JP4791858B2 - Ultralight foam mortar composition and ultralight foam mortar - Google Patents

Ultralight foam mortar composition and ultralight foam mortar Download PDF

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JP4791858B2
JP4791858B2 JP2006061164A JP2006061164A JP4791858B2 JP 4791858 B2 JP4791858 B2 JP 4791858B2 JP 2006061164 A JP2006061164 A JP 2006061164A JP 2006061164 A JP2006061164 A JP 2006061164A JP 4791858 B2 JP4791858 B2 JP 4791858B2
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cement
mortar
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paste
powder
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JP2007238358A (en
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隆 米内山
哲也 鈴木
竹彦 深沢
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東電工業株式会社
株式会社エービーシー建材研究所
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials

Description

本発明は、超軽量発泡モルタル組成物及び超軽量発泡モルタルに関する。   The present invention relates to an ultralight foam mortar composition and an ultralight foam mortar.

特許文献１の要約には、「廃棄された発泡スチロールを粉砕機により、平均粒径が略０．０５〜５ｍｍの立方体上に粉砕した顆粒を極超細骨材として採用」したモルタルが開示されている。   The abstract of Patent Document 1 discloses a mortar that “adopts granules obtained by pulverizing discarded foamed polystyrene on a cube having an average particle size of approximately 0.05 to 5 mm as a super fine aggregate” by a pulverizer. Yes.

特許文献２の請求項１には、「少なくとも水硬性セメントを含む無機質結合材１００重量部に対し、吸熱物質１５重量部〜５００重量部，無機質軽量骨材と有機質軽量骨材を２：１〜２０：１の割合により配合した軽量骨材１２重量部〜２２０重量部からなり、かつ、前記無機質結合材及び吸熱物質を合計した１００容積部に対し前記軽量骨材が１００〜３００容積部であることを特徴とする耐火被覆材」が記載されている。同文献の段落００１４には、「この発明における軽量骨材とは、無機質軽量骨材と有機質軽量骨材をいう。」と記載されている。同じく段落００１６には、「有機質軽量骨材とは、合成樹脂又はゴムの発泡物等が利用され、その例としてはポリスチレン，ポリエチレン，ポリエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合物，ポリプロピレン，ポリウレタン，ポリ塩化ビニル，ポリ塩化ビニリデン，天然ゴム，合成ゴム等などがある。また、これらのうち、ポリスチレン，ポリエチレン，ポリエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合物，ポリウレタン，ポリ塩化ビニルが望ましく、その形状は、粒状物、発泡体などが利用できる。尚、軽量であればよく、発泡物でなくとも、例えば繊維状や不織布状の物質も採用できる。」と記載されている。同じく段落００１７には、「また、これらの有機質軽量骨材は、粒径範囲として０．１〜３．０ｍｍにあるものを用いる時、より効果的となる。これは、この範囲にある有機質軽量骨材を用いた時に、作業性や平滑性が良くなる為である。この有機質軽量骨材が０．１ｍｍより小さい粒径のものである時、所定のフロー値を得るための水量が多くなり作業性が低下する。逆に、３．０ｍｍより大きなものを用いた時には表面の平滑性が低下する。」と記載されている。   Claim 1 of Patent Document 2 states that “at least 100 parts by weight of an inorganic binder containing hydraulic cement, 15 parts by weight to 500 parts by weight of an endothermic substance, 2: 1 to 1: 1 of an inorganic lightweight aggregate and an organic lightweight aggregate. It consists of 12 to 220 parts by weight of light-weight aggregate blended at a ratio of 20: 1, and the light-weight aggregate is 100 to 300 parts by volume with respect to 100 parts by volume of the inorganic binder and endothermic material. "Fireproof coating material characterized in that" is described. In paragraph 0014 of the document, “the lightweight aggregate in the present invention refers to an inorganic lightweight aggregate and an organic lightweight aggregate” is described. Also in paragraph 0016, “Organic lightweight aggregate is a synthetic resin or rubber foam, and examples thereof include polystyrene, polyethylene, polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, Polyvinylidene chloride, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, etc. Of these, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, and polyvinyl chloride are desirable, and the shape is granular, foam, etc. It should be noted that it is only required to be lightweight, and for example, a fibrous or non-woven material can be used instead of a foam. Also in paragraph 0017, “These organic lightweight aggregates are more effective when used in a particle size range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm. This is because when the aggregate is used, workability and smoothness are improved.When this organic lightweight aggregate has a particle size smaller than 0.1 mm, the amount of water for obtaining a predetermined flow value increases. "On the contrary, when a material larger than 3.0 mm is used, the smoothness of the surface is lowered."

特開２００２−２９３５８９号公報(要約の解決手段)JP 2002-293589 A (Solution for summary) 特開平９−１８８５７７号公報(請求項１、実施例７、段落００１４、００１６、００１７)Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-188577 (Claim 1, Example 7, paragraphs 0014, 0016, 0017)

特許文献１及び２の発明によれば、比重の小さい発泡骨材を用いているが、モルタルの骨格構造を形成するセメントの比重が大きいため、比重が０．２〜０．８ｋｇ／リットルの超軽量モルタルを得ることができないという問題がある。   According to the inventions of Patent Documents 1 and 2, foamed aggregate having a small specific gravity is used, but the specific gravity is more than 0.2 to 0.8 kg / liter because the specific gravity of the cement forming the skeletal structure of the mortar is large. There is a problem that light weight mortar cannot be obtained.

さらに、特許文献１の発明によれば、発泡スチロールを粉砕した顆粒を極超細骨材として採用しているため、モルタルの強度が低く、且つ左官作業性が悪いという問題がある。その理由は、発泡スチロールを粉砕した顆粒が扁平面を有し、顆粒同士が扁平面を介して互いに密着し、セメントペーストが顆粒の周りに不連続的な骨格構造を構築し、強度や接着性が低下するからである。   Furthermore, according to the invention of Patent Document 1, since the granules obtained by pulverizing the expanded polystyrene are used as the ultrafine aggregate, there are problems that the strength of the mortar is low and the plastering workability is poor. The reason for this is that granules obtained by pulverizing polystyrene foam have flat surfaces, the granules adhere to each other through the flat surfaces, and the cement paste builds a discontinuous skeleton around the granules. It is because it falls.

本発明の目的は、十分な強度があり且つ左官作業に適した超軽量発泡モルタル組成物及びそれを用いた超軽量発泡モルタルを提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide an ultralight foam mortar composition having sufficient strength and suitable for plastering work, and an ultralight foam mortar using the composition.

本発明は、第１の視点において、セメントと、骨材と、無機系粉末と、前記セメントを含むセメントペースト中に練り混ぜによって気泡を含ませる起泡剤と、前記セメントペースト中で前記セメント粒子を分散させて流動性を高める高性能ＡＥ減水剤または高性能減水剤と、前記セメントペーストの粘性を高める増粘剤と、を含み、前記無機系粉末、前記減水剤及び前記増粘剤が複合して添加され、左官作業にも使用可能な粘性を備えるモルタルペーストを形成する超軽量発泡モルタル組成物であって、前記骨材は、球形であって平均粒径０．２〜３ｍｍ、嵩容積が前記セメント１ｋｇに対して１．６〜４リットルになる比率に調整された未粉砕の有機系発泡粒子を含み、前記無機系粉末は、シリカヒューム粉末、フライアッシュ粉末、及び高炉スラグ粉末の内から１種又は２種以上選択され、前記有機系発泡粒子は、モルタルにおいて前記骨材中の容積比で半分以上である、ことを特徴とする超軽量発泡モルタル組成物を提供する。
本発明は、第２の視点において、セメントと、骨材と、比表面積が前記セメントよりも大きい無機系粉末と、前記セメントを含むセメントペースト中に練り混ぜによって気泡を含ませる起泡剤と、前記セメントペースト中で前記セメント粒子を分散させて流動性を高める高性能ＡＥ減水剤または高性能減水剤と、前記セメントペーストの粘性を高める増粘剤と、を含み、前記無機系粉末、前記減水剤及び前記増粘剤が複合して添加され、左官作業にも使用可能な粘性を備えるモルタルペーストを形成する超軽量発泡モルタル組成物であって、前記骨材は、球形であって平均粒径０．２〜３ｍｍ、嵩容積が前記セメント１ｋｇに対して１．６〜４リットルになる比率に調整された未粉砕の有機系発泡粒子を含み、前記有機系発泡粒子は、モルタルにおいて前記骨材中の容積比で半分以上であり、前記超軽量発泡モルタル組成物を混練したモルタルペーストから製造された超軽量発泡モルタルの単位容積重量が０．２〜０．８ｇ／ｃｍ３且つ圧縮強度が１．２４Ｎ／ｍｍ２以上である、ことを特徴とする超軽量発泡モルタル組成物を提供する。 The present invention, in a first aspect, cement, and aggregate, inorganic powder and a foaming agent to include air bubbles by kneading in the cement paste containing the cement, the cement particles in the cement paste during A high-performance AE water-reducing agent or high-performance water-reducing agent that disperses the fluid and increases the viscosity of the cement paste, and the inorganic powder, the water-reducing agent, and the thickener are combined. Is an ultralight foam mortar composition that forms a mortar paste having a viscosity that can be used for plastering , and the aggregate is spherical and has an average particle size of 0.2 to 3 mm and a bulk volume. Includes unmilled organic foam particles adjusted to a ratio of 1.6 to 4 liters per 1 kg of cement, and the inorganic powder includes silica fume powder, fly ash powder, and Provided is an ultralight foam mortar composition characterized in that one or more kinds of furnace slag powders are selected and the organic foam particles are at least half of the volume ratio in the aggregate in the mortar. To do.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a cement, an aggregate, an inorganic powder having a specific surface area larger than that of the cement, and a foaming agent that includes bubbles by mixing in the cement paste containing the cement. A high-performance AE water reducing agent or high-performance water reducing agent that disperses the cement particles in the cement paste to increase fluidity; and a thickener that increases the viscosity of the cement paste, the inorganic powder, the water reducing agent An ultralight foam mortar composition that is added in combination with an agent and the thickener to form a mortar paste having a viscosity that can also be used for plastering , wherein the aggregate is spherical and has an average particle size 0.2 to 3 mm, and includes unmilled organic foam particles adjusted to a ratio of 1.6 to 4 liters per 1 kg of the cement. Wherein not less than half the volume ratio of the aggregate in the unit volume weight of the ultra-light foam mortar produced ultralight foam mortar composition from the kneading mortar paste 0.2 to 0.8 g / cm 3 and in An ultralight foam mortar composition characterized by having a compressive strength of 1.24 N / mm 2 or more.

軽量モルタルを製造する場合、軽量な発泡骨材を用いる必要があり、その実績率（発泡骨材の添加比率）を高くする必要がある。しかし、単位体積重量が０．２〜０．８ｋｇ／リットルの超軽量モルタルを製造する場合、軽量な発泡骨材を用いて、その実績率を高くしなければいけないが限界がある。一般的にモルタルの場合実績率は７０％が限界とされている。前記単位体積重量範囲のモルタルを得るためにはセメントペーストに気泡を含ませ、それを軽量にした気泡モルタルにする必要がある。   When manufacturing a lightweight mortar, it is necessary to use a lightweight foamed aggregate, and it is necessary to raise the performance rate (addition ratio of a foamed aggregate). However, when manufacturing an ultralight mortar having a unit volume weight of 0.2 to 0.8 kg / liter, it is necessary to increase the performance rate by using a lightweight foam aggregate, but there is a limit. In general, in the case of mortar, the actual rate is limited to 70%. In order to obtain the unit volume weight range of mortar, it is necessary to make the cement paste contain bubbles to make the bubble mortar lighter.

また、セメント単位あたりの骨材量を増加させるとモルタル組成物の練り混ぜを容易にし、且つ、左官作業に適したモルタルペーストを得るために必要な単位数量が増加するため、水セメント比が高いモルタルになる。水セメント比が高いモルタルは、強度が低く、耐久性に劣る。また、水セメント比が高くなると発泡剤および起泡剤によってモルタルペースト内の気泡が時間と共に消泡し、体積変化が生じ、表面仕上げおよび内部が粗いモルタルとなる。   In addition, when the amount of aggregate per cement unit is increased, mixing of the mortar composition is facilitated, and the unit quantity necessary for obtaining a mortar paste suitable for plastering work increases, so the water cement ratio is high. Become mortar. Mortar with a high water-cement ratio has low strength and poor durability. Further, when the water-cement ratio is increased, the foaming agent and the foaming agent cause the bubbles in the mortar paste to disappear with time, resulting in a volume change, resulting in a mortar with a rough surface finish and interior.

本発明は、骨材として粉砕されていない球形の有機系発泡粒子をセメントに対して所定量用いると共に、起泡剤によってセメントペースト内に気泡を含ませる。これによって、セメントペースト自体も軽量化されるため、単位体積重量０．２〜０．８ｋｇ／リットル、好ましくは０．５ｋｇ／リットル以下、特に、０．３〜０．５ｋｇ／リットルの気泡モルタルを得ることができる。   In the present invention, a predetermined amount of spherical organic expanded particles that are not crushed as aggregates are used with respect to cement, and bubbles are included in the cement paste by a foaming agent. As a result, the cement paste itself is also reduced in weight, so that a unit volume weight of 0.2 to 0.8 kg / liter, preferably 0.5 kg / liter or less, particularly 0.3 to 0.5 kg / liter of foam mortar is used. Obtainable.

よって、本発明によれば、高性能ＡＥ減水剤または高性能減水剤を用いることにより、セメントペーストの水セメント比を小さくした、練り混ぜが容易で、左官作業に適した超軽量なモルタルを得ることができる。   Therefore, according to the present invention, by using a high-performance AE water reducing agent or a high-performance water reducing agent, a water-cement ratio of the cement paste is reduced, easy mixing and an ultralight mortar suitable for plastering work is obtained. be able to.

さらに、本発明によれば、水セメント比を低くすることができるため、安定した気泡を含むセメントペーストを作成することができる。   Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the water cement ratio can be lowered, a cement paste containing stable bubbles can be created.

また、本発明によるモルタルペーストにおいて、骨材たる球形の有機系発泡粒子同士は、点若しくは極めて小さな面積でお互いに接触する。これによって、多数の球形の粒子（骨材）の周りには、セメントペーストによる連続的で規則的な骨格が形成される。この結果モルタル全体の強度が向上し、左官作業も向上する。その理由は、骨材が球形であることによりセメントペーストの被接着面に対して接着の期待できない骨材は、被接着面に対して、点若しくは極めて小さな面積でしか接触できず、被接着面の大部分はセメントペーストが接触するからである。しかも、本発明によれば、上述したとおり、水セメント比を小さくすることができることにより、無機系粉末、起泡剤、高性能ＡＥ減水剤または高性能減水剤及び増粘剤を添加して、セメントペーストの粘性を高くし、気泡及び有機系発泡粒子を安定して含むモルタルペーストを得ることができるため、さらに左官性能の向上につながる。 Moreover, in the mortar paste according to the present invention, spherical organic foam particles as aggregates contact each other at a point or extremely small area. As a result, a continuous and regular skeleton of cement paste is formed around a large number of spherical particles (aggregates). As a result, the strength of the entire mortar is improved and the plastering work is also improved. The reason for this is that aggregates that are spherical cannot be expected to adhere to the cement paste adherend due to the spherical shape of the aggregate, and can only contact the adherend with a point or very small area. This is because the cement paste comes into contact with most of the material. Moreover, according to the present invention, as described above, the water-cement ratio can be reduced, so that an inorganic powder, a foaming agent, a high-performance AE water reducing agent or a high-performance water reducing agent and a thickening agent are added, Since the viscosity of the cement paste can be increased and a mortar paste containing air bubbles and organic foam particles stably can be obtained, this further improves the plastering performance.

以上のように、本発明によれば、従来製造が困難であった超軽量モルタル（気泡モルタル、発泡モルタル）をより簡単に得ることができ、しかも、強度と左官作業に優れた超軽量モルタルを簡単に得ることができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to more easily obtain an ultralight mortar (bubble mortar, foamed mortar), which has been difficult to produce in the past, and an ultralight mortar excellent in strength and plastering work. Can be easily obtained.

以下、本発明の超軽量発泡モルタル組成物を用いて、少なくとも比重０．２〜０．８ｋｇ／リットルの超軽量なモルタルを得るための好ましい成分又はその添加量等について説明する。   Hereinafter, a preferable component for obtaining an ultralight mortar having a specific gravity of 0.2 to 0.8 kg / liter using the ultralight foamed mortar composition of the present invention, or an addition amount thereof will be described.

［セメントに対する未粉砕の有機系発泡粒子の容積］
未粉砕で球形の有機系発泡粒子のセメント１ｋｇに対する嵩容積は、１．６〜４リットルが好ましく、さらに好ましくは、２〜３．２リットルである。 [Volume of unground organic expanded particles relative to cement]
The bulk volume of unground and spherical organic expanded particles with respect to 1 kg of cement is preferably 1.6 to 4 liters, and more preferably 2 to 3.2 liters.

［セメント］
本発明において用いられるセメントは、用途により選択でき、例えば、普通ポルトランドセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、ビーライトセメント、高炉セメント、三成分セメント、混合セメント、アルミナセメント等を使用することができる。 [cement]
The cement used in the present invention can be selected depending on the application, and for example, ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, belite cement, blast furnace cement, ternary cement, mixed cement, alumina cement and the like can be used.

［骨材：有機系発泡粒子］
本発明によれば、前記有機系発泡粒子は平均粒径０．２〜３ｍｍが好ましく、さらに好ましくは０．３〜１．５ｍｍである。左官仕上げもしくは型枠にモルタルを入れて成型する場合、モルタル表面は骨材の粒径が小さいほど綺麗である。また、骨材の粒径が小さいと、骨材に作用する浮力が小さくなるため、モルタルペースト中で骨材が均一に分散する。なお、骨材の粒径が小さすぎると、取り扱い性が低下する。 [Aggregate: Organic foam particles]
According to the present invention, the organic foamed particles preferably have an average particle size of 0.2 to 3 mm, more preferably 0.3 to 1.5 mm. When plastering or molding mortar into molds, the surface of the mortar is cleaner as the aggregate particle size is smaller. Moreover, since the buoyancy which acts on an aggregate will become small if the particle size of an aggregate is small, an aggregate will disperse | distribute uniformly in a mortar paste. In addition, when the particle size of an aggregate is too small, handleability will fall.

本発明の前記有機系発泡粒子は、超軽量な発泡モルタルを得るために、発泡倍率５〜８０倍、好ましくは１０〜６０倍とする。   The organic expanded particles of the present invention have an expansion ratio of 5 to 80 times, preferably 10 to 60 times, in order to obtain an ultralight expanded mortar.

通常のモルタル（気泡モルタルでないモルタル）のセメントペーストの単位容積重量は１．５〜１．９ｋｇ／リットル（水セメント比により範囲がある）である。本発明では、高性能ＡＥ減水剤または高性能減水剤と、起泡剤と、増粘剤を用い、水セメント比を小さなまま、気泡を安定した状態でセメントペースト内部に含ませ、セメントペーストの単位容積重量を１．２〜１．６ｋｇ／リットル程度となるように調整する。   The unit volume weight of normal mortar (non-bubble mortar) cement paste is 1.5 to 1.9 kg / liter (there is a range depending on the water cement ratio). In the present invention, a high-performance AE water-reducing agent or a high-performance water-reducing agent, a foaming agent, and a thickener are used, and the water-cement ratio is kept small and air bubbles are stably contained in the cement paste. The unit volume weight is adjusted to be about 1.2 to 1.6 kg / liter.

［骨材：無機系］
骨材中、無機系骨材を含んでもよく、例えば、容積比で１〜５０％含んでもよい。 [Aggregate: Inorganic]
The aggregate may contain an inorganic aggregate, for example, 1 to 50% by volume.

［無機系粉末］
無機系粉末を添加する場合、比表面積が前記セメントよりも大きい無機系微粉末を含むことが望ましい。この無機系粉末にはシリカヒューム微粉末、フライアッシュ微粉末、高炉スラグ微粉末がある。この中でシリカヒュームの場合はセメント１００重量部に対して５〜２０重量部、フライアッシュ微粉末の場合はセメント１００重量部に対して５〜４５重量部、高炉セメント微粉末の場合はセメント１００重量部に対して５〜５００重量部が望ましい。好ましくは、セメントの比表面積は２５００〜５０００ｃｍ２／ｇ、無機系粉末の比表面積は３０００〜２５００００ｃｍ２／ｇである。特に好ましくは、セメントの比表面積は３０００〜５０００ｃｍ２／ｇ、各微粉末の比表面積はシリカヒューム微粉末で２０００００ｃｍ２／ｇ、フライアッシュ微粉末で３０００〜５０００ｃｍ２／ｇ、高炉スラグ微粉末で３０００〜１００００ｃｍ２／ｇである。なお、比表面積の測定方法について、シリカヒューム微粉末はＢＥＴ法、それ以外の、セメント粉末、フライアッシュ微粉末及び高炉スラグ微粉末については、ブレーン法による。 [Inorganic powder]
When adding an inorganic powder, it is desirable to include an inorganic fine powder having a specific surface area larger than that of the cement. This inorganic powder includes silica fume fine powder, fly ash fine powder, and blast furnace slag fine powder. Among these, silica fume is 5 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement, fly ash fine powder is 5 to 45 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement, and blast furnace cement fine powder is cement 100. 5 to 500 parts by weight is desirable with respect to parts by weight. Preferably, the specific surface area of the cement is 2500 to 5000 cm 2 / g, and the specific surface area of the inorganic powder is 3000 to 250,000 cm 2 / g. Particularly preferably, the specific surface area of the cement 3000~5000cm 2 / g, a specific surface area of the fine powder 200000cm 2 / g silica fume powder, fly ash powder 3000~5000cm 2 / g, in the blast furnace slag It is 3000-10000 cm < 2 > / g. In addition, about the measuring method of a specific surface area, a silica fume fine powder is based on a BET method, and the other cement powder, a fly ash fine powder, and a blast furnace slag fine powder are based on a brane method.

このように、無機系粉末、特に、無機系微粉末を添加することによりセメント粒子の間に充填され、少ない水セメント比で材料の分離の少ないモルタルが得られる（マイクロフィラー効果）。また、水セメント比を低減させることにより、高強度モルタルが得られる。   Thus, by adding an inorganic powder, especially an inorganic fine powder, it is filled between cement particles, and a mortar with less material separation can be obtained with a small water cement ratio (microfiller effect). Moreover, high strength mortar can be obtained by reducing the water cement ratio.

この軽量モルタルに無機系微粉末を混和材として添加する場合は、シリカヒューム微粉末、フライアッシュ微粉末、高炉スラグ微粉末の内から選択される１又は２種類以上を含む。   When adding an inorganic fine powder to this lightweight mortar as an admixture, it contains one or more selected from among silica fume fine powder, fly ash fine powder, and blast furnace slag fine powder.

［モルタルペースト］
前記超軽量発泡モルタル組成物を混合し攪拌した後の単位容積重量が好ましくは０．２〜０．８ｋｇ／リットル、さらに好ましくは０．２〜０．６ｋｇ／リットルである。 [Mortar paste]
The unit volume weight after mixing and stirring the ultralight foam mortar composition is preferably 0.2 to 0.8 kg / liter, more preferably 0.2 to 0.6 kg / liter.

［起泡剤］
前記起泡剤は合成界面活性剤系のアニオン系界面活性剤や両性界面活性剤を主成分としたものや、松脂などをアルカリ鹸化したロジン石鹸などの樹脂石鹸や、加水分解タンパク質などの起泡剤である。 [Foaming agent]
The foaming agent is mainly composed of synthetic surfactant type anionic surfactant or amphoteric surfactant, resin soap such as rosin soap obtained by alkaline saponification of pine resin, foaming such as hydrolyzed protein. It is an agent.

［減水剤］
前記「高性能ＡＥ減水剤」は、ＪＩＳ Ａ６２０４：２０００に規定する化学混和剤である。減水剤は、セメント粒子を分散させ、流動性を高め、水セメント比を減じ、高強度を得る目的で使用される混和剤であり、このうち、高性能ＡＥ減水剤は微細な空気連行作用を伴って最も減水率が高い。前記高性能ＡＥ減水剤または高性能減水剤は、ポリカルボン酸類、ナフタリン系、アミノスルホン酸系のうちから選択される１又は２種類以上を含む。前記高性能ＡＥ減水剤としては、ポリカルボン酸系と同等又はそれ以上のものを用いることが好ましい。 [Water reducing agent]
The “high performance AE water reducing agent” is a chemical admixture defined in JIS A6204: 2000. A water reducing agent is an admixture used to disperse cement particles, increase fluidity, reduce water cement ratio, and obtain high strength. Among them, high performance AE water reducing agent has a fine air entraining action. The water reduction rate is the highest. The high-performance AE water reducing agent or the high-performance water reducing agent includes one or more selected from polycarboxylic acids, naphthalene-based, and aminosulfonic acid-based. As the high-performance AE water reducing agent, it is preferable to use the same or higher polycarboxylic acid type.

［増粘剤］
前記増粘剤はセメントペーストの粘性を高め、セメントペースト内の気泡を安定させると骨材との接着力を高め、さらにモルタルと下地との接着力を高める。前記増粘剤は、前アクリル系、アクリルアミド系、メチルセルロース系、エチレン酢酸ビニル系を主成分とする水溶性有機剤およびアタパルジャイト、緑泥石粉末、ベントナイト、セピオライトの無機系増粘剤のうちから選択される１又は２種類以上を含む。 [Thickener]
The thickener increases the viscosity of the cement paste, and when the bubbles in the cement paste are stabilized, the adhesive strength with the aggregate is increased, and further, the adhesive strength between the mortar and the ground is increased. The thickener is selected from pre-acrylic, acrylamide-based, methylcellulose-based, water-soluble organic agents based on ethylene vinyl acetate and attapulgite, chlorite powder, bentonite, and sepiolite inorganic thickeners. 1 or 2 or more types included.

［水セメント比］
本発明の超軽量発泡モルタル組成物に水を添加してモルタルペーストを作製する場合、水セメント重量比が３０％以上である。 [Water cement ratio]
When water is added to the ultralight foam mortar composition of the present invention to produce a mortar paste, the water cement weight ratio is 30% or more.

本実施形態に係る超軽量発泡モルタルは、従来の軽量モルタルと同様に、ミキサーを用いて練ることができる。ミキサーは、強制二軸ミキサー、パン型ミキサー、傾棟型ミキサー、ハンドミキサー等が挙げられる。   The ultralight foam mortar according to the present embodiment can be kneaded using a mixer in the same manner as a conventional lightweight mortar. Examples of the mixer include a forced biaxial mixer, a pan type mixer, a leaning type mixer, and a hand mixer.

本発明の超軽量発泡モルタル組成物から作製されるモルタルペーストは、レミコン車などによる運搬も可能であり、また柔らかさ、強度、及び単位容積重量も調整することができる。   The mortar paste produced from the ultra-lightweight foamed mortar composition of the present invention can be transported by a remicon vehicle or the like, and the softness, strength, and unit volume weight can be adjusted.

本発明の超軽量発泡モルタル組成物から作製される超軽量発泡モルタルの養生方法は、従来の養生方法と同様の手段を採用することができる。例えば、自然養生、蒸気養生、オートクレーブ養生である。   The curing method of the ultralight foam mortar produced from the ultralight foaming mortar composition of the present invention can employ the same means as the conventional curing method. For example, natural curing, steam curing, and autoclave curing.

本発明の超軽量発泡モルタル組成物から作製されるモルタルペーストを型枠に打設して硬化させてもよい。このとき、連続生産方式を採用できることもでき、複雑な形状にすることも可能である。現在使われている無機系２次製品に替えることもでき、断熱性能はもちろん遮音性能も優れている。   A mortar paste produced from the ultralight foam mortar composition of the present invention may be placed on a mold and cured. At this time, a continuous production method can be adopted, and a complicated shape can be obtained. It can be replaced with the currently used inorganic secondary products, and it has excellent sound insulation performance as well as heat insulation performance.

本発明の超軽量発泡モルタル組成物は、骨材、混和剤等を粉体としてプレミックスした状態で出荷し、現場でこの組成物にセメント、水、添加剤等を加えて混練することができる。   The ultra-lightweight foamed mortar composition of the present invention can be shipped in a premixed state of aggregate, admixture, etc. as a powder, and can be kneaded by adding cement, water, additives, etc. to the composition on site. .

図１に示す材料を調合して、モルタルミキサーで練り混ぜて超軽量発泡モルタルを製造し、製造された超軽量発泡モルタルの左官鏝塗り性、および単位容積重量と圧縮強度を測定した。左官鏝塗り性は、製造されたモルタルを壁垂直面に塗りつけ、その作業性（鏝塗り性、付着性、表面性）を評価した。球形又は粉砕された発泡スチロールの容積は５０リットルとした。超軽量発泡モルタルの単位容積重量は、製造されたモルタルをＪＩＳ Ａ １１７１「ポリマーセメントモルタルの試験方法：単位容積質量試験」によって測定した。超軽量発泡モルタルの圧縮強度は、製造されたフレッシュモルタルを標準養生２８日後に、ＪＩＳ Ａ １１０３「コンクリートの圧縮強度試験方法」に準じて測定した。   The material shown in FIG. 1 was prepared and kneaded with a mortar mixer to produce an ultralight foam mortar, and the plaster coatability, unit volume weight and compressive strength of the produced ultralight foam mortar were measured. For plastering and plasterability, the manufactured mortar was applied to the vertical surface of the wall, and the workability (sprinkling property, adhesion property, surface property) was evaluated. The volume of the spherical or crushed polystyrene foam was 50 liters. The unit volume weight of the ultralight foam mortar was measured by JIS A 1171 “Test method for polymer cement mortar: unit volume mass test” of the manufactured mortar. The compression strength of the ultra-lightweight foamed mortar was measured in accordance with JIS A 1103 “Test method for compressive strength of concrete” after 28 days of standard curing of the manufactured fresh mortar.

図１に示す材料において、セメントには、太平洋セメント社製の早強セメントを用いた。シリカヒュームには、中国産シリカヒューム、グレード「ＳＦ−ＣＮ」を用いた。発泡剤には、日本シーカ社製の商品名「シーカメント Ｐ−１」を用いた。高性能ＡＥ減水剤には、日本シーカ社製の商品名「シーカメント ８８０」を用いた。増粘剤には、スペインＴＯＬＳＡ社製の商品名「ＰＡＮＧＥＬ ＡＤ」を用いた。発泡スチロール骨材には、積水化成品工業社製の商品名「エスレンビーズ」を用いた。   In the material shown in FIG. 1, early strong cement made by Taiheiyo Cement was used as the cement. As the silica fume, Chinese silica fume, grade “SF-CN” was used. The brand name “SEICAMENT P-1” manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd. was used as the foaming agent. As the high-performance AE water reducing agent, a trade name “SEICAMENT 880” manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd. was used. As the thickener, trade name “PANGEL AD” manufactured by Tolsa of Spain was used. The product name “Eslen beads” manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd. was used for the expanded polystyrene aggregate.

上記測定結果に基づいて、骨材の形状と粒径、すなわち、粉砕された発泡スチロールと、未粉砕の球形発泡スチロール、及びそれらの粒径が、左官鏝塗り性に与える影響を考察した。   Based on the above measurement results, the influence of the shape and particle size of the aggregate, that is, the pulverized foamed polystyrene and the unground crushed spherical foamed polystyrene, and their particle size on the plastering properties were examined.

図１を参照すると、粉砕発泡スチロールを用いた比較例１〜３は、どの粉砕発泡スチロール粒径においても、左官作業性が不良であった。未粉砕の球形発泡スチロールを用いた実施例は、ほとんど左官鏝塗り性が良好であったが、粒径４．０ｍｍの球形発泡スチロールを用いた比較例４は、大きすぎるため、不良であった。   Referring to FIG. 1, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 using pulverized foamed polystyrene had poor plastering workability at any pulverized foamed polystyrene particle size. The examples using unground spherical foamed polystyrene had good plastering properties, but the comparative example 4 using spherical foamed polystyrene having a particle size of 4.0 mm was too bad.

図２に示す材料（無機粉末を含む）を調合して、モルタルミキサーで練り混ぜて超軽量発泡モルタルを製造し、実施例１と同様に、製造された超軽量発泡モルタルの左官鏝塗り性、および単位容積重量と圧縮強度を測定した。   The materials shown in FIG. 2 (including inorganic powder) were prepared, and kneaded with a mortar mixer to produce an ultralight foam mortar. As in Example 1, the plaster coatability of the produced ultralight foam mortar, And unit volume weight and compressive strength were measured.

図２に示す材料において、セメントには、太平洋セメント社製の早強セメント又は普通セメントを用いた。高炉スラグには、住友金属工業社製の商品名「スミットメント」を用いた。石灰石微粉末には、日東粉化工業社製の商品名「タンカルＮＮ＃２００」を用いた。パーライトには、太平洋セメント社製の商品名「太平洋パーライト」を用いた。他は、図１に示す材料と同じ製品を用いた。   In the material shown in FIG. 2, a high-strength cement made by Taiheiyo Cement or ordinary cement was used as the cement. The trade name “Smitment” manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. was used for the blast furnace slag. The trade name “Tankar NN # 200” manufactured by Nitto Flour Chemical Co., Ltd. was used as the limestone fine powder. The trade name “Pacific Perlite” manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement Co., Ltd. was used for the perlite. Otherwise, the same product as the material shown in FIG. 1 was used.

上記測定結果に基づいて、球形発泡スチロール配合量と無機粉末種類の関係が、左官鏝塗り性等に与える影響を考察した。図３は、図２に示す試料において、超軽量発泡モルタルの圧縮強度と単位容積質量の関係を示すグラフである。   Based on the above measurement results, the effect of the relationship between the amount of spherical foam polystyrene and the kind of inorganic powder on plastering properties and the like was examined. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the compressive strength and unit volume mass of the ultralight foam mortar in the sample shown in FIG.

図２を参照すると、球形発泡スチロール量３０リットルの比較例５は、骨材量が少なくセメント量が多いため、粘りが強く左官鏝作業性が不良であった。また、１２０リットルの比較例６では、得られる圧縮強度が低く測定不能であったので、その圧縮強度を０とした。   Referring to FIG. 2, Comparative Example 5 having a spherical foam polystyrene amount of 30 liters had a low amount of aggregate and a large amount of cement. Moreover, in the comparative example 6 of 120 liters, since the compressive strength obtained was low and could not be measured, the compressive strength was set to zero.

比表面積４９００ｃｍ２／ｇの早強セメントだけでなく、３３００ｃｍ２／ｇの普通セメントを用いても、実施例では良好な結果が得られた。 Good results were obtained in the examples using not only high-strength cement having a specific surface area of 4900 cm 2 / g but also ordinary cement of 3300 cm 2 / g.

比較例９のように混和材（パーライト）を調合したものは、左官鏝塗り性は良好であるが、単位容積重量の割りに圧縮強度が低かった。   In the case of blending an admixture (perlite) as in Comparative Example 9, the plastering properties were good, but the compressive strength was low for the unit volume weight.

比表面積４４００ｃｍ２／ｇの高炉スラグ微粉末を調合した実施例１２は、左官鏝塗り性が良好であったが、２０００ｃｍ２／ｇの石灰石粉を用いたものは単位容積重量の割りに圧縮強度が低かった。 In Example 12, in which a blast furnace slag fine powder having a specific surface area of 4400 cm 2 / g was prepared, the plastering paintability was good, but the one using 2000 cm 2 / g limestone powder had a compressive strength for the unit volume weight. Was low.

高炉スラグ微粉末を１４ｋｇまで増量しても、少々圧縮強度が低下したが、左官鏝塗り性は良好であった。   Even when the amount of blast furnace slag fine powder was increased to 14 kg, the compressive strength was slightly reduced, but the plastering paintability was good.

本発明の超軽量発泡モルタル組成物は、左官仕上げ用、或いは成型用のモルタル原料に適用され、本発明の超軽量モルタル組成物を用いて、屋上、壁又は床の内外断熱材、他の断熱材への上塗り、サッシ周りの断熱材、タンク堤内の断熱材、工場やプラントなどの機器・配管の断熱材、蓄熱槽用の断熱材を作製することができる。   The ultralight foam mortar composition of the present invention is applied to a mortar raw material for plastering or molding, and using the ultralight mortar composition of the present invention, heat insulation materials for roofs, walls or floors, and other heat insulation materials are used. It is possible to fabricate overcoat materials, heat insulating materials around sashes, heat insulating materials in tank dikes, heat insulating materials for equipment and piping in factories and plants, and heat insulating materials for heat storage tanks.

本発明の実施例１に係る超軽量発泡モルタルの材料の調合を示す表である。It is a table | surface which shows preparation of the material of the ultra-lightweight foaming mortar which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例２に係る超軽量発泡モルタルの材料の調合を示す表である。It is a table | surface which shows preparation of the material of the ultra-lightweight foaming mortar which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. 図２に示す試料において、超軽量発泡モルタルの圧縮強度と単位容積質量の関係を示すグラフである。In the sample shown in FIG. 2, it is a graph which shows the relationship between the compressive strength and unit volume mass of an ultralight foam mortar.

Claims (5)

セメントと、骨材と、無機系粉末と、前記セメントを含むセメントペースト中に練り混ぜによって気泡を含ませる起泡剤と、前記セメントペースト中で前記セメント粒子を分散させて流動性を高める高性能ＡＥ減水剤または高性能減水剤と、前記セメントペーストの粘性を高める増粘剤と、を含み、前記無機系粉末、前記減水剤及び前記増粘剤が複合して添加され、左官作業にも使用可能な粘性を備えるモルタルペーストを形成する超軽量発泡モルタル組成物であって、
前記骨材は、球形であって平均粒径０．２〜３ｍｍ、嵩容積が前記セメント１ｋｇに対して１．６〜４リットルになる比率に調整された未粉砕の有機系発泡粒子を含み、
前記無機系粉末は、シリカヒューム粉末、フライアッシュ粉末、及び高炉スラグ粉末の内から１種又は２種以上選択され、
前記有機系発泡粒子は、モルタルにおいて前記骨材中の容積比で半分以上である、
ことを特徴とする超軽量発泡モルタル組成物。 Performance enhancing cement, and aggregate, and an inorganic powder, a foaming agent to include air bubbles by kneading in the cement paste containing the cement, fluidity disperse the cement particles in the cement paste during Contains an AE water reducing agent or high performance water reducing agent and a thickening agent that increases the viscosity of the cement paste, and the inorganic powder, the water reducing agent and the thickening agent are added in combination and used for plastering work. An ultralight foam mortar composition that forms a mortar paste with possible viscosity ,
The aggregate includes unground organic expanded particles that are spherical and have an average particle size of 0.2 to 3 mm and a bulk volume adjusted to a ratio of 1.6 to 4 liters per 1 kg of the cement,
The inorganic powder is selected from one or more of silica fume powder, fly ash powder, and blast furnace slag powder,
The organic foam particles are more than half of the volume ratio in the aggregate in the mortar,
An ultralight foam mortar composition characterized by that. セメント１００重量部に対して、前記シリカヒューム粉末は５〜２０重量部、フライアッシュ粉末は５〜４５重量部、高炉スラグ粉末は５〜５００重量部、それぞれ添加されることを特徴とする請求項１記載の超軽量発泡モルタル組成物。   The silica fume powder is added in an amount of 5 to 20 parts by weight, the fly ash powder is added in an amount of 5 to 45 parts by weight, and the blast furnace slag powder is added in an amount of 5 to 500 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. The ultralight foam mortar composition according to 1. 左官仕上げ用であることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の超軽量発泡モルタル組成物。   The ultralight foam mortar composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the composition is for plastering. 請求項１〜３のいずれか一記載の超軽量発泡モルタル組成物を混練したモルタルペーストから製造され、単位容積重量が０．２〜０．８ｇ／ｃｍ３且つ圧縮強度が１．２４Ｎ／ｍｍ２以上である、ことを特徴とする超軽量発泡モルタル。 It is manufactured from the mortar paste which knead | mixed the ultra-lightweight foaming mortar composition as described in any one of Claims 1-3, A unit volume weight is 0.2-0.8 g / cm < 3 >, and compressive strength is 1.24 N / mm < 2 >. An ultralight foam mortar characterized by the above. セメントと、骨材と、比表面積が前記セメントよりも大きい無機系粉末と、前記セメントを含むセメントペースト中に練り混ぜによって気泡を含ませる起泡剤と、前記セメントペースト中で前記セメント粒子を分散させて流動性を高める高性能ＡＥ減水剤または高性能減水剤と、前記セメントペーストの粘性を高める増粘剤と、を含み、前記無機系粉末、前記減水剤及び前記増粘剤が複合して添加され、左官作業にも使用可能な粘性を備えるモルタルペーストを形成する超軽量発泡モルタル組成物であって、
前記骨材は、球形であって平均粒径０．２〜３ｍｍ、嵩容積が前記セメント１ｋｇに対して１．６〜４リットルになる比率に調整された未粉砕の有機系発泡粒子を含み、
前記有機系発泡粒子は、モルタルにおいて前記骨材中の容積比で半分以上であり、
前記超軽量発泡モルタル組成物を混練したモルタルペーストから製造された超軽量発泡モルタルの単位容積重量が０．２〜０．８ｇ／ｃｍ３且つ圧縮強度が１．２４Ｎ／ｍｍ２以上である、
ことを特徴とする超軽量発泡モルタル組成物。 A cement, an aggregate, an inorganic powder having a specific surface area larger than that of the cement, a foaming agent containing bubbles by mixing in the cement paste containing the cement, and the cement particles dispersed in the cement paste A high-performance AE water reducing agent or high-performance water reducing agent that increases fluidity and a thickener that increases the viscosity of the cement paste, and the inorganic powder, the water reducing agent, and the thickener are combined. An ultralight foam mortar composition that forms a mortar paste with added viscosity that can be used for plastering operations ,
The aggregate includes unground organic expanded particles that are spherical and have an average particle size of 0.2 to 3 mm and a bulk volume adjusted to a ratio of 1.6 to 4 liters per 1 kg of the cement,
The organic foam particles are more than half of the volume ratio in the aggregate in the mortar,
The unit volume weight of the ultralight foam mortar produced from the mortar paste kneaded with the ultralight foam mortar composition is 0.2 to 0.8 g / cm 3 and the compressive strength is 1.24 N / mm 2 or more.
An ultralight foam mortar composition characterized by that.
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KR102387228B1 (en) 2020-12-10 2022-04-14 주식회사 쌍 곰 Dry cement mortar for walls with a good thixotropic and beautiful surface

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