JP4809023B2 - Processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is, for example, a homogeneous industrial part processed by a machine tool (hereinafter referred to as a workpiece), a workpiece manufactured by a method such as die casting, injection molding, press punching, lost wax casting, die forging, etc. The present invention relates to a processing apparatus that performs processing such as chamfering on a workpiece provided with a workpiece, and in particular, processing on an edge on the base end side of a work outer peripheral surface or an edge of a groove formed on a work outer peripheral surface. For example, it is related with what was devised so that chamfering could be performed easily.

  An example of a workpiece manufactured by a method such as machining with a machine tool, die casting, injection molding, press punching, lost wax casting, die forging, or the like is shown in FIG. The workpiece 201 shown in FIG. 9 has a relatively complicated shape in which the two-dimensional contour is formed by connecting a straight line and a curved line as shown in FIG. The workpiece 201 has a flange shape, and a through hole 203 through which a shaft (not shown) passes is formed at the center, and through holes 205 through which fastening bolts (not shown) pass are formed at four corners. . Further, an annular recess 207 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the through hole 205, and a plurality of projections 209 project from the annular recess 207 so as to be continuous with the annular recess 207. And the workpiece | work 201 which makes such a structure is fastened and fixed with another workpiece | work which is not shown in figure, and is completed as a predetermined apparatus or a component of an apparatus.

By the way, in the case of the work 201 as shown in FIG. 9, high dimensional accuracy is required for the pitches (P1), (P2) between the through holes 205, 205, but the absolute dimensions of the contour shape are required. Accuracy is not as important. On the other hand, in the manufacturing process, it is necessary to remove a portion called “burr” generated at the outer peripheral edge. Further, it is necessary to perform chamfering according to the contour shape or finish the end surface with a certain processing surface accuracy.
At that time, if only deburring is to be performed, a flexible tool such as a brushing wheel or wire wheel may be used. However, chamfering is performed according to the contour shape, or the end surface is processed to a certain degree. When finishing with surface accuracy, a cutting tool such as an end mill, a rotary bar, or a chamfer cutter is used.

There are various types of cutting devices that perform desired finishing using the cutting tool. However, all of the conventional devices of this type move the cutting tool along the trajectory information set in advance based on the model workpiece and the like, and uniform cutting is performed for all workpieces. It was the composition which gives.
Therefore, when there is a variation in the contour shape of the workpiece (the workpiece has a variation with respect to the contour shape of the model workpiece), a variation occurs in the cutting depth. There is a problem that the depth of the chamfer is too deep and the chamfer width becomes large, or the tool is damaged depending on the place.
Another problem is that it is difficult to input and store the trajectory information in advance. That is, when inputting trajectory information, first, it is necessary to set a large number of programming points along the contour shape of the model work, and to set the coordinate values of those programming points. The value is input and stored using the teaching box. These operations are by no means easy and require a lot of labor and a long working time.

  Therefore, the present applicant of the present patent proposes an invention called “following processing apparatus”. Details thereof are disclosed in Patent Document 1.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-200655

However, the following machining apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is configured to detect the pressing force when the machining tool is brought into pressure contact with the workpiece by the load sensor, and the overall configuration is simplified and the operation is easy. However, there is a problem in that the configuration for the program control by the servo motor based on the detection value of the load sensor is complicated, which causes the apparatus to be expensive.
Therefore, the present patent applicant has proposed a “processing device” capable of performing desired processing without requiring such an expensive device or complicated control, and has disclosed it. Patent Document 2.

JP 11-197930 A

The following processing device is disclosed in Patent Document 2 described above. That is, a base, a work holding / rotating means provided on the base for holding and rotating the work, and a machining tool configured to be movable forward and backward in a direction toward the work via a slider mechanism provided on the base. A machining tool unit provided; pressing means for constantly pressing the machining tool in a direction toward the workpiece through the machining tool unit; and abutting on the workpiece provided in the machining tool unit. There is disclosed a machining apparatus including a copying unit that moves forward and backward in accordance with the shape of a workpiece, and thereby advances and retracts the entire machining tool unit.
The machining apparatus has a relatively simple configuration as described above, and can perform desired machining such as chamfering on the workpiece without complicated control.

  However, according to the configuration of the conventional processing apparatus, the following problems have occurred. That is, as shown in FIG. 9B, the axis of the machining tool 211 is set in the Z direction, and the advancing / retreating direction of the machining tool unit (not shown) provided with the machining tool 211 is set in the Y direction. It was. Therefore, when the workpiece outer peripheral surface 213 including the annular recess 207 and the convex portion 209 is processed as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the edge A on the opposite side of the workpiece outer peripheral surface 213 in FIG. Chamfering is possible, but it is difficult to chamfer the edge B of the workpiece outer peripheral surface 213 on the base side, the edge of a groove (not shown) provided on the workpiece outer peripheral surface 213, etc. there were.

  The present invention has been made based on such points, and its object is to be provided on the edge of the work outer peripheral surface on the base end side or the work outer peripheral surface in addition to the facing edge of the work outer peripheral surface. An object of the present invention is to provide a processing apparatus that can easily and accurately process a portion that has been conventionally difficult to process, such as an edge of a groove.

In order to achieve the above object, a processing apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a base, a work holding / rotating means provided on the base for rotating the work by holding it, and a slider mechanism provided on the base. a machining tool unit with a machining tool configured to freely advance and retreat in a direction to the workpiece via a pressing means for pressing the machining tool through the machining tool unit in the direction to the workpiece, the machining moved forward and backward along the shape of the workpiece by contact with the workpiece provided on the tool unit, thereby comprising means copying advancing and retracting the entire the machining tool unit, a shaft center of the machining tool is the are orthogonal or inclined with respect to the central axis of rotation of the workpiece, and is parallel to the moving direction of the machining tool unit, the copying means the axis of the machining tool Along a direction perpendicular and it is characterized in that it is configured to be selectively toward and disposed in one of both side positions sandwiching the machining tool.
The machining apparatus according to claim 2 is the machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the machining tool performs chamfering on an edge portion of a groove provided on an outer peripheral surface of the workpiece. The copying position of the means is configured to be near the edge of the groove .
The machining apparatus according to claim 3 is the machining apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the axis of the machining tool and the advancing / retreating direction of the machining tool unit are set in a horizontal direction. To do.

As described above in detail, according to the processing apparatus according to the present invention to achieve the above object, the base, the work holding / rotating means provided on the base for holding and rotating the work, and the base are provided. A working tool unit that is configured to be movable forward and backward in the direction toward the workpiece via a slider mechanism, and a pressing means that presses the machining tool in a direction toward the workpiece via the machining tool unit; In the processing apparatus, comprising: a copying unit provided in the processing tool unit and moving back and forth following the shape of the work by contacting the work, thereby moving the entire processing tool unit back and forth. The axis of the tool is not parallel to the rotation center axis of the workpiece, and is parallel to the advancing / retreating direction of the machining tool unit. In conventional, for example, it can now be performed easily chamfered also to sites that could not be subjected to chamfering.
In addition, when the axis of the machining tool is set in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of the workpiece, the machining end surface of the machining tool acts uniformly on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece, thereby The processing accuracy can be improved.
In addition, it is possible to easily adjust the positions of the workpiece, the copying means, and the processing tool, and to simplify the structure of the processing apparatus.
Further, when the axis of the machining tool and the advancing / retreating direction of the machining tool unit are set in the horizontal direction, the height dimension of the machining apparatus can be reduced.
A chamfering device can be considered as the processing device, and in that case, a remarkable effect can be obtained.
However, in addition to the chamfering device, a processing device that performs various types of processing can be considered.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 are a side view, a front view, and a plan view showing a configuration of a chamfering apparatus as a processing apparatus.
There is a base 1 first. Six moving casters 2 and stoppers 4 (only three are shown in FIG. 1 and only two are shown in FIG. 2) are attached to the bottom surface of the base 1. A work holding / rotating means 3 is installed on the base 1. The work holding / rotating means 3 is configured to rotate a work gripper 7 by a drive motor 5. The workpiece 9 is held by the workpiece gripper 7.

  A base portion 11 is installed on the base 1, and a Y-direction slide base 13 moves on the base portion 11 in the left-right direction (Y direction) in FIGS. It is mounted as possible. The guide mechanism 15 is provided with a pair of rails 17 and 17 (only one side is shown in FIG. 1) laid on the base portion 11 side and is movable on the rails 17 and 17 provided on the Y-direction slide base 13 side. The guide members 19 are engaged with each other. Two guide members 19 are provided for each of the rails 17 and 17.

  A pressing means 21 is installed on the base portion 11. The pressing means 21 is wound around the rotary body 23 attached to the base portion 11 side, the rotary body 25 attached to the Y-direction slide base 13 side, and the rotary bodies 23 and 25, and one end of the rotary means 23 is attached to the Y-axis. The string 27 is connected to the direction slide base 13 and the weight 29 is connected to the other end of the string 27. The Y-direction slide base 13 is constantly urged toward the workpiece 9 (left side in FIG. 1) by the pressing means 21 having the above configuration.

  The processing tool unit 31 moves in the vertical direction (Z direction) in FIGS. 1 and 3 via the Z direction slide base 32 near the front upper surface of the Y direction slide base 13 (left side in FIGS. 1 and 3). It is attached as possible. The machining tool unit 31 is provided with a drive motor 33. The drive motor 33 rotates the machining tool 35 via a spindle 34, whereby a predetermined portion of the workpiece outer peripheral surface 51 of the workpiece 9 is placed. On the other hand, predetermined chamfering is performed.

In addition, a guide mechanism (not shown) is formed between the Z-direction slide base 32 and the Y-direction slide base 13 (for example, a mechanism composed of a pair of rails and a guide member movably engaged with the pair of rails). The Z-direction slide base 32 is configured to be able to move in the vertical direction (Z direction) in FIGS. 1 and 2 via this guide mechanism. That is, by rotating the operation handle 37, a ball screw 39 extending below the operation handle 37, a ball nut (not shown) fixed to the Z-direction slide table 32, and the guide mechanism are used for the Z-direction slide table 32. As a result, the processing tool unit 31 moves in the vertical direction (Z direction) in FIGS. 1 and 2.
The machining tool unit 31 is attached to the Z-direction slide base 32 via a bracket 36.

  A stylus 41 for copying is detachably attached above the processing tool 35 in parallel with the processing tool 35. That is, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 4, a mounting arm 42 is attached near the tip of the machining tool unit 31 so as to protrude forward in parallel with the spindle 34 as an example. Is provided with a stylus mounting base 43 for copying. The copying stylus 41 is detachably attached to the copying stylus mounting base 43. In addition, the copying stylus 41 is configured as an example by attaching a copying roller 47 to a tip of a stylus main body 45 extending horizontally forward so as to be rotatable.

Thus, in the present embodiment, the axis of the machining tool 35 is oriented in a direction orthogonal to the rotation center axis of the workpiece 9 and is parallel to the advance / retreat direction of the machining tool unit 31. . As a result, chamfering can be performed on various parts of the workpiece 9 that could not be chamfered conventionally.
Further, the machining tool 35 can be applied to the workpiece 9 from the side as shown in FIG. 6A, and only the edge A on the opposite side of the workpiece outer peripheral surface 51 as shown in FIG. 6B. In addition, it is possible to easily chamfer the edge B on the base end side of the work outer peripheral surface 51.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, chamfering can be easily performed on the upper and lower edges C and C of the groove 52 formed on the outer peripheral surface 51 of the workpiece.

  The machining tool 35 is set so that the axis of the machining tool 35 is oriented in a direction orthogonal to the rotation center axis of the workpiece 9 and the machining end surface 49 of the machining tool 35 faces the outer peripheral surface 51 of the workpiece 9 at a right angle. Has been. As a result, the machining end surface 49 of the machining tool 35 acts uniformly on the workpiece outer peripheral surface 51, so that machining accuracy can be improved. In addition, the position adjustment of the workpiece 9, the copying sillus 41, and the processing tool 35 is facilitated, and the structure of the processing apparatus can be simplified.

  In addition, in the processing apparatus of the present invention, a frame 53 is raised above the base 1, a switch box 55 is provided on the front surface of the frame 53, and an end lock cylinder for an automatic door is provided on the upper surface near the front surface of the frame 53. 57, a side cover of the frame 53 is provided with a safety cover made of transparent acrylic (not shown), an operation panel 59, a signal tower 61 and the like on the upper surface of the operation panel 59, respectively.

The operation will be described based on the above configuration. For example, taking the workpiece 9 having a shape as shown in FIG. 6 as an example, the facing edge portion A, the base portion edge B of the workpiece outer peripheral surface 51 of the workpiece 9, and the workpiece outer peripheral surface as shown in FIG. A case where chamfering is performed on the upper and lower edges C and C of the groove 52 engraved in 51 will be described.
(1) When chamfering the facing edge A {see FIG. 6 (b)}
In this case, as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 6B, the lower part of the machining end surface 49 of the machining tool 35 is used for machining via the operation handle 37 so as to contact the edge A on the facing side of the workpiece 9. The height of the tool unit 31 is adjusted. Further, the mounting position of the mounting arm 42 that has been positioned above the spindle 34 is changed so that it is positioned below the spindle 34, and the copying slider 41 is positioned below the processing tool 35, so that the outer peripheral surface 51 of the workpiece 9 is positioned. Next, the copying roller 47 at the tip of the copying sillius 41 is brought into contact. Then, the drive motor 5 and the drive motor 33 are activated to rotate the workpiece 9 and the machining tool 35 in a predetermined direction at a predetermined speed, respectively, thereby executing a desired chamfering process.

(2) When chamfering the edge B on the base side {see FIG. 6B}
In this case, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 6B, a machining tool unit is provided via the operation handle 37 so that the upper part of the machining end surface 49 of the machining tool 35 contacts the edge B on the base end side of the workpiece 9. Adjust the height of 31. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the mounting arm 42 is mounted so as to be positioned above the spindle 34, and the copying slicer 41 is positioned above the machining tool 35 so as to follow the workpiece outer peripheral surface 51 of the workpiece 9. The copying roller 47 at the tip of 41 is brought into contact. Then, as in the case of chamfering the edge A on the facing side, the drive motor 5 and the drive motor 33 are activated to rotate the workpiece 9 and the machining tool 35 in a predetermined direction at a predetermined speed, respectively. Perform machining.

(3) When chamfering the upper and lower edges C and C of the groove 52 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece (see FIG. 7).
When chamfering the lower edge C of the groove portion 52 engraved on the outer peripheral surface 51 of the workpiece 9, the lower portion of the processing end surface 49 of the processing tool 35 is formed on the groove portion 52 as indicated by an imaginary line in FIG. 7. Contact the lower edge C. In addition, the profiling stylus 41 is positioned below the machining tool 35 and brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface 51 of the work 9 below the lower edge C of the groove 52.
On the other hand, when chamfering the upper edge C of the groove portion 52 engraved on the work outer peripheral surface 51, the upper portion of the processing end surface 49 of the processing tool 35 is positioned above the groove portion 52 as shown by the solid line in FIG. Abut on edge C. In addition, the profiling sillius 41 is positioned above the machining tool 35 and brought into contact with the work outer peripheral surface 51 above the upper edge C of the groove 52.
Then, as in the case of chamfering the edge A on the facing side and the case of chamfering the edge B on the base side, the drive motor 5 and the drive motor 33 are activated to move the workpiece 9 and the machining tool 35 respectively. Rotate in a predetermined direction at a predetermined speed to execute a desired chamfering process.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
First, conventionally, for example, a chamfering process can be easily performed even on a part that cannot be chamfered. Specifically, chamfering processing for the edge B on the base end side of the workpiece 9, chamfering processing for the upper and lower edges C and C of the groove portion 52 of the workpiece 9, and the like.
Further, since the axis of the machining tool 35 is set in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the workpiece 9, the machining end surface 49 of the machining tool 35 acts uniformly on the outer peripheral surface 51 of the workpiece 9. As a result, the processing accuracy can be improved.
Further, it is possible to easily adjust the positions of the workpiece 9, the copying stylus 41, and the processing tool 35 and to simplify the structure of the processing apparatus.
In addition, since the axis of the machining tool 35 and the advancing / retreating direction of the machining tool unit 31 are set in the horizontal direction, the machining tool 35 can be applied from the side to the workpiece 9 set horizontally. In addition to facilitating chamfering and the like of the base side edge portion of the outer peripheral surface 51 of the 9 and the groove portion 52 engraved on the outer peripheral surface 51 of the workpiece 9, the height dimension of the processing device can be reduced. It becomes possible.

Next, the second and third embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. First, in the case of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 8A, the rotation axis of the workpiece 9 is oriented in the horizontal direction, and the axis of the machining tool 35 and the advance / retreat direction of the machining tool unit 31 are in the vertical direction. The example set to is shown. In this case as well, substantially the same effect as in the case of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Next, in the case of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 8B, the rotation axis of the workpiece 9 is oriented in a direction inclined by 45 ° with respect to the horizontal direction, and the axis of the machining tool 35 is oriented. And an example in which the advancing / retreating direction of the machining tool unit 31 is set to the horizontal direction. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to achieve substantially the same effects as in the first and second embodiments.

The present invention is not limited to the first to third embodiments.
For example, in the first to third embodiments, the chamfering apparatus has been described as an example, but the present invention can also be applied to other processing apparatuses.
Further, the configuration of the copying means is not limited to that described, and various configurations can be considered.

  The present invention is, for example, a homogeneous industrial part processed by a machine tool (hereinafter referred to as a workpiece), a workpiece manufactured by a method such as die casting, injection molding, press punching, lost wax casting, die forging, etc. The present invention relates to a processing apparatus for performing processing such as chamfering on a workpiece having a workpiece, and in particular, chamfering of an edge on the base side of a workpiece outer peripheral surface and a groove formed on the workpiece outer peripheral surface. It is suitable for chamfering a workpiece having a complicated workpiece outer peripheral surface and various parts of the workpiece outer peripheral surface with respect to a device devised so that it can be easily applied.

It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and is a side view of the chamfering apparatus as a processing apparatus. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and is a front view of the chamfering apparatus as a processing apparatus. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and is a top view of the chamfering apparatus as a processing apparatus. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and is the sectional side view which expands and shows the IV section of FIG. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and is a top view which shows the arrow V part of FIG. FIGS. 6A and 6B are views showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6A is a plan view showing an operation position of a machining tool depending on a machining part of a workpiece outer circumferential surface, and FIG. 6B is a machining of a workpiece outer circumferential surface. It is a side view (b) which shows the operation position of the processing tool by the difference in a site | part. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and is a side view which shows a mode that chamfering is performed to the up-and-down edge part of the groove | channel provided in the workpiece outer peripheral surface. FIG. 8A is a diagram showing the second and third embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 8A shows a second embodiment in which the axis of the machining tool and the advancing / retreating direction of the machining tool unit are set in the vertical direction. FIG. 8 and FIG. 8B are side views showing a third embodiment in which the workpiece is held in an inclined state. FIG. 9A is a plan view showing the shape of a workpiece, and FIG. 9B is a side view showing problems relating to the working position of the machining tool with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 3 Work holding | maintenance and rotation means 7 Work gripper 9 Work 21 Press means 31 Processing tool unit 35 Processing tool 41 Copying stylus

Claims (3)

The base,
A workpiece holding / rotating means that is provided on the base and rotates by holding the workpiece;
A machining tool unit provided with a machining tool provided on the base and configured to be movable forward and backward in a direction toward the workpiece via a slider mechanism;
A pressing means for pressing the machining tool through the machining tool unit in the direction to the workpiece,
Moved forward and backward along the shape of the workpiece by contacting the provided the work to the processing tool unit, thereby comprising a scanning unit is moved forward and backward across the machining tool unit, and
The axis of the machining tool is orthogonal or inclined with respect to the rotation center axis of the workpiece, and is parallel to the advancing / retreating direction of the machining tool unit,
The copying means is configured to be selectively approached and disposed at any one of both side positions sandwiching the processing tool along a direction orthogonal to the axis of the processing tool. apparatus. The processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The machining tool performs chamfering on the edge of the groove provided on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece,
A processing apparatus, wherein the copying position of the copying means is configured to be near the edge of the groove . In the processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
A machining apparatus, wherein the axis of the machining tool and the advancing / retreating direction of the machining tool unit are set in a horizontal direction .

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