JP4826038B2 - Conveying device in onion stem and leaf processing machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a conveying device in a foliage processing machine or the like that cuts and removes the foliage of harvested onions.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there is a stationary onion harvesting device as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-89372, and on the transport path for the purpose of automatically transferring the onion with a foliage to a foliage processing device automatically by a predetermined amount without damaging the onion. There is a configuration in which the top of the accumulated onion group is detected, and when a predetermined amount is detected, the operation of the carry-in conveyor is stopped.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the said form, since it depends on selection of whether a carrying-in conveyor is stopped or drive | operated, highly accurate control cannot be performed. In any case, the carry-in conveyor simply repeats operation and stop, and the amount of accumulation cannot be made uniform.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to supply a constant amount at all times during the transportation of onions accompanied by a stem and leaf part in an onion stem and leaves processing machine or the like.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has taken the following technical means.
That is, in the invention according to claim 1, the ascending conveyor (11) is erected on the terminal side of the material conveyor (8) that is driven via the transmission (9) and sequentially takes out the onion from the material hopper (7) and conveys it. And a detecting means (65) for detecting the accumulation state of the objects to be sorted is provided at the transfer portion from the material conveyor (8) to the ascending conveyor (11), and the transmission (9) is controlled to shift based on the detection result. to the conveying apparatus in the foliar treatment machine or the like of the onions, as well as configured to transmit the displacement of the detection arm (65b) by said detecting means (65) to the operating member shifting device (9) to shift interlock (68), the It is set as the structure of the conveying apparatus in the onion foliage processing machine etc. which provided the sensitivity adjustment means which changes the relationship with the operation amount of the operation member (68) with respect to the displacement of a detection arm (65b) .
[0006]
According to this configuration, the detection means (65) detects the onion accumulation state of the takeover portion from the raw material conveyor (8) to the ascending conveyor (11) , and the operation member (68) according to the detection result of the detection means (65). ) Is configured to change the speed of the raw material conveyor (8) by interlocking the transmission (9), so when the onion is in an excessive supply state, the speed of the raw material conveyor (8) is reduced to below the standard amount. because when the can increase the rate of the raw material conveyor (8), the supply amount of the onion to increase conveyor (11) Ru cheap Teisu.
Further, by providing the sensitivity adjusting means (73) for changing the relationship between the operation amount of the operation member (68) with respect to the displacement of the detection arm (65b) of the detection means (60), the detection arm (65b) is rotated. Even if the angle is constant, the amount of operation of the operation member (68) can be set to a larger or smaller value, so the degree of change in the speed of the material conveyor (8) corresponding to the change in the amount of onion storage can be changed arbitrarily. Can be set.
[0007]
The invention according to claim 2, as well as configured to transmit the displacement of the detection arm (65b) by said detecting means (65) to the operating member of the transmission to shift interlock (68), the detecting arm (65b) A manual lever (71) that interlocks with each other is provided , and the conveying device in the onion foliage processing machine or the like according to claim 1 is used.
[0008]
Accordingly, the displacement of the detection arm (65b) can be changed by the manual lever (71), so that the shift control means can be shared .
[0009]
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, according to the invention described in claim 1, can be carried out Runode can Rukoto stabilize the supply amount of increase conveyor (11), the foliage disconnection processing operations such as the post-process accurately.
Also, it meets amount reservoir watching the state of the onion marked with foliage part material conveyor (8) can be set change amount of the speed Runode, stability of the supply increase as the transported object.
[0011]
Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 2 , in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 , since the operation of the manual lever (71) is directly transmitted to the detection arm (65b) , the subsequent transmission (9) it is possible to simplify the configuration Hakare is combined of the shift control means to.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The machine frame 1 on which the foliage processing unit, the sorting unit, and the like are mounted includes a left and right frame member that is long in the front and back and a ladder frame that is connected to the left and right at several points in the middle. And the front side is supported by a stand member 3 that can be adjusted up and down.
[0013]
A damper support column 4 is erected at the front end portion of the machine frame 1, and an upper end portion of the vertical frame 5 a of the raw material container base 5 is pivoted to extend and contract the hydraulic cylinder mechanism 16 together with the receiving frame 5 b that receives the raw material container 6. Accordingly, the container 6 can be inverted by rotating up and down. 7 is a raw material hopper which receives the onion supplied by the reversal of the raw material container 6, is provided in a chute form, and has a configuration in which the raw material conveyor 8 is seen on the lower end discharge side. That is, the material conveyor 8 in the form of a belt conveyor having a wide width on the right and left and formed with engaging lugs 8a, 8a... At a predetermined interval is provided to be slightly inclined rearward and upward from the lower end of the front end. The raw material hopper 7 is positioned on the intermediate portion from the start end side, and the onion of the raw material hopper 7 can be pulled out and conveyed while being engaged by the engagement lugs 8a, 8a. The raw material conveyor 8 is configured to be interlocked so that the driven pulley 8b provided on the inclined lower end side is driven by the continuously variable transmission 9 so that the conveyance speed can be changed. The continuously variable transmission 9 is a hydrostatic type (HST). ), And is driven by an engine 10 mounted on the machine frame 1 using a dead space formed by the damper support 4 and the inclined guide surface of the raw material hopper 7.
[0014]
The conveying conveyor terminal side of the raw material conveyor 8 is placed on the first ascending conveyor 11, and the conveyed onion is transferred to the buckets 11 a, 11 a. The ascending conveyor 11 should be formed with a substantially vertical conveying surface and a short horizontal conveying surface, and the intermediate conveyor 12 is seen at the end of the horizontal conveying surface. It is the structure which can be supplied to this intermediate conveyor 12 surface.
[0015]
The intermediate conveyor 12 has a configuration in which a belt conveyor is hung between front and rear pulleys, and the transfer direction of the intermediate conveyor 12 can transmit power to a drive roller so as to transfer in the direction opposite to the horizontal conveyance surface of the first ascending conveyor 11. In addition, a guide chute 13 is provided on the discharge side to supply the onion with foliage to the foliage treatment unit 14. A motor 15 drives the first ascending conveyor 11, the intermediate conveyor 12, and the ascending conveyor described later.
[0016]
Below the intermediate conveyor 12, a foliage processing unit 14 is provided in which a plurality of pairs of a driving roller 20 that wraps a spiral strip 20 a around the outer periphery and a driven roller 21 that does not configure the spiral strip are provided. The driving roller 20 and the driven roller 21 are alternately arranged. Of these, the driving roller 20 is provided with a sprocket (not shown) and is wound around a chain so that the driving roller 20 and the driven roller 21 can be linked to each other. On the other hand, the driven roller 21 is rotationally interlocked in the opposite direction to the driving roller 20 by the pressure contact with the pressure driving roller 20. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, these rollers 20 and 21 are rotatably provided at the upper ends of arms 23, 23... Swingable back and forth with respect to the frame portion 22, and form a pair of foliage treatment. The adjacent arms different from the roller group are connected by rods 24, 24. Further, the arms 23a at both ends are configured to receive the pressure of the pistons 25a and 25a of the front and rear hydraulic cylinder mechanisms 25 and 25, and are configured to press-contact the pair of driving and driven rollers 20 and 21. The supply of the pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder mechanism 25 branches from a circuit 27 that becomes a high pressure during the normal rotation of the hydraulic motor 26 that drives the drive roller 20, and is performed via a pressure reducing valve 28. Note that the biting state is urgently avoided by linking the hydraulic motor 26 in reverse. At this time, the hydraulic oil supply circuit 29 for reverse rotation becomes high pressure, but since the circuit 27 is low pressure, supply of hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder mechanism 25 is interrupted, and the pressure contact state between the driving roller 20 and the driven roller 21 is This is a configuration to be released. Since the driving roller 20 and the driven roller 21 rotate in directions opposite to each other, the onion entering between them is pulled down by the spiral strip 20a and its stem and leaf portion is pulled down, and finally the spiral strip 20a. It is forcibly cut at the surface of the opposed driven roller 21. In the illustrated example, the spiral strip is configured only on the driving roller 20 side, but may be configured on the driven roller 21 side, or may be configured on both the rollers 20 and 21.
[0017]
Below the plurality of sets of driving rollers 20 and driven rollers 21, a foliage discharging device 30 that receives cut foliage and weeds is configured. That is, it comprises a funnel member 31 and an exhaust fan body 32 connected to the lower surface of the funnel member 31, and the exhaust fan 33 built in the fan body 32 is rotationally driven around a vertical axis 34 that is linked to a hydraulic motor 37. In this configuration, the stems and leaves separated by the discharge cylinder 35 connected to the fan body 32 are collected and discharged. The flange portion 31a formed at the lower end portion of the funnel member 31 and the flange portion 32a formed at the exhaust fan body 32 are joined and fixed, but a long hole 36 is formed in one of them and the discharge tube 35 is rotated around the vertical axis. It can be changed and adjusted.
[0018]
The end portion of the foliage processing unit 14 corresponds to the vicinity of the rear end portion of the machine frame 1, and the onion subjected to the foliage treatment has a chute 40b directed toward the conveyance start end portion of the second ascending conveyor 40 standing on the rear end portion. It is the structure supplied via this. The second ascending conveyor 40 includes buckets 40a, 40a,... Having the same form as the first ascending conveyor 11, and is configured to be supplied to the start side of the sorting unit 40 above the machine frame 1. That is, the transport upper part of the ascending conveyor 40 is configured to change the path obliquely from the vertical posture, and the onion is removed from the bucket 40a at the path change point, and is moved to the small ball removing part 42 at the start of the selection part 41 through the chute 40b. Moved. The small ball removing portion 42 is formed by disposing disks 42b, 42b,... At a predetermined interval on a left and right axis 42a, and the small balls fall down from the disks 42b, 42b,. The onion does not fall and can move to the subsequent sorting conveyor 43 along the end face of the disk 42b, and both are separated and sorted.
[0019]
A small ball chute 44 is provided below the small ball removing portion 42 and is stored in a small ball storage container 45 installed on the ground on one side of the machine body 1. The base of the small ball chute 44 is detachably attached to the machine casing 1 and can be removed when not working.
[0020]
The sorting conveyor 43 is in the form of a roller conveyor, and is configured to be able to convey a standard ball diameter ball toward the end side while rolling. Steps 46 and 46 are provided so as to be positioned on both sides of the sorting conveyor 43, and in this step 46 and 46, an operator visually inspects the appearance of the onion sequentially sent by the sorting conveyor 43, so that it is scratched or damaged. The configuration is such that an external product can be selected and put into the external product receiving boxes 47 and 47 beside the sorting conveyor 43. The external product receiving boxes 47 and 47 communicate with an external product conveyor 49 via guide chutes 48 and 48. This external product conveyor 49 is in the form of a belt conveyor, and is configured to transfer the external product onion toward the external product storage container 50 installed on the ground on the other side of the machine frame 1 opposite to the small ball storage container 45. . A drop buffer gate 59 is configured to be detachable at the front end side of the external product conveyor 49. When a predetermined weight is accumulated, the receiving body rotates against an unillustrated spring to drop the onion downward, and to the container 50. It is configured to mitigate the impact when falling. Further, the external product conveyor 49 is provided such that the front end side 49a can be folded around the fulcrum shaft 49c with respect to the main body side 49b portion, and the left and right width can be shortened when not in use.
[0021]
On the other hand, the onion, which has been determined to be non-defective by visual determination during the conveyance of the sorting conveyor 43, is received by the product conveyor 51. The product conveyor 51 is in the form of a belt conveyor, and is driven by a hydraulic motor 52. The product conveyor 51 is switched to forward / reverse interlocking based on the switching operation of the operation lever 53.
[0022]
Further, the product conveyor 51 is provided so as to be reciprocally movable left and right by the support mechanism of the machine frame 1 and moves in a desired direction only for the operation time of the switch 56 according to the selective setting of the forward / reverse switch 56 of the electric motor 55. sell. The product containers 57 and 57 are placed on standby at the left and right end sides of the product conveyor 51. As shown in FIG. 13, the container stand column 58 is placed on the machine frame 1 around the pivot point of the machine frame 1 as shown in FIG. The inclination angle to the outside can be set by an elastic member 60 (which is a turnbuckle in the illustrated example) that connects the left and right container base columns 58 to each other. In addition, after positioning by the expansion-contraction member 60, the container stand column 58 can be fixed rigidly by fastening and fixing the base of the column support stay 61. The upper part of the container base column 58 is rotatably supported on the upper part of the vertical frame part 62a of the container base 62, and a mounting frame 62b on which the container 57 is placed is connected to the vertical frame 62a by a support pin 62c. It is configured to be switched and fixed between a working posture (FIG. 13) projecting into an L shape with the adjacent fastener insertion holes 62d and 62d and a housing posture (FIG. 14) where both overlap. Reference numeral 63 denotes a hydraulic cylinder for tilting that tilts the container table 62 at an arbitrary angle.
[0023]
The product conveyor 51 is provided such that one end 51a of the front end side is pivoted upward with respect to the main body 51b around the fulcrum shaft 54 and can be folded, and the right and left width can be shortened in combination with the left and right movement configuration. It is a configuration. Next, the shift control mechanism of the material conveyor 8 will be described. Detection means 65 is provided to detect the amount of raw material, that is, the amount of onion from the terminal portion of the raw material conveyor 8 to the first ascending conveyor 11, and the detection result is fed back to the trunnion shaft 66 of the HST 9 to feed the raw material conveyor 8 It is the structure which tries to change the moving speed of this to high and low. Among these, the detection means 65 is an operation rod whose one end is linked to the trunnion shaft 66 while the detection arm 65b having a detection roller 65a supported at its front end is supported by a shaft 67 on an extension member of the machine frame 1 as appropriate. The other end of 68 is connected to the slide shaft 69, and the cylindrical body 70 through which the slide shaft 69 is inserted is supported by the shaft 67 integrally with the detection arm 65b. The up-and-down movement of 65b is converted into the reciprocating movement of the operating rod 68, and the trunnion shaft 66 can be linked to forward and reverse rotation.
[0024]
An interlocking arm 65c is provided on the base end side of the detection arm 65b, the interlocking arm 65c and the manual lever 71 are connected by a rod 72, and the HST output can be changed by hand operation. When the position is operated, a state where there is no HST output, that is, a state where the conveyor 8 is stopped can be selected. Reference numeral 73 denotes a sensitivity adjustment lever, which can adjust the rotation angle of the trunnion shaft 66 according to the rotation angle of the detection arm 65b by changing the relative position of the sliding shaft 69 with respect to the cylindrical body 70. When the interlocking wire 74 is rotated in the direction of the arrow B against the spring 75, the distance between the shaft 67 fulcrum and the connecting portion of the operating rod 68 is shortened, and the amount of displacement to the trunnion shaft 66 is reduced to reduce the material conveyor 8. The shift width of is made small. When operated in the reverse direction, the distance 75 is increased by the spring 75, and the displacement amount of the trunnion shaft 66 is increased even with the same movement of the detection arm 65b. When the detection arm 65b is raised, the operation rod 68 is pulled to lower the speed of the raw material conveyor 8, and conversely, when the detection arm 65b is lowered, the speed of the raw material conveyor 8 is increased.
[0025]
An operation unit 76 is provided on one side of the sorting conveyor 43. In addition to the forward / reverse switch 56, the manual lever 71, and the sensitivity adjustment lever 73, an elevating lever 77 for raising and lowering the raw material container table 5 and left and right product container tables 62 Elevating levers 78 and 78 that move up and down are provided. In addition, a switching lever that drives each conveyor or interlocks with forward / reverse rotation is provided, 81 is a switching lever that interlocks the first and second ascending conveyors 11 and 40, the external article conveyor 49, and the sorting conveyor 43, and 82 is a product. A switching lever 83 that links the conveyor 51 forward and backward, and 83 is a switching lever that links the drive roller 20 of the foliage processing unit 14 forward and backward. The exhaust fan 33 may have a configuration (FIG. 7) in which hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic motor 37 when the engine 10 is started without having a dedicated switching lever. However, a separate switching lever 84 is provided to arbitrarily enter and exit. It may be provided so that it can be operated at hand (FIG. 14). As shown in FIG. 16, the arrangement configuration of the operation levers in the operation box 85 in the operation unit 76 is set to “left out” or “right out” by forward / reverse switching for a product conveyor that is relatively frequently operated during work. The switch lever 82 is placed at the highest position so that it can be operated in the left-right direction, and then the raising and lowering levers 77 and 78 for the container-related raising and lowering operations that need to be operated during work are arranged. The switching lever 81 of the sorting conveyor 43 and the switching lever 83 of the foliage processing unit that are operated in accordance with switching between work and non-work are collectively arranged on the lower side. Further, the manual lever 71 is arranged on the left side of the operation box 85 and the sensitivity adjustment lever 73 is arranged on the right side, and can be rotated in the front-rear direction. As described above, the similar components are arranged close to each other according to the frequency of the operation so that erroneous operation due to the concentrated operation can be prevented. In addition, 86 is a key switch insertion hole, 87 is an engine tachometer, and 88 is a throttle lever.
[0026]
The operation of the above example will be described. The machine frame 1 is pulled by the tractor and placed at the work position, the engine 10 is driven, and the work is started while the rotating parts are driven. The harvested onion from the onion harvester is accommodated with a stem and leaf portion attached. However, when this container 6 is placed on the raw material container stand 5 and transferred to the raw material hopper 7, the raw material conveyor 8 driven by the output of the HST 9 is used. Are sequentially taken out by the action of the above and conveyed toward the first raising conveyor 11. The onion with foliage scraped up by the ascending conveyor 11 falls from the upper end to the upper surface of the intermediate conveyor 12 and is transferred in the opposite direction. Moved to the department. Since the intermediate conveyor 12 can reverse or roll the onion while reaching the rollers 20 and 21, the posture is likely to change, and a stagnation or biased conveyance state can be avoided.
[0027]
On the start end side of the lifting conveyor 11, the detection roller 65a as the detecting means 65 contacts the upper surface of the onion and rotates the detection arm 65b. However, it has been difficult to obtain an appropriate speed because it has been left to the operator's operation in the past, but with this configuration, it is possible to automatically control the conveyor 8 conveyance speed. Thus, the worker can concentrate on the sorting work.
[0028]
In the foliage processing unit 14, the driving roller 20 and the driven roller 21 rotate in directions opposite to each other, so that the onion entering between them is pulled down by the spiral strip 20a while the foliage portion is on the lower side. Finally, it is forcibly cut at the surface of the driven roller 21 facing the spiral strip 20a. The cut foliage portion is received by the funnel member 31, further falls, and is discharged to an appropriate place outside the apparatus by the action of the exhaust fan 33. In addition, since the direction of the discharge cylinder 35 can be changed, there is an inconvenience that the leaves and leaves to be discharged are pushed back depending on the wind direction in outdoor work. However, the exhaust fan body 32 is appropriately rotated. By fixing to the funnel member 31, this inconvenience can be solved.
[0029]
The onion that has been subjected to the foliage cutting process is inherited by the second ascending conveyor 40 from the end portions of the rollers 20 and 21 and rises. From the upper end, the chute 40b is passed to the small ball removal portion 42. Here, the balls having the ball diameter falling from the space portions of the disks 42b and 42b arranged at the preset left and right intervals are collected in the small ball storage container 45 through the small ball chute 44.
[0030]
The standard ball diameter of the ball reaches the start end of the sorting conveyor 43 without dropping from between the disks 42b, 42b. Here, while being transferred to the terminal end side while rolling on the roller conveyor surface, the appearance quality is visually judged by the worker waiting on the left and right, and external items such as scratches and combs are selected by the worker, It is put into the external product receiving box 47. The external product onion is then stored in the external product storage container 50 via the external product chute 48 and the external product conveyor 49.
[0031]
The non-defective onion that has reached the end of the sorting conveyor 43 is laterally fed by the product conveyor 51 and accommodated in a product container 57 that waits on the left and right sides of the machine frame 1. That is, the expansion / contraction member 60 is extended and the container stand column 58 is tilted outward and fixed by the column support stay 61, the container stand 62 is mounted, and the product container 57 is tilted to stand by. The product conveyor 51 is configured to be switched between forward and reverse. First, when the right side conveyance is set, the conveyor 51 moves to the right side and is supplied to the product container 57 waiting on the right side. Since the product conveyor 51 is configured to move left and right, it can be adjusted so that the dropping position is gradually moved and accumulated without any trouble while monitoring the accumulation state in the product container 57. When the filling of the right product container 57 is completed, the drive of the product conveyor 51 is reversed to move to the left side. Similarly, the product container 57 is supplied to the product container 57 waiting on the left side. In the meantime, the full product container 57 is moved from the container stand 62 to an appropriate place.
[0032]
In the above embodiment, the continuously variable transmission (HST) 9 is used as the transmission, but it may be a stepped transmission, a variable speed electric motor, or a hydraulic motor. Further, since a pneumatic tire-like rotating body is used as the detection roll 65a as the detection means 65, it is advantageous that the onion is not damaged even if it contacts the upper surface of the accumulated onion. A contact member may be used, and a non-contact type may also be used.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Side view of the foliage processing machine [Fig. 2] Rear view of the foliage processing machine [Fig. 3] Plan view of the foliage processing machine [Fig. 4] Enlarged side view of the feeding and conveying unit [Fig. Plan view [Fig. 6] Side view of the foliage cutting part [Fig. 7] Hydraulic circuit diagram [Fig. 8] Plan view of the exhaust fan drum [Fig. 9] Side view of the exhaust fan drum [Fig. 10] Side of the sorting conveyor [Fig. 11] Plan view of the product conveyor [Fig. 12] Rear view of the product conveyor [Fig. 13] Rear view of the product container table [Fig. 14] (a) and (b) show the folded state of the product container table Rear view [Fig. 15] Side view of operation lever [Fig. 16] Front view of operation lever [Explanation of symbols]
1 Machine frame 5 Material container stand 7 Material hopper 8 Material conveyor 9 Continuously variable transmission (HST)
11 First rising conveyor 65 Detection means 65a Detection roller 65b Detection arm 65c Interlocking arm 66 Trunnion shaft 67 Axis 68 Operation rod (operation means)
71 Manual lever 72 Rod 73 Sensitivity adjustment lever

Claims (2)

An ascending conveyor (11) is erected on the terminal end side of the material conveyor (8) which is driven through the transmission (9) and sequentially takes out the onion from the material hopper (7) and conveys it, and the ascending conveyor from the material conveyor (8). (11) is provided with a detecting means (65) for detecting the accumulation state of the object to be sorted, and the conveying device in the onion foliage processing machine or the like for controlling the transmission (9) based on the detection result. In
Thereby configured to transmit the displacement of the detection arm (65b) by said detecting means (65) to the operating member shifting device (9) to shift interlock (68), the operation for the displacement of the detection arm (65b) members (68 ) of an operation amount and a conveying device in the foliar treatment machine or the like of the onion, characterized in that the provided sensitivity control means for varying the relationship. Thereby configured to transmit the displacement of the detection arm (65b) by said detecting means (65) to the operating member of the transmission to shift interlock (68), provided the manual lever (71) for interlocking said detection arm (65b) The conveying apparatus in the onion foliage processing machine etc. of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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