JP4769396B2

JP4769396B2 - Continuous mixing equipment for CSG materials

Info

Publication number: JP4769396B2
Application number: JP2001302612A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 武彦吉本; 一政平櫛; 輝己藤木
Original assignee: Kitagawa Iron Works Co Ltd
Current assignee: Kitagawa Iron Works Co Ltd
Priority date: 2001-09-28
Filing date: 2001-09-28
Publication date: 2011-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 2021-09-28
Also published as: JP2003103511A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、現地発生材とセメントなどの材料を混合し、ＣＳＧ材料を連続的に得る連続混合装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ダム建設現場において、河川の砂礫や砕石廃棄材などの現地発生材に少量のセメントを混合したＣＳＧ材料が盛土用材料として堤高の低いダム（砂防ダムや河川堤防など）に数多く用いられている。ＣＳＧ材料はコンクリートのように投入される各々の材料の量や混合比などの厳格な品質管理が必要でないため、計量した材料を1回分ずつ混合して定量の材料を品質を保ちながら混合するバッチ混合ではなく、材料を次々に連続して混合装置へ投入して連続混合し混合物を途切れることなく排出する連続混合が行なわれている。
【０００３】
従来用いられている連続混合装置は、固定された混合槽に攪拌羽根を備えた回転軸が混合槽に貫通して設けられており、回転軸を回転させて攪拌羽根によって強制的に材料がせん断・圧縮混合されるものである。また、特開２００１−１３３４号で示されるような、円筒型の回転自在な混合ドラムに材料送り手段としてスパイラル羽根、混合手段として攪拌羽根を複数段に設けて、混合ドラムを回転させることによりスパイラル羽根で材料の送りを促し、攪拌羽根で材料が混合ドラム内で掬われて攪拌されながら押し出されて排出側に送られて排出されるものもある。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記混合装置の混合の度合いは材料が投入口から排出口へ移動する間の攪拌羽根での混合回数に依存される。前記の特開２００１−１３３４号で示される従来例では攪拌羽根は５段備えられ、混合ドラム全長は６ｍとなる。必要な混合の度合いを得るためには攪拌羽根を数多く何段も備える必要があり、混合ドラム全長が長くなり混合装置全体が大型化してしまう問題がある。
したがって、本発明は混合ドラム全長が短くても十分な混合の度合いを得られるコンパクトな混合装置を提供することを目的とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するため、本発明は、現地発生材とセメントなどの材料を連続的に混合する連続混合装置において、一端を材料の投入口に他端を排出口としてその内周面に羽根を備え回転自在となされる混合ドラムと、該混合ドラムに備えられて前記材料を連続的に排出口方向へ送りながら混合する送り羽根と、該送り羽根によって送られる材料を送り方向に対し反対方向へ向けて逆送させながら混合する戻し羽根と、該戻し羽根で混合された材料の一部を排出口へ送りながらその一部を逆送させて混合する排出羽根を備え、前記混合ドラムを回転させ各々の羽根で材料を移動させることによって材料同士で混合作用を行なう自己混合構造になされていることを特徴とする連続混合装置である。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一実施例を図を用いて説明する。図１は本発明の実施例の全体側面図を示す。図１において、略たまご形状で一端を材料の投入口１として投入シュート２を備え、他端に排出口３を備えて回転自在になされた全長３．５ｍ程の混合ドラム４が架台５上に回転動力源とともに据え付けられており、該混合ドラム４は排出口３側の径が同心上で徐々にすぼめられた形状になされている。混合ドラム４の内部には投入口１側、中央部、排出口３側にそれぞれ混合ドラム4の円周方向の等間隔に１２０°ずつ離れて３枚の羽根が取り付けられており、混合ドラム４を回転させて投入された材料を混合する自己混合構造になされている。これら羽根の枚数は混合材料の種類、質、要求される混合の度合いに応じて増やしても良い。
【０００７】
図2に混合ドラム４の断面図、図６に混合ドラム４の展開図を示し、各々の羽根を説明する。投入口１側に備えられた送り羽根６は、混合ドラム４の回転軸から時計回り方向にα＝４０°の角度で混合ドラム４に取り付けられており、投入口１から投入される材料をすくい上げて混合ドラム４の排出口３の方向に送り込みながら混合する。
【０００８】
混合ドラム４の中央部に備えられた戻し羽根７は混合ドラム４の回転軸から反時計回りにβ＝３０°の角度に取り付けられており、送り羽根６から送られた材料が排出口３の方向へ流れるのに逆らって、材料を送り羽根６での流れとは逆方向の投入口１側へ戻しながら混合する。
各々の羽根の取り付け角度は、α＞βの関係にあり、送り羽根６で送り込まれる材料をより大きな戻し作用によって投入口１での材料の飲み込みを阻害することの無いようにするために、送り羽根６の取り付け角度αを戻し羽根7の取り付け角度βより大きくして投入された材料が投入口１から出ないようにする必要がある。
【０００９】
排出口３側に備えられた排出羽根８は混合ドラム４の回転軸と平行に混合ドラム４に取り付けられており、材料を混合しながら連続で投入される材料によって押し出される材料をスムーズに排出口３に導くようになされている。
排出羽根８は混合ドラム４の回転軸と水平に取り付けられており、材料を送る作用が排出側と投入側とに五分五分に働き、排出を促すと共に混合ドラム４の中央部へ材料を戻しながら材料を持ち上げて落とす混合を行なう。そこで、排出量の確保のために排出羽根８の枚数を他の送り羽根６や戻し羽根７の２倍の枚数（実施例では６０°間隔の６枚）とすれば排出羽根８での排出作用が半減することなく、投入量や送り量に見合った排出量を得ることができる。
【００１０】
前記の羽根（送り羽根６、戻し羽根７、排出羽根８）は図３で示すように混合ドラム４の接線方向に対して直角の９０°の角度で混合ドラム４に取り付けられている。そのため混合ドラム４の回転により材料を押し上げる際に、取り付け角度が鋭角の場合に比べて材料を押し上げる力が材料に伝わりやすく、より大きな面積で材料を押し上げ混合ドラム４内のより高い位置（図５中のＨ高さ）から材料を落とすことによって大きな力を加えることで混合される度合いも大きくなり、１回の押し上げでより効果的な混合作用が得られる。
【００１１】
混合ドラム４は排出口３側に径を徐々に小さくして、すぼめられた形状になされており、混合ドラム４の下部に水平状態でも材料が排出されずに留まるスペース（以後これを滞留域１０という）を設けている。また、混合ドラム４は設置状態で投入口１側を上に、排出口３側を下に水平から下方に向けてＢ＝５°〜１０°の間に傾斜されて連続混合での材料の移動を行ない易くしており、混合ドラム４と架台５に備えられた油圧シリンダやエアシリンダを駆動源とする傾胴手段９により混合ドラム４の傾斜角度は変更可能となされている。連続混合で最後の排出では押し出すために投入される材料がなくなるので混合ドラム４の傾斜角度を大きくして排出を促す必要がある。
【００１２】
次に、連続混合の作用を説明する。
混合ドラム４に投入された材料はまず送り羽根６により持ち上げられながら、送り羽根６がα＝４０°に傾斜していることにより混合ドラム4の中央部の戻し羽根７側へ材料が送られる。この時混合ドラム４の断面で見ると材料が持ち上げられているため混合ドラム４の底部の材料が少なくなって次に投入される材料の入る空間を創ることになる。
これにより、投入された材料が溢れることなくスムーズに混合ドラム４内に送り込まれる。また、持ち上げられた最初の材料の下へ次に投入される材料が入り込み混合の予備状態が作られる。
【００１３】
戻し羽根７の回転によって持ち上げられた材料の下へ送り羽根６で送られた材料が入り込み、その上に持ち上げられた材料が落下して重なり、重なった材料が一緒に持ち上げられて落下することにより材料の混合が行なわれる。
送り羽根６から送られた材料は排出口３側へ移動しようとするが、戻し羽根７の取り付け角度（β＝３０°）により投入口１方向へ戻される。このとき戻された材料は送り羽根６により連続的に送られてくる材料とぶつかることによって圧縮されて混ざり合い、再び戻し羽根７によって混合されるのである。
この圧縮混合作用により、従来の連続混合では得られない材料同士の動きによる混ざり合いが行なわれ、よりすぐれた混合性能を得ることが可能となる。（図４参照）
【００１４】
戻し羽根７で混合された材料は連続的に送られる材料に押し出されて排出羽根８に送られる。排出羽根８も戻し羽根７と同様に材料を持ち上げて落とすことを繰り返して混合を行なう。また排出羽根８は混合ドラム４の回転軸に平行に取り付けられているので、混合ドラム４の傾斜角度に応じて排出口３側へ材料を送り滞留域１０に留まった材料が溜まりすぎて詰まることの無いように適正に材料を排出する。
【００１５】
混合ドラム４の形状が排出口３側の径を徐々に小さくしてしぼった形状であるため混合ドラム４の下部に材料の滞留域１０が備わり、材料の滞留時間を長くすることにより前記の混合作用を繰り返し複数回行ない材料の対流による混合作用を受けることができる。さらに、材料の戻し作用による混合においても、材料が滞留しているので戻し作用を受ける材料の量が多くなり、より大きな圧縮による混合作用が得られる。
傾胴手段９により混合ドラム４の傾斜角度が変更できるので、材料の滞留域１０の容積が調整可能となり、混合作用がより必要な場合には混合ドラム４の傾斜角度を小さくして材料の滞留域１０を増して混合機能を向上させることが可能となる。
【００１６】
したがって、本実施例の連続混合では、従来のバッチ式の混合装置のような擾拝羽根を用いて強制的に材料をせん断・圧縮させて混合するものとは異なり、混合ドラム４を回転させて混合ドラム４内の材料の移動を促し、材料が移動することによって材料同士が混合作用を起こして混合を行なう。その混合作用は自己混合構造によって、混合ドラム４が回転し混合ドラム４に備えられた各々の羽根によって材料が持ち上げられて下の材料に落下することにより材料を対流・拡散させて混合する重力落下混合と、送り羽根６と戻し羽根７の取り付け角度を逆向きとすることで材料の送り方向をそれぞれ変えて送られる材料同士をぶつけ合わせて混合する圧縮混合の二通りの混合が行なわれる。
【００１７】
さらに、混合ドラム４に材料の滞留域１０を設けることによって材料の混合ドラム４内での滞留時間が長くなり、前記の混合作用で移動される材料の量が多くなって混合の度合いがさらに高まってくる。
【００１８】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、請求項１によれば、混合ドラム４内の材料が逆送させられて混合材料それ自体により混合され、効率の良い混合がなされる。そのため、混合のための羽根が複数段も必要なくなり、混合ドラム４の全長を短くできてコンパクトな混合装置が得られる。
請求項２によれば、混合ドラム４内における材料の滞留時間が延長されることから品質の優れた混合物が得られる。
請求項３によれば、混合ドラム４の傾斜角度を変更して混合性能を調整できる連続混合装置の提供が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例の全体側面図
【図２】本発明の混合ドラムの断面図
【図３】図２のＡ−Ａ断面図
【図４】本発明の混合ドラム内の材料の流れを示す図
【図５】図２のＡ−Ａ断面での材料の混合状態図
【図６】本発明の混合ドラムの展開図
【符号の説明】
４．混合ドラム
６．送り羽根
７．戻り羽根
８．排出羽根
９．傾胴手段
１０．滞留域[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a continuous mixing apparatus for continuously obtaining a CSG material by mixing a locally generated material and a material such as cement.
[0002]
[Prior art]
At dam construction sites, many CSG materials, which are a mixture of locally generated materials such as river gravel and crushed stone waste, and a small amount of cement, are used as embankment materials for dams with low levee height (such as sabo dams and river levee). . Since CSG materials do not require strict quality control such as the amount and mixing ratio of each material input like concrete, a batch that mixes measured materials one by one and mixes quantitative materials while maintaining quality Instead of mixing, continuous mixing is performed in which the materials are continuously fed into the mixing apparatus one after another, and are continuously mixed and discharged without interruption.
[0003]
In a conventional continuous mixing apparatus, a rotating shaft provided with a stirring blade in a fixed mixing tank is provided through the mixing tank, and the material is forcibly sheared by the stirring blade by rotating the rotating shaft.・ It is to be compressed and mixed. Further, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-1334, a spiral rotatable mixing drum provided with spiral blades as material feeding means and agitating blades as mixing means in a plurality of stages, and spiraling by rotating the mixing drum. There is also a type in which a material is urged by a blade to feed the material, and a material is squeezed in a mixing drum by a stirring blade, pushed out while being stirred, sent to a discharge side, and discharged.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The degree of mixing in the mixing device depends on the number of times of mixing with the stirring blades while the material moves from the inlet to the outlet. In the conventional example shown in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-1334, five stages of stirring blades are provided, and the total length of the mixing drum is 6 m. In order to obtain the necessary degree of mixing, it is necessary to provide a number of stages of stirring blades, and there is a problem that the entire length of the mixing drum becomes long and the entire mixing apparatus becomes large.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a compact mixing apparatus that can obtain a sufficient degree of mixing even if the total length of the mixing drum is short.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a continuous mixing apparatus for continuously mixing a locally generated material and a material such as cement, in which one end is a material inlet and the other end is a discharge port. A mixing drum made rotatable, a feed blade provided on the mixing drum for mixing while continuously feeding the material in the direction of the discharge port, and a material sent by the feed blade in a direction opposite to the feed direction A return vane that mixes while being fed back toward the head, and a discharge vane that feeds a part of the material mixed by the return vane to the discharge port and mixes it by feeding it back, and rotates the mixing drum The continuous mixing apparatus is characterized by having a self-mixing structure in which materials are mixed with each other by moving the materials with each blade.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an overall side view of an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a mixing drum 4 having a total length of about 3.5 m is provided on a pedestal 5 having a substantially egg shape and having a charging chute 2 with one end as a material charging port 1 and a discharge port 3 at the other end. The mixing drum 4 is installed together with a rotational power source, and has a shape in which the diameter on the discharge port 3 side is gradually reduced concentrically. Three blades are attached to the inside of the mixing drum 4 at 120 ° intervals at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the mixing drum 4 on the inlet 1 side, the center, and the outlet 3 side. Is a self-mixing structure that mixes the charged materials by rotating the. The number of blades may be increased according to the type and quality of the mixed material and the required degree of mixing.
[0007]
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the mixing drum 4, and FIG. 6 is a development view of the mixing drum 4. Each blade will be described. The feed blade 6 provided on the charging port 1 side is attached to the mixing drum 4 at an angle of α = 40 ° in the clockwise direction from the rotation axis of the mixing drum 4, and scoops up the material charged from the charging port 1. Then, mixing is performed while feeding in the direction of the discharge port 3 of the mixing drum 4.
[0008]
The return blade 7 provided in the central portion of the mixing drum 4 is attached at an angle of β = 30 ° counterclockwise from the rotation axis of the mixing drum 4, and the material sent from the feed blade 6 is at the outlet 3. Contrary to flowing in the direction, the material is mixed while returning to the inlet 1 side in the direction opposite to the flow in the feed blade 6.
The attachment angles of the blades are in a relationship of α> β, and in order to prevent the material fed by the feed blade 6 from hindering the material from being swallowed by the inlet 1 due to a larger return action. It is necessary to make the attachment angle α of the blade 6 larger than the attachment angle β of the return blade 7 so that the charged material does not exit from the insertion port 1.
[0009]
The discharge blade 8 provided on the discharge port 3 side is attached to the mixing drum 4 in parallel with the rotation axis of the mixing drum 4, and smoothly discharges the material pushed out by the materials continuously fed while mixing the materials. It is made to lead to 3.
The discharge vane 8 is mounted horizontally with the rotating shaft of the mixing drum 4, and the action of feeding the material acts on the discharge side and the input side in half and promotes the discharge and feeds the material to the center of the mixing drum 4. While mixing, the material is lifted and dropped. Therefore, if the number of the discharge blades 8 is twice as many as that of the other feed blades 6 and the return blades 7 in order to secure the discharge amount (in the embodiment, 6 sheets at intervals of 60 °), the discharge operation at the discharge blades 8 is performed. Therefore, the discharge amount commensurate with the input amount and the feed amount can be obtained.
[0010]
The blades (feed blade 6, return blade 7, discharge blade 8) are attached to the mixing drum 4 at an angle of 90 ° perpendicular to the tangential direction of the mixing drum 4 as shown in FIG. 3. Therefore, when the material is pushed up by the rotation of the mixing drum 4, the force for pushing up the material is more easily transmitted to the material than in the case where the mounting angle is an acute angle, and the material is pushed up by a larger area in a higher position in the mixing drum 4 (FIG. 5). The degree of mixing is increased by applying a large force by dropping the material from the (H height in the middle), and a more effective mixing action can be obtained by one push-up.
[0011]
The mixing drum 4 has a constricted shape with a gradually decreasing diameter toward the discharge port 3, and a space in which the material remains without being discharged even in a horizontal state below the mixing drum 4 (hereinafter, this is referred to as a retention area 10. Called). In addition, the mixing drum 4 is inclined between B = 5 ° to 10 ° with the inlet 1 side up and the outlet 3 side down from the horizontal to the lower side in the installed state, and the material is transferred during continuous mixing. The inclination angle of the mixing drum 4 can be changed by the tilting drum means 9 using a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder provided in the mixing drum 4 and the gantry 5 as a driving source. In the last discharge in continuous mixing, there is no material to be pushed out to push out, so it is necessary to increase the inclination angle of the mixing drum 4 to promote discharge.
[0012]
Next, the operation of continuous mixing will be described.
The material charged in the mixing drum 4 is first lifted by the feed blade 6, and the material is sent to the return blade 7 side in the center of the mixing drum 4 because the feed blade 6 is inclined at α = 40 °. At this time, when the cross section of the mixing drum 4 is viewed, the material is lifted, so that the material at the bottom of the mixing drum 4 is reduced to create a space for the next material to be charged.
Thereby, the charged material is smoothly fed into the mixing drum 4 without overflowing. In addition, the next material to be introduced below the first material that has been lifted enters and a preliminary state of mixing is created.
[0013]
The material sent by the feed blade 6 enters under the material lifted by the rotation of the return blade 7, the material lifted falls and overlaps, and the overlapped material is lifted together and dropped. Mixing of materials takes place.
The material sent from the feed blade 6 tries to move to the discharge port 3 side, but is returned toward the input port 1 by the attachment angle (β = 30 °) of the return blade 7. The material returned at this time is compressed and mixed by colliding with the material continuously fed by the feed blade 6 and mixed again by the return blade 7.
By this compression mixing action, mixing by movement of materials which cannot be obtained by conventional continuous mixing is performed, and it becomes possible to obtain better mixing performance. (See Figure 4)
[0014]
The material mixed by the return blade 7 is pushed out to the continuously fed material and sent to the discharge blade 8. Similarly to the return blade 7, the discharge blade 8 is mixed by repeatedly lifting and dropping the material. Further, since the discharge blade 8 is mounted in parallel to the rotation axis of the mixing drum 4, the material is sent to the discharge port 3 according to the inclination angle of the mixing drum 4, and the material remaining in the staying area 10 is accumulated too much and becomes clogged. Drain the material properly so that there is no.
[0015]
Since the shape of the mixing drum 4 is a shape in which the diameter on the discharge port 3 side is gradually reduced, the material retention area 10 is provided at the lower part of the mixing drum 4, and the mixing time is increased by increasing the material retention time. The action can be repeated a plurality of times to receive a mixing action by convection of the material. Further, in the mixing by the returning action of the material, since the material stays, the amount of the material subjected to the returning action is increased, and the mixing action by the larger compression can be obtained.
Since the tilting angle of the mixing drum 4 can be changed by the tilting drum means 9, the volume of the material staying area 10 can be adjusted, and when the mixing action is more necessary, the tilting angle of the mixing drum 4 is reduced to keep the material staying. It is possible to increase the area 10 and improve the mixing function.
[0016]
Therefore, in the continuous mixing of the present embodiment, the mixing drum 4 is rotated, unlike the case where the material is forcibly sheared and compressed using a worship blade as in a conventional batch type mixing apparatus. The movement of the material in the mixing drum 4 is promoted, and the material moves to cause mixing of the materials by mixing. The mixing action is a gravity drop in which the mixing drum 4 is rotated by the self-mixing structure and the material is lifted by each blade provided on the mixing drum 4 and dropped to the lower material, thereby convection and diffusion of the material and mixing. Two types of mixing are performed: mixing, and compression mixing in which the materials to be fed are brought into contact with each other by changing the feeding direction of the materials by reversing the attachment angles of the feed blade 6 and the return blade 7.
[0017]
Furthermore, by providing the material staying zone 10 in the mixing drum 4, the material staying time in the mixing drum 4 becomes longer, and the amount of the material moved by the mixing action increases and the degree of mixing further increases. Come.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect, the material in the mixing drum 4 is fed back and mixed by the mixed material itself, so that efficient mixing is performed. Therefore, a plurality of blades for mixing are not required, and the total length of the mixing drum 4 can be shortened, and a compact mixing device can be obtained.
According to the second aspect, since the residence time of the material in the mixing drum 4 is extended, a mixture having excellent quality can be obtained.
According to the third aspect, it is possible to provide a continuous mixing apparatus capable of adjusting the mixing performance by changing the inclination angle of the mixing drum 4.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is an overall side view of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a mixing drum of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a flow diagram of the material in the section AA in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a development view of the mixing drum of the present invention.
4). 5. Mixing drum 6. Feeding blade Return blade8. 8. discharge blade Tilting means 10. Residence area

Claims

In a continuous mixing apparatus that continuously mixes locally generated materials and materials such as cement, a mixing drum that has one end as a material input port and the other end as a discharge port and has blades on its inner peripheral surface, and is rotatable. A feed blade provided in the mixing drum for mixing while continuously feeding the material in the direction of the discharge port; and a return blade for mixing while feeding the material fed by the feed blade in the direction opposite to the feed direction. A discharge vane that mixes a part of the material mixed by the return blades while feeding a part of the material back to the discharge port, and rotates the mixing drum to move the material by each blade. A continuous mixing apparatus characterized by having a self-mixing structure in which mixing action is performed between them.

The continuous mixing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mixing drum is provided with a staying area in which the diameter on the discharge port side is gradually reduced to retain the material in the mixing drum.

The continuous mixing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mixing drum is provided with a tilting means for changing an inclination angle thereof.