JP4798634B2 - Plastic recycling method, plastic raw material and plastic molded body manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plastic recycling method, a plastic raw material, a plastic molded body and a manufacturing method thereof, and a recovery member storage means.

  In recent years, with the improvement of income levels in Japan, home appliances such as air conditioners (also referred to as air conditioners in this specification), television receivers (also referred to as TVs in this specification), refrigerators, washing machines, and the like. Information equipment such as personal computers and word processors, office equipment such as printers and fax machines, and various other furniture, stationery, and toys are now being installed at a high penetration rate in general households. Sex is improving dramatically.

  On the other hand, as a result, the amount of discarded products such as home appliances tends to increase year by year. Heretofore, in many cases, the recycling of waste products such as home appliances has been carried out through the iron scrap collection route.

  However, in recent years, the constituent materials of members of various products such as home appliances have changed, and the number of members made of metal such as iron has decreased, and the proportion of members made of a plastic composition tends to increase. Plastic compositions have a greater degree of design freedom than metals such as iron, and can be imparted with various properties that are difficult to achieve with metals by preparing components and using additives, and are lightweight and durable. This is because it has many advantages such as high performance.

  In addition, the waste of various products such as household appliances in recent years has a complicated material composition of various components, and the proportion of members made of valuable metals such as iron and copper is small, and the value is low. In addition, the proportion of members made of a plastic composition, which requires a lot of labor and cost in the conventional treatment method, has increased, and the conventional iron scrap recovery route can be profitable even if such waste is recycled. Because it is not, it is becoming difficult to respond.

  Many parts made of these plastic compositions are synthesized using embedded fossil fuels such as crude oil as a basic raw material. From the viewpoint of effective use of resources, the recycling of products equipped with parts made of these plastic compositions In recent years, there has been a strong demand for the promotion of computerization.

  In addition, environmental pollution such as global warming and acid rain due to the release of carbon dioxide and sulfur oxides from combustion of buried fossil fuels such as crude oil, and environmental pollution such as dioxin generation and scattering due to incineration of plastic compositions containing chlorine compounds. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of suppressing problems such as a shortage of landfill disposal sites due to an increase in waste containing bulky plastic compositions, it is possible to recycle product wastes with members made of these plastic compositions. Is becoming an important and urgent issue.

  In the present specification, a member made of a plastic composition is also referred to as a “plastic member”. In the present specification, a product including a plastic member is also referred to as a “plastic product”. Further, in the present specification, plastic product waste is also referred to as “plastic waste”. In response to the above situation, the Home Appliance Recycling Law was enforced in April 2001. Here, according to the Home Appliance Recycling Law, as of January 2002, it is obliged to recycle four items of home appliances such as air conditioners, televisions, refrigerators, and washing machines. Legal reference values are set for% or more, television 55% or more, refrigerator 50% or more, and washing machine 50% or more.

  However, these home appliances and other plastic products generally include a plurality of plastic members, and these plastic members are often made of different plastic composition materials, and are composite members made of plastic compositions of different materials. Often it is.

  In the present specification, a member made of a plurality of plastic compositions of different materials or a composite member made of plastic compositions of different materials is also referred to as a “mixed plastic member”. In the present specification, a product including a mixed plastic member is also referred to as a “mixed plastic product”. Further, in this specification, the waste of the mixed plastic product is also referred to as “mixed plastic waste”.

  Here, in order to process the mixed plastic member contained in these mixed plastic wastes again and use it as a member of various mixed plastic products such as home appliances or as a raw material thereof, these mixed plastic members are made of plastic. It is necessary to process again after separating for each system of the composition.

  In this specification, after processing the waste in this way, processing and using the product member or its raw material again is called “material recycling” as opposed to “thermal recycling”. To do.

  On the other hand, there are many methods for recycling plastic waste that have been proposed so far by separating plastic waste containing only a single plastic composition by manual disassembly. However, in this method of separating and recycling by manual dismantling, adhesion of foreign materials such as metal or different resin, materials that use a single plastic composition regardless of manufacturer or year of manufacture. It is effective for those that can collect only a single material plastic composition relatively easily, but plastic compositions of different materials are used depending on the manufacturer and year of manufacture, and there are many metal parts and different resin parts. For members that are used and it is difficult to recover only the plastic composition of a single material, it is a laborious and expensive method and is an inappropriate method.

  Further, as a method for avoiding such a problem, a method related to so-called thermal recycling in which a mixed plastic member is separated from a mixed plastic waste and used as a fuel without being classified according to the system of the plastic composition. Many proposals have been made.

  In this way, as a method of recycling the mixed plastic waste by thermal recycling, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-226242 (Patent Document 1), the mixed plastic member separated from the mixed plastic waste is pyrolyzed. A method is disclosed in which pyrolysis is performed in a furnace and cracked gas and oil are used as fuel.

  However, according to this method, it is possible to recycle mixed plastic waste by thermal recycling, but there is a problem such as the generation of carbon dioxide gas by combustion, so it is a method that fully meets social demands. I can't say that.

  Therefore, many development efforts have been made in various fields regarding a method of separating a mixed plastic member from a mixed plastic waste and further separating the mixed plastic member for each system of plastic composition.

  For example, a method of separating a plastic composition for each system in a liquid using a specific gravity difference of a mixed plastic member has been widely used. That is, when the mixed plastic member or the crushed material of the mixed plastic member is put into the liquid, the material smaller than the liquid specific gravity floats, and the material larger than the liquid specific gravity separates by sinking.

As such a method, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-159052 (Patent Document 2), after removing film-like materials, copper wires, etc. using wind sorting and magnetic sorting, specific gravity sorting using water is performed. And reusable plastic production methods. However, in such a method, there is a possibility that a metal is mixed during crushing, and there is a demerit that the blade of the crusher is damaged by the mixed metal. In addition, heavy specific gravity separated on the specific gravity side by specific gravity sorting is generally processed as waste. However, since the amount of waste generated increases, the processing cost increases, which is disadvantageous in cost.
JP-A-6-226242 JP 2006-159052 A

  As mentioned above, plastic components of different materials are used depending on the manufacturer and year of manufacture, or metal parts and different resin parts are used in many cases. There is a strong demand for the development of an efficient and low-cost plastic recycling method that can recover only the plastic composition of the material and produce plastic raw materials or plastic parts from the plastic composition by material recycling. Nevertheless, such a recycling method has not yet been publicly known.

  Based on the above situation, the object of the present invention is to separate the mixed plastic member from the mixed plastic waste, where plastics of different materials are used depending on the manufacturer and year of manufacture, or where many metal parts and different resin parts are used. Further, the mixed plastic member can be separated for each plastic system, and a plastic raw material or a plastic molded body can be produced from the plastic by material recycling, and the mixed plastic waste that is thermally recycled is reduced. It is an object to provide an efficient and low-cost method for recycling plastic.

  Another object of the present invention is to separate the mixed plastic member from the mixed plastic waste collected from the market, and further to separate the mixed plastic member for each system of the plastic composition. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a plastic raw material or a plastic molded article by material recycling from a product, and a plastic raw material or a plastic molded article produced by the production method.

  Another object of the present invention is to separate the mixed plastic member from the mixed plastic waste, and further to separate the mixed plastic member for each plastic system, and from the plastic by plastic material or plastic It is an object of the present invention to provide a recovery member storage means that can be suitably used for efficiently storing a mixed plastic member separated from a mixed plastic waste recovered from the market when manufacturing a molded body.

  The present invention is a method for recycling a specific plastic from a mixed plastic waste, a member recovery step for selectively recovering a plastic member composed of the specific plastic from the mixed plastic waste, and a plastic member Including a metal contamination determination process for determining whether or not a metal component is mixed, a crushing process for crushing a plastic member, and a sorting and collecting process for sorting and recovering a specific plastic that is recycled from the crushed plastic material. To do.

  The plastic recycling method of the present invention uses a recovery member storage means that can simultaneously store one or more types of plastic members selectively recovered in the member recovery step. For multiple types of plastic members, determine the metal content at a time in the metal contamination determination process, transport the recovery member storage means at a time and use it for the crushing process, crush the plastic member taken out from the recovery member storage means It is preferable that specific plastics that are crushed at once and recycled in the sorting and collecting step are sorted and collected at a time.

  The plastic recycling method of the present invention preferably includes a metal mixed member removing step of removing the plastic member whose metal content is confirmed in the metal mixing determining step, and is removed in the metal mixed member removing step. It is more preferable to include a metal removal step for removing metal from the plastic member, and it is particularly preferable to again input the plastic member from which the metal has been removed in the metal removal step to the metal contamination determination step.

  The mixed plastic waste in the plastic recycling method of the present invention is preferably a product selected from the group consisting of a refrigerator and a washing machine.

  The specific plastic member in the plastic recycling method of the present invention is preferably a plastic member mainly composed of polyolefin-based plastic.

  In the plastic recycling method of the present invention, it is preferable that the particle size of the plastic crushed material obtained by crushing the plastic member in the crushing step is 5 to 30 mm.

  In the plastic recycling method of the present invention, it is preferable that the specific plastic to be sorted and recovered is a polyolefin-based plastic.

  In the plastic recycling method of the present invention, the sorting and collecting step includes a wind separation step in which fine powder and light specific gravity are removed from the crushed plastic by wind power, and a plastic crush in which fine powder and light specific gravity are removed in the wind sorting step. Including a wet process in which an object is exposed to a liquid atmosphere after being exposed to a liquid atmosphere, and a wet specific gravity separation process in which plastic crushed material exposed to the gas atmosphere in the wet process is sorted into suspended matter and sediment by a specific gravity liquid. preferable.

  The present invention provides a method for producing a plastic raw material using the plastic recycling method of the present invention described above. The present invention also provides a plastic raw material produced by the plastic raw material production method. The plastic raw material of the present invention is preferably in the form of pellets.

  The present invention also provides a method for producing a plastic molded article using the plastic recycling method of the present invention described above. The present invention also provides a plastic molded body produced by the method for producing a plastic molded body. The plastic molded body of the present invention is preferably used for a product selected from the group consisting of an air conditioner, a television, a refrigerator, and a washing machine.

  The present invention is a recovery member storage means for simultaneously storing one or a plurality of types of plastic members selectively recovered in the member recovery step used in the plastic recycling method of the present invention described above. Also provided is a collecting member storage means having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with the upper surface opened, the short side of the bottom surface being 50 to 70 cm, the long side being 70 to 100 cm, and the height being 10 to 50 cm.

  It is preferable that the recovery member storage means of the present invention is made of a polyolefin-based plastic.

  According to the present invention, plastic materials of different materials are used depending on the manufacturer and year of manufacture, or metal parts and different resin parts are often used. Plastic parts can be separated for each plastic system, plastic raw materials or plastic moldings can be produced from the plastics by material recycling, and the amount of plastic waste that is thermally recycled can be reduced efficiently. In addition, a low-cost plastic recycling method can be provided.

  Further, according to the present invention, the mixed plastic member can be separated from the mixed plastic waste collected from the market, and the mixed plastic member can be further separated for each system of the plastic composition. A method of producing a plastic raw material or a plastic molded body by recycling, and a plastic raw material or a plastic molded body produced by the production method can be provided.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, the mixed plastic member can be separated from the mixed plastic waste, and the mixed plastic member can be further separated for each plastic system, and the plastic raw material or the plastic molded body can be separated from the plastic by material recycling. In manufacturing, it is possible to provide a recovery member storage means that can be suitably used for efficiently storing a mixed plastic member separated from a mixed plastic waste recovered from the market.

  FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a preferred example of the plastic recycling method of the present invention. The plastic recycling method of the present invention is a method of recycling a specific plastic from a mixed plastic waste, and selectively recovers a plastic member made of the specific plastic from the mixed plastic waste. A member recovery process, a metal contamination determination process for determining whether or not a metal component is mixed into a plastic member, a crushing process for crushing a plastic member, and a sorting and recovery process for sorting and collecting a specific plastic that is recycled from the crushed material. It is characterized by including. Hereinafter, the plastic recycling method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the example shown in FIG.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, first, in the plastic waste recovery step, the mixed plastic waste is recovered (step S1). Here, the mixed plastic waste containing the plastic recovered in the process and recycled by the plastic recycling method of the present invention includes waste such as a refrigerator, a washing machine, an air conditioner, and a television set. Although it does not restrict | limit in particular, Since it contains many polyolefin-type plastics (especially polypropylene) which can be suitably recycled by the plastics recycling method of this invention so that it may mention later, the waste of a refrigerator or a washing machine is preferable. Here, FIG. 2 is a graph showing a typical example of the plastic material composition of four items of home appliances. From FIG. 2, among the four items of home appliances, the composition ratio of PP (polypropylene) is particularly large in washing machines and refrigerators. You can see that it ’s big. Furthermore, the member in which PP is used in the washing machine or the refrigerator is not particularly limited. For example, in a washing machine, a water tank, a top plate, an upper lid, a base, a casing, a pulsator, a dehydration tank, a salt water cover, a detergent cover, etc. In the refrigerator, relatively large and easy-to-recover items such as vegetable cases, substrate holders, substrate covers, cases, EVA covers, base grills, evaporating dishes, compressor covers (back covers), partition plates, water storage cases, box covers, center louvers There are many. Therefore, in the plastics recycling method of the present invention, the waste from the refrigerator or the washing machine can be collected in the process, so that the recycling can be more advantageously performed in terms of productivity and economy.

  In the subsequent member recovery step, a plastic member made of a specific plastic is selectively recovered from the mixed plastic waste recovered in the above step (step S2). In the plastic recycling method of the present invention, by including such a member recovery step, only plastics and foreign substances of systems other than the specific plastic will be discharged as a residue in the selection and recovery step described later. There is an advantage that the amount of waste processing can be reduced. Specifically, the mixed plastic waste is manually disassembled, and the target plastic member is selectively collected.

  Here, the specific plastic recycled by the plastic recycling method of the present invention is not particularly limited, for example, polyolefin plastic, polystyrene plastic, vinyl chloride, polyamide, polyphenylene ether , Polyurethane, methacrylic, polycarbonate, polylactic acid, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, synthetic rubber, polyphenylene sulfide, phenol, polyacetal, urea, melamine, epoxy, polyester, etc. As shown in Table 1, the specific gravity of various types of plastics is less than 1.0, and it is very inexpensive and stable in the wet specific gravity separation step in the sorting and recovery step described later. Water available Because there is a merit that it is possible to selectively recover by use, polyolefin plastics (especially PP) is preferable. Therefore, in this step, it is preferable to collect a plastic member mainly composed of polyolefin plastic.

In the member collecting step in the present invention, it is preferable to use a collecting member storing means capable of storing one or more kinds of selectively collected plastic members at the same time. It is preferable that the collection member storage means can simultaneously collect one or a plurality of types of plastic members (plastic members mainly composed of a specific plastic) that are selectively collected in the member collection step. Such a recovery member storage means is not particularly limited in size, but the short side of the bottom surface is 50 to 70 cm, the long side is 70 to 100 cm, the height is 10 to 50 cm, and the top surface is open. It preferably has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. If the short side of the bottom surface is less than 50 cm, or the long side of the bottom surface is less than 70 cm, the collection member storage means may be too small to store due to the size of a part of the collected plastic member. In addition, when the short side of the bottom surface exceeds 70 cm or the long side of the bottom surface exceeds 100 cm, conversely, it tends to be too large for the size of the collected plastic member. If the height of the recovery member storage means is less than 10 cm, the recovery member stored in the recovery member storage means tends to drop to zero during the process or is not stored properly. If it exceeds 50 cm, the operator must lift and store the recovery member to a high position when storing the recovery member, and work efficiency will be reduced. In addition, since the recovery member storage means has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with an open upper surface, it is suitable for the shape of the recovered member and can store a plurality of types of recovery members at one time. Is efficient. The present invention is a recovery member storage means for simultaneously storing one or a plurality of types of plastic members selectively recovered in the member recovery step used in the plastic recycling method of the present invention. Also provided is a collecting member storing means having a rectangular parallelepiped shape whose upper surface is open and whose bottom side is 50 to 70 cm, long side is 70 to 100 cm, and height is 10 to 50 cm. It is.

  The recovery member storage means of the present invention is preferably made of a polyolefin-based plastic. This polyolefin plastic is economically advantageous because it is available at a relatively low cost and has good moldability. Furthermore, it is preferable that the specific plastic to be recycled by the plastic recycling method of the present invention is a polyolefin-based plastic. Therefore, as a plastic member to be recovered in the member recovery process, the polyolefin-based plastic is mainly used. As described above, it is preferable that the plastic member is configured. However, the recovery member storage means is lost due to the fact that the recovery member storage means and the recovery member collide violently. Even if it is mixed in the sorting and collecting process, it has the merit of hardly affecting the characteristics of the particular plastic to be recycled because it is the same system as the particular plastic to be sorted and collected.

  In the subsequent metal contamination determination step, it is determined whether the metal component is mixed in the plastic member selectively recovered in the member recovery step. In the plastic recycling method of the present invention, the plastic member selectively collected in the member collecting step is stored in the above-described collecting member storage means, and the stored one or plural kinds of plastic members are made of metal. Judgment of metal content at a time in the contamination judgment process, transporting the recovery member storage means at a time for use in the crushing process, and crushing and sorting the plastic members taken out from the recovery member storage means at a time It is preferable that the specific plastic to be recycled in the collection process is selected and collected at a time. As a result, many plastic shapes and types of plastic materials are used for plastic waste, including four home appliances, but it is possible to process plastic materials at once without sorting them by shape or type. Thus, recycling can be performed efficiently. FIG. 1 shows a case in which the metal content of the plastic member stored in the recovery member storage means is determined (step S3) in the metal contamination determination process subsequent to the above-described member recovery process (step S2). Yes. Determination of the metal content can be made by using a conventionally known metal detector.

  In the plastic recycling method of the present invention, as in the example shown in FIG. 1, the metal mixed member removing step (step S4) for removing the plastic member in which the metal content is confirmed in the metal mixing determination step described above is performed. Furthermore, it is preferable to include. Furthermore, in the plastic recycling method, it is more preferable to include a metal removal step (step S5) for removing metal from the plastic member removed in the metal mixed member removal step. It is preferable that the plastic member from which the portion has been removed is again input to the metal contamination determination step. In the plastic waste recycling method of the present invention, one or a plurality of types of recovery members are stored in the recovery member storage means, and are simultaneously supplied to the metal mixed member removal step. At this time, if the plastic member in which the metal content is confirmed to be removed is removed in the metal contamination member removing step, the metal content is not mixed into the recovery member storage means, so that plastic waste can be easily recycled. In addition, by removing the metal component in the metal removal process from the member mixed with the metal component removed in the metal contamination member removal step, the metal component in the metal component mixture is removed and can be recycled. . Furthermore, by putting the recovery member from which the metal content has been removed in the metal removal process into the metal contamination determination process again, it is possible to find a recovery material in which the metal content that could not be removed in the metal removal process is found. There is an advantage that the crushing process and the sorting and recovery process can be performed efficiently and economically.

  Next, as in the example shown in FIG. 1, a crushing step for crushing the plastic member is performed (step S6). For crushing the plastic, for example, a uniaxial crusher, a biaxial crusher, a shredder, or the like can be used, but is not limited thereto.

  In the plastic recycling method of the present invention, the particle size of the plastic crushed material obtained by crushing the plastic member in the crushing step is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 5 to 30 mm, and in the range of 8 to 20 mm. More preferably, it is within. If the particle size of the crushed plastic is less than 5 mm, it takes a long time for crushing, so the plastic tends to melt or undergo thermal oxidative degradation. If the particle size exceeds 30 mm, the plastic collected and collected This is because there is a tendency to adversely affect the workability at the time of heat forming. Moreover, even when the particle size is less than 5 mm or more than 30 mm, the separation ability of the specific gravity separation process tends to be adversely affected.

  In the plastic recycling method of the present invention, in the subsequent sorting and collecting step, the specific plastic to be recycled from the plastic crushed material is sorted and collected. In the sorting and collecting process, as shown in the example shown in FIG. 1, a wind sorting process (step S7) that removes fine powder and light specific gravity from the crushed plastic by wind force, and a fine powder and light specific gravity are removed in the wind sorting process. A wet process (step S8) in which the crushed plastic material is exposed to a gas atmosphere after being exposed to a liquid atmosphere, and a wet specific gravity separation process in which the crushed plastic material exposed to the gas atmosphere in the wet process is sorted into a suspended matter and a sediment by using a specific gravity liquid. (Step S9) is preferably included. The fine powder and light specific gravity contained in the crushed plastic are liable to cause bubbles to adhere in the wet specific gravity separation process, and therefore, those that settle naturally float up due to the buoyancy of the bubbles, which causes a reduction in sorting accuracy. Therefore, by removing fine powder and light specific gravity in advance in the wind sorting process (step S7), it is possible to improve the accuracy of the wet specific gravity separation process, which is a subsequent process, and further, fine powder and light specific gravity are removed in the wind sorting process. By exposing the removed plastic crushed material to the liquid atmosphere in the wet process (step S8) and then exposing it to the gas atmosphere, it is possible to more effectively prevent bubbles from adhering in the wet specific gravity separation process in the subsequent process. Separation accuracy can be improved.

  The above-described wind sorting process (step S7) can be performed using a conventionally known appropriate wind sorter, and the wet process (step S8) and the wet specific gravity separation process (step S9) are, for example, This can be carried out as proposed by the present inventors in 2006-175740.

  In the wetting step, the liquid used when exposed to the liquid atmosphere is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use water. By using water, it is possible to obtain the liquid itself at a low cost, and there are advantages that waste water treatment can be easily performed at a low cost. The liquid may be a solution in which NaCl or other organic or inorganic substance is dissolved in water, or a mixed solution thereof.

  In the wetting process, the method for exposing the crushed plastic material from which fine powder and light specific gravity have been removed to the liquid atmosphere is not particularly limited. However, the crushed plastic material can be easily, inexpensively and efficiently used in the liquid atmosphere. In order to expose to the liquid, a method in which the liquid is stored in a container capable of storing the liquid and the plastic crushed material is settled therein is preferable. Furthermore, it is more preferable to vibrate the settled plastic crushed material in the liquid because the plastic crushed material is smoothed in the liquid and the entire plastic crushed material is easily exposed to the liquid atmosphere all over. The method for allowing the plastic crushed material to settle and the method for vibrating the settled plastic crushed material in water may be automatic or manual.

  Next, the crushed plastic after being exposed to the liquid atmosphere is exposed to a gas atmosphere. Here, the gas used in the gas atmosphere is not particularly limited, and examples include air, oxygen gas, nitrogen gas, etc., but it is easy to obtain the gas itself, and no gas storage place or equipment is required. Considering that the cost is unnecessary, it is preferable to use air.

  In the wetting process, the method of exposing the plastic crushed material to the gas atmosphere is not particularly limited. For example, the plastic crushed material in the liquid is manually removed, or it is applied to water such as colander, mesh, cloth, paper, etc. It is desirable to remove the liquid from the liquid with permeability. Here, the method of taking out the plastic crushed material from the liquid may be automatic or manual. Further, it may be a continuous process or a discontinuous process.

  Another method of exposing the plastic crushed material to a gas atmosphere is to remove the plastic crushed material together with the liquid, or remove only the liquid after overflowing the liquid from the container storing the liquid with the plastic crushed material. You may make it do. Here, the method of taking out the plastic crushed material together with the liquid or causing the liquid to overflow from the container storing the liquid into the plastic crushed material may be automatic or manual. Further, it may be a continuous process or a discontinuous process.

  Moreover, it is desirable to change the specific gravity of the liquid used in the wet specific gravity sorting process depending on the plastic system to be sorted and recovered. As described above, a polyolefin plastic is preferable as the specific plastic to be recycled by the plastic recycling method of the present invention. In this case, the specific gravity of the liquid used in the wet specific gravity sorting step is 0.92 or more. In particular, it is more preferably 0.95 or more. The specific gravity is preferably 1.01 or less, and more preferably 1.00 or less. When this specific gravity is less than 0.92, a part of the polyolefin plastic tends to settle and the recovery rate decreases, and when this specific gravity exceeds 1.01, a part of the polystyrene plastic is mixed. This is because there is a tendency. Here, the liquid having a specific gravity of 0.92 or more and 1.01 or less is not particularly limited, but is preferably water. In the plastic recycling method of the present invention, a specific plastic (preferably polyolefin-based plastic, particularly preferably PP) with high purity is finally sorted and recovered through such a wet specific gravity sorting step.

  The present invention also provides a method for producing a plastic material using the plastic recycling method of the present invention described above, and a plastic material obtained by the production method. The plastic raw material of the present invention is preferably in the form of pellets. At this time, the particle size of the pellet-shaped plastic raw material is preferably 1 mm or more, and more preferably 2 mm or more. Further, the particle size of the pellet-shaped plastic raw material is preferably 8 mm or less, and more preferably 5 mm or less. If the particle size of the pellet is less than 1 mm, the workability tends to be reduced due to floating, and if the particle size of the pellet exceeds 8 mm, the pellet does not melt sufficiently in the cylinder of the molding machine, so that it is uniform. This is because they tend not to be kneaded.

  In addition, when shape | molding a pellet-shaped plastic raw material, you may granulate by any methods, such as a sheet cut, a strand cut, a hot air cut, and an underwater cut, after extrusion molding. Among these granulation methods, when forming into a specific shape by injection molding later, an underwater cut that can smoothly supply a resin raw material and can cope with a large amount of processing is particularly preferable.

  In addition, the shape of the plastic raw material of the present invention is not particularly limited to a pellet form, and may be any form such as a sheet form, a film form, a pipe form, etc. What is necessary is just to determine suitably from an aspect or the characteristic calculated | required.

  Furthermore, additives such as heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, antistatic agents, lubricants, fillers, copper damage inhibitors, antibacterial agents, and coloring agents are added to the plastic raw material of the present invention, and the effects of the present invention can be achieved. You may add in the quantity of the range which does not inhibit.

  Furthermore, this invention also provides the manufacturing method of the plastic molding using the plastic waste recycling method of this invention mentioned above, and the plastic molding obtained by the said manufacturing method. The plastic molded body produced by the method of the present invention may be a plastic member. In this case, the plastic member is preferably used for a product selected from the group consisting of an air conditioner, a television, a refrigerator, and a washing machine.

  The plastic member can be molded from the above plastic raw material using a method such as injection molding. Although it does not specifically limit as an injection molding machine used at this time, For example, a screw in-line type injection molding machine, a plunger type injection molding machine, etc. are mentioned.

  In order to further simplify the molding step of the plastic member, the crushed plastic is directly put into an injection molding machine without producing a plastic raw material having a shape such as a pellet, and the plastic member is directly added. It may be produced.

  Furthermore, this plastic member may contain additives such as heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, antistatic agents, lubricants, fillers, copper damage inhibitors, antibacterial agents, colorants, etc., if necessary, to inhibit the effects of the present invention. It may be produced by adding the amount in a range not to be formed. The step of adding these additives is preferably performed when the plastic raw material or crushed plastic is charged into an extrusion molding machine or an injection molding machine.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

<Example 1>
According to the procedure shown in FIG. 1, the polyolefin-based plastic was recovered. In addition, as the mixed plastic waste, the waste of the refrigerator and the washing machine is obtained, manually disassembled as waste, and the specific plastic member is recovered (step S2), and then the recovery member made of polyolefin plastic It was stored in storage means (a rectangular parallelepiped shape having an open top surface with a short side at the bottom: 60 cm, a long side at the bottom: 80 cm, and a height: 20 cm). At this time, a plurality of types of plastic members selectively collected from the refrigerator and the washing machine were stored at a time. In this way, the recovery member storing means storing a plurality of types of plastic members was put into the metal contamination determination step, and the presence or absence of metal contamination was determined (step S3). A metal detector (ND-820, manufactured by Nissin Electronics Industry Co., Ltd.) was used as means for judging the metal contamination. At this time, since metal contamination was confirmed, the recovery member storage means storing a plurality of types of plastic members was sent to the metal contamination member removal step (step S4) to identify the member to which the metal adhered and remove the metal. (Step S5), the metal mixture was judged again, and no metal contamination was confirmed. In this way, a plurality of types of plastic members that were not mixed with metal were crushed at once using a normal crusher (step S6). The plastic crushed material obtained by crushing is removed by using a normal wind sorter (step S7), submerged in water, and then floated again in the atmosphere to wet the surface of the plastic crushed material. (Step S8) Then, the plastic crushed material which floated was collect | recovered by throwing into water and performing wet specific gravity separation (step S9). At this time, the recovered material was a high-purity polyolefin-based plastic. The recovered polyolefin-based plastic was dehydrated and dried, and then melt-kneaded at 230 ° C. using a twin-screw melt-kneading extruder having a screw diameter of 45 mm to produce a pellet-shaped plastic raw material. Next, the produced pellet-shaped plastic raw material was put into a hopper of a 10-ton injection molding machine, and molded under injection molding conditions of a molding temperature of 230 ° C. and a mold temperature of 40 ° C. to produce a plastic molded body.

  Purity of polyolefin-based plastic of the plastic molded product produced in Example 1, and various physical properties (tensile strength and elongation (measured according to JIS K 7113), bending strength and flexural modulus (measured according to JIS K 7203)) When the Izod impact strength (measured according to JIS K 7110) and the surface impact strength 50% fracture height (measured according to JIS K 7211) were measured, the results shown in Table 2 were obtained.

  It should be understood that the embodiments and examples disclosed herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

It is a flowchart which shows a preferable example of the plastic recycling method of this invention. It is a graph which shows a typical example of the plastic raw material structure of 4 items of household appliances.

Claims (3)

A method for recycling polyolefin plastic from mixed plastic waste, which is a product selected from the group consisting of a refrigerator and a washing machine ,
A plastic member made of polyolefin plastic is selectively recovered from the mixed plastic waste , and the upper surface has a short side of 50 to 70 cm, a long side of 70 to 100 cm, and a height of 10 to 50 cm. A member collecting step of simultaneously storing one or a plurality of types of plastic members selectively collected in a collecting member storage means made of polyolefin plastic having a rectangular parallelepiped shape opened ;
A metal mixing judgment step for judging one or more kinds of plastic members stored in the recovery member storage means at once, the metal content in the plastic members ,
A crushing step of crushing the plastic member taken out from the recovery member storage means to a particle size of 5 to 30 mm at a time;
A plastic recycling method comprising a sorting and collecting step of sorting and collecting polyolefin plastics to be recycled from plastic crushed materials at a time ,
The recovery member storage means storing the plastic member whose metal content has been confirmed in the metal contamination determination step is removed in the metal contamination member removal step of removing the plastic member from the recovery member storage device, and the metal contamination member removal step. The metal member is subjected to a metal removal step for removing metal from the plastic member, and the plastic member from which the metal has been removed in the metal removal step is again put into the recovery member storage means, and the recovery member storage means is again judged to be mixed with metal. After being put into the process, it is transported all at once, and the plastic member from which the metal has been removed is subjected to the crushing process.
The recovery member storing means storing the plastic member in which the metal content is not confirmed in the metal contamination determination step is transported at once as it is, and the plastic member in which the metal content is not confirmed is subjected to the crushing step. ,
The sorting and collecting step is to remove the fine powder and light specific gravity from the crushed plastic by wind force, and to the gas atmosphere after exposing the crushed plastic from which the fine powder and light specific gravity have been removed in the wind sorting step to the liquid atmosphere. A plastic recycling method , comprising: a wetting step for exposure; and a wet specific gravity separation step for separating a plastic crushed material exposed to a gas atmosphere in the wetting step into a suspended matter and a sediment using a specific gravity liquid . The manufacturing method of the plastic raw material using the plastic recycling method of Claim 1 . A method for producing a plastic molded body using the plastic recycling method according to claim 1 .

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