JP4797162B2 - Solar shading - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar shading object such as a blind or a shutter composed of a plurality of slats.

  The sunlight shining into the room from the building window has a daylighting effect, reducing the usage rate of artificial lighting, reducing the consumption of lighting power, and increasing the room temperature in winter to reduce the energy consumption of heating To do.

  On the other hand, the direct sunlight from the window brightens a part of the indoor space more than necessary, which causes unpleasant glare, and also causes excessive heat in summer to increase cooling energy consumption.

  Therefore, it is a common practice to adjust the amount of solar radiation by installing a sunscreen such as a blind on the window. Of the sunscreens, blinds can be installed easily by winding up the slats or changing the angle of the slats by manipulating the strings. Used for windows.

  From the viewpoint of glare prevention, it is effective to adjust the angle of the blind slats so as to block the direct sunlight from the outside, regardless of summer or winter, from the viewpoint of glare prevention. In addition, the adjustment of the angle of the slat may be performed for the purpose of protecting indoor privacy.

  As described above, adjusting the angle of the blind slats not only reduces unpleasant glare by adjusting to block direct sunlight, but also ensures privacy, as well as the amount of solar heat entering the room. Will also affect the heating and cooling energy consumption.

  Focusing on the adjustment of the slat angle to change the heating and cooling energy consumption, it is better to block the strong sunlight during the cooling season and to block the intrusion of solar heat, but during the heating season in the winter However, it is better to accept solar heat as much as possible. Thus, even if the necessity to block the strong light coming from the window by the blind is the same in summer and winter, the control of solar heat considering energy saving and thermal comfort is reversed in summer and winter.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a blind that takes into account that solar heat is blocked in summer and solar heat is received in winter. The blind slat has a corrugated shape and is used for the purpose of exhausting or recovering heat absorbed by the slat by circulating air between the window and the blind. In addition, the upper surface of the slat is a highly reflective surface for solar radiation and the lower surface is a highly absorbing surface, but the range in which the slat can rotate is narrow, and both surfaces of the slat can be set at an angle close to perpendicular to direct sunlight. Can not.

  Patent Document 2 discloses that a solar reflective film is formed on one side of a blind slat installed between multiple glass layers and a low-radiation film is formed on the other side. However, both solar reflectance and emissivity are not specified for both sides of the slat. Further, like the blinds of Patent Document 1, the range in which the slats can be rotated is narrow, and both sides of the slats cannot be set to an angle close to perpendicular to the direct sunlight.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-240378 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-87597

  Although the angle of the slats constituting the conventional blinds can be adjusted by the operation string, the angle at which the front and back surfaces of the slats can be reversed is limited, and both sides of the slats are set to an appropriate angle, that is, direct sunlight. However, it was not possible to set the angle close to vertical.

  In addition, the conventional technology blocks strong sunlight during the cooling season and also blocks the invasion of solar heat, and blocks the strong sunlight during the winter heating, but accepts solar heat as much as possible. Both of the radiation characteristics were not set properly.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object of the present invention is to allow both sides of a slat to be set at an appropriate angle. Furthermore, it aims at improving the energy saving effect and thermal comfort by appropriately setting both the characteristics of solar reflection and radiation of solar heat.

The solar shading object of the present invention is a solar shading object constituted by a plurality of slats, and is provided at a part of the slat in the longitudinal direction, and is recessed by left and right reinforcing plates with respect to the surface of the slat. In such a manner, a flat plate-shaped angle adjusting unit that is inclined in a predetermined inclination angle with respect to a plane passing through the upper and lower edges of the slat from the middle of the upper and lower edges of the slat, and changing the angle of the angle adjusting unit And an operation member for the purpose.

  According to the present invention, since the angle of the slat is changed by changing the angle of the flat plate-shaped angle adjusting portion inclined with respect to the slat, both sides of the slat are set at an appropriate angle, that is, perpendicular to the direct sunlight. A close angle can be set. By setting in this way, it is possible to obtain a daylighting effect by taking in soft diffused light between slats while preventing glare due to strong light.

  In addition, by making the solar reflectance and emissivity of one surface of the slat relatively large and making the solar reflectance and emissivity of the other surface relatively small, the solar reflectance and emissivity are large during cooling in summer. By adjusting the surface to face the outside and adjusting the slats having low solar reflectance and emissivity to the outside during heating in winter, the energy saving effect and the thermal comfort can be improved. In this case, as described above, both surfaces of the slat can be set at an angle close to perpendicular to the direct sunlight, so that it is possible to efficiently perform solar reflection and absorption and divergence of solar heat.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a solar shading object according to the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a main part of a blind that is a solar shading object of the present embodiment, showing the positional relationship among the slat 1, the angle adjusting unit 4, the operation cords 8 to 10, and the support cord 11, and FIG. Sectional drawing and (b) are front views. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a main part of the blind according to the present embodiment.

  The slat 1 is composed of an elongated thin plate having a curved cross section, and as shown in FIG. 6, a blind is formed by arranging a plurality of horizontally arranged slats 1 in parallel. The material of the slat 1 is made of a metal such as aluminum. The material is not particularly limited, but a thin, light and light-shielding material is preferable.

In the slat 1, for example, by applying a surface treatment to the substrate, the solar reflectance (ρ ₁ ) and emissivity (ε ₁ ) of the convex surface 2 are relatively large, and the solar reflectance (ρ ₂ ) of the concave surface 3 is increased. ) And emissivity (ε ₂ ) are relatively small. The emissivity specifically refers to an emissivity of radiation having a wavelength of 3 μm or more. The solar reflectance and emissivity are both in the range of 0 to 1, but more preferably, the solar reflectance (ρ ₁ ) of the convex surface 2 is 0.5 or more and the emissivity (ε ₁ ) is 0.8 or more, the solar reflectance (ρ ₂ ) of the concave surface 3 is 0.3 or less, and the emissivity (ε ₂ ) is 0.5 or less. Is 0.3 or more.
It is more effective to increase the difference between the two surfaces. Ideally, the solar reflectance and emissivity of the surface 2 is 1 and the surface 3 is 0, but technically impossible. Although it is technically possible to make the solar reflectance and emissivity of the surface 2 0.9 or more and the surface 3 0.1 or less, it is not preferable as an embodiment of the present invention from the viewpoint of economy. Since it is considered to be appropriate, in the embodiment of the present invention, the solar reflectance of the surface 2 is 0.5 or more and the emissivity is 0.8 or more as a value that can be easily implemented from the economical aspect. The solar reflectance of 3 was 0.3 or less and the emissivity was 0.5 or less.

  In the vicinity of both end portions of the slat 1, a plate-like angle adjusting portion 4 is provided in a shape that becomes a concave portion with respect to the surface 2. The angle adjustment unit 4 is disposed so as to be inclined at an inclination angle φ with respect to a plane 7 passing through the upper and lower edges of the slat 1 (see FIG. 1), and is integrated with the slat 1 by left and right reinforcing plates 6. The angle adjustment unit 4 may be integrally formed with the slat 1 or may be configured by assembling a separate plate material.

Although the appropriate angle of the inclination angle φ varies depending on the area where the solar shading object according to the present invention is used, it is desirable to set it to (90 degrees—latitude ± 10 degrees of the point where the solar shading object according to the present invention is used).
The reason why the appropriate angle is set as described above will be described. First, the angle at which the slat 1 can receive the direct sunlight from the sun in the spring and autumn minutes vertically is (90 degrees-latitude of the point to be used). On the other hand, taking into account the use of the earth for one year, that is, the earth's revolution period, the earth's axis and rotation, the angle in the spring and autumn minutes is subject to direct sunlight in the middle and middle hours in the summer or winter at a slightly deviated angle from the vertical. It will be. Therefore, with reference to spring and autumn, taking into account the angle error in summer and winter and the latitude of the area where the blind is actually used, a certain allowable value is set to ± 10 degrees, and the appropriate angle is set in the embodiment of the present invention.

  The operation string for changing the angle of the slat 1 includes an operation string (outside) 8, an operation string (center) 9, and an operation string (inside the room) 10. An operating string through hole 5 is formed in the angle adjusting unit 4, and an operating string (center) 9 is inserted therethrough. In this case, the shape of the operation string through hole 5 is a rectangle, and the play is provided in the width direction of the slat 1.

  Further, a support string 11 provided along the angle adjustment unit 4 is firmly attached to the operation string (outside of the room) 8 and the operation string (inside of the room) 10. The support string 11 supports the angle adjustment unit 4, and the angle of the angle adjustment unit 4 can be changed by moving the operation string (outside) 8 and the operation string (inside) 10 up and down. 4, the angle of the slat 1 also changes while maintaining the inclination angle φ with the angle adjusting unit 4.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the slat 1 is provided with a notch 12 at a position where the operation string (inside the room) 10 passes so that the angle formed by the support string 11 and the angle of the angle adjusting unit 4 coincide with each other. Yes. In this case, since the strength of the adjusting portion may be lowered at the angle adjusting portion 4, particularly at the location between the notch 12 and the operation string through hole 5, a thin plate-like reinforcing material 13 is attached to the location. It is desirable to reinforce the angle adjusting unit 4.

  Even if the slat 1 is a flat plate, even if it is a curved plate in which the positional relationship between the convex surface 2 and the concave surface 3 with respect to the angle adjusting unit 4 is reversed, the effect of the present invention can be obtained. .

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a usage state in a cool mode (summer mode) suitable for summer use, in which the surface 2 of the slat 1 faces the outdoor side.

In FIG. 3, most of the solar radiation J from outside is received by the surface 2 facing the outdoor side of the slat 1, but since the solar reflectance (ρ ₁ ) of the surface 2 is large, most of the solar radiation J received by the surface 2. (Ρ ₁ J) reflects and escapes outdoors.

On the other hand, solar heat ((1-ρ ₁ ) J) due to only a part of the solar radiation received by the surface 2 is absorbed by the slat 1 and is dissipated as radiant heat by raising the temperature (T) of the slat 1. The radiant heat (E ₁ ) emitted from the surface 2 facing the outdoor side is the emissivity (ε ₁ ), the Stefan Boltzmann constant (σ), and the absolute temperature (T) of the slat 1 as E ₁ = ε ₁ σT ^4. It is expressed by the product of the fourth power of, and diverges towards the outdoors.

On the other hand, the radiant heat (E ₂ ) emitted from the surface 3 facing the room side is expressed by E ₂ = ε ₂ σT ⁴ , and the temperature T of the slat 1 is almost uniform throughout the slat. E ₂ ) is smaller than the radiant heat (E ₁ ) dissipated toward the outside by the amount of the emissivity (ε ₂ ).

  In this way, by using the blinds to which the present invention is applied, most of the solar radiation from the outdoors is reflected to the outside, and much of the solar heat is also emitted towards the outdoors, thus reducing the increase in cooling load in summer. can do.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a use state in a heat mode (winter mode) suitable for winter use, in which the surface 3 of the slat 1 is directed outdoors.

In FIG. 4, most of the solar radiation J from outside is received by the surface 3 facing the outdoor side of the slat 1, but since the solar reflectance (ρ ₂ ) of the surface 3 is small, part of the solar radiation J received by the surface 3. Only (ρ ₂ J) reflects and escapes outdoors.

On the other hand, solar heat ((1-ρ ₂ ) J) due to most of the solar radiation received by the surface 3 is absorbed by the slats 1 and is dissipated as radiant heat by raising the temperature (T) of the slats 1. The radiant heat (E ₂ ) radiated by the surface 3 facing the outdoor side is expressed by the emissivity (ε ₂ ), the Stefan-Boltzmann constant (σ), and the absolute temperature (T) of the slat as E ₂ = ε ₂ σT ⁴ . It is expressed as a product of the fourth power and diverges toward the outside. However, since the emissivity (ε ₂ ) is small, the radiation amount is small.

On the other hand, the radiant heat (E ₁ ) radiated from the surface 2 facing the indoor side is expressed by E ₁ = ε ₁ σT ⁴ , and the temperature T of the slat 1 is almost uniform throughout the slat, so E ₁ ) is larger than the radiant heat (E ₂ ) emitted toward the outside by the amount of the emissivity (ε ₁ ).

  In this way, by using the blind to which the present invention is applied, only a part of the solar radiation from the outside is reflected to the outside, and most of the solar heat is diffused toward the room, so that the passive heating effect is given to the room. And heating energy consumption can be reduced.

  FIG. 5 shows how the angle of the slat 1 is changed by operating the angle adjustment unit 4. The range in which the angle adjusting unit 4 can be rotated by moving the operating string up and down is the range shown in FIGS. 5A to 5E, that is, 180 degrees.

  FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a use state in the cool mode also shown in FIG. 3, in which the surface 2 of the slat 1 is set at an angle close to perpendicular to the solar radiation. As described above, this cool mode is suitable for reflecting most of the solar radiation received by the surface 2 and dissipating most of the solar heat outdoors.

  FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a use state in the open mode, and the slat 1 is set to be substantially horizontal and is suitable for obtaining an outdoor view.

  FIG. 5C is a diagram showing a use state in the light mode. The slat 1 is set at an angle close to parallel to the solar radiation, and is suitable for positively receiving light into the room.

  FIG. 5D is a diagram showing a use state in the closed mode, in which the slat 1 is set substantially vertically, and is suitable for blocking solar radiation and a line of sight from the outside.

  FIG. 5E is a diagram showing a use state in the heat mode also shown in FIG. 4, and the surface 3 of the slat 1 is set at an angle close to a right angle with respect to solar radiation. As described above, this heat mode is suitable for causing the slats 1 to absorb most of the solar heat generated by the solar radiation received by the surface 3 and to dissipate most of the absorbed heat indoors.

  As shown in FIG. 2, since the adjusting portion play is provided in the width direction of the slat 1 in the operation string through hole 5, when the angle of the slat 1 is changed, the rotation shaft 14 of the slat 1 shown in FIG. 5 (a) to 5 (e), the angle is maintained constant, and the rotation of the slat 1 due to the raising / lowering of the operating string can be eliminated.

  As described above, by rotating the angle adjustment unit 4 within a range of 180 degrees at the maximum, the angle adjustment unit 4 and the slat 1 tilted by the inclination angle φ have the angles shown in FIGS. Selectivity can be given. In particular, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (e), since both surfaces 2 and 3 of the slat 1 can be directed upward on the outdoor side, it is possible to set the angle close to a right angle with respect to direct sunlight. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently absorb and radiate solar reflection and solar heat.

In the present embodiment, the solar reflectance and the reflectance are set relatively large on the convex surface 2 and relatively small on the concave surface 3, but the same effect can be obtained even if the setting is reversed. can get. That is, the solar reflectance (ρ ₁ ) and emissivity (ε ₁ ) of the convex surface 2 of the slat 1 are relatively small, and the solar reflectance (ρ ₂ ) and emissivity (ε ₂ ) of the concave surface 3 are It is configured to be relatively large.
In this case, FIG. 5A is the heat mode (winter mode), and FIG. 5E is the cool mode (summer mode).

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the lateral width of the angle adjusting unit 4 of each slat 1 is sequentially increased toward the lower slat 1. Although all the slats 1 are rolled up at a substantially horizontal angle, the blinds are rolled up by gradually increasing the lateral width of the angle adjusting unit 4 toward the lower slats 1 so that the angle adjusting unit 4 of the lower slats 1 is rolled up when the blinds are rolled up. The angle adjustment part 4 of the upper slat 1 can be overlaid on the top, and the blind can be rolled up without a gap.

  Moreover, when using a blind, you may make it vary the color of the surfaces 2 and 3 of the slat 1 so that a user may judge the surface of the appropriate slat 1 according to use conditions. Further, when the colors applied to the surfaces 2 and 3 of the slat 1 are expressed in the XYZ color system, the Y value corresponds to the lightness, and the Y value often coincides with the reflectance. That is, when the Y value is 50% or more, the reflectance is 0.5 or more, and when the Y value is 30% or less, the reflectance is 0.3 or less. Here, if the Y value is 50% or more on one side, 30% or less on the other side, and the difference between the Y values on both sides is 30% or more, the reflectance can be set by color. In addition, since the user can sufficiently determine an appropriate surface visually, it is possible to efficiently absorb and radiate solar reflection and solar heat, and improve the handleability of the blind.

  In addition, when colors are applied to the surfaces 2 and 3, the color may be the color of the base of the slat 1, the color of the film obtained by adding a surface treatment to the base, or various coatings It may be a color. Generally, white or bright chromatic colors are suitable for high reflection and high emission surfaces, and dark achromatic or chromatic colors are suitable for low reflection and low emission surfaces. In particular, if the solar reflectance and emissivity are set and the colors for visually judging each surface are simultaneously performed, a cost reduction effect can be expected.

  Moreover, the process of the solar reflectance and emissivity with respect to the slat 1 in this Embodiment is not specifically limited, It has selectivity, such as coating, plating, and a vapor deposition process.

  In addition, the solar shading object of this invention may be installed indoors with respect to a window, and may be installed outdoors. Moreover, you may install in the space between double windows, or the space between multiple glass.

It is a figure which shows the principal part of the blind which is the solar radiation shielding object of this embodiment, (a) is side sectional drawing, (b) is a front view. It is a perspective view which shows the principal part of the blind of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the use condition in cool mode (summer mode). It is a figure which shows the use condition in heat mode (winter mode). It is a figure which shows a mode that the angle of the slat 1 is changed by operation of the angle adjustment part 4. FIG. It is a principal part front view of the blind in this embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Slat 2 Surface 3 Surface 4 Angle adjustment part 5 Operation string hole 6 Reinforcement plate 7 Plane 8 Operation string 9 Operation string 10 Operation string 11 Support string 12 Notch 13 Reinforcement material 14 Rotating shaft

Claims (8)

A solar shading object composed of a plurality of slats,
A flat surface passing from the middle of the upper and lower edges of the slat from the middle of the upper and lower edges of the slat in a portion provided in a part of the slat in the longitudinal direction and being recessed by left and right reinforcing plates with respect to the surface of the slat. A plate-shaped angle adjusting unit that is inclined in a direction of a predetermined inclination angle ;
A solar shading object comprising an operation member for changing an angle of the angle adjusting unit.   The solar radiation shielding object according to claim 1, wherein the solar reflectance and emissivity of one surface of the slat are relatively large, and the solar reflectance and emissivity of the other surface are relatively small.   The solar reflectance of the one surface is 0.5 or more and the emissivity is 0.8 or more, the solar reflectance of the other surface is 0.3 or less, and the emissivity is 0.5 or less. The solar radiation shielding object according to claim 2, wherein the difference is 0.3 or more.   The operation member includes a central operation string penetrating the angle adjustment unit, an operation string disposed on the indoor side of the angle adjustment unit, an operation string disposed on the outdoor side of the angle adjustment unit, and the angle 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a support string that is provided along the adjustment unit and is tightly coupled to an operation string disposed on the indoor side and the outdoor side. 5. Solar shading.   The solar shading object according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a color is different between one surface of the slat and the other surface.   The Y value of the XYZ color system is 50% or more on one surface of the slat, 30% or less on the other surface, and the difference in Y value between both surfaces is 30% or more. The solar shading object of any one of -5.   The inclination angle with respect to the slat of the angle adjusting unit is defined by (90 degrees-latitude ± 10 degrees of a point where a solar shading object is used). Solar shading.   The solar radiation shielding object according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a lateral width of the angle adjusting portion is formed larger as the slat provided below.

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