JP4825225B2 - Door opener - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a door opening / closing device, and more particularly, to a door opening / closing device provided with a detecting means for detecting rotation related to a drive source.

  For example, an opening / closing device that opens and closes a sliding door provided on the side of the vehicle body is configured. The opening / closing device is associated with the drive unit, and the driving force of the motor is transmitted to the rotating shaft via the clutch mechanism. Then, the sliding door is slid by rotating the rotating shaft. In this opening / closing device, a rotating shaft is rotatably supported by a case. In the case, an output gear and a rotor that rotate integrally are supported on the rotary shaft. Further, in the case, the rotating shaft supports a movable plate that is rotatable relative to the rotating shaft and that can be engaged with and disengaged from the rotor. An armature is fixed to the movable plate. In the case, an electromagnetic coil body that is disposed opposite to the armature with the rotor interposed therebetween, forms a magnetic closed loop with the armature and the rotor, and attracts the armature toward the rotor to engage the movable plate with the rotor. Is fixed. Further, the drive device includes an annular magnetic body fixedly disposed outside the closed loop on the outer peripheral edge of the rotor and a hall element facing the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic body, and a rotation sensor that detects the rotation of the rotor. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2000-179233 A

  In the conventional door opening and closing device, since the magnetic body is fixedly disposed on the outer peripheral edge of the rotor, the magnetic body is disposed at the outermost peripheral position of the drive unit and exhibits a large ring shape. The rotation sensor detects the rotation of the rotor by a Hall element facing the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic body. For this reason, in the conventional door opening and closing device, the distance between the magnetic body and the Hall element is easily variable in the axial direction or radially outward direction of the rotating shaft when the rotor rotates, and the accuracy of detecting the rotation of the rotor is reduced. There is a problem of end.

  Further, in the conventional door opening and closing device, the magnetic body is fixedly arranged outside the closed loop on the outer peripheral edge of the rotor, but the closed loop is formed by the armature and the rotor by the electromagnetic coil body. That is, as long as the rotor is provided with a magnetic body, the magnetic body is substantially in a position that is affected by the closed loop. For this reason, in the conventional door opening and closing device, there is a problem that the magnetic flux of the magnetic material is changed by the magnetic closed loop, and the accuracy of detecting the rotation of the rotor is lowered.

  Moreover, in the conventional door opening / closing apparatus, the main structure of the drive part is provided in the case to constitute a drive unit integrated with the motor, and the case is fixed to the vehicle body via a bracket. That is, the case is necessarily made of metal having rigidity. Further, in the conventional drive device, as described above, the magnetic body is fixedly disposed on the outer peripheral edge of the rotor, and the Hall element facing the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic body is provided in the case. For this reason, in the conventional door opening and closing apparatus, there is a problem that the metal case becomes large in the radial direction of the rotating shaft and the weight of the entire apparatus increases.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a door opening / closing device that can improve the detection accuracy of a rotation sensor and can reduce the weight while reducing the size of the entire device.

In order to achieve the above object, a door opening and closing device according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a coil portion (32E) wound around an axis of a rotating shaft (32A) and disposed on the rotating shaft (32A), An electromagnetic clutch (32) having a worm wheel (32B) that is inserted into the rotating shaft (32A) and meshes with a worm gear (31A) provided on the output shaft of the drive motor (31). In the door opening and closing device (3) that transmits the driving force of the drive motor (31) to the rotating shaft (32A) via the shaft and operates the door (2) by the rotation of the rotating shaft (32A), the worm wheel (32B) And a motor base (36) for extending one end of the rotating shaft (32A) to the outside and rotatably supporting it, and one end of the rotating shaft (32A) extending to the outside from the motor base (36) set on The rotation sensor (35) and a sensor case (39) that houses the rotation sensor (35) through the opening hole (39Ba). The rotation sensor (35) is a sensor gear ( 35A), a magnet board (35B) that meshes with the sensor gear (35A) and rotates around a support shaft (35Ba) parallel to the rotation shaft (32A) as the rotation shaft (32A) rotates, and a magnet board (35B) The magnetic member (35Bd) which is alternately magnetized with the N pole and the S pole on the outer periphery of the board surface, and the magnetic member (35Bd) at a predetermined distance from the magnetic board (35B). There are Yes fixed, have a an anisotropic magnetoresistance element for detecting a magnetic flux parallel to the board surface of the magnetic member (35Bd) occurs magnet Edition (35B) (35Cc), sensor case (39) is anisotropic An upper case (39A) for fixing the sensor substrate (35Ca) provided with the magnetoresistive element (35Cc) and a lower case (39B), and a support protrusion (39Aa) provided on the upper case (39A); The position of the anisotropic magnetoresistive element (35Cc) with respect to the position of the magnetic member (35Bd) is set at a predetermined interval by a compression spring (35Bc) provided between the magnet panel (35B) and the lower case (39B). It is characterized by that.

Door closer according to Claim 2 of the present invention, Oite to the claim 1, a rotating shaft (32A) output drum molded integrally with (32F), is wound around the outer periphery of the output drum (32F), A cable (5) with a pulley (6) interposed therebetween, and the door (2) is opened and closed by transmitting the driving force of the drive motor (31) to the door (2) via the cable (5). Features.

Door closer according to Claim 3 of the present invention, Oite to the claim 1 or claim 2, the sensor substrate having an anisotropic magnetoresistance element (35Cc) (35Ca) door opening and closing device (3) It is equipped with a controller for control.

  In the door opening and closing apparatus according to the present invention, the rotation sensor is provided with a magnetic member that rotates and moves with the rotation of the rotation shaft on the end side of the rotation shaft, and the magnetic flux is generated by a resistance value corresponding to the magnetic flux generated by the magnetic member. An anisotropic magnetoresistive element for detecting the direction is fixed to the magnetic member at a predetermined interval. Thus, since the magnetic member and the anisotropic magnetoresistive element are arranged on the end side of the rotating shaft that is not affected by the magnetic field when the electromagnetic clutch is excited, the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor can be improved. .

  Further, the anisotropic magnetoresistive element applied in the door opening and closing apparatus of the present invention generates one pulse at one pole (S pole and N pole, respectively), and the Hall element is one at two poles (S pole and N pole). Generate a pulse. That is, the anisotropic magnetoresistive element has twice the pulse resolution as compared with the Hall element. For this reason, in the rotation sensor using the anisotropic magnetoresistive element, the magnetic member can be reduced in size when the pulse resolution is the same as that of the rotation sensor using the Hall element. As a result, the rotation sensor itself can be reduced in size. On the other hand, the rotation sensor using the anisotropic magnetoresistive element can increase the resolution when the same magnetic member as the Hall element is used.

  Further, the anisotropic magnetoresistive element is fixed at a position where the magnetic flux of the magnetic member intersecting the magnetic flux generated by the electromagnetic clutch is detected. For this reason, since the anisotropic magnetoresistive element detects the magnetic flux of the magnetic member without being affected by the magnetic field when the electromagnetic clutch is excited, the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor can be improved.

  Further, with respect to the rotation sensor, the position of the magnetic member is supported by the supporting means with elasticity with respect to the position of the anisotropic magnetoresistive element. For this reason, the relative distance between the magnetic member and the anisotropic magnetoresistive element does not vary. As a result, the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor can be improved.

  In addition, a sensor case with a rotation sensor built in a form in which the end of the rotation shaft is extended outside the motor base that fixes the drive motor to the apparatus base and the rotation sensor is disposed on the end of the rotation shaft is used as the motor base. It is attached. For this reason, compared with the structure which provides a rotation sensor in the inside of the motor base which has rigidity and weight in order to fix a drive motor with respect to an apparatus base, a motor base is reduced in size. As a result, it is possible to reduce the weight while reducing the size of the door opening and closing device.

  Exemplary embodiments of a door opening and closing device according to the present invention will be explained below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

<Embodiment 1>
1 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of a door opening and closing apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the door opening and closing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a rear view of the door opening and closing apparatus shown in FIG. Is a side view of the door opening and closing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a door opening / closing device 3 includes a vehicle body (housing) 1 of an automobile, and a door (for example, a flip-up back door) 2 as an opening / closing body that closes an opening 1 a formed in the vehicle body 1. The door 2 is opened and closed. The door opening / closing device 3 is configured such that a transmission rod 4 as a transmission unit is interposed between the drive unit 30 and the door 2. The door opening / closing device 3 opens and closes the door 2 by transmitting the power of the drive unit 30 to the door 2 via the transmission rod 4.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the drive unit 30 includes a drive motor 31 as a drive source, a clutch 32, a drive gear group 33, an arm 34, and a casing 3 </ b> A that constitutes the device base of the door opening / closing device 3. The rotation sensor 35 is provided. The casing 3A is formed by combining a front cover 3Aa and a back cover 3Ab obtained by bending a sheet metal.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the drive motor 31 is attached to the back cover 3 </ b> Ab side outside the casing 3 </ b> A. The drive motor 31 is arranged with an output shaft (not shown) facing downward at a substantially central portion of the sheet metal of the back cover 3Ab. A worm gear 31 </ b> A is provided on the output shaft of the drive motor 31. The drive motor 31 has a motor base 36 made of metal (for example, aluminum alloy) that houses the output shaft and the worm gear 31A. The motor base 36 is fixed to the back cover 3Ab of the casing 3A with bolts 36A.

  The clutch 32 is configured as an electromagnetic clutch as shown in FIG. The clutch 32 is housed in a clutch case 37 made of synthetic resin. The clutch case 37 is interposed between the motor base 36 and the back cover 3Ab, and is fixed to the back cover 3Ab together with the motor base 36.

  The clutch 32 includes a rotating shaft 32A, a worm wheel 32B, an armature 32C, a rotor 32D, and a coil portion 32E. The rotary shaft 32A is supported so that one end side thereof is rotatable with respect to the motor base 36 in a form orthogonal to the output shaft of the drive motor 31, and the other end side is rotatably supported with respect to the back cover 3Ab of the casing 3A. It is. The worm wheel 32B is inserted so as to be rotatable relative to the rotation shaft 32A, and meshes with the worm gear 31A of the drive motor 31. The armature 32C is formed in a disk shape by a magnetic material, and is inserted so as to be rotatable relative to the rotation shaft 32A. The armature 32C is provided to engage with the worm wheel 32B in such a manner that it moves in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 32A and rotates integrally with the worm wheel 32B. The rotor 32D is fixed with respect to the rotating shaft 32A and is provided to face the armature 32C. The coil portion 32E is disposed around the rotation shaft 32A, and is provided in such a manner that the rotor 32D is sandwiched between the coil portion 32E and the armature 32C. One end of the rotating shaft 32A extends from the motor base 36, and the other end of the rotating shaft 32A extends into the casing 3A. Thus, the clutch 32 is disposed around the rotation shaft 32A.

  In the clutch 32, when the coil portion 32E is excited, the armature 32C is attracted to the coil portion 32E and frictionally engaged with the rotor 32D. Thereby, the driving force of the driving motor 31 via the worm gear 31A and the worm wheel 32B is transmitted to the rotating shaft 32A via the rotor 32D, and the rotating shaft 32A rotates. On the other hand, when the excitation of the coil portion 32E is released, the armature 32C and the rotor 32D are separated from each other. As a result, the transmission of relative power between the drive motor 31 and the rotating shaft 32A is solved.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the drive gear group 33 includes an output gear 33A, an intermediate gear 33B, and a drive gear 33C. The output gear 33A is fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft 32A inside the casing 3A. The intermediate gear 33B is supported inside the casing 3A, and is provided by superposing two gears 33Ba and 33Bb. One gear 33Ba meshes with the output gear 33A. The other gear 33Bb meshes with the drive gear 33C. The drive gear 33C is supported inside the casing 3A via a drive shaft 38. The drive gear 33C is fixed to the drive shaft 38. The drive shaft 38 extends to the front side of the casing 3A.

  When the driving force of the drive motor 31 is transmitted to the rotary shaft 32A via the clutch 32, the drive gear group 33 follows the rotation of the rotary shaft 32A and the output gear 33A, one gear 33Ba of the intermediate gear 33B, The drive shaft 38 rotates through the other gear 33Bb and the drive gear 33C.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5, the arm 34 has a base end 34A fixed to a drive shaft 38 extending to the front side of the casing 3A. That is, the arm 34 rotates according to the rotation of the drive shaft 38. The transmission rod 4 is attached to the rotating end 34 </ b> B of the arm 34. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the transmission rod 4 is formed in a long bar shape, and one end 4 </ b> A is attached to the rotating end 34 </ b> B of the arm 34 and the other end 4 </ b> B is attached to the door 2. . The transmission rod 4 moves the door 2 in the opening direction or the closing direction as the arm 34 of the driving unit 30 rotates.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the rotation sensor 35 is housed in a sensor case 39 made of synthetic resin attached to the back side of the motor base 36. As shown in FIG. 6, the sensor case 39 is divided into an upper case 39A and a lower case 39B, and a sensor gear 35A, a magnet panel 35B, and a sensor constituting the rotation sensor 35 are accommodated between the upper case 39A and the lower case 39B. The part 35C is internally provided.

  The sensor gear 35 </ b> A is fixed to one end of a rotating shaft 32 </ b> A that extends to the outside of the motor base 36.

  The magnet board 35 </ b> B has a support shaft 35 </ b> Ba that is rotatably supported with respect to the sensor case 39. The support shaft 35Ba has an upper end supported by the upper case 39A and a lower end supported by the lower case 39B. The support shaft 35Ba is provided with meshing teeth 35Bb that mesh with the sensor gear 35A. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a compression spring 35Bc is interposed between the lower end of the support shaft 35Ba and the lower case 39B. That is, the magnet board 35B is elastically biased upward by the compression spring 35Bc. Further, the magnet board 35B has a permanent magnet 35Bd as a magnetic member extending in the radial direction of the support shaft 35Ba and formed in a disk shape. The permanent magnet 35Bd is provided in a form that forms at least an outer peripheral portion of a disk shape extending in the radially outward direction of the support shaft 35Ba. In addition, the permanent magnet 35Bd is magnetized on the board surface (axial) by alternating positive poles (N poles) and negative poles (S poles) which are different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction.

  The sensor unit 35C has a sensor substrate 35Ca fixed to the upper case 39A. Two (one pair) Hall elements (Hall ICs) 35Cb as magnetic detection elements are provided on the lower surface of the sensor substrate 35Ca. Each Hall element 35Cb is disposed opposite to the surface (upper surface) of the permanent magnet 35Bd in the magnet plate 35B. That is, the Hall element 35Cb is fixedly arranged in a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 35Bd in a manner of detecting a vertical (up and down direction in FIGS. 5 and 6) magnetic flux generated from the surface of the permanent magnet 35Bd of the magnet plate 35B. Each Hall element 35Cb is arranged at a position slightly deviated from the position directly above the coil portion 32E of the clutch 32.

  Here, a support protrusion 39Aa is provided on the inner wall surface of the upper case 39A. The support protrusion 39Aa is in contact with a disk-shaped portion of the magnet board 35B that is elastically biased by the compression spring 35Bc. For this reason, the permanent magnet 35Bd and the hall element 35Cb are arranged to face each other at a predetermined interval. This predetermined interval is an interval suitable for the Hall element 35Cb to detect the passage of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 35Bd and output it as a voltage. As described above, the compression spring 35Bc and the support protrusion 39Aa constitute support means for elastically supporting the position of the permanent magnet 35Bd with respect to the position of the Hall element 35Cb.

  The rotation sensor 35 is provided with an opening hole 39Ba through which the sensor gear 35A passes through the lower case 39B. The sensor case 39 is fixed to the upper surface of the motor base 36 by a fixing screw 39C (see FIG. 3) in such a manner that the sensor gear 35A is inserted through the opening hole 39Ba. At this time, the sensor gear 35A meshes with the meshing teeth 35Bb of the magnet board 35B.

  In the rotation sensor 35, the sensor gear 35A rotates in accordance with the rotation of the rotation shaft 32A. Then, the magnet board 35B rotates with the rotation of the sensor gear 35A, and this rotation is detected by each Hall element 35Cb of the sensor unit 35C. That is, each Hall element 35Cb detects the magnetic flux density with a voltage corresponding to the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 35Bd that rotates and moves with the rotation of the magnet board 35B, and obtains pulses with different phases. Accordingly, the rotation sensor 35 can detect the opening / closing position, opening / closing speed, and opening / closing direction of the door 2. Even when the door 2 is manually opened and closed without using the door opening and closing device 3, the arm 34 rotates to rotate the rotating shaft 32 </ b> A via the drive gear group 33 and the magnet board 35 </ b> B to rotate. Thereby, even when the door 2 is manually opened / closed, the opening / closing position, opening / closing speed, and opening / closing direction of the door 2 can be detected. Thus, by detecting the opening / closing position, opening / closing speed, and opening / closing direction of the door 2 by manually opening / closing the door 2, the state of the door 2 is recognized when the door 2 that is manually opened is closed by the door opening / closing device 3, for example. it can. In addition, the state of the door 2 can also be recognized when the door 2 is manually opened and closed by the door opening / closing device 3 from the open position. Furthermore, the detection of the opening / closing position, opening / closing speed, and opening / closing direction of the door 2 can also be used for reversal during pinching and duty control (PWM control).

  Therefore, in the door opening and closing device 3 described above, the magnet plate 35B is provided on the one end side of the rotation shaft 32A of the rotation sensor 35, and a permanent magnet 35Bd having a disk shape that rotates with the rotation of the rotation shaft 32A. have. The rotation sensor 35 includes a hall element 35Cb that is disposed to face the surface of the permanent magnet 35Bd at a predetermined interval. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5, it becomes possible to arrange | position the magnet board 35B and Hall element 35Cb in the position which is not influenced by the magnetic field produced when the coil part 32E in the clutch 32 is excited. As a result, the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor 35 is improved.

  Further, the Hall element 35Cb is disposed at a position slightly deviated laterally from the position directly above the coil portion 32E of the clutch 32, and when the coil portion 32E is excited in the portion where the Hall element 35Cb is disposed, FIG. As shown, there is a possibility that the magnetic flux generated may be influenced mainly by the magnetic flux in the left-right direction. However, the Hall element 35Cb is arranged so as to detect the vertical magnetic flux (the vertical direction in FIGS. 5 and 6) generated by the permanent magnet 35Bd, and the direction of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 35Bd detected by the Hall element 35Cb is The Hall element 35Cb is not affected by the magnetic flux of the coil portion 32E because the positional relationship intersects the direction of the magnetic flux that is affected when the coil portion 32E is excited. Thus, as a result of arranging the magnet panel 35B and the hall element 35Cb at a position not affected by the magnetic field when the coil portion 32E in the clutch 32 is excited, the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor 35 is improved. .

  Further, the rotation sensor 35 has a Hall element 35Cb disposed to face the surface of the permanent magnet 35Bd at a predetermined interval. For this reason, when the magnet board 35B rotates about the support shaft 35Ba, even if the rotation locus of the permanent magnet 35Bd varies in the radially outward direction of the support shaft 35Ba, the permanent magnet 35Bd and the Hall element 35Cb The relative distance never changes. As a result, the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor 35 is improved.

  In the rotation sensor 35, the permanent magnet 35Bd and the hall element 35Cb are arranged at a predetermined interval by the elastic biasing force of the compression spring 35Bc. For this reason, the relative distance between the permanent magnet 35Bd and the hall element 35Cb does not vary with respect to the axial direction of the support shaft 35Ba. As a result, the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor 35 is improved.

  The rotation sensor 35 is arranged on one end side of the rotation shaft 32A extending to the outside of the motor base 36 in the drive motor 31, and is mounted in the sensor base 39 made of synthetic resin and attached to the motor base 36. is there. For this reason, the metal motor base 36 which fixes the drive motor 31 with respect to the casing 3A which comprises the apparatus base part of the door opening / closing apparatus 3 is reduced in size. As a result, it is possible to reduce the weight while reducing the size of the door opening and closing device 3.

  The rotation sensor 35 is arranged on one end side of the rotation shaft 32A extending to the outside of the motor base 36 in the drive motor 31, and is mounted in the sensor base 39 made of synthetic resin and attached to the motor base 36. is there. For this reason, a controller (not shown) for controlling the door opening and closing device 3 can be mounted on the sensor substrate 35Ca provided in the sensor case 39. That is, the controller can be disposed in the component of the door opening / closing device 3 without increasing the size of the metal motor base 36. As a result, it is possible to reduce the weight while reducing the size of the door opening and closing device 3.

  In the first embodiment described above, the sensor gear 35A is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 32A, the magnet plate 35B is meshed with the sensor gear 35A, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 32A is rotated via the sensor gear 35A. Gaining as a rotation. Not limited to this, if the Hall element 35Cb is disposed in a positional relationship where the direction of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 35Bd detected by the Hall element 35Cb and the direction of the magnetic flux excited by the coil portion 32E intersect, the magnet board 35B is disposed on the rotating shaft 32A. May be provided.

<Embodiment 2>
7 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the door opening and closing device according to the present invention, FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the door opening and closing device shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line IX-IX in FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view, and FIG. 11 is a plan view of the door opening and closing apparatus shown in FIG. In the second embodiment described below, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the door opening / closing device 3 is provided between a vehicle body (housing) 1 of an automobile and a door (for example, a sliding door) 2 as an opening / closing body that closes an opening 1 a formed in the vehicle body 1. Attach and open / close the door 2. The door 2 is provided so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 1 along a guide rail 1 b attached to the vehicle body 1. In the door opening and closing device 3, a cable 5 as a transmission unit is provided between the driving unit 30 and the door 2 via a pulley 6. The door opening and closing device 3 opens and closes the door 2 by transmitting the power of the drive unit 30 to the door 2 via the cable 5.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the drive unit 30 is provided with a drive motor 31 as a drive source, a clutch 32, and a rotation sensor 35 on a base 3 </ b> A constituting the device base of the door opening / closing device 3.

  The drive motor 31 is attached to the outside of the base 3A. A worm gear (not shown) is provided on the output shaft of the drive motor 31. The drive motor 31 has a motor base 36 that houses an output shaft and a worm gear. The motor base 36 is fixed to the base 3A with bolts 36A.

  The clutch 32 is configured as an electromagnetic clutch as shown in FIG. The clutch 32 is mainly housed in the clutch case 37. The clutch case 37 is fixed to the base 3A so that the base 3A is sandwiched between the clutch case 37 and the motor base 36.

  The clutch 32 includes a rotating shaft 32A, a worm wheel 32B, an armature 32C, a rotor 32D, and a coil portion 32E. The rotary shaft 32 </ b> A is supported so that one end side is rotatable with respect to the motor base 36 in a form orthogonal to the output shaft of the drive motor 31, and the other end side is rotatably supported with respect to the clutch case 37. . An output drum 32F is integrally formed on the rotary shaft 32A. The output drum 32F is used to wind the cable 5 and is formed in a cylindrical shape around the rotation shaft 32A. The worm wheel 32B is provided integrally with the rotor 32D via the input 32Ba, and meshes with the worm gear of the drive motor 31. The rotor 32D is provided around the rotation shaft 32A, and is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the rotation shaft 32A. The armature 32C is formed in a disk shape by a magnetic material, and is inserted so as to be rotatable relative to the rotation shaft 32A. The armature 32C is provided to engage with the output drum 32F in such a manner that it moves in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 32A and rotates integrally with the output drum 32F. The coil portion 32E is disposed around the rotation shaft 32A, and is provided in such a manner that the rotor 32D is sandwiched between the coil portion 32E and the armature 32C.

  In the clutch 32, when the coil portion 32E is excited, the armature 32C is attracted to the coil portion 32E and frictionally engaged with the rotor 32D. For this reason, the rotor 32D is connected to the output drum 32F via the armature 32C. Thus, the driving force of the drive motor 31 via the worm gear and the worm wheel 32B is transmitted to the rotary shaft 32A via the rotor 32D and the output drum 32F, and the rotary shaft 32A and the output drum 32F rotate. As a result, the cable 5 wound around the output drum 32F moves in the arrow direction shown in FIG. 8, and the door 2 is moved in the opening direction or the closing direction as the cable 5 moves. On the other hand, when the excitation of the coil portion 32E is released, the armature 32C and the rotor 32D are separated from each other. As a result, the transmission of relative power between the drive motor 31 and the rotating shaft 32A is solved.

  The rotation sensor 35 is housed in a sensor case 39 made of synthetic resin attached to the motor base 36. The sensor case 39 is divided and formed into an upper case 39A and a lower case 39B, and a sensor gear 35A, a magnet panel 35B, and a sensor unit 35C constituting the rotation sensor 35 are housed in an accommodation space therebetween. It is.

  The sensor gear 35 </ b> A is fixed to one end of a rotating shaft 32 </ b> A that extends to the outside of the motor base 36.

  The magnet board 35 </ b> B has a support shaft 35 </ b> Ba that is rotatably supported with respect to the sensor case 39. The support shaft 35Ba has an upper end supported by the upper case 39A and a lower end supported by the lower case 39B. The magnet board 35B has meshing teeth 35Bb provided around the support shaft 35Ba. The meshing teeth 35Bb mesh with the sensor gear 35A. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, a compression spring 35Bc is provided at the lower end of the support shaft 35Ba between the lower case 39B. That is, the magnet board 35B is elastically biased upward by the compression spring 35Bc. Further, the magnet board 35B has a permanent magnet 35Bd as a magnetic member extending in the radial direction of the support shaft 35Ba and formed in a disk shape. The permanent magnet 35Bd is provided in a form that forms at least an outer peripheral portion of a disk shape extending in the radially outward direction of the support shaft 35Ba. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the permanent magnet 35Bd is magnetized on the board surface (axial) by alternately arranging positive poles (N poles) and negative poles (S poles) which are different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction.

  The sensor unit 35C has a sensor substrate 35Ca fixed to the upper case 39A. A magnetoresistive element 35Cc as a magnetic detection element is provided on the lower surface of the sensor substrate 35Ca. The magnetoresistive element 35Cc is arranged along the board surface (upper surface) of the permanent magnet 35Bd in the magnet board 35B and at the position of the outer peripheral edge (edge) of the permanent magnet 35Bd as shown in FIG. That is, the magnetoresistive element 35Cc is fixedly arranged in a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 35Bd in a manner of detecting a parallel (left and right direction in FIGS. 9 and 10) magnetic flux generated from the outer peripheral edge of the permanent magnet 35Bd of the magnet board 35B. is there. The magnetoresistive element 35Cc is disposed at a position immediately above the coil portion 32E of the clutch 32 and close to one end portion of the rotating shaft 32A.

  The magnetoresistive element 35Cc in the present embodiment detects the direction of the magnetic flux based on the resistance value corresponding to the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 35Bd, which is a magnetic member, and the resistance value varies depending on the specific magnetic field direction. An anisotropic magnetoresistive element (AMR: Anisotropic Magneto-Resitive) is employed.

  Here, a support protrusion 39Aa is provided at a portion where the upper case 39A supports the upper end portion of the support shaft 35Ba. The support protrusion 39Aa is in contact with a disk-shaped portion of the magnet board 35B that is elastically biased by the compression spring 35Bc. For this reason, permanent magnet 35Bd and magnetoresistive element 35Cc are arranged mutually at a predetermined interval. This predetermined interval is an interval suitable for the magnetoresistive element 35Cc to detect the direction of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 35Bd and output it as a resistance value. Thus, the compression spring 35Bc and the support protrusion 39Aa constitute support means for elastically supporting the position of the permanent magnet 35Bd with respect to the position of the magnetoresistive element 35Cc.

  The rotation sensor 35 is provided with an opening hole 39Ba through which the sensor gear 35A passes through the lower case 39B. The sensor case 39 is fixed to the upper surface of the motor base 36 by a fixing screw 39C in such a manner that the sensor gear 35A is inserted through the opening hole 39Ba. At this time, the sensor gear 35A meshes with the meshing teeth 35Bb of the magnet board 35B.

  In the rotation sensor 35, the sensor gear 35A rotates in accordance with the rotation of the rotation shaft 32A. Then, the magnet board 35B rotates with the rotation of the sensor gear 35A, and this rotation is detected by the magnetoresistive element 35Cc of the sensor unit 35C. That is, the magnetoresistive element 35Cc outputs different resistance values depending on the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 35Bd that rotates and moves as the magnet board 35B rotates. Accordingly, the rotation sensor 35 can detect the opening / closing position, opening / closing speed, and opening / closing direction of the door 2. Even when the door 2 is manually opened and closed without using the door opening and closing device 3, the cable 5 moves when the door 2 moves, the rotary shaft 32A rotates through the output drum 32F, and the magnet board 35B rotates. To do. Thereby, even when the door 2 is manually opened / closed, the opening / closing position, opening / closing speed, and opening / closing direction of the door 2 can be detected. Thus, by detecting the opening / closing position, opening / closing speed, and opening / closing direction of the door 2 by manually opening / closing the door 2, the state of the door 2 is recognized when the door 2 that is manually opened is closed by the door opening / closing device 3, for example. it can. In addition, the state of the door 2 can also be recognized when the door 2 is manually opened and closed by the door opening / closing device 3 from the open position. Furthermore, the detection of the opening / closing position, opening / closing speed, and opening / closing direction of the door 2 can also be used for reversal during pinching and duty control (PWM control).

  Therefore, in the door opening and closing device 3 described above, the magnet plate 35B is provided on the one end side of the rotation shaft 32A of the rotation sensor 35, and a permanent magnet 35Bd having a disk shape that rotates with the rotation of the rotation shaft 32A. have. The rotation sensor 35 has a magnetoresistive element 35Cc arranged at a predetermined interval with the permanent magnet 35Bd. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 9, it becomes possible to arrange the magnet board 35B and the magnetoresistive element 35Cc at a position not affected by the magnetic field generated when the coil portion 32E in the clutch 32 is excited. As a result, the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor 35 is improved.

  Further, the magnetoresistive element 35Cc is disposed at a position immediately above the coil portion 32E of the clutch 32 and close to one end portion of the rotating shaft 32A. At the portion where the magnetoresistive element 35Cc is disposed, the coil portion 32E is disposed. When excited, the magnetic flux generated as shown in FIG. 9 may be affected mainly by the magnetic flux in the vertical direction. However, the magnetoresistive element 35Cc is arranged so as to detect a parallel (left and right direction in FIGS. 9 and 10) magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 35Bd, and the magnetic resistance element 35Cc detects the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 35Bd. Since the direction is in a positional relationship that intersects the direction of the magnetic flux that is affected when the coil portion 32E is excited, the magnetoresistive element 35Cc is not affected by the magnetic flux of the coil portion 32E. Thus, as a result of arranging the magnet panel 35B and the magnetoresistive element 35Cc at a position not affected by the magnetic field when the coil portion 32E in the clutch 32 is excited, the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor 35 is improved. Become.

  In the rotation sensor 35, the permanent magnet 35Bd and the magnetoresistive element 35Cc are arranged at a predetermined interval by the elastic biasing force of the compression spring 35Bc. For this reason, the relative distance between the permanent magnet 35Bd and the magnetoresistive element 35Cc does not vary with respect to the axial direction of the support shaft 35Ba. As a result, the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor 35 is improved.

  The rotation sensor 35 is arranged on one end side of the rotation shaft 32A extending to the outside of the motor base 36 in the drive motor 31, and is mounted in the sensor base 39 made of synthetic resin and attached to the motor base 36. is there. For this reason, the motor base 36 which fixes the drive motor 31 with respect to the casing 3A which comprises the apparatus base part of the door opening / closing apparatus 3 is reduced in size. As a result, it is possible to reduce the weight while reducing the size of the door opening and closing device 3.

  The rotation sensor 35 is arranged on one end side of the rotation shaft 32A extending to the outside of the motor base 36 in the drive motor 31, and is mounted in the sensor base 39 made of synthetic resin and attached to the motor base 36. is there. For this reason, a controller (not shown) for controlling the door opening and closing device 3 can be mounted on the sensor substrate 35Ca provided in the sensor case 39. That is, the controller can be arranged in the component of the door opening / closing device 3 without increasing the size of the motor base 36. As a result, it is possible to reduce the weight while reducing the size of the door opening and closing device 3.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the magnetoresistive element 35Cc is employed as the magnetic detection element. The magnetoresistive element 35Cc generates one pulse with one pole (S pole and N pole), and the Hall element 35Cb generates one pulse with two poles (S pole and N pole). That is, the magnetoresistive element 35Cc has twice the pulse resolution as compared with the Hall element 35Cb. For this reason, in the rotation sensor 35 using the magnetoresistive element 35Cc, the magnet board 35B can be downsized when the pulse resolution is the same as that of the rotation sensor 35 using the Hall element 35Cb. As a result, the rotation sensor 35 itself can be reduced in size. On the other hand, in the rotation sensor 35 using the magnetoresistive element 35Cc, the resolution can be increased when the same magnetic board 35B as the Hall element 35Cb is used.

  Further, the magnetoresistive element 35Cc outputs two phases with one element, and the hall element 35Cb outputs one phase with two (one pair) elements. For this reason, the magnetoresistive element 35Cc has no mounting variation compared to the Hall element 35Cb, and there is less concern about the phase difference deviation of each phase.

  In the second embodiment described above, the sensor gear 35A is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 32A, the magnet plate 35B is engaged with the sensor gear 35A, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 32A is rotated via the sensor gear 35A. Gaining as a rotation. Not limited to this, if the magnetoresistive element 35Cc is arranged in a positional relationship in which the direction of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 35Bd detected by the magnetoresistive element 35Cc and the direction of the magnetic flux excited by the coil portion 32E intersects, the magnet on the rotating shaft 32A A board 35B may be provided.

  By the way, in each of the above-described embodiments, the permanent magnet 35Bd in which the positive pole (N pole) and the negative pole (S pole), which are different magnetic poles, are alternately magnetized on the surface (axial) along the circumferential direction is adopted. is there. In the first embodiment, the magnetic flux intersecting with the magnetic flux generated by the clutch 32 while the pair of Hall elements 35Cb is arranged to face the surface of the permanent magnet 35Bd in a manner of detecting the vertical magnetic flux generated from the surface of the permanent magnet 35Bd. The Hall element 35Cb is fixed at a position slightly deviated laterally from the position directly above the coil portion 32E of the clutch 32 so as not to be affected by the magnetic flux of the clutch 32. In the second embodiment, the magnetoresistive element 35Cc is arranged along the surface of the permanent magnet 35Bd while detecting the parallel magnetic flux generated from the outer peripheral edge (edge) of the permanent magnet 35Bd. In a manner of detecting the intersecting magnetic flux, the magnetoresistive element 35Cc is fixed at a position immediately above the coil portion 32E of the clutch 32 and close to one end portion of the rotating shaft 32A so as not to be affected by the magnetic flux of the clutch 32. ing.

  On the other hand, although not clearly shown in the figure, instead of the permanent magnet 35Bd, positive poles (N poles) and negative poles (S poles), which are different magnetic poles, are alternately attached to the circumferential side surface (radial) along the circumferential direction. It is also possible to employ a magnetized permanent magnet. In this case, in the first embodiment, the magnetic flux generated by the clutch 32 is detected while the pair of Hall elements 35Cb are arranged opposite to the peripheral side surface of the permanent magnet in a manner of detecting the vertical magnetic flux generated from the peripheral side surface of the radial permanent magnet. By fixing the Hall element 35Cb at a position immediately above the coil portion 32E of the clutch 32 and close to one end portion of the rotating shaft 32A in a manner of detecting the crossing magnetic flux, the Hall element 35Cb is not affected by the magnetic flux of the clutch 32. The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet can be detected by the element 35Cb. In the second embodiment, the magnetic flux generated by the clutch 32 while arranging the magnetoresistive element 35Cc along the peripheral side surface of the permanent magnet in such a manner that the parallel magnetic flux generated from the outer peripheral edge (edge) of the radial permanent magnet is detected. By fixing the magnetoresistive element 35Cc at a position slightly deviated laterally from the position directly above the coil portion 32E of the clutch 32 in a manner of detecting the magnetic flux that intersects the magnetic resistance element, the magnetoresistive element is not affected by the magnetic flux of the clutch 32. It becomes possible to detect the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet at 35Cc.

  Moreover, in each embodiment mentioned above, although Embodiment 1 demonstrated the door opening / closing apparatus which transmits the motive power of the drive part 30 to the flip-up-type back door 2 via the transmission rod 4, it is not restricted to this. Instead, it may be adopted in a door opening / closing device that opens and closes a sliding door as in the second embodiment. Similarly, in the second embodiment, the door opening / closing device that transmits the power of the drive unit 30 to the slide door via the cable 5 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the back door as in the first embodiment is used. You may employ | adopt for the door opening / closing apparatus which opens / closes.

It is the schematic which shows Embodiment 1 of the door opening / closing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a front view of the door opening and closing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a rear view of the door opening and closing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a side view of the door opening and closing apparatus shown in FIG. It is VV sectional drawing of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. It is the schematic which shows Embodiment 2 of the door opening / closing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view of the door opening and closing apparatus shown in FIG. It is IX-IX sectional drawing of FIG. FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 9. It is a top view of the door opening and closing apparatus shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle main body 1a Opening part 1b Guide rail 2 Door 3 Door opening / closing device 3A Casing, base 3Aa Front cover 3Ab Back cover 30 Drive part 31 Drive motor 31A Worm gear 32 Clutch 32A Rotating shaft 32B Warm wheel 32Ba Input 32C Armature 32D Rotor 32E 32F output drum 33 drive gear group 33A output gear 33B intermediate gear 33Ba, 33Bb gear 33C drive gear 34 arm 34A base end 34B rotation end 35 rotation sensor 35A sensor gear 35B magnet plate 35Ba support shaft 35Bb meshing teeth 35Bc compression spring 35Bd Magnetic member)
35C sensor unit 35Ca sensor substrate 35Cb Hall element (magnetic detection element)
35Cc magnetoresistive element (magnetic detection element)
36 Motor base 36A Bolt 37 Clutch case 38 Drive shaft 39 Sensor case 39A Upper case 39Aa Support protrusion 39B Lower case 39Ba Opening hole 39C Fixing screw 4 Transmission rod 4A One end 4B Other end 5 Cable 6 Pulley

Claims (3)

The coil portion (32E) wound around the axis of the rotation shaft (32A) and disposed on the rotation shaft (32A) is inserted into the rotation shaft (32A) and provided on the output shaft of the drive motor (31). An electromagnetic clutch (32) having a worm wheel (32B) meshing with the worm gear (31A);
In the door opening and closing device (3) that transmits the driving force of the drive motor (31) to the rotating shaft (32A) via the electromagnetic clutch (32) and operates the door (2) by the rotation of the rotating shaft (32A).
A motor base (36) that includes a worm wheel (32B) and that rotatably supports one end of the rotating shaft (32A) by extending to the outside;
A rotation sensor (35) disposed at one end of a rotation shaft (32A) extending from the motor base (36) to the outside;
A sensor case (39) that houses the rotation sensor (35) through the opening hole (39Ba),
The rotation sensor (35)
The sensor gear (35A) provided on the rotating shaft (32A) and the support shaft (35Ba) parallel to the rotating shaft (32A) are rotated and moved with the rotation of the rotating shaft (32A) in mesh with the sensor gear (35A). Magnet plate (35B), a magnetic member (35Bd) magnetized in an alternating manner with N poles and S poles on the outer periphery of the plate surface of the magnet plate (35B), and a position facing the magnet plate (35B) magnetic members and (35Bd) Yes fixed at predetermined intervals, possess the anisotropic magnetoresistance element for detecting a magnetic flux parallel to the board surface of the magnetic member (35Bd) occurs magnet Edition (35B) (35Cc) ,
The sensor case (39) is formed of an upper case (39A) for fixing a sensor substrate (35Ca) provided with an anisotropic magnetoresistive element (35Cc) and a lower case (39B), and the upper case (39A). An anisotropic magnetoresistive element with respect to the position of the magnetic member (35Bd) by a support protrusion (39Aa) provided on the magnetic plate and a compression spring (35Bc) provided between the magnet board (35B) and the lower case (39B) A door opening and closing apparatus characterized in that the position of (35Cc) is a predetermined interval . An output drum (32F) formed integrally with the rotary shaft (32A), and a cable (5) wound around the outer periphery of the output drum (32F) and interposing a pulley (6), are provided via the cable (5). The door opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the door (2) is opened and closed by transmitting the driving force of the drive motor (31) to the door (2) . The door opening / closing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a controller for controlling the door opening / closing device (3) is mounted on the sensor substrate (35Ca) provided with the anisotropic magnetoresistive element (35Cc). apparatus.

Images