JP4815594B2 - Performance interface - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a performance interface for playing a performance device such as an electronic musical instrument according to the MIDI standard, and in particular, creates performance data or performance control data based on a myoelectric signal, and inputs the performance data or performance control data to the performance device for performance. It is related with the performance interface which can do.

  Musical instrument performance and composition generally require advanced skills, and anyone cannot easily perform or compose, but many people want to perform or compose an instrument if possible. For this reason, methods and devices for allowing many people to enjoy playing and composing musical instruments have been proposed.

  For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228561, musical tone parameters relating to volume, tone color, tone length, and the like are controlled based on the swing of a swing operation member such as a command stick or a hand swing controller or the output of a sensor provided on the swing operation member. Musical tone parameter control devices have been proposed. That is, a performance means for outputting musical tone parameters, a swing operation element provided with a swing sensor, a feature extracting means for extracting features of an output waveform of the swing sensor, and features extracted by the feature extracting means There has been proposed a musical tone parameter control device comprising musical tone parameter control means for controlling the musical tone parameter based on the musical tone parameter.

  According to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-228867, the user feels that he / she is composing music by automatically and individually selecting the type of note and the sounding condition for each note according to the user's instruction. In addition, there has been proposed a music composition support device that can compose music easily even if it has little music expertise. That is, a device for supporting composition performed by generating a note string that is a sequence of notes indicating the performance of a music piece, and for each note constituting the note string, the type of note, and the note type It is designated by the note selection means for automatically and individually selecting the sound generation conditions corresponding to the arrangement on the score according to the user's instruction, the type and the sound generation conditions automatically selected by the note selection means. There has been proposed a music composition support device comprising a note string generating means for generating the note string having notes.

  On the other hand, if such a device for performance or composition is readily available to a physically handicapped person, it leads to treatment, rehabilitation, or enjoyment of such a person. In other words, the development of a device for performance or composition that can be easily used by a physically handicapped person is worth a social contribution. As a device that can also be used by a person with a physical disability, for example, Patent Document 3 proposes a remote controller that controls home appliances and the like by myoelectric potential. A vehicle control device that performs control and a vehicle including the same have been proposed. Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose so-called interactive art that performs or composes using the myoelectric signal itself as a sound source.

JP 09-127937 A JP 2006-84855 A JP 2003-244780 A JP 2006-84855 A Yoichi Nagashima, “Expansion of Music Expression and Support of Performance Expression by Biological Sensor”, Information Processing Society of Japan Research Report, Information Processing Society of Japan, vol.98, No.74 (98-MUS-26), 1998, p.75- p.82 Yoichi Nagashima “New Myoelectric Sensor“ MiniBioMuse III ”and Its Information Processing”, Information Processing Society of Japan Research Report, Information Processing Society of Japan, vol.2001, No.82 (2001-MUS-41), 2001, p.1- p.8

  However, no device has yet been proposed for performance or composition that is readily available to people with physical disabilities. In addition, the conventional device that performs control using myoelectric potential uses the myoelectric signal itself as a sound source or a switch, and a device for performance or composition that can be satisfied by the operator as it is. It is very difficult to configure.

  In view of such a conventional problem, the present invention allows a person with a physical disability to easily perform a performance device such as an electronic musical instrument according to the MIDI standard, which is an international standard, and compose music for the performance. An object of the present invention is to provide a performance interface that can be used. It is another object of the present invention to provide a performance interface that can perform complicated music expression more easily than a conventionally proposed apparatus for performance or composition, and can give more satisfaction to the operator. .

  In general, the present inventors can produce desired musical sounds in electronic musical instruments when four performance parameters such as timbre, pitch, volume, and effect are determined, such as CD, MD, DVD, DAT, MIDI ( Musical Instrument Digital Interface) It is said that a musical sound reproducing apparatus that reproduces acoustic information such as a source can reproduce a desired musical sound when three performance parameters such as tempo, volume and effect are determined. The present invention has been completed with a focus on the fact that the key elements can be easily correlated with the generation timing, magnitude, and duration of the myoelectric signal or the myoelectric time differential signal, respectively, and are capable of advanced musical expression. It was.

  A performance interface according to the present invention is a performance interface for creating performance data or performance control data based on an electromyographic signal and inputting the performance data or performance control data to a performance device, and an electromyographic sensor for acquiring an electromyographic signal; , Differential means for generating a myoelectric time differential signal based on the myoelectric signal from the myoelectric sensor, and an input device for generating performance data or performance control data using the myoelectric signal or / and myoelectric time differential signal And recording means for storing performance data and performance control data produced by the input device.

  In the above invention, the input device includes a function selection unit for identifying the myoelectric signal, a myoelectric signal identified by the function selection unit, and an identification symbol of the myoelectric time differential signal based thereon, generation timing, magnitude, and duration. A feature storage means for storing the note, a note acquisition means for selecting a pitch and a note value, a display means for displaying an operation menu and a result, and a duration of the myoelectric signal stored in the feature storage means as a note value. It is preferable to have a correlating means to be associated with each other so that performance data can be created.

  The input device may further include an association unit that associates the electromyographic time differential signal with the volume, and has an association unit that associates the generation timing of the electromyogram signal with the performance tempo. be able to.

  Further, the input device includes an operation teaching means for teaching the generation timing of the myoelectric signal, a function selecting means for identifying the myoelectric signal, the myoelectric signal identified by the function selecting means, and the myoelectric time differentiation based thereon. Feature storage means for storing signal identification symbol, generation timing, magnitude, and duration, performance song tempo and performance of myoelectric signal duration at generation timing of myoelectric signal stored in the feature storage means And a display means for displaying an operation menu and the action teaching means, and performance control data can be created. It should be. The input device is provided with a display means for displaying a command pattern using one or more data as a parameter among the tempo of the musical piece, the nuance of the musical piece, and the volume related to the myoelectric signal. Is good.

  Further, the input device includes an operation teaching means for teaching the generation timing of the myoelectric signal, a function selecting means for identifying the myoelectric signal, the myoelectric signal identified by the function selecting means, and the myoelectric time differentiation based thereon. Feature storage means for storing the signal identification symbol, generation timing, magnitude, and duration, and the magnitude of the electromyogram stored in the feature storage means, the nuance of the performance song, and the magnitude of the electromyogram time differential signal It is possible to have a correlating means for associating the sound volume and a display means for displaying the operation menu and the action teaching means, and it is possible to create performance control data. The input device can be provided with display means for displaying the degree of legato using the degree of nuance of the musical composition as a parameter.

  Furthermore, display means for displaying the magnitude of the myoelectric signal and the magnitude of the myoelectric time differential signal on the input device can be provided.

  In the above invention, the myoelectric signal may be identified by the function selection means by performing the myoelectric signal by neural network processing.

Furthermore, in the above invention, the time series signal obtained by A / D converting the output of the myoelectric sensor and performing full wave rectification and smoothing processing is expressed as E _l (t) (l = 1, 2,..., L ), It is preferable to have sensor signal processing means for outputting P (t) represented by the following formula (1) to the input device as a myoelectric signal.

  According to the performance interface of the present invention, a person with a physical disability can easily perform a performance device such as an electronic musical instrument according to the MIDI standard, which is an international standard, and can compose music for that performance. Furthermore, it is possible to easily perform more complicated music expression than the conventionally proposed apparatus for performance or composition, and to give more satisfaction to the operator.

  Embodiments of a performance interface according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a performance interface according to the present invention. The performance interface 100 generates a myoelectric time differential signal by time-differentiating the myoelectric sensor 40, the sensor signal processing means 43 for processing the output signal from the myoelectric sensor 40, and the output signal from the sensor signal processing means 43. Differentiating means 45, input device 10 for creating performance data or performance control data using myoelectric signals or / and myoelectric time differential signals, recording means for storing performance data and performance control data produced by input device 10 The performance interface 55 can play a performance device 55 such as an electronic musical instrument according to the MIDI standard.

  The input device 10 includes an input device 10A for generating performance data and an input device 10B for generating performance control data. The configuration of the input device 10A is shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 2, and the configuration of the input device 10B is shown in FIGS. 1 (c) and 3. 2 or 3 is an explanatory diagram showing in detail the display means 18 portion of the input device 10A or 10B. In the present invention, the performance control data can be created by the input device 10B, but the performance control data is created at the moment of operation by the operator and can be played simultaneously with the creation of the performance control data. In addition, a part of the performance control data can be automatically played based on the performance control data recorded in advance without preparing part of the performance control data. In other words, it is possible for the operator to perform as if he was conducting the performance, and to perform as if he was performing himself or as if performing an ensemble. is there.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (b) and FIG. 2, the input device 10A includes a function selection unit 11 for identifying the myoelectric signal, the myoelectric signal identified by the function selection unit 11 and the myoelectric time differential signal based thereon. Feature storage means 15 for storing the identification symbol, generation timing, size, and duration, note acquisition means 12 for selecting the pitch and note value, display means 18 for displaying the operation menu and results, and feature storage means 15 And means 16 for associating the duration of the myoelectric signal stored in 1 with the sound value. As shown in FIG. 2, the display means 18 displays a function selection means 11 and a note acquisition means 12 representing an operation menu, and as an operation result, for example, the acquired notes are displayed on a staff.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (c) and FIG. 3, the input device 10B includes an operation teaching means 19 for teaching the generation timing of the myoelectric signal, a function selecting means 11 for identifying the myoelectric signal, and a function selecting means 11. The characteristic storage means 15 for storing the identified myoelectric signal and the identification symbol, generation timing, magnitude, and duration of the electromyographic time differential signal based on the identified myoelectric signal, and the generation timing of the myoelectric signal stored in the characteristic storage means 15 Corresponding means 16 for associating the volume with the tempo of the performance music, the nuance of the performance music to the duration of the electromyographic signal, and the magnitude of the electromyographic time differential signal, and the display means 18 for displaying the operation menu and the operation teaching means 21; Have In the above description, the nuance indicates the degree of staccato, legato or legato (legato degree), that is, the nuance of the song.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the input device 10B further conducts a command using one or more data among parameters of the tempo of the performance music, the nuance of the performance music, and the volume associated with the myoelectric signal. It is preferable to provide display means for displaying the pattern. As a result, the operator can express a higher level of music and visually check the result. Note that the more the command pattern parameters, the more complex the expression can be, but there may be only one.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the input device 10B can be provided with display means for displaying the magnitude of the myoelectric signal, the magnitude of the myoelectric time differential signal, and the like. As a result, the operator can visually know the volume or nuance of the performance.

  In the present invention, a well-known myoelectric sensor 40 can be used. As the myoelectric sensor 40, a type in which one myoelectric potential is measured by a pair of electrodes is preferable because it is hardly affected by disturbance. The myoelectric potential to be measured can be 1 or more and 5 (channels) or less, and the performance interface that measures two or three (channels) myoelectric potential can increase the sensitivity, and the structure of the entire apparatus Is preferable because it can be simplified. For example, three channels are required to measure the myoelectric potential corresponding to the four actions of “palm flexion and dorsiflexion, grasping and opening” of the palm from the finger extensor and finger flexor muscles.

Known sensor signal processing means 43, differentiating means 45, recording means 50 and performance device 55 can be used. The sensor signal processing means 43 performs A / D conversion on the output from the myoelectric sensor 40, and converts the time series signal obtained by full-wave rectification and smoothing processing to E _l (t) (l = 1, 2, ... As L), P (t) represented by the following formula (1) can be output to the input device 10 as a myoelectric signal. Thereby, a highly accurate myoelectric signal can be obtained.

  The configuration of the performance interface 100 has been described above. The performance interface 100 is used as follows. First, production of performance data will be described. An operator wearing the myoelectric sensor 40 at a required site can create performance data by operating the input device 10A.

  The input device 10A will be described in more detail. The function selection means 11 is the function selection means 11 as shown in FIG. 1 (b) or the right side of FIG. Since the selected key portion is specified as to what function is selected, the operator can recognize which operation is being performed. An identification symbol for identifying the myoelectric signal is given by the selected key. The “Play” key is a function key for automatically playing performance data stored in the recording means 50. “Stop” when the performance being watched is stopped, “Load” when the performance data stored in the recording means 50 is read into the note acquisition means 12 described below, and the created performance data is stored in the recording means 50 The case is “Save”.

  When selecting a part for creating performance data, the melody “Melody”, chord “Chord”, bass “Base”, and rhythm “Rhythm” can be selected with “Select”. When it is desired to freely play the performance data stored in the recording means 50, the performance method “To play” can be selected, and either “P1” or “P2” can be selected. As described below, the P1 performance method is a performance method that can control the performance for each beat, and the P2 performance method is a performance method that can control the performance for each measure.

  To move to the note acquisition means 12 for acquiring performance data, the composition “Compose” of the function selection means 11 is selected, and “Beat” is selected to determine the time signature of the song. By selecting “Beat” and selecting a note with a predetermined time signature and a minimum note value to be composed, it is possible to shift to the note acquisition means 12 on the left side of FIG. Note that the function selection means 11 can be entered by selecting the function selection “function”.

  When the time signature for composition and the note of the minimum note value are determined, a predetermined grid for determining the note value of the note is formed at the center of the staff notation composed of a predetermined measure in the upper left part of FIG. Is displayed. The example of FIG. 2 shows a case where the note of 3/4 time and the lowest note value is an eighth note.

  The note acquisition means 12 is made by first selecting the keyboard displayed on the left side of FIG. 2 and determining the pitch. When the pitch is determined, it is marked (hatched portion) at the grid position corresponding to the pitch. The sound value is made by continuing the selection operation at the selected position. For example, the selection pointer is moved to an arbitrary position on the keyboard by a myoelectric signal associated with palm flexion or dorsiflexion, and the pitch is determined by the myoelectric signal associated with a grasping operation. And if the operation | movement is maintained, as shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal line part connected to a shaded part will extend gradually in a horizontal direction. When the myoelectric signal accompanying the operation of opening the grip is given when the grip is extended to a predetermined position, the expansion of the horizontal line portion is stopped, and the correlating means 16 determines a predetermined sound value. When the pitch and note value are determined in this way, the note is displayed on the staff. It should be noted that by displaying the squares from which the notes have been acquired with diagonal lines and horizontal lines, even if the notes having the same pitch are consecutive, this can be clearly distinguished. The vertical line portion of the square in FIG. 2 is a pointer that clearly indicates the position from which the pitch is to be selected. Also, “Delete” shown at the top of the keyboard in FIG. 2 is selected when deleting a note that has already been acquired, and its position on the staff is selected by moving it with arrows “→” or “←”. Can do. Note that the overwriting correction of the notes can be performed by moving the selection pointer by the arrows “→” or “←” and performing the gripping operation again from the moved point.

  In the present invention, in the above operation, the signal from the myoelectric sensor 40 is received by the input device as a myoelectric signal and a myoelectric time differential signal. These signals are identified by adding an identification symbol depending on what function is selected, and are stored in the feature storage means 15 as generation timing, magnitude, and duration data. These stored data can be assumed to have not been subjected to function selection unless the stored myoelectric signal is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold by, for example, the comparison / determination unit provided in the feature storage unit 15. It is like that.

  Further, there is provided an association means 16 for correlating the myoelectric time differential signal stored by the feature storage means 15 with the volume, for example, when selecting the above-mentioned pitch, the selection operation is intense and the myoelectric time differential signal When the magnitude is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, a predetermined volume can be obtained depending on the degree. Further, it is possible to provide an associating means for associating the generation timing of the myoelectric signal with the performance tempo to select a predetermined tempo. Further, the myoelectric signal can be subjected to neural network processing, and the function selection determination can be determined based on the output signal. As a result, a highly accurate operation is possible. For the neural network processing, for example, a method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-244780 may be used.

  Next, a case where performance control data is created will be described. By creating the performance control data, it is possible to create performance data for the P1 performance method that plays every beat. First, the operator wears the myoelectric sensor 40 at a required site and operates the input device 10B to create performance control data. Then, the performance device 55 can be played based on the performance control data.

  The input device 10B will be described in further detail. Similar to the case of the input device 10A, the feature storage unit 15 and the association unit 16 are also provided in the input device 10B. As shown in the lower part of FIG. 3, the function selection means 11 is indicated by a key portion in which characters are surrounded by a square. It is the same as in the case of the input device 10A that the selected key portion is clearly shown as to what function is selected, and the myoelectric signal related to the operation is given an identification symbol. “Play” is a function key for playing performance data stored in the recording means 50. The “Stop” key is used to stop the performance being watched, “Repeat” is used to watch repeatedly, and the “Pause” key is used to pause viewing.

  Melody “Melody”, chord “Chord”, bass “Base” and rhythm “Rhythm” keys can be played by selecting different parts of melody, chord, bass or rhythm, respectively. The part can be played freely according to the performance control data described below, and “OFF” is the case where the pronunciation of the part is restricted. “Auto-play” is automatically based on the performance control data created in advance. This is a case where a performance is made.

  Further, in this input device 10B, the operation teaching means 21 for teaching the generation timing of the myoelectric signal is displayed as “Timing input” in the upper part of FIG. 3, and the tempo of the performance music related to the myoelectric signal, A command pattern using one or more data among the nuances and volume of the performance music as parameters is displayed in the center left part of FIG. In this example, it is a case of 3/4 time. As the time progresses, “Timing input” displays 1, 2, 3 and the colored part expands to display the time, and the command pattern draws a triangle mark. “Timing input” cannot be changed because it takes time based on the performance control data of the selected musical piece, but the command pattern changes based on performance control data created by the operator. The music to be played is played in accordance with performance control data created by the operator.

A specific performance operation will be described. First, the operator selects a song to be played and selects an operation menu screen shown in FIG. Next, for example, the “Melody” key is selected, and the other parts are automatically played. Then, select the “Play” key and start playing. As the song progresses, “Timing input” changes. According to the instruction, for example, by generating a myoelectric signal related to a hand grasping operation, it is possible to perform according to “Timing input”. In this operation, if the gripping action is intense (fast), a large myoelectric differentiation time signal can be generated and a performance with a high volume can be performed. Also, if the gripping motion corresponding to one beat is lengthened, a legato performance can be achieved. In the above, when the performance operation according to “Timing input” is not performed, the performance is performed according to the instruction of the operator. Also,
In the case of this example, the magnitude of the myoelectric signal (“Power level”) and the magnitude of the myoelectric time differential signal (“Estimated velocity”) are displayed. It is possible to know whether the muscle strength was exerted (muscle strength information).

  The present invention has been described above. As described above, the performance interface according to the present invention makes it easy for a person with physical disabilities to use a myoelectric signal to compose a performance song that allows a MIDI standard performance device to perform or to freely play a recorded song. Can be done. In addition, since the present invention uses a myoelectric signal and its time differential signal, a large amount of information can be processed, and complicated music expression can also be performed. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be used in various ways depending on the degree of operation of a physically handicapped person. For example, a performance method (P2 performance method) for controlling performance for each measure. Performance control data can be created.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of an input device for creating performance control data for the P2 performance method. The input device 10B of this example includes an operation teaching unit 21 that teaches the generation timing of the myoelectric signal, a function selecting unit 11 that identifies the myoelectric signal, a myoelectric signal identified by the function selecting unit 11, and a muscle based thereon The characteristic storage means 15 for storing the identification symbol, generation timing, magnitude, and duration of the electro-electrical differential signal, the nuance of the performance song, the electromyographic time differential signal to the magnitude of the electromyographic signal stored in the characteristic storage means 15 A correlating means 16 for associating the sound volume with the display size, and a display means 18 for displaying the operation menu and the action teaching means.

  In the case of this example, the motion teaching means 21 is displayed in the upper part of FIG. 4 with six squares (“Input”), and one square is shown with six squares. As the music progresses, □ is colored on the right side of the figure, so that the operator can know the performance timing. FIG. 4 shows a case where the first beat of each measure is being played. The tempo is displayed by 13 small squares (“Slow Fast”) at the bottom of the performance timing display diagram. In the case of this example, muscle strength information is also displayed. In the case of this example, the nuances of the performance music are predetermined.

  The performance is performed so that the operator can measure the timing of the performance and proceed to the next measure, that is, when a myoelectric signal is input within the predetermined time of the back beat immediately before the measure to be performed. It has become. And if the timing is off, you can't play that measure. Thereby, the operator can enjoy the performance and also perform the operation of the myoelectric potential, that is, the exercise of the body. The performance timing can be set to the front beat, but it is better to use the back beat in terms of the satisfaction of the operator.

  Further, as described above, the present invention can be easily used by a physically handicapped person. However, there are cases where necessary myoelectric potential cannot always be collected. In such a case, a training test pattern having performance timing display, nuance display, and muscle strength information display as shown in FIG. 4 may be provided so that the operator can train to generate a predetermined myoelectric signal. .

It is a configuration diagram of a performance interface according to the present invention, FIG. (A) is an overall view, FIG. (B) is a partial view of an input device for creating performance data, FIG. (C) is a partial view of an input device for creating performance control data. It is. It is a block diagram of the display means part of the input device for performance data creation. It is a block diagram of the display means part of the input device for performance control data creation. It is a block diagram of the display means part of the input device for performance control data creation of another example.

Explanation of symbols

10 Input device
11 Function selection method
12 Note acquisition means
15 Feature storage
16 Association means
18 Display means
21 Operation teaching means
40 EMG sensor
43 Sensor signal processing means
45 Differentiation means
50 Recording means
55 Performance equipment
100 performance interface

Claims (11)

A performance interface for creating performance data or performance control data based on an electromyographic signal and inputting the performance data or performance control data to the performance device, an electromyographic sensor for acquiring an electromyographic signal, and a muscle from the electromyographic sensor Differentiating means for creating a myoelectric time differential signal based on an electric signal , and performance corresponding to performance parameters of tempo, pitch, note value, volume and nuance using the myoelectric signal or / and myoelectric time differential signal A performance interface comprising: an input device for creating data or performance control data; and a recording means for storing performance data and performance control data created by the input device.   The input device stores a function selection means for identifying the myoelectric signal, a myoelectric signal identified by the function selection means, and an identification symbol, generation timing, magnitude, and duration of the myoelectric time differential signal based thereon. Storage means; note acquisition means for selecting pitch and note value; display means for displaying operation menus and results; and association means for associating duration of myoelectric signals stored in the feature storage means with sound values The performance interface according to claim 1, wherein performance data can be created.   The performance interface according to claim 2, further comprising an association unit that associates the myoelectric time differential signal with the volume.   4. The performance interface according to claim 2, further comprising an association means for associating the generation timing of the myoelectric signal with the performance tempo.   The input device includes an operation teaching unit that teaches the generation timing of the myoelectric signal, a function selecting unit that identifies the myoelectric signal, and an identification of the myoelectric signal identified by the function selecting unit and the myoelectric time differential signal based thereon. Feature storage means for storing the symbol, generation timing, magnitude, and duration, the tempo of the performance song at the generation timing of the myoelectric signal stored in the feature storage means, and the nuance of the performance song at the duration of the myoelectric signal, It has an association means for making the volume correspond to the magnitude of the electromyographic time differential signal, and a display means for displaying the operation menu and the action teaching means, and is capable of producing performance control data. The performance interface according to claim 1.   Furthermore, there is provided display means for displaying a command pattern using one or more data as a parameter among the tempo of the performance music, the nuance of the performance music, and the volume related to the myoelectric signal. The performance interface according to claim 5.   The input device includes an operation teaching unit that teaches the generation timing of the myoelectric signal, a function selecting unit that identifies the myoelectric signal, and an identification of the myoelectric signal identified by the function selecting unit and the myoelectric time differential signal based thereon. Feature storage means for storing symbols, generation timing, magnitude, and duration, and the nuance of the performance song corresponding to the magnitude of the EMG signal stored in the feature storage means, and the volume corresponding to the magnitude of the EMG time differential signal The performance according to claim 1, further comprising: an association unit for displaying the operation menu and a display unit for displaying the operation teaching unit, wherein performance control data can be generated. interface.   8. The performance interface according to claim 7, further comprising display means for displaying a degree of nuance of the musical composition.   9. The performance interface according to claim 5, further comprising display means for displaying the magnitude of the myoelectric signal and the magnitude of the myoelectric time differential signal.   The performance interface according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the myoelectric signal is identified by the function selection means by performing a neural network process on the myoelectric signal. A time-series signal obtained by A / D converting the output of the myoelectric sensor and performing full-wave rectification and smoothing is defined as E _l (t) (l = 1, 2,..., L), 11. The performance interface according to claim 1, further comprising sensor signal processing means for outputting P (t) represented by 1) to the input device as a myoelectric signal.

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