JP4783607B2 - Particle capture method - Google Patents
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- JP4783607B2 JP4783607B2 JP2005258146A JP2005258146A JP4783607B2 JP 4783607 B2 JP4783607 B2 JP 4783607B2 JP 2005258146 A JP2005258146 A JP 2005258146A JP 2005258146 A JP2005258146 A JP 2005258146A JP 4783607 B2 JP4783607 B2 JP 4783607B2
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 124
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001926 trapping method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KSPIHGBHKVISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphenylcarbazide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NNC(=O)NNC1=CC=CC=C1 KSPIHGBHKVISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IOEJYZSZYUROLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound [Na+].CCN(CC)C([S-])=S IOEJYZSZYUROLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Description
本発明は、粒子捕捉方法に関する。さらに詳述すると、本発明は、大気中に飛散する測定粒子を大気ごと吸引してフィルタによって捕捉する粒子捕捉方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a particle capture how. In more detail, the present invention relates to measuring particles scattered in the air for particulate capture how to capture the filter by suction by the air.
大気中に飛散している海塩を正確に計測する装置として、例えば気中塩分計がある。気中塩分計は、粒子を含む空気を高速のジェットでフィルムなどの壁面に衝突させた場合、ジェットが一定速度を超えると、一定粒径以上の粒子が高い効率で壁面に捕捉されるという原理を利用したものである。具体的には、ジェットの径が１ｍｍ、ジェットの速度が４０ｍ／ｓを超えると、ジェット中に含まれる直径１ミクロン以上の粒子は衝突した壁面に１００％捕捉されるというものである（非特許文献１）。 As an apparatus for accurately measuring sea salt scattered in the atmosphere, for example, there is an air salinity meter. In the air salinity meter, when air containing particles collides with a wall such as a film with a high-speed jet, if the jet exceeds a certain speed, particles larger than a certain particle size will be trapped on the wall with high efficiency. Is used. Specifically, when the diameter of the jet is 1 mm and the speed of the jet exceeds 40 m / s, particles having a diameter of 1 micron or more contained in the jet are 100% trapped on the collided wall surface (non-patent document). Reference 1).
この原理を利用した海塩粒子測定器（非特許文献２）を図６に示す。ケーシング１０１内の空気をシリンジ１０４で吸引してケーシング１０１内を負圧にすることで、ケーシング１０１の先端に設けられたノズル１０２から大気を吸引する。ノズル１０２の先端は直径１ｍｍの流路に絞られており、吸引した大気を高速ジェットにしてフィルム１０３に衝突させている。この衝突によって大気中に含まれる海塩粒子がフィルム１０３に捕捉される。そして、フィルム１０３に衝突した大気はフィルム１０３の表面に沿って流れた後、フィルム１０３の脇を通り抜けてシリンジ１０４内に吸引される。 A sea salt particle measuring instrument (Non-Patent Document 2) using this principle is shown in FIG. The air in the casing 101 is sucked by the syringe 104 to make the inside of the casing 101 have a negative pressure, whereby the atmosphere is sucked from the nozzle 102 provided at the tip of the casing 101. The tip of the nozzle 102 is restricted to a flow path having a diameter of 1 mm, and the sucked atmosphere is made to collide with the film 103 by using a high-speed jet. Sea salt particles contained in the atmosphere are captured by the film 103 by this collision. The air that has collided with the film 103 flows along the surface of the film 103, passes through the side of the film 103, and is sucked into the syringe 104.
フィルム１０３は、回転可能に支持されたフィルムステージ１０５に保持されている。ハンドル１０６を操作することでフィルムステージ１０５を回転させることができ、ノズル１０２から噴射させた高速ジェットが当たる場所を変えることができる。フィルム１０３には硝酸銀の溶液が塗布されており、捕捉した海塩粒子との接触部分は反応して変色する。この反応の痕跡を手掛かりにして大気中の海塩粒子の粒径分布を測定することができる。 The film 103 is held by a film stage 105 that is rotatably supported. By operating the handle 106, the film stage 105 can be rotated, and the place where the high-speed jet sprayed from the nozzle 102 hits can be changed. The film 103 is coated with a silver nitrate solution, and the contact portion with the captured sea salt particles reacts and changes color. Using the trace of this reaction as a clue, the particle size distribution of sea salt particles in the atmosphere can be measured.
しかしながら、上述の気中塩分計は、原理的には高速ジェット中に含まれる全ての海塩粒子をフィルム１０３によって捕捉可能であるが、実際には、特に大気の湿度が低い場合等には全ての海塩粒子を捕捉できるとは限らなかった。このため、測定の信頼性に劣っていた。 However, the above-mentioned air salinity meter can in principle capture all the sea salt particles contained in the high-speed jet by the film 103, but in practice, all in particular when the atmospheric humidity is low. Of sea salt particles could not be captured. For this reason, it was inferior to the reliability of measurement.
本発明は、たとえ大気の湿度が低い場合であっても大気中の粒子を確実に捕捉することができる粒子捕捉方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention aims at providing a particle capture how that can be likened capture reliably particles in the atmosphere even when atmospheric humidity is low.
かかる目的を達成するために請求項１記載の発明は、測定粒子よりも目が細かく且つ測定粒子と反応する薬が含浸又は塗布されているフィルタを通して大気を吸引し、大気中に飛散している測定粒子をフィルタで捕捉する粒子捕捉方法において、フィルタに捕捉された測定粒子が大気中の水分によって薬と反応できる程度にまで湿るのに必要な時間を考慮して吸引継続時間を予め決定しておき、大気の吸引を吸引継続時間続けてフィルタに捕捉された測定粒子を大気中の水分で湿らせて薬と反応させて固定するものである。 In order to achieve such an object, the invention described in claim 1 sucks the atmosphere through a filter that is finer than the measurement particles and impregnated or coated with a drug that reacts with the measurement particles, and is scattered in the atmosphere. In the particle capture method for capturing measurement particles with a filter, the suction duration is determined in advance in consideration of the time required for the measurement particles captured by the filter to get wet enough to react with the drug by moisture in the atmosphere. The measurement particles trapped in the filter are continuously sucked in the atmosphere for a period of time to be moistened with moisture in the atmosphere, reacted with the drug, and fixed.
フィルタを通して大気を吸引すると、大気中に飛散している測定粒子、即ち測定対象の粒子がフィルタによって捕捉される。測定粒子はフィルタの目によって捕捉され、また捕捉後も大気の吸引が続けられているので、測定粒子はフィルタにしっかりと付着する。そして、測定粒子が湿っている場合には、フィルタに含浸又は塗布されている薬とただちに反応して固定される。また、たとえ観測する大気の湿度が低く捕捉した測定粒子が乾燥している場合であっても、大気の吸引を続けることで大気中の水分によって捕捉した測定粒子を徐々に湿らすことができ、大気中の水分を吸ってミスト状になった部分がただちにフィルタに含まれている薬と反応して固定される。このため、測定粒子はさらにしっかりとフィルタに付着する。 When the atmosphere is sucked through the filter, the measurement particles scattered in the atmosphere, that is, the particles to be measured are captured by the filter. Since the measurement particles are captured by the filter eyes and the air is continuously sucked after the capture, the measurement particles adhere firmly to the filter. When the measurement particles are wet, they immediately react with and fix the drug impregnated or applied to the filter. In addition, even if the measurement particles captured at low atmospheric humidity are dry, the measurement particles captured by moisture in the atmosphere can be gradually moistened by continuing to suck the atmosphere. The mist-like portion that absorbs moisture in the atmosphere immediately reacts with the drug contained in the filter and is fixed. For this reason, the measurement particles adhere to the filter more firmly.
また、請求項２記載の粒子捕捉方法は、測定粒子は海塩粒子であり、フィルタに含浸又は塗布されている薬は硝酸銀である。したがって、大気中に飛散している海塩粒子をフィルタで捕捉して硝酸銀と反応させて固定することができる。フィルタ上の反応部分は変色して反応の痕跡を生じさせる。 In the particle capturing method according to claim 2, the measurement particles are sea salt particles, and the drug impregnated or applied to the filter is silver nitrate. Therefore, sea salt particles scattered in the atmosphere can be captured by a filter and reacted with silver nitrate to be fixed. The reaction area on the filter changes color and produces a trace of reaction.
請求項１記載の粒子捕捉方法では、フィルタに捕捉された測定粒子が大気中の水分によって薬と反応できる程度にまで湿るのに必要な時間を考慮して吸引継続時間を予め決定しておき、大気の吸引を吸引継続時間続けてフィルタに捕捉された測定粒子を大気中の水分で湿らせて薬と反応させて固定するようにしているので、たとえ大気の湿度が低く測定粒子が乾燥している場合であっても測定粒子を湿らせて薬と反応させて固定することができ、フィルタにしっかりと付着させることができる。このため、より確実に測定粒子を捕捉することができ、捕捉の信頼性を向上させることができる。 In the particle trapping method according to claim 1, the suction duration time is determined in advance in consideration of the time required for the measurement particles trapped in the filter to get wet to the extent that they can react with the drug by moisture in the atmosphere. Since the measurement particles trapped in the filter continue to be sucked in the atmosphere for a period of time and are moistened with moisture in the atmosphere to react with the drug and fixed, the measurement particles are dried even if the humidity in the atmosphere is low. Even if it is, the measurement particles can be moistened and reacted with the drug to be fixed, and can be firmly attached to the filter. For this reason, the measurement particles can be captured more reliably, and the capture reliability can be improved.
また、請求項２記載の粒子捕捉方法では、測定粒子は海塩粒子であり、フィルタに含浸又は塗布されている薬は硝酸銀であるので、大気中に飛散している海塩粒子をフィルタで捕捉して硝酸銀と反応させて固定することができる。また、フィルタ上の反応部分が変色して反応の痕跡となるので、この反応の痕跡に基づいて海塩粒子の粒径やその分布を求めることが可能になる。 Further, in the particle capturing method according to claim 2, since the measurement particles are sea salt particles, and the drug impregnated or applied to the filter is silver nitrate, the sea salt particles scattered in the atmosphere are captured by the filter. Then, it can be fixed by reacting with silver nitrate. Moreover, since the reaction part on a filter discolors and becomes a trace of reaction, based on this trace of reaction, it becomes possible to obtain | require the particle size and distribution of sea salt particle | grains.
以下、本発明の構成を図面に示す最良の形態に基づいて詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail based on the best mode shown in the drawings.
図１に本発明の粒子捕捉方法の実施形態の一例を、図２及び図３に本発明の粒子捕捉装置の実施形態の一例をそれぞれ示す。粒子捕捉装置は、測定粒子１１よりも目が細かく且つ測定粒子１１と反応する薬が含浸又は塗布されているフィルタ１２と、フィルタ１２を通して大気を吸引する吸引装置１３とを備え、吸引装置１３はフィルタ１２が測定粒子１１を捕捉した後も大気の吸引を続け、フィルタ１２に捕捉された測定粒子１１を大気中の水分で湿らせて前記薬と反応させて固定するものである。 FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the particle capturing method of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show an example of an embodiment of the particle capturing apparatus of the present invention. The particle trapping device includes a filter 12 that is finer than the measurement particle 11 and impregnated or coated with a drug that reacts with the measurement particle 11, and a suction device 13 that sucks air through the filter 12. Even after the filter 12 captures the measurement particles 11, the suction of the atmosphere is continued, and the measurement particles 11 captured by the filter 12 are moistened with moisture in the atmosphere, reacted with the drug, and fixed.
フィルタ１２は例えばセルロースフィルタであり、ホルダ１４内に設置されている。フィルタ１２は測定粒子１１よりも細かい目を有している。例えば、測定粒子１１が粒径：数μｍ〜数十μｍの海塩である場合には、例えば口径：０．４５μｍの目を有するセルロースフィルタを使用する。フィルタ１２には測定粒子１１に反応する薬が含浸されている。例えば、測定粒子１１が海塩である場合には、硝酸銀が含浸されている。 The filter 12 is a cellulose filter, for example, and is installed in the holder 14. The filter 12 has finer eyes than the measurement particle 11. For example, when the measurement particle 11 is a sea salt having a particle size of several μm to several tens of μm, for example, a cellulose filter having an eye with an aperture of 0.45 μm is used. The filter 12 is impregnated with a medicine that reacts with the measurement particles 11. For example, when the measurement particle 11 is sea salt, it is impregnated with silver nitrate.
ホルダ１４の断面を図３に示す。ホルダ１４は、例えば先端１４ａが開口し、後端１４ｂが閉塞している円筒体であり、例えば脚１５によって地面から所定の高さの位置に支持されている。ホルダ１４内にはメッシュ状のフィルタ支持体１６が設けられており、フィルタ支持体１６の前面にフィルタ１２を設置する。 A cross section of the holder 14 is shown in FIG. The holder 14 is a cylindrical body whose front end 14a is open and whose rear end 14b is closed, for example, and is supported by the leg 15 at a predetermined height from the ground. A mesh-like filter support 16 is provided in the holder 14, and the filter 12 is installed on the front surface of the filter support 16.
吸引装置１３は、例えば単位時間当たりの吸引流量が調節可能な排気ポンプであり、チューブ１８によってホルダ１４の後端１４ｂに接続されている。吸引装置１３はバッテリ１７から電力の供給を受けて作動する。吸引装置１３には、例えば瞬間的な流量と積算流量とを計測できる流量計量機としての気体用マスフローメータが設けられている。 The suction device 13 is an exhaust pump capable of adjusting a suction flow rate per unit time, for example, and is connected to the rear end 14 b of the holder 14 by a tube 18. The suction device 13 operates by receiving power from the battery 17. The suction device 13 is provided with a gas mass flow meter as a flow meter capable of measuring an instantaneous flow rate and an integrated flow rate, for example.
次に、粒子捕捉方法について説明する。粒子捕捉方法は、例えば上述の粒子捕捉装置によって実施されるものである。粒子捕捉方法は、測定粒子１１よりも目が細かく且つ測定粒子と反応する薬が含浸又は塗布されているフィルタ１２を通して大気を吸引し、大気中に飛散している測定粒子１１をフィルタ１２で捕捉するものであり、フィルタ１２に捕捉された測定粒子１１が大気中の水分によって薬と反応できる程度にまで湿るのに必要な時間を考慮して吸引継続時間を予め決定しておき、大気の吸引を吸引継続時間続けてフィルタ１２に捕捉された測定粒子１１を大気中の水分で湿らせて薬と反応させて固定するものである。 Next, a particle capturing method will be described. The particle trapping method is performed, for example, by the above-described particle trapping apparatus. In the particle trapping method, the atmosphere is sucked through a filter 12 that is finer than the measurement particle 11 and impregnated or coated with a drug that reacts with the measurement particle, and the measurement particle 11 scattered in the atmosphere is captured by the filter 12. In consideration of the time required for the measurement particles 11 captured by the filter 12 to get wet to the extent that they can react with the drug by moisture in the atmosphere, the suction duration time is determined in advance , The suction is continued for the duration of the suction, and the measurement particles 11 captured by the filter 12 are moistened with moisture in the atmosphere, reacted with the drug, and fixed.
吸引装置１３が吸引を開始するとホルダ１４の先端の開口から大気が吸い込まれる（ステップＳ１）。ホルダ１４内に吸い込まれた大気はフィルタ１２を通過し、チューブ１８を通って吸引装置１３に吸い込まれ、そして外に排出される。大気がフィルタ１２を通過する際、大気中の測定粒子１１がフィルタ１２によって捕捉される（ステップＳ２）。 When the suction device 13 starts suction, the atmosphere is sucked from the opening at the tip of the holder 14 (step S1). The atmosphere sucked into the holder 14 passes through the filter 12, is sucked into the suction device 13 through the tube 18, and is discharged outside. When the atmosphere passes through the filter 12, the measurement particles 11 in the atmosphere are captured by the filter 12 (step S2).
フィルタ１２には測定粒子１１と反応する薬が含浸又は塗布されているので、フィルタ１２の測定粒子１１との接触部分が変色し反応の痕跡が生じる（ステップＳ３）。図４に反応の痕跡が生じたフィルタ１２の顕微鏡写真を示す。図４中、黒丸部分が反応の痕跡である。測定粒子１１はフィルタ１２の目によって捕捉され、また捕捉後も吸引装置１３は大気の吸引を続けているので、測定粒子１１はフィルタ１２にしっかりと付着する。そして、測定粒子１１が十分湿っている場合には、測定粒子１１は薬とただちに反応してしっかりと固定される。また、たとえ大気の湿度が低く捕捉した測定粒子１１が乾燥している場合であっても、吸引装置１３が大気の吸引を続けることで大気中の水分によって測定粒子１１及びフィルタ１２を徐々に湿らせることができる。このため、たとえ大気の湿度が低く捕捉した測定粒子１１が乾燥している場合であっても、測定粒子１１を湿らせてミスト状になった部分をただちに薬と反応さこせてフィルタ１２に固定することができる。 Since the filter 12 is impregnated or coated with a drug that reacts with the measurement particles 11, the contact portion of the filter 12 with the measurement particles 11 is discolored and a trace of reaction is generated (step S3). FIG. 4 shows a photomicrograph of the filter 12 in which a trace of reaction has occurred. In FIG. 4, black circles are traces of the reaction. The measurement particles 11 are captured by the eyes of the filter 12, and the suction device 13 continues to suck air after the capture, so that the measurement particles 11 adhere firmly to the filter 12. When the measurement particle 11 is sufficiently wet, the measurement particle 11 reacts immediately with the drug and is firmly fixed. Further, even when the measurement particles 11 captured at a low atmospheric humidity are dry, the suction device 13 gradually sucks the measurement particles 11 and the filter 12 by moisture in the atmosphere by continuing the suction of the atmosphere. Can be made. For this reason, even if the trapped measurement particle 11 is low in the atmospheric humidity, the measurement particle 11 is moistened to immediately react with the drug and fixed to the filter 12. can do.
吸引装置１３は予め決められた時間が経過するまで大気を吸引し続ける（ステップＳ４→ステップＳ１）。例えば０．５〜１時間大気の吸引が継続される。吸引を継続する時間は、例えば大気の湿度、測定粒子の大気中濃度等を考慮して決定される。つまり、フィルタ１２に捕捉された測定粒子１１がフィルタ１２の薬と反応できる程度にまで湿るのに必要な時間（大気の湿度を考慮した時間）や、フィルタ１２上に生じた反応の痕跡が隣同士で著しく重ならない程度の時間（測定粒子１１の大気中濃度を考慮した時間）等を考慮して、吸引を継続する時間を決定する。ただし、通常は後者の時間の方が前者の時間よりも長く、後者の時間条件を満たせば前者の時間条件も満たすことになるので、後者の時間を主に考慮して吸引継続時間を決定する。 The suction device 13 continues to suck air until a predetermined time elapses (step S4 → step S1). For example, atmospheric suction is continued for 0.5 to 1 hour. The time for continuing the suction is determined in consideration of, for example, the atmospheric humidity, the concentration of the measurement particles in the atmosphere, and the like. That is, there is a time required for the measurement particles 11 captured by the filter 12 to be wet enough to react with the medicine of the filter 12 (a time considering the humidity of the atmosphere) and a trace of the reaction that has occurred on the filter 12. The time for which the suction is continued is determined in consideration of a time that does not significantly overlap adjacent neighbors (a time that considers the concentration of the measurement particles 11 in the air). However, the latter time is usually longer than the former time, and if the latter time condition is satisfied, the former time condition is also satisfied. Therefore, the suction duration time is determined mainly considering the latter time. .
所定時間の経過後、吸引装置１３を停止させてホルダ１４からフィルタ１２を取り出す（ステップＳ５）。また、必要に応じて、取り出したフィルタ１２に大気の積算流量値を記入する。これにより、測定粒子１１の捕捉の作業が終了する。 After elapse of a predetermined time, the suction device 13 is stopped and the filter 12 is taken out from the holder 14 (step S5). Further, if necessary, the atmospheric integrated flow rate value is entered in the extracted filter 12. Thereby, the operation of capturing the measurement particles 11 is completed.
なお、ホルダ１４から取り出したフィルタ１２は湿っていることから、捕捉した測定粒子１１はフィルタ１２上で液状になって薬と反応すると考えられる。 In addition, since the filter 12 taken out from the holder 14 is wet, it is considered that the captured measurement particles 11 become liquid on the filter 12 and react with the medicine.
このように、本発明では、たとえ大気の湿度が低く測定粒子１１が乾燥している場合であっても測定粒子１１を湿らせてフィルタ１２にしっかりと付着させることができる。このため、より確実に測定粒子１１を捕捉することができ、捕捉の信頼性を向上させることができる。図６の気中塩分計では、大気の湿度が例えば６０％よりも低くなるとフィルム１０３によって捕捉されない海塩が発生し始めるが、本発明では、大気の湿度が例えば６０％よりも低くなった場合にも、海塩をフィルタ１２によって良好に捕捉することができる。 Thus, in the present invention, the measurement particles 11 can be moistened and firmly attached to the filter 12 even when the measurement particles 11 are dry even when the humidity in the atmosphere is low. For this reason, the measurement particles 11 can be captured more reliably, and the capture reliability can be improved. In the air salinity meter of FIG. 6, when the atmospheric humidity becomes lower than 60%, for example, sea salt that is not captured by the film 103 starts to be generated. However, in the present invention, when the atmospheric humidity becomes lower than 60%, for example. In addition, sea salt can be well captured by the filter 12.
なお、本発明によって大気中の測定粒子１１を捕捉したフィルタ１２を使用して、例えば大気中に飛散している測定粒子１１の粒径分布を正確に測定することができる。即ち、フィルタ１２の測定粒子１１が接触している部分は薬との反応によって変色しており、反応の痕跡が生じているので、この痕跡の直径を測定し、その測定結果に基づいて測定粒子１１の実際の粒径を求めることができる。大気中には多数の測定粒子１１が飛散しており、フィルタ１２には多数の反応の痕跡が生じているが、各反応の痕跡を測定することで、大気中に飛散している測定粒子１１の粒径分布を求めることができる。 Note that the filter 12 that captures the measurement particles 11 in the atmosphere according to the present invention can be used to accurately measure the particle size distribution of the measurement particles 11 scattered in the atmosphere, for example. That is, the portion of the filter 12 that is in contact with the measurement particle 11 is discolored due to the reaction with the drug, and a trace of the reaction is generated. Therefore, the diameter of this trace is measured, and the measurement particle is measured based on the measurement result. 11 actual particle sizes can be determined. A large number of measurement particles 11 are scattered in the atmosphere, and a large number of reaction traces are generated in the filter 12. However, measurement particles 11 scattered in the atmosphere are measured by measuring the traces of each reaction. The particle size distribution can be obtained.
フィルタ１２上の痕跡に基づいて測定粒子１１の実際の粒径を求める手段は、公知の手段によるのでここでは詳しい説明は省略するが、フィルタ１２上の痕跡の直径を測定する公知手段としては、例えばコンピュータを使用した画像測定技術を利用することができる。画像計測を行うソフトウェアとしては、例えばシオンイメージ（Scion Corporation社製）の使用が可能である。ホルダ１４から取り出したフィルタ１２に紫外線を当てて反応の痕跡を固定した後、画像計測を行う。測定粒子１１が海塩であり、フィルタ１２に塗布されている薬が硝酸銀の場合には、反応によって塩化銀が生じるので、これを紫外線によって感光させた後、画像計測を行う。画像計測では、例えば図４に示すフィルタ１２の顕微鏡写真を画像解析して図５に示すように各反応の痕跡の位置や直径を特定する。また、画像計測による測定データに基づいて測定粒子１１の実際の粒径を求める公知手段としては、例えばフィルタ１２上の痕跡径と実際の粒径との関係を示す検定曲線を利用して算出する手段がある。検定曲線は、例えば予備実験を行って求めることができる。即ち、実際の観測を模擬して噴霧を行い、フィルタ１２上に生じた反応痕跡の直径の分布と噴霧粒子の直径の分布とを対比して検定曲線を求めることができる。 The means for obtaining the actual particle size of the measurement particle 11 based on the trace on the filter 12 is a known means, and therefore detailed explanation is omitted here. However, as a known means for measuring the diameter of the trace on the filter 12, For example, an image measurement technique using a computer can be used. As software for performing image measurement, for example, Sion Image (manufactured by Scion Corporation) can be used. After the reaction trace is fixed by applying ultraviolet rays to the filter 12 taken out from the holder 14, image measurement is performed. When the measurement particle 11 is sea salt and the medicine applied to the filter 12 is silver nitrate, silver chloride is generated by the reaction, and after this is exposed to ultraviolet light, image measurement is performed. In the image measurement, for example, a micrograph of the filter 12 shown in FIG. 4 is image-analyzed, and the position and diameter of each reaction trace are specified as shown in FIG. Further, as a known means for obtaining the actual particle diameter of the measurement particle 11 based on the measurement data obtained by image measurement, for example, calculation is performed using a calibration curve indicating the relationship between the trace diameter on the filter 12 and the actual particle diameter. There is a means. The test curve can be obtained by conducting a preliminary experiment, for example. That is, spraying is performed by simulating actual observation, and the calibration curve can be obtained by comparing the distribution of the diameter of the reaction trace generated on the filter 12 with the distribution of the diameter of the spray particles.
なお、上述の形態は本発明の好適な形態の一例ではあるがこれに限定されるものではなく本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々変形実施可能である。 The above-described embodiment is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
例えば、上述の説明ではフィルタ１２に薬を含浸させていたが、薬を塗布しても良い。 For example, in the above description, the filter 12 is impregnated with a medicine, but a medicine may be applied.
また、海塩を測定粒子１１としていたが、海塩以外の粒子を測定粒子１１としても良い。即ち、海塩以外の粒子を測定の対象にしても良い。例えば、大気中に飛散しているクロム、鉄等の粒子を測定の対象にしても良い。なお、クロムの粒子を測定の対象にする場合には、フィルタ１２に含浸又は塗布させておく薬として、例えばジフェニルカルバジドを使用することができる。また、鉄の粒子を測定の対象にする場合には、フィルタ１２に含浸又は塗布させておく薬として、例えばN,N-ジエチルジチオカルバミド酸ナトリウムを使用することができる。 In addition, although sea salt is used as the measurement particle 11, particles other than sea salt may be used as the measurement particle 11. That is, particles other than sea salt may be measured. For example, particles such as chromium and iron scattered in the atmosphere may be measured. When chromium particles are to be measured, for example, diphenylcarbazide can be used as a drug to be impregnated or applied to the filter 12. When iron particles are to be measured, for example, sodium N, N-diethyldithiocarbamate can be used as a drug to be impregnated or applied to the filter 12.
大気中に飛散している海塩を測定の対象にする場合のフィルタ１２を、例えば以下のようにして作成した。 For example, the filter 12 in the case where sea salt scattered in the atmosphere is the object of measurement was prepared as follows.
フィルタ１２のベースフィルムとして、例えば口径：０．４５μｍ、フィルター直径：４７ｍｍのセルロースフィルタを使用した。このベースフィルムを、蒸留水ベース硝酸銀１５％溶液に染料（例えば青）を混ぜたものに約１５分間浸した後、溶液が均一に染み込んでいることを確認して乾燥させた。染料によってベースフィルムが均一に着色されていれば、溶液が均一に染み込んでいると判断した。溶液の染み込みが不均一の場合には、さらに数分間溶液に浸して上述の操作を行うようにした。 As the base film of the filter 12, for example, a cellulose filter having a caliber of 0.45 μm and a filter diameter of 47 mm was used. The base film was dipped in a 15% solution of distilled water base silver nitrate mixed with a dye (for example, blue) for about 15 minutes, and then dried after confirming that the solution was uniformly infiltrated. If the base film was uniformly colored with the dye, it was judged that the solution was soaked uniformly. If the solution soak was not uniform, it was immersed in the solution for several more minutes to perform the above operation.
１１ 測定粒子
１２ フィルタ
１３ 吸引装置
11 Measuring Particle 12 Filter 13 Suction Device
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