JP4819749B2 - Inner wall machining method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an inner wall processing method and an apparatus for processing an inner wall such as a hole of a member.

  Conventionally, in a member in which a through hole or one end closed hole is formed, a groove or the like may be processed on the inner wall of the hole. As a device for processing an inner wall of a hole of a member, a groove processing device of Patent Document 1 is known.

  Here, the groove processing apparatus of Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG. A workpiece holding device 42 is mounted on the bed 40 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, and a workpiece 46 in which at least one of the open spaces, that is, the holes 44 is formed, is held and fixed to the workpiece holding device 42. On the bed 40, a crank device 48 capable of changing an eccentric radius (an eccentric amount) is attached. The crank device 48 capable of varying the eccentric radius includes a crankshaft 50, a crankpin 52 provided at a position eccentric with respect to the crankshaft 50 by a radius R, and a crank arm 54 connected to the crankpin 52 at one end. , An eccentric radius variable device (not shown) for changing the eccentric radius of the crank pin 52, a pulley and flywheel 56 attached to the crankshaft 50, an electric motor 58 for rotating the pulley 56, and a pulley 56, The belt 60 is stretched between the motor 58 and the like.

  A support column 62 is fixed on the bed 40 between the installation position of the workpiece holding device 42 and the installation position of the crank device 48. A support shaft 64 is fixed to the upper portion of the column 62, and a cylindrical slide receiving member 66 is supported on the support shaft 64 so as to be swingable. The crank arm 54 is slidably inserted into and supported by the cylindrical slide receiving member 66. A long groove 68 is formed in the crank arm 54, and the support shaft 64 is inserted into the long groove 68. That is, the crank arm 54 is set so as to be able to swing around the support shaft 64 and to reciprocate in the longitudinal direction with respect to the support shaft 64. A cutter holding device 70 is attached to the other end of the crank arm 54, and a cutter 72 as a processing tool is detachably attached to the cutter holding device 70. The pulley and flywheel 56, the electric motor 58, and the belt 60 correct the dynamic balance of the crankshaft 50.

  When the inner wall of the hole 44 of the workpiece 46 is machined by the groove machining apparatus shown in FIG. 5, the cutter 72 is inserted into the hole 44 of the workpiece 46 and the crank device 48 is operated. Here, the positional relationship among the crank pin 52, the crank arm 54, the support shaft 64, and the cutter 72 is shown in FIG. 6 as a skeleton. In FIG. 6A, the eccentric radius of the crank pin 52 is, for example, a radius R1. Assuming that the center of rotation of the crankpin 52 is a center point O, the crankpin 52 moves on a circle P1 having an eccentric radius R1 with the center point O as the center. Since the crank arm 54 reciprocates along the support shaft 64, the cutter 72 moves on the ellipse Q1.

  Thereafter, the eccentric radius variable device (not shown) of the crank device 48 is operated to gradually increase the eccentric radius of the crank pin 52 for each cycle. As shown in FIG. 6B, the crankpin 52 moves on a circle P2 having a radius R2 (R1 <R2) with the center point O as the center. As a result, the cutter 72 moves along the ellipse Q2.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, the cutter 72 is inserted into the hole 44 of the workpiece 46, and the crank pin 52 is moved on the circle P1 having the eccentric radius R1 around the center point O. It is assumed that the cutter 72 does not contact the inner wall 74 of the hole 44 of the workpiece 46 when the movement range of the cutter 72 is the position of the ellipse Q1. Thereafter, the eccentric radius of the crankpin 52 is gradually increased from R1. As a result, the cutter 72 comes into contact with the inner wall 74 of the hole 44 of the workpiece 46 and the inner wall 74 is gradually cut. Assuming that the eccentric radius of the crank pin 52 is gradually increased and the maximum eccentric radius R is the radius R2, the machining is completed by moving the cutter 72 along the ellipse Q2, and the inner wall 74 of the hole 44 of the workpiece 46 is formed. Desired processing is performed. In addition, it becomes possible to form the groove | channel of the same depth along an axial direction by moving the workpiece holding apparatus 42 in the case of a process.

JP 62-34714 A

  In the conventional groove processing apparatus, an eccentric radius variable device (not shown) is provided to vary the eccentric radius of the crankshaft 50, but the mechanism of the eccentric radius variable device (not shown) is complicated, Moreover, since the eccentric radius variable device (not shown) is expensive, the manufacturing cost of the entire groove processing device is high. Further, since the amount of change in the eccentric radius of the crankshaft 50 is large, there is a drawback that it is difficult to correct the dynamic balance. Furthermore, when the maximum value of the eccentric radius of the crankpin 52 is set to the radius R2, the eccentric radius cannot be increased further, so that there is a disadvantage that the depth of the groove cannot be formed larger.

  The present invention provides an inner wall machining method capable of reducing costs by using two crankshafts, eliminating the need for an eccentricity variable mechanism having a complicated configuration that gradually changes the eccentricity of a crankshaft that has been required in the past. An object of the present invention is to provide an inner wall processing apparatus.

  An inner wall machining method according to the present invention is a method of machining an inner wall of an internal space of a workpiece with a machining tool, wherein a machining tool is attached to one end of a crank arm, and is rotated by a first crankshaft near the other end of the crank arm. The first crank pin is connected, and the intermediate position of the length of the crank arm is rotated by the second crank shaft by either the second crank pin or the support member that performs the crank motion according to the movement of the second crank pin. When slidably supporting and machining the inner wall of the workpiece with the machining tool, the phase of the first crankpin and the phase of the second crankpin are gradually changed. To do.

An inner wall machining apparatus according to the present invention is an apparatus for machining an inner wall of an internal space of a workpiece with a machining tool, a first crankshaft, a first crankpin that is cranked by the first crankshaft, and a second crankshaft. A second crankpin that is cranked by the second crankshaft, a processing tool is detachably attached to one end, and the first crankpin is connected in the vicinity of the other end, and the second crankpin Or a crank arm that is supported by the second crankpin so as to be swingable and reciprocally moved in the middle of its length, and the phase of the first crankpin and the second crankpin And a control means for gradually changing the phase. In the present invention, the radius of the crank motion of the first crankpin is R, the radius of the crank motion of the second crankpin is r, and the position of the machining tool attached to one end of the crank arm and the first crankpin the distance between the rotational center point of the pin is a, if the distance between the rotation center point position and the second Kurankupi down of the working tool attached to one end of the crank arm and a, R: The ratio of r is approximately A: a. The present invention relates to a counterbalance shaft, an idler shaft that is disposed in a triangular shape by the counterbalance shaft and the first crankshaft, the counterbalance shaft, the first crankshaft, and the idler shaft. And a timing belt that extends over the belt.

  In the present invention, the inner wall of the workpiece can be machined by rotating the first crankshaft and the second crankshaft while gradually shifting the relative phases of the first crankpin and the second crankpin. . That is, the present invention performs processing while gradually shifting the relative phases of the first crankpin and the second crankpin, and the eccentric radius R of the first crankpin and the eccentric radius r of the second crankpin are constant. Processing is performed while keeping Therefore, in the present invention, it is not necessary to provide an eccentric radius variable device for gradually changing the eccentric radius of the crankpin at the time of processing as in the conventional groove processing device, and the manufacturing cost of the device can be greatly reduced. Further, according to the present invention, since the eccentric radius of the first crank pin does not change during processing, it is possible to eliminate the conventional defect that it is difficult to correct the dynamic balance. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the depth of the groove only by changing at least one of the eccentric radius R of the first crankpin and the eccentric radius r of the second crankpin.

Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an inner wall machining apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing main components of FIG. 1 and 2, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 5 to 7 denote the same members. A workpiece holding device 42 is movably mounted on the bed 40, and a workpiece 46 having a hole 44 is held and fixed to the workpiece holding device 42. The first crank device 10 is attached to a position on the bed 40 opposite to the workpiece holding device 42. The first crank device 10 has a first crankshaft 12, a first crankpin 14 provided at a position eccentric from the first crankshaft 12 by a radius R, and one end supported by the first crankpin 14. The crank arm 16 and the like. Here, if the center of rotation of the first crankshaft 12 is a center point O1 in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first crankpin 14 is cranked around the center point O1 by the rotation of the first crankshaft 12. In other words, the first crank pin 14 rotates on a circle P1 having an eccentric radius R around the center point O1.

  In the present invention, the second crank device 18 is provided on the bed 40 between the workpiece holding device 42 and the first crank device 10. The second crank device 18 includes a second crankshaft 20, a second crankpin 22 provided at a position eccentric from the second crankshaft 20 by a radius r, and a swingable movement on the second crankpin 22. The support member 24 is attached and supports the crank arm 16 slidably inserted. Here, if the rotation center of the second crankshaft 20 is a center point O2 in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second crankpin 22 performs a crank motion around the center point O2 by the rotation of the second crankshaft 20. That is, the second crankpin 22 rotates on the circle P2 having the eccentric radius r around the center point O2.

  In the present invention, control means 26 such as a computer is provided for relatively changing the phase of the first crankshaft 12 of the first crank device 10 and the phase of the second crankshaft 20 of the second crank device 18.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a counter balance shaft 28 and an idler shaft 30 are provided in the vicinity of the first crank device 10. The first crankshaft 12 of the first crank device 10 is driven by a motor (not shown). The first crankshaft 12, the counterbalance shaft 28, and the idler shaft 30 of the first crank device 10 are arranged in parallel and at triangular positions, and the first crankshaft 12, the counterbalance shaft 28, and the idler shaft are arranged. 30 to the timing belt 34. In the present invention, the counterbalance shaft 28, the idler shaft 30, and the timing belt 34 correct the dynamic balance of the first crankshaft 12.

  Next, the movement state of the positional relationship among the first crankpin 14, the second crankpin 22, the crank arm 16, and the cutter 72 is shown in FIG. 2 as a skeleton. In the present invention, the rotation angular velocity (rotation time) of the first crankpin 14 in the circle P1 by the first crank device 10 and the rotation angular velocity (rotation time) of the second crankpin 22 in the circle P2 by the second crank device 18 are calculated. Further, the phase of the first crankpin 14 in the circle P1 and the phase of the second crankpin 22 in the circle P2 are the same. In FIG. 2, the center point O1 of the circle P1 and the center point O2 of the circle P2 are arranged on the same straight line (this straight line is referred to as “straight line L”), and the straight line L and the right side of the circle P1 or the circle P2 The intersection is an angle of 0 degrees (360 degrees), and the intersection of the straight line L and the left side of the circle P1 or circle P2 is an angle of 180 degrees. The state of FIG. 2A is set so that the position of the first crank pin 14 is at the 0 degree position of the circle P1, and the position of the second crank pin 22 is also at the 0 degree position of the circle P2. In the state of FIG. 2A, the crank arm 16 and the cutter 72 are both located on the straight line L.

  2 (1), the state in which both the first crankpin 14 and the second crankpin 22 are rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise at the same phase is shown in FIG. 2 (2), and 180 degrees counterclockwise at the same phase. FIG. 2 (3) shows the rotated state, and FIG. 2 (4) shows the state rotated by 270 degrees counterclockwise at the same phase. The state rotated 360 degrees counterclockwise returns to FIG. Here, the relationship between the eccentric radius R of the first crankpin 14 and the eccentric radius r of the second crankpin 22 is as shown in FIG. 1 from the cutter 72 attached to the free end of the crank arm 16 to the center point O1. And the distance between the cutter 72 attached to the free end of the crank arm 16 and the center point O2 is a, the ratio of R: r is preferably approximately A: a. In the state of FIG. 2 (1), the cutter 72 is arranged on the straight line L, and R: r≈A: a is set, so that the first crankpin 14 and the second crankpin 22 are rotated at 360 degrees. At any position, the cutter 72 reciprocates on a flat ∞ shape (a shape close to a straight line L). The reciprocating distance of the cutter 72 is the distance between the positions of the cutter 72 in FIGS. 2A and 2C, and this distance is the diameter (2R) of the circle P1 of the first crank pin 14. In this way, when the first crankpin 14 also rotates the second crankpin 22 in the same phase, the ratio of R: r is approximately A: a, so that the cutter 72 moves close to a straight line, A cutter 72 can be inserted into the space 44 of the workpiece 46.

  Next, another movement state of the crank arm 16 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the rotation angular velocity (rotation time) of the first crankpin 14 in the circle P <b> 1 is the same as the rotation angular velocity (rotation time) of the second crankpin 22 in the circle P <b> 2 of the second crank device 18. The phase of the first crankpin 14 and the phase of the second crankpin 22 are different. In the state of FIG. 3A, the position of the first crank pin 14 is set to the 0 degree position of the circle P1 (located at the intersection of the straight line L and the right side of the circle P1), and the position of the second crank pin 22 is set to the circle. Let P2 be a 180 degree position (located at the intersection of the straight line L and the left side of the circle P2). That is, the phases of the first crankpin 14 and the second crankpin 22 are different by 180 degrees. In the state of FIG. 3A, the crank arm 16 and the cutter 72 are both located on the straight line L.

  FIG. 3 (2) shows a state in which both the first crankpin 14 and the second crankpin 22 have been rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise from the state of FIG. 3 (1). In the state of FIG. 3 (2), the first crank pin 14 is at a 90 degree position, and the second crank pin 22 is at a 270 degree position. In FIG. 3B, since the first crank pin 14 is above the straight line L and the second crank pin 22 is below the straight line L, the crank arm 16 is counterclockwise with respect to the straight line L by an angle θ. Inclined state. As a result, the cutter 72 is located at a position away from the straight line L by a distance S in the direction perpendicular to the straight line L.

  FIG. 3 (3) shows a state in which the first crankpin 14 and the second crankpin 22 are further rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise from the state of FIG. 3 (2). In the state of FIG. 3 (3), the first crankpin 14 is at a position of 180 degrees, and the second crankpin 22 is at a position of 0 degrees. Since both the first crankpin 14 and the second crankpin 22 are on the straight line L, the crank arm 16 and the cutter 72 are also located on the straight line L. The position of the cutter 72 in FIG. 3 (3) is located on the right side in FIG. 3 by the distance (2R) of the diameter of the circle P1 from the position of the cutter 72 in FIG. 3 (1).

  FIG. 3 (4) shows a state in which the first crankpin 14 and the second crankpin 22 are further rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise from the state of FIG. 3 (3). In the state of FIG. 3 (4), the first crank pin 14 is at a position of 270 degrees, and the second crank pin 22 is at a position of 90 degrees. In FIG. 3 (4), since the first crankpin 14 is below the straight line L and the second crankpin 22 is above the straight line L, the crank arm 16 is inclined clockwise by an angle θ with respect to the straight line L. It will be in the state. As a result, the cutter 72 is positioned away from the straight line L by a distance S in the direction perpendicular to the straight line L.

  3 (1), 3 (2), 3 (3), 3 (4), 3 (1),... By rotating the first crankpin 14 and the second crankpin 22 in this order. The cutter 72 moves on an ellipse Q (FIG. 3A) having one of 2R and 2S as a major axis and the other as a minor axis.

  The distance S at which the cutter 72 is separated in the direction perpendicular to the straight line L can be changed by shifting the phase of the second crankpin 22 with respect to the first crankpin 14. As shown in FIG. 2, when the phase shift between the first crankpin 14 and the second crankpin 22 is 0 degree, the distance S is almost zero. By gradually changing the phase difference of the second crankpin 22 relative to the phase of the first crankpin 14 from 0 degrees (FIG. 2), the distance S (length of the ellipse in the vertical direction) can be gradually increased. . When the phase difference of the second crankpin 22 with respect to the first crankpin 14 is gradually changed to a maximum of 180 degrees ((2) and (4) in FIG. 3), the distance S becomes the maximum. Changes in the phase difference between the first crankpin 14 and the second crankpin 22 are controlled by the control means 26.

  The cutter 72 is inserted into the hole 44 of the workpiece 46 (FIG. 7), and the phase of the second crankpin 22 with respect to the first crankpin 14 is shifted to a position where the cutter 72 substantially contacts the inner wall 74 of the hole 44 of the workpiece 46. The distance S (FIG. 3) is increased. Thereafter, when the phase difference of the second crankpin 22 with respect to the first crankpin 14 is further gradually increased, the cutter 72 moves along the position of an ellipse that bites into the inner wall 74 of the hole 44 of the workpiece 46. By gradually increasing the size of the ellipse to which the cutter 72 moves, the inner wall 74 of the hole 44 of the workpiece 46 can be processed by the cutter 72. In addition, by moving the workpiece holding device 42 that holds the workpiece 46 with respect to the bed 40, the machining length of the workpiece 46 in the axial direction can be adjusted.

  In FIG. 1, the second crank pin 22 passes through the crank arm 16. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the second crankpin 22 is disposed at a position not penetrating the crank arm 16, that is, below the crank arm 16, and is a support member 36 that is swingably attached to the second crankpin 22. The middle part of the length of the crank arm 16 is supported. Also in FIG. 4, the crank arm 16 can perform the same movement as the movement of FIGS. 2 and 3.

  When it is desired to further increase the distance S, the components of the first crank device 10 are replaced so that the eccentric radius R of the first crankpin 14 is increased, or the eccentric radius of the second crankpin 22 is increased. What is necessary is just to change at least one of the replacement | exchange of the components of the 2nd crank apparatus 18 so that r may be made smaller. As a result, the size of the ellipse to which the cutter 72 moves can be increased, and deep grooves can be processed.

  In the present invention, the size of the ellipse that is the movement locus of the cutter 72 can be changed only by relatively changing the phase of the first crankpin 14 and the phase of the second crankpin 22. That is, according to the present invention, the mechanism for changing the eccentric radius of the crank pin required for the conventional groove machining apparatus at the time of machining can be omitted, so that the manufacturing cost of the apparatus can be greatly reduced. In the present invention, since it is not necessary to change the eccentric amount of the crankshaft at the time of machining, it is possible to eliminate the drawback that it is difficult to correct the conventional dynamic balance. Furthermore, the depth of the groove can be increased.

It is a front view which shows one Example of the inner wall processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is the block diagram which showed the motion of the main components of FIG. 1 with the skeleton. It is the block diagram shown with the skeleton which shows the state which changed the phase of two crankpins from the state of FIG. It is a partial front view which shows a 2nd crankpin and the supporting member supported so that it can rock | fluctuate freely. It is a front view which shows the conventional groove processing apparatus. It is the block diagram which showed the motion of the main components of FIG. 5 with the skeleton. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which is processing the inner wall of a workpiece | work with the conventional groove processing apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 1st crankshaft 14 1st crankpin 16 Crank arm 20 2nd crankshaft 22 2nd crankpin 24 Support member 26 Control means 28 Counterbalance shaft 30 Idler shaft 34 Timing belt 36 Support member 46 Work 72 Cutter 74 Inner wall

Claims (4)

  In the method of machining the inner wall of the internal space of the workpiece with a machining tool, a machining tool is attached to one end of the crank arm, a first crank pin that is rotated by a first crankshaft is connected to the other end of the crank arm, and The intermediate position of the length of the crank arm is slidably supported by either the second crankpin rotated by the second crankshaft or a support member that cranks according to the movement of the second crankpin, and the processing An inner wall machining method characterized by gradually changing the phase of the first crankpin and the phase of the second crankpin when machining the inner wall of the workpiece with a tool.   In an apparatus for machining an inner wall of an internal space of a workpiece with a machining tool, a crank motion is performed by a first crankshaft, a first crankpin that is cranked by the first crankshaft, a second crankshaft, and the second crankshaft. A second crankpin to be attached, a machining tool detachably attached to one end, and the first crankpin connected to the vicinity of the other end, swinging to the second crankpin or the second crankpin A crank arm that is supported by a support member that is freely supported so as to reciprocate in the middle of its length, and a control means that gradually changes the phase of the first crank pin and the phase of the second crank pin during processing. And an inner wall machining apparatus. The radius of the crank motion of the first crankpin is R, the radius of the crank motion of the second crankpin is r, and the position of the machining tool attached to one end of the crank arm and the rotation center of the first crankpin the distance between the point is a, if the distance between the rotation center point position and the second Kurankupi down of the working tool attached to one end of the crank arm and a, R: the ratio of r 3. The inner wall machining apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ratio is approximately A: a.   A counter balance shaft, an idler shaft disposed in a triangular position by the counter balance shaft and the first crank shaft, and spanned between the counter balance shaft, the first crank shaft and the idler shaft. 4. The inner wall processing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a timing belt.

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