterized by estimating the age of physical fitness.

請求項２の発明では、測定対象者に装着され、測定対象者の体幹の進行方向の加速度変化及び、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化を検出するセンサと、進行方向の加速度変化、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化、及び、年齢との相関関係を予め測定して記憶した記憶部と、センサで検出した進行方向の加速度変化と横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化と相関関係から体力年齢を推定する手段とを備え、体力年齢を推定する手段は、センサで検出した横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化を３軸の加速度のベクトルの大きさで除した値と、相関関係から体力年齢を推定することを特徴とする。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, a sensor that is attached to the measurement subject and detects the acceleration change in the traveling direction of the trunk of the measurement subject and the acceleration change in the lateral direction or the vertical direction, the acceleration change in the traveling direction, and the lateral direction Or the physical strength age is calculated from the correlation between the acceleration change in the vertical direction and the correlation between the acceleration change in the advancing direction detected by the sensor and the acceleration change in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. The means for estimating the physical fitness age is estimated from the correlation between the lateral or vertical acceleration change detected by the sensor and the magnitude of the triaxial acceleration vector. It is characterized by doing.

請求項３の発明では、測定対象者に装着され、測定対象者の体幹の進行方向の加速度変化及び、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化を検出するセンサと、進行方向の加速度変化、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化、及び、年齢との相関関係を予め測定して記憶した記憶部と、センサで検出した進行方向の加速度変化と横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化と相関関係から体力年齢を推定する手段とを備え、体力年齢を推定する手段は、センサで検出した進行方向の加速度変化を３軸の加速度のベクトルの大きさで除した値と、相関関係から体力年齢を推定することを特徴とする。 In the invention of claim 3, a sensor that is attached to the measurement subject and detects an acceleration change in the advancing direction of the trunk of the measurement subject and an acceleration change in the lateral direction or the vertical direction, an acceleration change in the advancing direction, and a lateral direction Or the physical strength age is calculated from the correlation between the acceleration change in the vertical direction and the correlation between the acceleration change in the advancing direction detected by the sensor and the acceleration change in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. Means for estimating the age of physical fitness, and estimating the age of physical fitness from a value obtained by dividing a change in acceleration in the traveling direction detected by the sensor by the magnitude of a vector of three-axis acceleration, and a correlation. Features.

本発明は、年齢とともに歩行状態が進行方向の変化よりも横方向の変化が大きくなるという特徴を捉えて体力年齢を推定することができるもので、測定対象者の日常の歩行活動から簡単に測定できるため、筋力測定等のように測定対象者に負担を強いることもないという効果がある。    The present invention can estimate the physical fitness age by capturing the feature that the lateral change is larger than the change of the traveling direction with age, and can be easily measured from the daily walking activity of the measurement subject. Therefore, there is an effect that it does not impose a burden on the person to be measured like muscle strength measurement.

まず本発明の原理について簡単に説明する。   First, the principle of the present invention will be briefly described.

２軸の加速度センサを人の体幹の中心付近に装着して歩行を行って貰い、体幹の進行方向と横方向の或る一定時間の加速度の変動平均Ｓｘ＜進行方向＞、Ｓｙ＜横方向＞を下式のように標準偏差として求め、それらの変動の状態を６５歳以上の高齢者と、６５歳未満の若齢者とで比較してみた。   A two-axis acceleration sensor is mounted near the center of the human trunk and walks, and the fluctuation averages Sx <traveling direction> and Sy <horizontal of acceleration over a certain time in the traveling direction and lateral direction of the trunk. The direction> was obtained as a standard deviation as in the following equation, and the state of the fluctuation was compared between an elderly person over 65 years old and a young person under 65 years old.

Figure 0004826192
Figure 0004826192

図２は比較のために、進行方向の加速度変動を横軸に、横方向の加速度変動を縦軸にとり、高齢者（◆）、若齢者（×）別にプロットしたものである。 For comparison, FIG. 2 plots the acceleration fluctuation in the traveling direction on the horizontal axis and the acceleration fluctuation in the horizontal direction on the vertical axis, and is plotted for the elderly (♦) and the young (×).

この図２から、高齢者の方の傾き（Ｉ）が若齢者の傾き(II）よりも傾きが大きく、高齢者になると進行方向の加速度変動よりも横方向の変動の増加が大きいことがわかる。従って横方向の平均変動Ｓｙを進行方向の平均変動Ｓｘで除する形で求める比（Ｒｘｙ＝Ｓｙ／Ｓｘ）と年齢或いは他の体力測定項目から推定される体力年齢の関係は年齢の増加に従い、Ｒｘｙが増加することがわかる。 The 2 or al, the slope of the elderly (I) is larger slope than the slope of the young (II), that the increase in the lateral variation is larger than the acceleration variations of the traveling direction becomes elderly I understand. Therefore, the relationship between the ratio (Rxy = Sy / Sx) obtained by dividing the average fluctuation Sy in the horizontal direction by the average fluctuation Sx in the traveling direction and the age of physical fitness estimated from age or other physical fitness measurement items is as the age increases. It can be seen that Rxy increases.

横方向に代えて鉛直方向の加速度の変動においても同様な結果が得られることが確認できた。   It was confirmed that the same result was obtained even when the acceleration was changed in the vertical direction instead of in the horizontal direction.

そこで、本発明では、進行方向の加速度変化と横方向（又は鉛直方向）の加速度変化との比（Ｒｘ／Ｒｙ）と年齢との相関関係を予め求めて、この相関関係をテーブル或いは近似式として標準的なデータベースとして備え、測定対象者に装着した加速度センサの検出情報から求まる進行方向の加速度変動と横方向（又は鉛直方向）の加速度変動との比と、相関関係から当該測定対象者の体力年齢を推定するのである。   Therefore, in the present invention, the correlation between the ratio of the acceleration change in the traveling direction and the lateral (or vertical) acceleration change (Rx / Ry) and the age is obtained in advance, and this correlation is expressed as a table or approximate expression. Prepared as a standard database, and the physical strength of the measurement subject based on the correlation between the ratio of the acceleration fluctuation in the traveling direction and the lateral (or vertical) acceleration fluctuation obtained from the detection information of the acceleration sensor attached to the measurement subject Estimate age.

以下本発明の実施形態を説明する。
（実施形態１）
本実施形態の歩行計１は、図１（ａ）に示すように２軸の加速度センサ２と、上述の相関関係のデータベースとして予め記憶している記憶部３と、加速度センサ２の検出加速度と記憶部３の相関関係のデータとから体力年齢を推定する処理を行う演算部４と、演算部４で推定された体力年齢を表示する表示部５と、電池電源６とからなり、図１（ｂ）に示す筐体７にこれら回路構成要素を内蔵するとともに、表示部５の表示面及び電源スイッチＳＷの操作部を筐体７の前面に露出させている。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
(Embodiment 1)
As shown in FIG. 1A, the pedometer 1 of the present embodiment includes a biaxial acceleration sensor 2, a storage unit 3 that is stored in advance as the above-described correlation database, and a detected acceleration of the acceleration sensor 2. 1 includes a calculation unit 4 that performs a process of estimating the physical fitness age from the correlation data in the storage unit 3, a display unit 5 that displays the physical fitness age estimated by the calculation unit 4, and a battery power source 6. The circuit 7 is built in the housing 7 shown in FIG. 5B, and the display surface of the display unit 5 and the operation unit of the power switch SW are exposed on the front surface of the housing 7.

このように構成された本実施形態の歩行計１は、図１（ｃ）に示すように測定対象者の腰部に巻き付けるベルト８の中央部に設けたポケット部９内に収納し、図１（ｄ）に示すように測定対象者Ｍの体幹の中央部（正面側又は背面）に配されるようにベルト８により測定対象者Ｍに装着される。尚１０はベルト８の一端部側に設けた面状ファスナーであって、ベルト８の他端側に設けた受け側の面状ファスナー（図示せず）と結合するようになっている。 The pedometer 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above is housed in a pocket portion 9 provided at the center of a belt 8 wound around the waist of a measurement subject as shown in FIG. As shown in d), the measurement subject M is attached to the measurement subject M by the belt 8 so as to be arranged at the central part (front side or back side) of the trunk of the measurement subject M. Reference numeral 10 denotes a sheet-like fastener provided on one end side of the belt 8, which is coupled to a sheet-like fastener (not shown) on the receiving side provided on the other end side of the belt 8.

而して、歩行計１は図１（ｄ）のようにベルト８で測定対象者Ｍの体幹の中央部（正面又は背面）に装着され、電源スイッチＳＷがオンされると、演算部４が２軸の加速度センサ２の検出加速度の変化から測定対象者Ｍが歩行状態であるか否かを判断するとともに、歩行状態おいて、１日の中で数回一定時間内における進行方向（前方方向）の加速度の変動平均Ｓｘと、体幹の横方向の加速度の変動平均Ｓｙとからその比（Ｒｘｙ＝Ｓｙ／Ｓｘ）を求め、その求めた比Ｒｘｙと、記憶部３に記憶されている相関関係とから当該測定対象者Ｍの体力年齢を推定する処理を行い、その推定結果を表示部５で表示する。これにより測定対象者Ｍは自己の体力年齢を知り、健康に対する注意をはらうことができることになる。
（実施形態２）
上記実施形態１では加速度センサ２として２軸の加速度センサを用いているが、本実施形態では加速度センサ２として３軸の加速度センサを用い、演算部４では、加速度センサ２からの３軸の検出加速度から３軸加速度のベクトルの大きさ（ノルム）を求め、下式のように横方向の加速度の平均変動Ｓｙをノルムの平均変動（√（Ｓｘ２＋Ｓｙ２＋Ｓｚ２）で徐することで比（Ｒｎｙ）を下式のように求める演算を行い、この比（Ｒｎｙ）と、記憶部３に記憶されている相関関係とから体力年齢を推定する処理を行う点で実施形態１と相違する。尚横方向の代わりに進行方向の速度度の平均変動Ｓｘを用いても良い。 Thus, the pedometer 1 is attached to the center (front or back) of the trunk of the measurement subject M with the belt 8 as shown in FIG. 1D, and when the power switch SW is turned on, the arithmetic unit 4 Is determined from the change in acceleration detected by the biaxial acceleration sensor 2 whether or not the measurement subject M is in a walking state, and in the walking state, the traveling direction (forward) The ratio (Rxy = Sy / Sx) is obtained from the fluctuation average Sx of the acceleration in the direction) and the fluctuation average Sy of the lateral acceleration of the trunk, and the obtained ratio Rxy is stored in the storage unit 3. A process of estimating the physical fitness age of the measurement subject M is performed from the correlation, and the estimation result is displayed on the display unit 5. As a result, the measurement subject M knows his / her physical strength age and can take care of his / her health.
(Embodiment 2)
In the first embodiment, a biaxial acceleration sensor is used as the acceleration sensor 2. However, in the present embodiment, a triaxial acceleration sensor is used as the acceleration sensor 2, and the arithmetic unit 4 detects three axes from the acceleration sensor 2. The magnitude (norm) of the triaxial acceleration vector is obtained from the acceleration, and the ratio is obtained by gradually reducing the average fluctuation Sy of the lateral acceleration by the average fluctuation (√ (Sx 2 + Sy 2 + Sz 2 )) as shown in the following equation. It is different from the first embodiment in that a calculation for obtaining (Rny) as shown in the following equation is performed, and a process for estimating the age of physical fitness from the ratio (Rny) and the correlation stored in the storage unit 3 is performed. Instead of the horizontal direction, the average fluctuation Sx of the speed in the traveling direction may be used.

Figure 0004826192
Figure 0004826192

尚平方根をとらず、
Ｒｎ＝Ｓｙ／（Ｓｘ２＋Ｓｙ２＋Ｓｚ２）
としても同様に体力年齢の推定に用いることができる。 In addition, do not take the square root,
Rn = Sy / (Sx 2 + Sy 2 + Sz 2)
Can also be used for estimation of physical fitness age.

ところで、高齢者になると摺り足方向となるため、上下動が少なくなることから、横方向の加速度の平均変動Ｓｙに代えて鉛直方向の加速度の平均変動Ｓｚを用いて上述の比を求めるようにしても良い。   By the way, since it becomes a sliding foot direction when becoming an elderly person, since the vertical movement decreases, the above-mentioned ratio is obtained by using the average fluctuation Sz of the acceleration in the vertical direction instead of the average fluctuation Sy of the acceleration in the horizontal direction. May be.

この場合は当然記憶部３に記憶させる年齢との相関関係に用いる比は横方向の代わりに鉛直方向を用いて求めた比とする。   In this case, the ratio used for the correlation with the age stored in the storage unit 3 is naturally the ratio obtained using the vertical direction instead of the horizontal direction.

また加速度センサの代わりに２軸以上の角速度を検出する角速度センサや、体幹の前後軸（進行方向）を中心としたロール方向の角速度と進行方向の加速度を夫々別個のセンサを用い、上述のいうな比を求めて年齢との相関関係から体力年齢の推定を行うようにしても良い。   Further, instead of the acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor that detects angular velocities of two or more axes, or a separate sensor for the angular velocity in the roll direction and the acceleration in the traveling direction around the longitudinal axis (traveling direction) of the trunk, A so-called ratio may be obtained to estimate the age of physical fitness from the correlation with age.

（ａ）は実施形態１の回路構成図、（ｂ）は実施形態１の外観斜視図、（ｃ）は実施形態１を装着するためのベルトの一部省略せる斜視図、（ｄ）は実施形態１の使用状態図である。(A) is a circuit configuration diagram of Embodiment 1, (b) is an external perspective view of Embodiment 1, (c) is a perspective view in which a part of a belt for mounting Embodiment 1 can be omitted, and (d) is an implementation. It is a use state figure of form 1. 本発明の原理説明図である。It is a principle explanatory view of the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 加速度センサ
２ 記憶部
３ 演算部
４ 表示部 1 Acceleration sensor 2 Storage unit 3 Calculation unit 4 Display unit

Claims (3)

測定対象者に装着され、測定対象者の体幹の進行方向の加速度変化及び、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化を検出するセンサと、
進行方向の加速度変化、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化、及び、年齢との相関関係を予め測定して記憶した記憶部と、
前記センサで検出した進行方向の加速度変化と横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化と前記記憶部に記憶された前記相関関係から体力年齢を推定する手段とを備え、前記体力年齢を推定する手段は、前記センサで検出した進行方向の加速度変化を前記センサで検出した横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化で除した値と、前記相関関係から体力年齢を推定することを特徴とする歩行計。 A sensor that is attached to the measurement subject and detects a change in acceleration of the trunk of the measurement subject and a change in acceleration in the lateral direction or the vertical direction;
A storage unit that measures and stores in advance the acceleration change in the traveling direction, the acceleration change in the lateral direction or the vertical direction, and the correlation with age;
E Bei and means for estimating a physical age from the correlation stored in the acceleration change and the storage unit of acceleration change and lateral or vertical direction of the traveling direction detected by the sensor, means for estimating the physical age are A pedometer that estimates a physical fitness age from a value obtained by dividing a change in acceleration in a traveling direction detected by the sensor by a change in acceleration in a lateral direction or a vertical direction detected by the sensor and the correlation . 測定対象者に装着され、測定対象者の体幹の進行方向の加速度変化及び、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化を検出するセンサと、
進行方向の加速度変化、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化、及び、年齢との相関関係を予め測定して記憶した記憶部と、
前記センサで検出した進行方向の加速度変化と横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化と前記記憶部に記憶された前記相関関係から体力年齢を推定する手段とを備え、前記体力年齢を推定する手段は、前記センサで検出した横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化を３軸の加速度のベクトルの大きさで除した値と、前記相関関係から体力年齢を推定することを特徴とする歩行計。 A sensor that is attached to the measurement subject and detects a change in acceleration of the trunk of the measurement subject and a change in acceleration in the lateral direction or the vertical direction;
A storage unit that measures and stores in advance the acceleration change in the traveling direction, the acceleration change in the lateral direction or the vertical direction, and the correlation with age;
And means for estimating a physical age from the correlation stored in the acceleration change and the storage unit of acceleration change and lateral or vertical direction of the traveling direction detected by the sensor, means for estimating the pre-Symbol physical age is , lateral or vertical direction and divided by the magnitude of the acceleration vector of the three-axis acceleration change of gait meter you and estimates physical age from the correlation detected by the sensor. 測定対象者に装着され、測定対象者の体幹の進行方向の加速度変化及び、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化を検出するセンサと、
進行方向の加速度変化、横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化、及び、年齢との相関関係を予め測定して記憶した記憶部と、
前記センサで検出した進行方向の加速度変化と横方向又は鉛直方向の加速度変化と前記記憶部に記憶された前記相関関係から体力年齢を推定する手段とを備え、前記体力年齢を推定する手段は、前記センサで検出した進行方向の加速度変化を３軸の加速度のベクトルの大きさで除した値と、前記相関関係から体力年齢を推定することを特徴とする歩行計。 A sensor that is attached to the measurement subject and detects a change in acceleration of the trunk of the measurement subject and a change in acceleration in the lateral direction or the vertical direction;
A storage unit that measures and stores in advance the acceleration change in the traveling direction, the acceleration change in the lateral direction or the vertical direction, and the correlation with age;
And means for estimating a physical age from the correlation stored in the acceleration change and the storage unit of acceleration change and lateral or vertical direction of the traveling direction detected by the sensor, means for estimating the pre-Symbol physical age is , a value obtained by dividing the magnitude of the acceleration vector of the three-axis acceleration change in progress direction detected by the sensor, walking meter you and estimates physical age from the correlation.
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