JP4767032B2 - Reduced vibration level prediction method - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、特に戸建中低層住宅に適する基礎構造による低減振動レベル予測方法及びこれを利用した環境振動レベル予測方法及びこれを利用した基礎設計支援方法、更には住宅基礎構造による低減振動レベル予測装置及びこれを利用した環境振動レベル予測装置及びこれを利用した基礎設計支援装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a reduced vibration level prediction method using a foundation structure particularly suitable for single-story low-rise houses, an environmental vibration level prediction method using the same, a basic design support method using the same, and a reduced vibration level prediction using a house foundation structure. The present invention relates to an apparatus, an environmental vibration level prediction apparatus using the apparatus, and a basic design support apparatus using the apparatus.
従来、都市部では鉄道、幹線道路の隣接地に多くの住宅建物が建設されている。これ等の住宅が交通振動等の環境振動により生活上不快な振動を起こしている事例は数多く見られる。このような事例に対して建物上部での振動増幅を評価する技術が提案されている。 Conventionally, many residential buildings have been constructed in urban areas adjacent to railways and main roads. There are many cases where these houses are causing unpleasant vibrations due to environmental vibrations such as traffic vibrations. For such cases, a technique for evaluating vibration amplification at the upper part of the building has been proposed.
一方で、従来建物の杭及び基礎の設計仕様としては地盤改良、鋼管杭、べた基礎、布基礎等の種々の仕様が存在するが、これ等は主に地盤強化と地盤沈下の防止対策として設計されている。これ等の基礎については一般的に交通振動等の振動防止にも効果があることが知られているが、杭や地盤改良を併用した基礎については振動防止に対する明確な評価方法や設計方法が確立されていないため、ある程度の制振効果を期待しての定性的な評価のみにより振動対策として安全をみて根入れを深くしたり、杭を打つ等の対策を施すこともあるが、実際のところコストをかけて基礎を強固に作成しても期待したほどの制振効果を得られないこともあった。また、ある地盤において振動防止効果がある基礎仕様であっても、この基礎仕様を別の地盤においては振動防止効果が得られないなど、特定の基礎仕様がいつも同じ制振性能を有するわけではない。 On the other hand, there are various specifications such as ground improvement, steel pipe piles, solid foundations, cloth foundations, etc. as design specifications for piles and foundations of conventional buildings, but these are mainly designed to prevent ground strengthening and ground subsidence. Has been. These foundations are generally known to be effective in preventing vibrations such as traffic vibrations, but for foundations combined with piles and ground improvement, a clear evaluation and design method for vibration prevention has been established. However, as a countermeasure against vibration only by qualitative evaluation with the expectation of a certain level of vibration control effect, it is possible to take measures such as deepening the roots or hitting piles. Even if the foundation is made at a high cost, the damping effect as expected may not be obtained. Also, even if a basic specification has an anti-vibration effect on one ground, a specific basic specification does not always have the same damping performance, such as an anti-vibration effect on another ground. .
また、規模の大きな建物については詳細なシミュレーションにより制振効果を解析する方法が採用されることもあるが、その都度地盤や建物をその物件毎に正確にモデル化する必要があり、戸建住宅のような小規模建物を多数評価することは困難である。更に建物に関しては構造が同じでも壁の配置や建物形状が異なると水平方向の振動特性が大きく変わるため地盤と建物とをモデル化してシミュレーションを行うためには個別対応をする必要があった。 For large buildings, a method of analyzing the vibration control effect by detailed simulation may be adopted, but it is necessary to accurately model the ground and buildings for each property each time. It is difficult to evaluate many small buildings such as Furthermore, even if the structure is the same, horizontal vibration characteristics change greatly if the wall layout or building shape is different. Therefore, it is necessary to individually handle the ground and the building for modeling and simulation.
例えば、特許第３３８８４５７号公報（特許文献１）には、建物の最も低い固有振動数ｆｓと、地盤から基礎版に振動が伝わるとき、入力損失が最も低いときの振動数ｆ１とがｆ１≦ｆｓ になるように、基礎版の幅を調整することにより防振する技術が提案されている。 For example, in Japanese Patent No. 3388457 (Patent Document 1), the lowest natural frequency fs of a building and the frequency f 1 when the input loss is lowest when vibration is transmitted from the ground to the base plate are f 1. A technique for preventing vibration by adjusting the width of the base plate has been proposed so that ≦ fs.
一方で、建物の振動を評価する技術としては、建物の水平方向の振動特性と地盤の振動特性とを評価する技術が特許第３５５５７２８号公報（特許文献２）、特開２００１−３４９７７６号公報（特許文献３）等により提案されている。 On the other hand, as a technique for evaluating the vibration of the building, a technique for evaluating the horizontal vibration characteristic of the building and the vibration characteristic of the ground is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3555728 (Patent Document 2) and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-349776 ( Patent Document 3) and the like have proposed.
しかしながら、特許文献１の技術は、防振技術であって、振動レベルを予測するもではなく、建物の設計支援するものでもない。即ち、建物があることを大前提とし、その建物の基礎版は、特許文献１の明細書や図面に記載された通り、例えば１片が２０ｍ以上の床面積の大きい建物を想定しており、基礎全体は面積の大きな１枚からなる基礎版であり、基礎版の幅を調整して防振するのである。尚、この基礎版の入力損失は、地盤の硬さや杭の種類に影響されることが例示されているが、規模が小さい戸建中低層住宅の柱や床梁を受ける幅の狭い基礎の場合には適用出来ない。 However, the technique of Patent Document 1 is a vibration isolation technique, and does not predict the vibration level and does not support building design. That is, assuming that there is a building, the basic version of the building is assumed to be a building with a large floor area of 20 m or more, for example, as described in the specification and drawings of Patent Document 1. The entire foundation is a single base plate with a large area, and the width of the base plate is adjusted to prevent vibration. In addition, it is exemplified that the input loss of this foundation version is affected by the hardness of the ground and the type of pile, but in the case of a narrow foundation that receives columns and floor beams of small and medium-sized detached houses It is not applicable to.
更に、防振のために、建物の床面積より大きな基礎版にすることは、広い敷地に建てる規模の大きな建物については適用可能であるが、戸建中低層住宅のように敷地に対して建物の形状が略決定されてしまい、都市部のように隣家に隣設して建設される住宅では設計上、基礎の幅を増やすことは困難である。 Furthermore, to prevent vibration, it is possible to apply a larger base plate than the floor area of the building to large buildings that are built on a large site, but the building is built against the site like a detached low-rise house. Since the shape of the house is almost determined, it is difficult to increase the width of the foundation in the design of a house constructed adjacent to a neighboring house like an urban area.
また、特許文献２，３の技術では、建物の振動特性より建物上層階の振動振幅を評価することは可能であるが、地盤から建物に入力される振動を低減させる技術は示されていない。そのため、地盤と建物の振動特性の組合せによっては建物の構造やプラン形状を変更する必要があり、施主の希望を大きく制限してしまうことになる。また、建物の鉛直方向の揺れに対して建物躯体で対応する場合は、各階の床全てのスパン長、梁、床の層構成等を評価して対応しなければならないという煩雑さがあった。 Further, in the techniques of Patent Documents 2 and 3, although it is possible to evaluate the vibration amplitude of the upper floor of the building from the vibration characteristics of the building, there is no technique for reducing the vibration input from the ground to the building. Therefore, depending on the combination of the vibration characteristics of the ground and the building, it is necessary to change the structure of the building and the plan shape, which greatly restricts the client's wishes. Moreover, when dealing with the vertical shaking of the building with the building frame, there is a problem that it is necessary to evaluate and deal with the span length of all the floors of each floor, the beam, the layer structure of the floor, and the like.
本発明は前記課題を解決するものであり、その目的とするところは、建物の構造やプラン形状を問うことなく、振動防止に効果のある適切な基礎構造を決めるために、中低層戸建住宅用に想定された基礎構造モデルと地盤モデルとによる低減振動レベルを予測し、建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動レベルを予測して基礎設計を支援することが出来る住宅基礎構造による低減振動レベル予測方法及びこれを利用した環境振動レベル予測方法及びこれを利用した基礎設計支援方法、更には住宅基礎構造による低減振動レベル予測装置及びこれを利用した環境振動レベル予測装置及びこれを利用した基礎設計支援装置を提供せんとするものである。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to determine an appropriate basic structure effective in preventing vibration without questioning the structure or plan shape of a building. Residential foundation that can predict the reduced vibration level based on the foundation structure model and ground model assumed for use, and can support the foundation design by predicting the environmental vibration level on the foundation structure installed on the ground at the construction site Reduced vibration level prediction method by structure, environmental vibration level prediction method using the same, basic design support method using the same, further reduced vibration level prediction apparatus by housing foundation structure, and environmental vibration level prediction apparatus using the same It is intended to provide a basic design support device using
前記目的を達成するための本発明に係る低減振動レベル予測方法は、定められた工業化住宅用に適用され得ると想定される基礎構造モデルを複数種類と、中低層住宅用宅地となり得ると想定される地盤モデルを複数種別とを定めておき、前記基礎構造モデルと、前記地盤モデルとの組み合わせ毎に地盤振動による該基礎構造モデル上での環境振動の低減振動レベルを求めることを特徴とする。 The reduced vibration level prediction method according to the present invention for achieving the above-described object is assumed to be a plurality of types of basic structure models that can be applied to a predetermined industrialized house, and can be a residential land for middle- and low-rise housing. A plurality of types of ground models are determined, and a reduced vibration level of environmental vibration on the foundation structure model due to ground vibration is obtained for each combination of the foundation structure model and the ground model.
また、本発明に係る環境振動レベル予測方法は、建築現場の地盤について環境振動による該地盤の振動を測定し、その測定結果を解析して求めた地盤の振動レベルと、前述の低減振動レベル予測方法により求めた環境振動の低減振動レベルと、に基づいて建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベルを求めることを特徴とする。 Further, the environmental vibration level prediction method according to the present invention measures the vibration of the ground due to the environmental vibration on the ground of the building site, analyzes the measurement result, and the above-mentioned reduced vibration level prediction. Based on the reduced vibration level of the environmental vibration obtained by the method, the vibration level of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the building site is obtained.
また、本発明に係る基礎設計支援方法は、建築現場の地盤について地盤調査を行って得られた情報から、その地盤に適用可能な基礎構造モデルを選択し、その選択された基礎構造モデルについて前述の環境振動レベル予測方法により求められた建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベルを該基礎構造モデルと関連付けて提示することを特徴とする。 Further, the foundation design support method according to the present invention selects a foundation structure model applicable to the ground from information obtained by conducting a ground survey on the ground of the construction site, and the selected foundation structure model is described above. The vibration level of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the building site determined by the environmental vibration level prediction method is presented in association with the foundation structure model.
また、本発明に係る低減振動レベル予測装置は、定められた工業化住宅用に適用され得ると想定される基礎構造モデル情報を記憶する基礎構造モデル情報記憶手段と、中低層住宅用宅地となり得ると想定された地盤モデル情報を記憶する地盤モデル情報記憶手段と、前記基礎構造モデル情報記憶手段に記憶された基礎構造モデル情報と、前記地盤モデル情報記憶手段に記憶された地盤モデル情報との組み合わせ毎に振動解析し、組み合わせ毎に地盤振動に対する基礎構造モデル上での基礎構造モデルによる環境振動の低減振動レベルを求める低減振動レベル算出手段と、前記低減振動レベル算出手段により算出された低減振動レベル情報を記憶する低減振動レベル情報記憶手段と、前記低減振動レベル算出手段により算出された低減振動レベル情報を出力する低減振動レベル出力手段とを有することを特徴とする。 In addition, the reduced vibration level prediction apparatus according to the present invention can be a basic structure model information storage unit that stores basic structure model information that is assumed to be applicable to a specified industrialized house, and can be a residential land for middle- and low-rise housing. Each combination of ground model information storage means for storing assumed ground model information, foundation structure model information stored in the foundation structure model information storage means, and ground model information stored in the ground model information storage means A vibration level analysis means for obtaining a reduced vibration level of the environmental vibration based on the foundation structure model on the foundation structure model for the ground vibration for each combination, and reduced vibration level information calculated by the reduction vibration level calculation means Reduced vibration level information storage means for storing the reduced vibration level calculated by the reduced vibration level calculation means. And having a reduced vibration level output means for outputting information.
また、本発明に係る環境振動レベル予測装置は、建築現場の地盤について環境振動による該地盤の振動を測定し、その測定結果を解析して求めた地盤の振動レベル情報と、前述の低減振動レベル予測装置により求めた環境振動の低減振動レベル情報と、に基づいて建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベルを求める振動レベル算出手段と、前記振動レベル算出手段により算出された、建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベル情報を記憶する振動レベル情報記憶手段と、前記振動レベル算出手段により算出された環境振動の振動レベル情報を出力する振動レベル出力手段とを有することを特徴とする。 Further, the environmental vibration level prediction apparatus according to the present invention measures the vibration of the ground due to the environmental vibration on the ground of the building site, analyzes the measurement result, and obtains the above-mentioned reduced vibration level. The vibration level calculation means for obtaining the vibration level of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the construction site based on the reduced vibration level information of the environmental vibration obtained by the prediction device, and calculated by the vibration level calculation means The vibration level information storage means for storing the vibration level information of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the building site, and the vibration level information of the environmental vibration calculated by the vibration level calculation means are output. And a vibration level output means.
また、本発明に係る基礎設計支援装置は、建築現場の地盤について地盤調査を行って得られた情報から、その地盤に適用可能な基礎構造モデルを選択する基礎構造モデル選択手段と、前記基礎構造モデル選択手段により選択された基礎構造モデルについて前述の環境振動レベル予測装置により求められた建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベル情報を該基礎構造モデル情報と関連付けて出力する出力手段とを有することを特徴とする。 In addition, the foundation design support device according to the present invention includes a foundation structure model selection means for selecting a foundation structure model applicable to the ground from information obtained by conducting a ground survey on the ground of a building site, and the foundation structure For the foundation structure model selected by the model selection means, the vibration level information of the environment vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the building site obtained by the above-described environmental vibration level prediction device is associated with the foundation structure model information. Output means for outputting.
本発明に係る低減振動レベル予測方法によれば、中低層戸建工業化住宅用に想定された各基礎構造モデルと各地盤モデルとの各組み合わせ毎に地盤振動による基礎構造モデル上での環境振動の低減振動レベルを求めることで、それらの組み合わせによる低減振動レベルを予測することが出来る。また、地盤と基礎の組合せのみで評価を行うため建物がない状態で、低減振動レベルを予測することが出来る。また、建物の固有振動数に関係なく低減振動レベルを予測することが出来る。すなわち、建物の構造やプラン形状を問うことなく、振動防止に効果のある適切な基礎構造を決めることが可能である。 According to the reduced vibration level prediction method according to the present invention, the environmental vibration on the foundation structure model by the ground vibration for each combination of each foundation structure model assumed for the medium- and low-rise detached industrialized house and each place board model. By obtaining the reduced vibration level, it is possible to predict the reduced vibration level due to the combination thereof. Moreover, since the evaluation is performed only with the combination of the ground and the foundation, the reduced vibration level can be predicted in the absence of a building. In addition, the reduced vibration level can be predicted regardless of the natural frequency of the building. In other words, it is possible to determine an appropriate foundation structure effective in preventing vibration without questioning the structure of the building or the plan shape.
また、本発明に係る環境振動レベル予測方法によれば、建築現場の地盤について環境振動による該地盤の振動を測定し、その測定結果を解析して求めた地盤の振動レベルと、各基礎構造モデルと地盤モデルとの組み合わせ毎に求めた環境振動の低減振動レベルとに基づいて建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベルを求め、それぞれの組み合わせによる基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベルを予測することが出来る。 Further, according to the environmental vibration level prediction method according to the present invention, the vibration level of the ground due to the environmental vibration is measured for the ground of the construction site, and the ground vibration level obtained by analyzing the measurement result, and each foundation structure model The vibration level of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground at the construction site is obtained based on the reduced vibration level of the environmental vibration obtained for each combination of the ground model and the ground structure. The vibration level of environmental vibration can be predicted.
また、本発明に係る基礎設計支援方法によれば、建築現場の地盤について地耐力等の地盤調査を行って得られた情報からその地盤に住宅用の基礎として適用可能な基礎構造モデルと地盤調査結果と同じか類似する地盤モデルの組み合わせを選択し、その選択された基礎構造モデルについて建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベルを基礎構造モデルと関連付けて提示することが出来る。 Further, according to the foundation design support method according to the present invention, the foundation structure model and the ground survey applicable to the ground as the foundation for housing from the information obtained by conducting the ground survey such as the earth bearing strength on the ground of the construction site. Select a ground model combination that is the same as or similar to the result, and present the vibration level of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the building site in relation to the foundation structure model for the selected foundation structure model I can do it.
また、本発明に係る低減振動レベル予測装置によれば、基礎構造モデル情報記憶手段に記憶された各基礎構造モデル情報と、地盤モデル情報記憶手段に記憶された各地盤モデル情報との組み合わせに基づいて、低減振動レベル算出手段により環境振動の低減振動レベルを求め、低減振動レベル出力手段により低減振動レベル情報を出力することが出来る。 Further, according to the reduced vibration level prediction apparatus according to the present invention, based on the combination of each foundation structure model information stored in the foundation structure model information storage means and the local board model information stored in the ground model information storage means. Thus, the reduced vibration level calculation means can obtain the reduced vibration level of the environmental vibration, and the reduced vibration level output means can output the reduced vibration level information.
また、本発明に係る環境振動レベル予測装置によれば、建築現場の地盤について環境振動による該地盤の振動を測定し、その測定結果を解析して求めた地盤の振動レベル情報と、低減振動レベル予測装置により求めた環境振動の低減振動レベル情報とに基づいて振動レベル算出手段により建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベルを求め、振動レベル出力手段により出力することが出来る。 Further, according to the environmental vibration level prediction apparatus according to the present invention, the vibration of the ground due to the environmental vibration is measured for the ground of the building site, and the vibration level information of the ground obtained by analyzing the measurement result, and the reduced vibration level Based on the vibration level information obtained by the prediction device and the reduced vibration level information, the vibration level calculation means obtains the vibration level of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the building site, and outputs it by the vibration level output means. I can do it.
また、本発明に係る基礎設計支援装置によれば、基礎構造モデル選択手段により建築現場の地盤について地盤調査を行って得られた情報からその地盤に住宅基礎として適用可能な基礎構造モデルと地盤調査結果と同じか類似する地盤モデルの組み合わせを選択し、その選択された基礎構造モデルについて前記環境振動レベル予測装置により求められた建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベル情報を該基礎構造モデル情報と関連付けて出力手段により出力することが出来る。 In addition, according to the foundation design support apparatus according to the present invention, the foundation structure model and the ground survey applicable to the ground as the housing foundation from the information obtained by conducting the ground survey on the ground of the building site by the foundation structure model selection means. Select a ground model combination that is the same as or similar to the result, and the vibration level of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the building site obtained by the environmental vibration level prediction device for the selected foundation structure model Information can be output by the output means in association with the basic structure model information.
図により本発明に係る低減振動レベル予測方法及びこれを利用した環境振動レベル予測方法及びこれを利用した基礎設計支援方法、更には低減振動レベル予測装置及びこれを利用した環境振動レベル予測装置及びこれを利用した基礎設計支援装置の一実施形態を具体的に説明する。図１は本発明に係る低減振動レベル予測装置、環境振動レベル予測装置及び基礎設計支援装置の制御系の構成を示すブロック図、図２は本発明に係る低減振動レベル予測装置、環境振動レベル予測装置及び基礎設計支援装置の動作を説明するフローチャート、図３は想定される基礎構造モデルと地盤モデルとの組み合わせの一例を示す図、図４は振動解析モデルの一例を示す図、図５は振動加速度の時刻暦波形データの一例を示す図、図６（ａ）は地盤と基礎構造上との振動レベルを比較する図、図６（ｂ）は図６（ａ）における地盤と基礎構造による低減振動レベルを示す図である。 Referring to the drawings, a reduced vibration level prediction method according to the present invention, an environmental vibration level prediction method using the same, a basic design support method using the same, a reduced vibration level prediction device, an environmental vibration level prediction device using the same, and the same An embodiment of a basic design support apparatus using the above will be specifically described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control system of a reduced vibration level prediction apparatus, an environmental vibration level prediction apparatus, and a basic design support apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a reduced vibration level prediction apparatus and an environmental vibration level prediction according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a combination of an assumed foundation structure model and a ground model, FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vibration analysis model, and FIG. 5 is a vibration diagram. FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating an example of time calendar waveform data of acceleration, FIG. 6A is a diagram comparing vibration levels between the ground and the foundation structure, and FIG. 6B is a reduction by the ground and the foundation structure in FIG. 6A. It is a figure which shows a vibration level.
図１において、１は本発明に係る低減振動レベル予測装置、環境振動レベル予測装置及び基礎設計支援装置を一体的に装備するコンピュータシステムであり、パーソナルコンピュータ（以下、「パソコン」という）等により構成される。コンピュータシステム１には、入力部２、制御部３、算出部５、解析部16等を有する演算部27、モデル情報記憶部４、算出結果情報記憶部18、適用可能基礎情報記憶部25等を有する記憶部26、及び出力部６等が設けられている。 In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a computer system that is integrally equipped with a reduced vibration level prediction apparatus, an environmental vibration level prediction apparatus, and a basic design support apparatus according to the present invention, and is constituted by a personal computer (hereinafter referred to as “personal computer”) or the like. Is done. The computer system 1 includes an input unit 2, a control unit 3, a calculation unit 5, a calculation unit 27 having an analysis unit 16, etc., a model information storage unit 4, a calculation result information storage unit 18, an applicable basic information storage unit 25, and the like. A storage unit 26 having an output unit 6 and the like are provided.
モデル情報記憶部４には定められた工業化住宅用に適用され得ると想定される複数種類の基礎構造モデルに関する基礎構造モデル情報を記憶する基礎構造モデル情報記憶手段となる基礎構造モデル情報データベース（以下、「基礎構造モデル情報ＤＢ」という）７と、中低層住宅用宅地となり得ると想定される複数種類の地盤モデルに関する地盤モデル情報を記憶する地盤モデル情報記憶手段となる地盤モデル情報データベース（以下、「地盤モデル情報ＤＢ」という）８と、制御部３に設けられたモデル組み合わせ部９により基礎構造モデル情報ＤＢ７に記憶された基礎構造モデル情報と、地盤モデル情報ＤＢ８に記憶された地盤モデル情報とを組み合わせた解析モデル情報を記憶する解析モデル情報データベース（以下、「解析モデル情報ＤＢ」という）21が設けられている。 The model information storage unit 4 is a basic structure model information database (hereinafter referred to as a basic structure model information storage means) that stores basic structure model information related to a plurality of types of basic structure models that are assumed to be applicable for industrialized houses. , And a ground model information database (hereinafter referred to as a ground model information storage means) for storing ground model information related to a plurality of types of ground models that can be assumed to be residential land for middle and low-rise housing. (Referred to as “ground model information DB”) 8, the foundation structure model information stored in the foundation structure model information DB 7 by the model combination unit 9 provided in the control unit 3, and the ground model information stored in the ground model information DB 8 Analysis model information database (hereinafter referred to as “analysis model information”) DB "hereinafter) 21 is provided.
解析部16にある振動解析部17ではモデル組み合わせ部９により組み合わされた基礎構造モデル情報と地盤モデル情報との組み合わせ毎に振動解析し、算出部５では組み合わせ毎に地盤振動に対する基礎構造モデル上での基礎構造モデルによる環境振動の低減振動レベルを求める低減振動レベル算出手段となる低減振動レベル算出部10が設けられている。 The vibration analysis unit 17 in the analysis unit 16 performs vibration analysis for each combination of the foundation structure model information combined with the model combination unit 9 and the ground model information, and the calculation unit 5 performs the analysis on the foundation structure model for the ground vibration for each combination. A reduced vibration level calculation unit 10 is provided which serves as a reduced vibration level calculation means for obtaining a reduced vibration level of environmental vibration based on the basic structure model.
低減振動レベル算出部10により算出された低減振動レベル情報は算出結果情報記憶部18に設けられた低減振動レベル情報記憶手段となる低減振動レベル情報データベース（以下、「低減振動レベル情報ＤＢ」という）19に記憶されると共に出力部６に設けられた低減振動レベル出力手段となる低減振動レベル出力部11により出力される。本発明に係る低減振動レベル予測装置は、上記入力部２、基礎構造モデル情報ＤＢ７、地盤モデル情報ＤＢ８、モデル組み合わせ部９、振動解析部17、低減振動レベル算出部10、低減振動レベル情報ＤＢ19及び低減振動レベル出力部11等により構成される。 The reduced vibration level information calculated by the reduced vibration level calculation unit 10 is a reduced vibration level information database (hereinafter referred to as “reduced vibration level information DB”) serving as reduced vibration level information storage means provided in the calculation result information storage unit 18. 19 and output by the reduced vibration level output unit 11 serving as reduced vibration level output means provided in the output unit 6. The reduced vibration level prediction apparatus according to the present invention includes the input unit 2, the basic structure model information DB 7, the ground model information DB 8, the model combination unit 9, the vibration analysis unit 17, the reduced vibration level calculation unit 10, the reduced vibration level information DB 19, and It comprises a reduced vibration level output unit 11 and the like.
一方、建築現場の地盤について交通振動等の環境振動による該地盤の振動（本実施の形態では、振動加速度）を測定し、その測定データは入力手段となる入力部２から入力される。このデータは振動解析部17で振動解析される。算出部５には振動レベル算出手段となる基礎構造上の振動レベル算出部12が設けられており、該基礎構造上の振動レベル算出部12は入力部２により入力された振動加速度データより求めた建築現場の地盤の振動レベル情報と、上記低減振動レベル予測装置により求めた環境振動の低減振動レベル情報とに基づいて、建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベルを求める。基礎構造上の振動レベル算出部12により算出された振動レベル情報は算出結果情報記憶部18に設けられた振動レベル情報記憶手段となる振動レベル情報データベース（以下、「基礎構造上の振動レベル情報ＤＢ」という）20に記憶されると共に出力部６に設けられた振動レベル出力手段となる基礎構造上の振動レベル出力部13により出力される。 On the other hand, vibration of the ground (vibration acceleration in the present embodiment) due to environmental vibration such as traffic vibration is measured on the ground of the building site, and the measurement data is input from the input unit 2 serving as input means. This data is subjected to vibration analysis by the vibration analysis unit 17. The calculation unit 5 is provided with a vibration level calculation unit 12 on the foundation structure serving as a vibration level calculation means. The vibration level calculation unit 12 on the foundation structure is obtained from vibration acceleration data input from the input unit 2. Based on the vibration level information of the ground at the building site and the reduced vibration level information of the environmental vibration obtained by the reduced vibration level prediction device, the vibration level of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the building site is calculated. Ask. The vibration level information calculated by the vibration level calculation unit 12 on the foundation structure is a vibration level information database (hereinafter referred to as “vibration level information DB on the foundation structure”) serving as vibration level information storage means provided in the calculation result information storage unit 18. And output by the vibration level output unit 13 on the foundation structure serving as the vibration level output means provided in the output unit 6.
本発明に係る環境振動レベル予測装置は、上記低減振動レベル予測装置を構成する基礎構造モデル情報ＤＢ７、地盤モデル情報ＤＢ８、モデル組み合わせ部９、低減振動レベル算出部10、低減振動レベル情報ＤＢ19、低減振動レベル出力部11に加えて、基礎構造上の振動レベル算出部12、基礎構造上の振動レベル情報ＤＢ20及び基礎構造上の振動レベル出力部13等により構成される。 The environmental vibration level prediction apparatus according to the present invention includes the basic structure model information DB7, the ground model information DB8, the model combination unit 9, the reduced vibration level calculation unit 10, the reduced vibration level information DB19, and the reduction that constitute the reduced vibration level prediction apparatus. In addition to the vibration level output unit 11, the vibration level calculation unit 12 on the foundation structure, the vibration level information DB 20 on the foundation structure, the vibration level output unit 13 on the foundation structure, and the like.
制御部３には、入力部２から入力される、建築現場の地盤について地盤調査を行って得られた情報から、その地盤に適用可能な基礎構造モデルを選択する基礎構造モデル選択手段となる基礎構造モデル選択部14と、該基礎構造モデル選択部14により選択された基礎構造モデルについて上記環境振動レベル予測装置により求められた建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベル情報を該基礎構造モデル情報と関連付ける関連付け手段となる関連付け部15が設けられており、該関連付け部15により関連付けられた基礎構造モデル情報と、該基礎構造モデルを建築現場の地盤に設置した際の基礎構造上での振動レベル情報とが出力部６により出力されて提示される。 The control unit 3 has a foundation serving as a foundation structure model selecting means for selecting a foundation structure model applicable to the ground from information obtained by conducting a ground survey on the ground of the construction site, which is input from the input unit 2. The vibration level of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the construction site obtained by the environmental vibration level prediction device for the foundation model selected by the structure model selection unit 14 and the foundation structure model selection unit 14 An associating unit 15 is provided as an associating means for associating information with the basic structure model information, and the basic structure model information related by the associating unit 15 and the basic structure model when installed on the ground of a building site The vibration level information on the foundation structure is output by the output unit 6 and presented.
本発明に係る基礎設計支援装置は、上記環境振動レベル予測装置を構成する基礎構造モデル情報ＤＢ７、地盤モデル情報ＤＢ８、モデル組み合わせ部９、低減振動レベル算出部10、低減振動レベル情報ＤＢ19、低減振動レベル出力部11、基礎構造上の振動レベル算出部12、基礎構造上の振動レベル情報ＤＢ20、基礎構造上の振動レベル出力部13に加えて、基礎構造モデル選択部14、関連付け部15、出力部６等により構成される。 The basic design support device according to the present invention includes a basic structure model information DB7, a ground model information DB8, a model combination unit 9, a reduced vibration level calculation unit 10, a reduced vibration level information DB19, and a reduced vibration that constitute the environmental vibration level prediction device. In addition to the level output unit 11, the vibration level calculation unit 12 on the foundation structure, the vibration level information DB 20 on the foundation structure, the vibration level output unit 13 on the foundation structure, the foundation structure model selection unit 14, the association unit 15, and the output unit 6 etc.
建築現場の地盤について環境振動による地盤の振動を測定し、その測定結果を解析手段となる解析部16に設けられた振動解析手段となる振動解析部17により地盤の振動レベルを解析する。 The vibration of the ground due to the environmental vibration is measured on the ground of the building site, and the vibration level of the ground is analyzed by the vibration analysis unit 17 serving as the vibration analysis unit provided in the analysis unit 16 serving as the analysis unit.
一方、算出部５の低減振動レベル算出部10により算出された低減振動レベル情報は、算出結果情報記憶手段となる算出結果情報記憶部18に設けられた低減振動レベル情報記憶手段となる低減振動レベル情報データベース（以下、「低減振動レベル情報ＤＢ」）19に記憶され、他方、基礎構造上の振動レベル算出部12により算出された振動レベル情報は、振動レベル情報記憶手段となる基礎構造上の振動レベル情報データベース（以下、「基礎構造上の振動レベル情報ＤＢ」）20に記憶される。 On the other hand, the reduced vibration level information calculated by the reduced vibration level calculation unit 10 of the calculation unit 5 is the reduced vibration level that becomes the reduced vibration level information storage unit provided in the calculation result information storage unit 18 that becomes the calculation result information storage unit. The vibration level information stored in the information database (hereinafter referred to as “reduced vibration level information DB”) 19 and calculated by the vibration level calculation unit 12 on the foundation structure is the vibration on the foundation structure serving as the vibration level information storage means. It is stored in a level information database (hereinafter referred to as “vibration level information DB on foundation structure”) 20.
次に図２の説明をする。先ず、解析による地盤と基礎構造の仕様毎の低減振動レベル情報ＤＢ19を作成する。ステップＳ１の基礎構造モデル情報ＤＢ７には予め想定される種々の基礎構造をモデル化して作成したものを格納しており、ステップＳ２の地盤モデル情報ＤＢ８には予め想定される種々の地盤をモデル化して作成したものが格納されている。 Next, FIG. 2 will be described. First, a reduced vibration level information DB 19 is created for each specification of the ground and foundation structure by analysis. Step stores a thing to S 1 substructure model information DB7 created to model the various substructures is previously estimated, the various ground to ground model information DB8 step S 2 is presupposed Stores what was modeled and created.
基礎構造モデルについては、先ず整形な建物の標準プランを想定し、標準的な基礎の設計を行う。例えば、戸建住宅等を想定する場合は、２階建住宅或いは３階建住宅程度の規模が望ましい。 As for the foundation structure model, a standard foundation design is first assumed, and a standard foundation design is performed. For example, when a detached house is assumed, the scale is preferably about a two-story house or a three-story house.
基礎構造の大きさについては建物の規模（重量）を考慮して概略５ｍ、１０ｍ程度の組み合わせでモデル化するのが望ましい。尚、建物については低周波に影響を及ぼさないように剛体としてモデル化することが望ましく、便宜的に基礎にかかる荷重として評価するのみでも良い。 The size of the foundation structure is desirably modeled with a combination of approximately 5 m and 10 m in consideration of the scale (weight) of the building. The building is desirably modeled as a rigid body so as not to affect the low frequency, and may be evaluated only as a load applied to the foundation for convenience.
一方、地盤のモデルについてはボーリング試験のＮ値等や支持層24までの深さ等により軟弱地盤、中程度の地盤、良質な地盤を想定して地盤を分類し、地盤モデルを作成する。支持層24までの深さにおいては２ｍ〜５ｍ程度毎に区分し、軟弱層23についてはＮ値を１程度にすることが望ましい。 On the other hand, with respect to the ground model, the ground model is created by classifying the ground based on the N value of the boring test, the depth to the support layer 24, etc., assuming soft ground, medium ground, and good quality ground. In the depth to the support layer 24, it divides | segments every about 2m-5m, and it is desirable to make N value about 1 about the soft layer 23. FIG.
尚、ステップＳ２で「Ｎ」は地盤の支持層24の固さを示す指標である「Ｎ値」を示す。「Ｎ値」とは、重さ６２２．７Ｎ（６３．５kgf）のハンマーを高さ７５cmから自由落下させ、標準貫入試験用サンプラーを３０cm打ち込むのに要する打撃回数を言うものである。 Note that "N" in step S 2 indicates "N value" is an index indicating the hardness of the support layer 24 of the ground. “N value” refers to the number of hits required to drop a hammer with a weight of 622.7 N (63.5 kgf) from a height of 75 cm and drive a standard penetration test sampler 30 cm.
そして、ステップＳ３において、モデル組み合わせ部９により想定地盤と、その想定地盤に施工可能な想定基礎構造との組み合わせを決定し、ステップＳ４において、解析モデル情報ＤＢ21に記憶する地盤モデルと基礎構造モデルとを組み合わせた解析モデルを作成する。 Then, in step S 3, and assuming the ground by the model combining unit 9, determines a combination of the construction can be assumed substructure on the assumption ground, in step S 4, ground model and foundation structure for storing the analysis model information DB21 Create an analysis model combined with the model.
図３は地盤モデルと基礎構造モデルとを組み合わせた解析モデルの一例である。次に模擬振動波を用いてステップＳ４で作成した地盤モデルと基礎構造モデルとを組み合わせた解析モデルについて全ての組み合わせ毎に振動解析部17により振動解析を行う（ステップＳ５）。 FIG. 3 is an example of an analysis model that combines a ground model and a foundation structure model. Then perform vibration analysis by the vibration analyzer 17 in each of all the combinations for the analysis model that combines the ground model and foundation structure model created in step S 4 by using a simulated vibration (step S 5).
この振動解析では、ＦＥＭ（Finite Element Method）解析（有限要素法）を使用した。尚、ＦＥＭ（Finite Element Method）解析（有限要素法）とは地盤や構造物を有限の要素に分割して応力の分布や変形等を近似し解析する方法をいう。 In this vibration analysis, FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis (finite element method) was used. Note that FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis (finite element method) refers to a method of dividing a ground or a structure into finite elements and approximating and analyzing stress distribution and deformation.
図４（ａ）は基礎構造モデルの一例として、杭基礎構造モデルの振動解析を行う様子を示す図である。このモデルは地盤の０ｍから８ｍまでのＮ値が１の軟弱層23で、その下部の支持層24のＮ値が１５であり、基礎構造の仕様は布基礎で、杭の仕様は８ｍの鋼管杭を使用した一例である。図４（ｂ）は更地の地盤モデルの振動解析を行う様子を示す図であり、このモデルも地盤の０ｍから８ｍまでのＮ値が１の軟弱層23で、その下部の支持層24のＮ値が１５である。 FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a state in which vibration analysis of a pile foundation structure model is performed as an example of a foundation structure model. This model is a soft layer 23 with an N value of 1 from 0m to 8m in the ground, the N value of the support layer 24 below it is 15, the specification of the foundation structure is a cloth foundation, and the specification of the pile is a steel pipe of 8m It is an example using a pile. FIG. 4 (b) is a diagram showing a state of performing vibration analysis of the ground model of the clear ground. This model is also a soft layer 23 with an N value of 1 from 0 m to 8 m of the ground, and the support layer 24 below it. The N value is 15.
振動解析に際しては、先ず、解析モデル上で敷地から２０ｍ程度離れた位置に道路や鉄道等を想定した振動源を設定する。その振動源に任意の強さで鉛直方向及び水平方向に振動を与えて振動解析を行う。このとき、与える振動の特性は種々の波に対応出来るように１Ｈｚ〜９０Ｈｚの成分を均一に含むホワイトノイズが望ましい。 In the vibration analysis, first, a vibration source assuming a road, a railway, or the like is set at a position about 20 m away from the site on the analysis model. Vibration analysis is performed by applying vibration to the vibration source at an arbitrary strength in the vertical and horizontal directions. At this time, it is desirable that white noise that uniformly includes a component of 1 Hz to 90 Hz is desirable as a characteristic of the vibration to be applied so as to cope with various waves.
この加振に対する解析モデル上の建物の建築現場の地盤における地盤上の振動加速度応答値と、基礎構造上の振動加速度応答値とを鉛直方向及び水平方向について求め、地盤の振動加速度応答値（図５（ａ）がその一例）と、基礎構造上の振動加速度応答値（図５（ｂ）がその一例）との比をとり、オクターブバンド毎に周波数分析し（図６（ａ）がその一例）、オクターブバンド毎に振動低減率（図６（ｂ）がその一例）を求める。図５（ａ）と図５（ｂ）とを比較することにより地盤モデルと基礎構造モデルとの組み合わせにより振動加速度が低減されたことが示される。 The vibration acceleration response value on the ground and the vibration acceleration response value on the foundation structure on the ground of the building site of the building on the analytical model for this excitation are obtained in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the vibration acceleration response value of the ground (Fig. 5 (a) is an example) and the vibration acceleration response value on the foundation structure (FIG. 5B is an example), and frequency analysis is performed for each octave band (FIG. 6A is an example). ), And a vibration reduction rate (an example thereof is shown in FIG. 6B) for each octave band. By comparing FIG. 5 (a) and FIG. 5 (b), it is shown that the vibration acceleration is reduced by the combination of the ground model and the foundation structure model.
この振動低減率を周波数帯域毎の低減振動レベルとすることが出来る。この振動低減率を周波数帯域毎の低減振動レベルを、それぞれの地盤種類と杭、地盤改良及び基礎構造の仕様の組み合わせ毎に求めておき、それぞれのモデル化された地盤と基礎構造の仕様毎の振動低減率を周波数帯域毎の低減振動レベル情報として低減振動レベル情報ＤＢ19に格納する。 This vibration reduction rate can be a reduced vibration level for each frequency band. This vibration reduction rate is obtained for each combination of ground type and pile, ground improvement and foundation structure specifications, and the vibration reduction rate for each frequency band is determined for each modeled ground and foundation structure specification. The vibration reduction rate is stored in the reduced vibration level information DB 19 as reduced vibration level information for each frequency band.
このようにして、基礎モデルと地盤モデルを実現可能な全ての組合せについて地盤モデルによる応答解析と周波数分析を行うと共に、基礎構造モデルによる応答解析と周波数分析を行い、それらの振動加速度応答値の比をとった振動低減率、或るいはそれらの振動加速度応答レベル値の差分を計算した差分振動加速度応答レベル値を、振動による周波数帯域毎の環境振動の低減振動レベルとして低減振動レベル算出部10により計算し（ステップＳ６）、低減振動レベル情報ＤＢ19に記憶すると共に、低減振動レベル出力部11により出力する。このようにして行われた基礎による低減振動レベルの解析は基礎と地盤の組合せ種類毎に一度行えば良く、個別の各邸毎に行う必要がない。 In this way, response analysis and frequency analysis using the ground model are performed for all combinations that can realize the foundation model and ground model, and response analysis and frequency analysis are performed using the foundation structure model, and the ratio of the vibration acceleration response values is compared. The reduced vibration level calculation unit 10 uses the vibration reduction rate obtained by taking the difference or the difference vibration acceleration response level value obtained by calculating the difference between the vibration acceleration response level values as the reduced vibration level of the environmental vibration for each frequency band due to vibration. Calculate (step S 6 ), store in the reduced vibration level information DB 19, and output by the reduced vibration level output unit 11. The analysis of the reduced vibration level by the foundation performed in this way may be performed once for each combination type of the foundation and the ground, and does not need to be performed for each individual residence.
一方、ステップＳ７において、建築現場の地盤について環境振動による該地盤の振動加速度を測定し（実地盤振動測定値）、その測定データを振動解析部17により振動解析、周波数分析を行い（ステップＳ８）、実地盤振動レベル算出部28により振動による周波数帯域毎の振動レベルを計算し、実地盤振動レベル情報記憶手段となる実地盤振動レベル情報データベース（以下、「実地盤振動レベル情報ＤＢ」という）22に記憶する（ステップＳ９）。 On the other hand, in step S 7, the ground of the building site by measuring the vibration acceleration of該地Release due to environmental vibrations (actual ground vibration measurement), vibration analysis, performs frequency analysis by the measurement data the vibration analysis unit 17 (step S 8 ) The actual ground vibration level calculation unit 28 calculates the vibration level for each frequency band due to vibration, and the actual ground vibration level information database (hereinafter referred to as “actual ground vibration level information DB”) serving as the actual ground vibration level information storage means. ) Is stored in step 22 (step S 9 ).
即ち、実際に建物を建設する現場において振動測定器を用いて実際に振動加速度の測定を行い、建設地での振動加速度データを測定する。このデータを基にオクターブバンド毎の周波数分析及び振動レベル分析を行い、その分析結果を図１に示す実地盤振動レベル情報ＤＢ22に記憶する。 That is, vibration acceleration data is actually measured at a construction site by actually measuring vibration acceleration using a vibration measuring instrument at a site where a building is actually constructed. Based on this data, frequency analysis and vibration level analysis are performed for each octave band, and the analysis results are stored in the actual ground vibration level information DB 22 shown in FIG.
次にステップＳ６で計算した地盤モデルと基礎構造モデルによる低減振動レベルと、ステップＳ９で計算した建築現場の実地盤上の振動レベルとを用いて、それらの組み合わせについて建築現場の実地盤に設けられた基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベルを基礎構造上の振動レベル算出部12により計算すると共に、基礎構造上の振動レベル情報ＤＢ20に記憶し（ステップＳ10）、振動レベル出力部11により表示或いはデータ出力する（ステップＳ11）。 Then a reduced vibration level by ground model and foundation structure model calculated in step S 6, by using the vibration level on the real ground of the building site calculated in step S 9, the real ground of the building site for their combinations with the vibration level of the environment vibration on provided the basic structure for calculating the vibration level calculating section 12 on the substructure, and stored in the vibration level information DB20 on the substructure (step S 10), the vibration level output portion 11 To display or output data (step S 11 ).
即ち、加速度波形の周波数分析結果に、先の解析で得られた基礎構造の仕様別振動低減率を掛け合わせるか、若しくは差分振動加速度応答レベル値を差し引くことにより、その建設地に建てられる建物の基礎構造上での振動応答予測を行う。ここで、基礎構造上とは、建物の１階床面上と同等と考えても差し支えない。基礎のみの振動低減効果を見る場合にはオクターブバンド毎の振動加速度レベルに振動感覚補正（ＪＩＳＺ ８７３５）を行った後、エネルギー合成を行う。 That is, by multiplying the frequency analysis result of the acceleration waveform by the vibration reduction rate by specification of the basic structure obtained in the previous analysis, or subtracting the differential vibration acceleration response level value, the building built in the construction site Predict vibration response on foundation structure. Here, it may be considered that the foundation structure is equivalent to the first floor surface of the building. In order to see the vibration reduction effect of only the foundation, after performing vibration sense correction (JISZ 8735) on the vibration acceleration level for each octave band, energy synthesis is performed.
例えば、振動レベル（ｄＢ）をＬとすれば、以下の数１式によりエネルギー合成を行うことが出来る。 For example, if the vibration level (dB) is L, energy synthesis can be performed by the following equation (1).
〔数１〕
Ｌ＝１０×ｌｏｇ10（１０L1/10＋１０L2/10＋…＋１０Ln/10）
[Equation 1]
L = 10 × log 10 (10 L1 / 10 +10 L2 / 10 +... +10 Ln / 10 )
基礎構造上での振動レベル計算は、実地盤上の周波数帯域毎の振動レベルと基礎構造仕様毎の低減振動レベルの組合せについて行われる。この結果を一覧表にして出力することにより振動測定時において地盤調査結果や基礎の仕様が不確定な場合でも対応出来ると共に、測定時の作業も単純化出来、紙媒体によるデータの受け渡しが可能となり、後の解析が不要となる。 The vibration level calculation on the foundation structure is performed for a combination of the vibration level for each frequency band on the actual ground and the reduced vibration level for each foundation structure specification. By outputting this result as a list, it is possible to handle even if the ground survey results and foundation specifications are uncertain during vibration measurement, simplify the work at the time of measurement, and pass data on paper media No later analysis is required.
次に、ステップＳ12において、建築現場の実地盤の地盤調査を行ってその地盤の種別から地耐力、荷重沈下量を測定し、地盤とその地盤に適用可能な基礎の組合せが情報記憶手段となる地盤と適用可能な基礎情報データベース（以下、「地盤と適用可能な基礎情報ＤＢ」という）29に記憶された、この実地盤調査データと、この実地盤に対して適用可能な基礎構造との関係から（ステップＳ13）、基礎構造モデル選択部14により、その建築現場の実地盤で適用可能な基礎構造の決定を行う（ステップＳ14）。 Next, in step S 12, bearing capacity from the type of soil performing ground survey of the real ground of the building site, to measure the load subsidence, ground and the combination information storage unit applicable foundation to the ground The actual ground survey data stored in the applicable ground information database (hereinafter referred to as “ground and applicable basic information DB”) 29 and the basic structure applicable to this actual ground From the relationship (step S 13 ), the foundation structure model selection unit 14 determines the foundation structure applicable to the actual ground of the construction site (step S 14 ).
即ち、設計者は、別途行うスウェーデン式サウンディング試験（JIS A 1221）調査等の地盤調査によるデータを基に地盤の強度と沈下量評価を評価し、建設地において選択可能な基礎の仕様を選び出すと共に、これ等の選び出された基礎のうち、振動調査データで最も振動低減率の高い基礎を選択することにより地盤の地耐力だけでなく、環境振動にも配慮した基礎を設計することが出来る。また、振動の状況についても事前に正確な評価が出来るため施工主との設計の打合せ時に具体的な説明が可能となり、施工費用と振動低減効果とを考慮した設計が可能となる。 In other words, the designer evaluates the strength and settlement of the ground based on the ground survey data such as a Swedish sounding test (JIS A 1221) survey that is conducted separately, and selects the basic specifications that can be selected at the construction site. Of these selected foundations, by selecting the foundation with the highest vibration reduction rate in the vibration survey data, it is possible to design a foundation that takes into account not only the ground strength but also environmental vibration. In addition, since the vibration status can be accurately evaluated in advance, a specific explanation can be made at the time of the design meeting with the construction owner, and the design considering the construction cost and the vibration reduction effect can be realized.
また、引き続き、建物の振動評価を行う場合には建物への入力値として、低減された基礎構造上でのオクターブバンド毎の振動加速度レベルを用い、より精確な解析を行うことも出来る。 Further, when the vibration evaluation of the building is continued, more accurate analysis can be performed by using the vibration acceleration level for each octave band on the reduced foundation structure as the input value to the building.
また、新たな仕様の基礎が追加された場合は、ＦＥＭ（Finite Element Method）解析（有限要素法）により振動特性を求め、新たな基礎仕様として追加することも可能である。また、予測されたデータについては基礎構造上の振動レベル情報ＤＢ２０に記憶しておき、建設後の測定データと比較検証することにより基礎の振動特性データをより精度の高いものへとすることが出来る。 In addition, when a new specification basis is added, vibration characteristics can be obtained by FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis (finite element method) and added as a new basic specification. Further, the predicted data is stored in the vibration level information DB 20 on the foundation structure, and the foundation vibration characteristic data can be made more accurate by comparing and verifying with the measurement data after construction. .
そして、前記ステップＳ10で求めた建築現場の地盤に設けられた基礎構造上での振動レベルと、前記ステップＳ14で決定された建築現場の実地盤で適用可能な基礎構造とを、関連付け部15により関連付けて（ステップＳ15）、関連付け情報出力部30により表示，或いはデータ出力し（ステップＳ16）、地盤と振動を考慮した建物の基礎設計を開始する（ステップＳ17）。 Then, the vibration level on the substructure provided on the ground of the building site obtained in step S 10, the applicable substructure real ground of the building site, which is determined in the step S 14, the associating unit 15 (step S 15 ), and the association information output unit 30 displays or outputs data (step S 16 ), and starts the basic design of the building considering the ground and vibration (step S 17 ).
尚、低減振動レベルを求める場合には、前述したように、各想定モデルを作成し、これを模擬波により加振して振動解析し、振動による周波数帯域毎の低減振動レベルを求める場合と、実在する極めて多数の実地盤の基礎の振動を測定し（例えば建設工事途中で測定することで良い）、このデータから振動解析して振動による周波数帯域毎の振動レベルを求め、その基礎の至近の更地の振動を測定してこのデータから振動解析して振動による周波数帯域毎の振動レベルを求め、その差データを低減振動レベルとして蓄積し、データベース化することが出来、振動結果をより正確なものとしていくことが出来る。 In addition, when obtaining a reduced vibration level, as described above, each assumed model is created, this is subjected to vibration analysis by exciting with a simulated wave, and a reduced vibration level for each frequency band due to vibration is obtained. Measure the vibration of a very large number of actual ground foundations (for example, it may be measured during construction work), analyze the vibration from this data, find the vibration level for each frequency band by vibration, and By measuring the vibration of the ground and analyzing the vibration from this data, the vibration level for each frequency band due to the vibration can be obtained, and the difference data can be accumulated as a reduced vibration level and made into a database, and the vibration result can be more accurate. It can be done.
上記構成のように、本発明の振動評価では、地盤と基礎構造の組合せ毎に低減振動レベルを評価するものであり、建物の振動特性を考慮しないため、建物の形状による振動特性の影響がなく、そのため建物の構造やプラン形状に制限を加えることもない。また、建物基礎構造は仕様の数も限られ、更に、基礎構造そのものの固有振動数は地盤の固有振動数と大きく異なるため、共振の影響を無視出来る。このため、基礎部の振動特性を評価するには、地盤の層構成や杭、基礎の仕様、規模等を幾つかに区分して組み合わせる評価を行えば良い。更にこのようにして得られた振動応答値を建物の入力値として建物躯体の評価を行えば更に正確な建物の振動評価をすることが可能となる。また、振動の入力を低減することが可能であるため建物躯体に対して特別な設計を行う必要がなくなる場合も期待出来る。 As described above, in the vibration evaluation of the present invention, the reduced vibration level is evaluated for each combination of the ground and the foundation structure, and the vibration characteristics of the building are not considered, so there is no influence of the vibration characteristics due to the shape of the building. Therefore, there are no restrictions on the structure of the building or the plan shape. In addition, the number of specifications of the building foundation structure is limited, and furthermore, the natural frequency of the foundation structure itself is significantly different from the natural frequency of the ground, so the influence of resonance can be ignored. For this reason, in order to evaluate the vibration characteristics of the foundation part, it is only necessary to divide and combine the ground layer configuration, piles, foundation specifications, scales, and the like. Furthermore, if the building frame is evaluated using the vibration response value thus obtained as the input value of the building, it is possible to more accurately evaluate the vibration of the building. Moreover, since it is possible to reduce the input of vibration, it can be expected that there is no need to make a special design for the building frame.
これにより、簡易な構成で基礎構造の仕様毎の振動防止特性の評価方法を確立することが出来、地盤の強度と地盤沈下の防止と環境振動を考慮した適正な基礎を設計することが出来、環境振動に対して過剰な基礎設計とならない。 This makes it possible to establish an evaluation method for vibration prevention characteristics for each specification of the foundation structure with a simple configuration, and to design an appropriate foundation considering the strength of the ground, prevention of ground subsidence, and environmental vibration, It is not an excessive foundation design against environmental vibration.
環境振動に対する基礎の防振効果を定量的に評価出来ると共に、地盤の強度と沈下量と環境振動において最も効果の高い基礎の仕様を選択することが可能となる。また、その都度振動データを蓄積することが出来、振動予測結果をより正確なものとしていくことが出来る。特に軟弱な地盤においては環境振動が問題となるケースが多く見られるが、このような地盤においても地盤の強度と沈下量と環境振動を考慮した基礎を設計することが出来る。 It is possible to quantitatively evaluate the anti-vibration effect of the foundation against environmental vibration, and to select the foundation specifications that are most effective in ground strength, subsidence, and environmental vibration. Moreover, vibration data can be accumulated each time, and the vibration prediction result can be made more accurate. Especially in soft ground, there are many cases where environmental vibration becomes a problem. Even in such ground, it is possible to design a foundation in consideration of the strength of the ground, the amount of settlement and environmental vibration.
評価の対象として基礎部のみをモデル化するため建物の構造やプラン形状に関係なく、基礎制振効果の評価が可能であり、木造、鉄骨等の建物の構造やプラン形状に関係なく設計が出来ると共に、モデルを単純化することが出来、また、建設地毎に地盤の特性の個別モデルを作成する必要がないため簡易で広い応用が可能である。 Since only the foundation part is modeled as the object of evaluation, it is possible to evaluate the basic damping effect regardless of the structure or plan shape of the building, and design can be performed regardless of the structure or plan shape of the building such as wooden or steel frame. At the same time, the model can be simplified, and it is not necessary to create an individual model of the characteristics of the ground for each construction site, so that simple and wide application is possible.
また、物件毎の精細な振動応答解析を行う必要がないため戸建て住宅等のような小規模物件に適した評価が出来る。特にプレハブ住宅等の規格化された工業化住宅については各仕様が明確に定められているため基礎モデル化が容易に出来、単純なモデルにおいても精度の高い解析が可能である。 Moreover, since it is not necessary to perform detailed vibration response analysis for each property, evaluation suitable for small-scale properties such as detached houses can be performed. Especially for standardized industrialized houses such as prefabricated houses, the specifications are clearly defined so that a basic model can be easily created, and even a simple model can be analyzed with high accuracy.
建物をモデル化する場合は、構造が同じでも壁の配置や建物形状が異なると振動特性が大きく変わる。そのため、一つのモデルにおいて多数物件についての振動解析を行うことは不可能である。それに対して基礎については建物形状による差を受け難く、各仕様について１つのモデルにおいての運用が可能となる。 When modeling a building, even if the structure is the same, the vibration characteristics change greatly if the wall layout or building shape is different. Therefore, it is impossible to perform vibration analysis for many properties in one model. On the other hand, the foundation is hardly affected by the difference in building shape, and each specification can be operated in one model.
本発明の活用例として、住宅基礎構造による低減振動レベル予測方法及びこれを利用した環境振動レベル予測方法及びこれを利用した基礎設計支援方法、更には住宅基礎構造による低減振動レベル予測装置及びこれを利用した環境振動レベル予測装置及びこれを利用した基礎設計支援装置に適用出来る。 As an application example of the present invention, a reduced vibration level prediction method using a house foundation structure, an environmental vibration level prediction method using the same, a basic design support method using the method, and a reduced vibration level prediction apparatus using a house foundation structure and the same The present invention can be applied to the environmental vibration level prediction device used and the basic design support device using the same.
１…コンピュータシステム
２…入力部
３…制御部
４…モデル情報記憶部
５…演算部
６…出力部
７…基礎構造モデル情報ＤＢ
８…地盤モデル情報ＤＢ
９…モデル組み合わせ部
10…低減振動レベル算出部
11…低減振動レベル出力部
12…基礎構造上の振動レベル算出部
13…基礎構造上の振動レベル出力部
14…基礎構造モデル選択部
15…関連付け部
16…解析部
17…振動解析部
18…算出結果情報記憶部
19…低減振動レベル情報ＤＢ
20…基礎構造上の振動レベル情報ＤＢ
21…解析モデル情報ＤＢ
22…実地盤振動レベル情報ＤＢ
23…軟弱層
24…支持層
25…適用可能基礎情報記憶部
26…記憶部
27…演算部
28…実地盤振動レベル算出部
29…地盤と適用可能な基礎情報ＤＢ
30…関連付け情報出力部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Computer system 2 ... Input part 3 ... Control part 4 ... Model information storage part 5 ... Calculation part 6 ... Output part 7 ... Basic structure model information DB
8 ... Ground model information DB
9 ... Model combination part
10 ... Reduced vibration level calculator
11 ... Reduced vibration level output section
12… Vibration level calculator on the foundation structure
13… Vibration level output section on the basic structure
14… Basic structure model selection part
15 ... Association
16 ... analysis section
17 ... Vibration analysis unit
18 ... Calculation result information storage unit
19 ... Reduced vibration level information DB
20 ... DB level vibration information DB
21 ... Analysis model information DB
22 ... Ground vibration level information DB
23 ... Soft layer
24 ... Support layer
25… Applicable basic information storage
26… Memory part
27 ... Calculation unit
28… Real ground vibration level calculator
29… Ground and applicable basic information DB
30 ... Association information output section
Claims (6)
前記基礎構造モデルと、前記地盤モデルとの組み合わせ毎に地盤振動による該基礎構造モデル上での環境振動の低減振動レベルを求めることを特徴とする低減振動レベル予測方法。 Multiple types of basic structure models that are assumed to be applicable for the specified industrialized housing, and multiple types of ground models that are supposed to be residential land for middle and low-rise housing,
A reduced vibration level prediction method, wherein a reduced vibration level of environmental vibration on the foundation structure model due to ground vibration is obtained for each combination of the foundation structure model and the ground model.
中低層住宅用宅地となり得ると想定された地盤モデル情報を記憶する地盤モデル情報記憶手段と、
前記基礎構造モデル情報記憶手段に記憶された基礎構造モデル情報と、前記地盤モデル情報記憶手段に記憶された地盤モデル情報との組み合わせ毎に振動解析し、組み合わせ毎に地盤振動に対する基礎構造モデル上での基礎構造モデルによる環境振動の低減振動レベルを求める低減振動レベル算出手段と、
前記低減振動レベル算出手段により算出された低減振動レベル情報を記憶する低減振動レベル情報記憶手段と、
前記低減振動レベル算出手段により算出された低減振動レベル情報を出力する低減振動レベル出力手段と、
を有することを特徴とする低減振動レベル予測装置。 Foundation structure model information storage means for storing foundation structure model information assumed to be applicable for a defined industrialized house;
A ground model information storage means for storing ground model information that is assumed to be a residential land for middle and low-rise housing;
Vibration analysis is performed for each combination of the basic structure model information stored in the basic structure model information storage means and the ground model information stored in the ground model information storage means, and on the basic structure model for ground vibration for each combination. A reduced vibration level calculating means for obtaining a reduced vibration level of environmental vibration based on a foundation structure model of
Reduced vibration level information storing means for storing reduced vibration level information calculated by the reduced vibration level calculating means;
Reduced vibration level output means for outputting reduced vibration level information calculated by the reduced vibration level calculating means;
A reduced vibration level prediction apparatus characterized by comprising:
前記振動レベル算出手段により算出された、建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベル情報を記憶する振動レベル情報記憶手段と、
前記振動レベル算出手段により算出された環境振動の振動レベル情報を出力する振動レベル出力手段と、
を有することを特徴とする環境振動レベル予測装置。 The vibration level information of the ground obtained by measuring the vibration of the ground due to the environmental vibration on the ground of the building site and analyzing the measurement result, and the reduction of the environmental vibration obtained by the reduced vibration level prediction apparatus according to claim 4 Vibration level calculation means for obtaining the vibration level of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the building site based on the vibration level information;
Vibration level information storage means for storing vibration level information of environmental vibrations on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the building site, calculated by the vibration level calculation means;
Vibration level output means for outputting vibration level information of the environmental vibration calculated by the vibration level calculation means;
An environmental vibration level prediction apparatus characterized by comprising:
前記基礎構造モデル選択手段により選択された基礎構造モデルについて請求項５に記載の環境振動レベル予測装置により求められた建築現場の地盤に設置される基礎構造上での環境振動の振動レベル情報を該基礎構造モデル情報と関連付けて出力する出力手段と、
を有することを特徴とする基礎設計支援装置。 A foundation structure model selection means for selecting a foundation structure model applicable to the ground from information obtained by conducting a ground survey on the ground of the construction site;
The vibration level information of the environmental vibration on the foundation structure installed on the ground of the building site obtained by the environmental vibration level prediction device according to claim 5 for the foundation structure model selected by the foundation structure model selection means. An output means for outputting in association with the basic structure model information;
A basic design support apparatus characterized by comprising:
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