JP4759738B2 - Rotor blade mechanism, moving body using the rotor blade mechanism, and generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotary blade mechanism, a moving body using the rotary blade mechanism, and a generator.

  As a rotary blade mechanism for converting wind power or hydraulic power into electric power, a vertical rotary blade mechanism in which a main shaft that is a rotation center of the blade is provided vertically is known. Further, this rotary blade mechanism may be applied to a moving body that moves in the air or water with the main shaft provided horizontally.

  In this type of rotor blade mechanism, in order to efficiently convert the force obtained from the fluid into rotational force, or to efficiently convert the power into propulsive force, the lift generated on the blade is increased as much as possible, and the drag is reduced as much as possible. There is a need to.

  Therefore, the inventor of the present application first attaches a wing in a rotatable manner between two link members whose rotation centers are eccentric from each other, and changes the angle of attack of the wing by rotating these link members. A rotating blade mechanism (Patent Document 1) was proposed.

In addition, a rotating blade mechanism that changes the angle of attack of the blade by changing the angle of attack of the blade by guiding the blade along a closed locus. Reference 2) was also proposed.
JP 2005-53347 A Description and drawings attached to the application for Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-028877

  However, in the power generation device, further improvement in conversion efficiency is required, and in a mobile object, it has been difficult to realize air flight or the like unless the conversion efficiency is further improved.

  In order to further improve the conversion efficiency, it is conceivable to increase the rotation speed of the blade when the attack angle of the blade increases, and to decrease the rotation speed of the blade when the attack angle of the blade decreases. The rotary blade mechanisms of Patent Documents 1 and 2 have not been considered in this regard.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rotary blade mechanism that can increase the lift force and reduce the drag force by simultaneously changing the angle of attack and the rotation speed of the blade. It is said.

  In order to achieve the above object, a rotating blade mechanism according to the present invention comprises a main shaft, a rotating body rotatable around the axis of the main shaft, and a plurality of link members combined in a pantograph shape. A pantograph link attached to the main shaft so as to expand and contract in a radial direction, a wing attached to the link member so that a chord thereof is parallel to the main shaft and a longitudinal direction of the link member, and the rotating body And a pantograph link driving means for expanding and contracting the pantograph link in accordance with rotation of the pantograph link so that the resultant force of the fluid force generated in the blades is directed in a specific direction while the rotating body makes one rotation around the axis of the main shaft. It is characterized by that.

  The moving body according to the present invention includes the rotary blade mechanism, and is configured to move with a propulsive force generated by rotationally driving the rotary blade mechanism.

  The generator according to the present invention includes the rotary blade mechanism, and is characterized in that power generation is performed with a rotational force generated by the rotary blade mechanism rotating with a force applied from a fluid.

  In the rotary blade mechanism of the present invention, when the angle of attack of the blade increases, the rotational radius (speed) of the blade increases, and when the angle of attack of the blade decreases, the rotational radius of the blade decreases. As well as reducing drag. Therefore, power can be efficiently converted into lift, or force applied from the fluid can be efficiently converted into rotational force.

  Moreover, the moving body using the rotary blade mechanism of the present invention can obtain a high driving force by reducing the power consumption.

  Moreover, the generator using the rotary blade mechanism of the present invention can efficiently convert the force applied from the fluid into electric power.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partially omitted front view of the rotor blade mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the rotor blade mechanism of FIG.

  In the present embodiment, a case where the rotary wing mechanism 1 is applied to a moving object flying in the air, that is, a case where the main shaft that is the rotation center of the wing is provided horizontally will be described. Needless to say, it can be applied to the machine.

  This rotary blade mechanism 1 uses a slider crank mechanism, and as shown in FIG. 2, has a main shaft 3 supported at one end so as not to rotate and rotate horizontally on a support plate 2 arranged vertically. A motor 4 is attached to the support plate 2, and a first gear 5 is fixed to the tip of the rotating shaft. The first gear 5 meshes with a second gear 6 concentrically fixed to a slider wheel 7 described later.

  An annular slider wheel 7 is supported at an intermediate portion of the main shaft 3 by an appropriate mechanism such as a bearing so as to be rotatable and not moved in the axial direction. The slider wheel 7 is composed of a large-diameter portion and a small-diameter portion. The outer peripheral portion of the large-diameter portion is provided with a predetermined angular interval around the main shaft 3 as shown in FIG. One end of a plurality of prismatic slider cranks 8 (rotating bodies) extending radially outward is fixed. These slider cranks 8 are formed of a highly rigid material that does not substantially deform.

  One end of a first support shaft 9 extending in parallel with the main shaft 3 is fixed to an intermediate portion of the front surface of each slider crank 8. Each slider crank 8 is provided with a groove 8a extending in the longitudinal direction from the portion close to the first support shaft 9 toward the tip. A slider 10 (see FIG. 2) is slidably engaged with the groove 8a, and one end of a second support shaft 11 extending in parallel with the main shaft 3 is fixed to the front surface of the slider 10. .

  One end of a belt-like fixed node 12 protruding toward the outer side in the radial direction is fixed to the distal end portion of the main shaft 3. One end of a follower shaft 13 extending in parallel with the main shaft 3 is fixed to the distal end portion of the fixed node 12. An annular follower wheel 14 is supported at the tip of the follower shaft 13 by an appropriate mechanism such as a bearing so as to be rotatable and not moved in the axial direction.

  One end of a plurality of follower cranks 15 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the follower wheel 14 at a predetermined angular interval around the follower shaft 13 and extending radially outward in the radial direction of the follower shaft 13. Is fixed. The other end of each follower crank 15 is rotatably connected to the slider 10 via the second support shaft 11. These follower cranks 15 are formed of a highly rigid material that does not substantially deform.

  A pantograph link 16 is attached to each slider crank 8. As shown in FIG. 1, the pantograph link 16 includes a plurality of link members 16a arranged in parallel to each other, and a plurality of link members extending in a direction intersecting with the link members 16a and arranged in parallel to each other. 16b is combined in a parallelogram shape, and the intersection of the link members 16a and 16b is rotatably connected by a pin (not shown), and is in the longitudinal direction of the slider crank 8 (the radial direction of the main shaft 3). It is telescopic. These link members 16a and 16b are formed of a highly rigid material that does not substantially deform.

  The connecting point (hereinafter referred to as the first section) of the link member 16a, 16b closest to the main shaft 3 in the pantograph link 16 is supported by the first support shaft 9, and these link members 16a, A connecting point (hereinafter referred to as a second section) in the center of the link members 16 a and 16 b adjacent to 16 b is supported by the second support shaft 11.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the link member 16a has a rectangular plate-shaped wing 19 parallel to the main shaft 3 and a chord of the link member 16a on the front side and the back side via bones 18 extending in the front-rear direction. It is attached in the longitudinal direction. The blade 19 is made of a material that is relatively light and has high strength.

  When the motor 4 is driven in the rotor blade mechanism 1 configured as described above, the slider wheel 7 is rotated via the gears 5 and 6, and the plurality of slider cranks 8 attached to the outer periphery thereof are shown by arrows in FIG. Rotate in the direction.

  At this time, since the first support shaft 9 is fixed to the slider crank 8, the first support shaft 9 moves along a circular first locus T <b> 1 centering on the main shaft 3. On the other hand, since the second support shaft 11 is attached to one end of a follower crank 15 that is rotatable around the follower shaft 13, a second locus T2 having a circular shape centering on the follower shaft 13 is provided. Move along.

  Since the second trajectory T2 is eccentric with respect to the first trajectory T1, the second support shaft 11 moves away from or approaches the first support shaft 9 as the slider crank 8 rotates. . Therefore, the pantograph link 16 supported by the first support shaft 9 and the second support shaft 11 expands and contracts in the radial direction of the main shaft 3.

  As a result, the angle of attack of the blade 19 supported by the link member 16a changes and the aerodynamic force generated in the blade 19 changes, so that the resultant force of the aerodynamic force generated in the blade 19 during one revolution of the slider crank 8 is specified. Can be directed. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, ascending force can be obtained by making the main shaft 3 horizontal so that the angle of attack when the blade 19 is swung down is large and the angle of attack when swinging up is small.

  It should be noted that the pantograph link 16 is most contracted when the slider crank 8 is rotated by approximately 180 ° from the position where the pantograph link 16 is most extended on the first trajectory T1. As the angle becomes maximum and the rotation radius (ie, speed) of the blade 19 becomes maximum, the upward aerodynamic force (ascending force) generated in the blade 19 increases, and when the blade 19 is swung up, the angle of attack and the rotation radius of the blade 19 are increased. Since the distance is minimized, the downward aerodynamic force (drag) generated in the wing 19 is reduced. Accordingly, a large ascending force can be obtained and wasteful energy consumption can be reduced, so that the power of the motor 4 can be efficiently converted into the ascending force.

  In addition to changing the blade width and chord length of the blade 19 supported by the pantograph link 16, the propulsive force can be changed by changing the number of blades 19, and the degree of freedom in design is high. Has the advantage.

  Furthermore, since the angle of attack and the rotation radius of the wing 19 are controlled using the mechanism element, the structure is compared with the case where the angle of attack and the rotation radius of the wing 19 are controlled by an external element such as an actuator. It has the advantages of being simple and low in cost and having high operation accuracy.

  Then, by changing the position of the follower shaft 13 relative to the main shaft 3 with an appropriate mechanism, the direction of the resultant force generated by the blades 19 changes, so that the resultant force can be directed in an arbitrary direction.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a partially omitted front view of the rotor blade mechanism according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  The rotary blade mechanism 21 of the present embodiment uses both crank mechanisms, and includes a main shaft 22 supported at one end so as not to rotate and rotate horizontally on a support plate (not shown) arranged vertically.

  An annular wheel 23 is supported at an intermediate portion of the main shaft 22 by an appropriate mechanism such as a bearing so as to be rotatable and not moved in the axial direction. Since the motor, gears, and the like for rotating the wheel 23 are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  A plurality of prismatic main cranks 24 (rotating bodies) are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the wheel 23 at predetermined angular intervals around the main shaft 22 and extend radially outward in the radial direction of the main shaft 22. One end of is fixed. These main cranks 24 are made of a highly rigid material that does not substantially deform.

  One end of a first support shaft 25 extending in parallel with the main shaft 22 is fixed to an intermediate portion of the front surface of each main crank 24. One end of a rotating shaft 26 extending in parallel with the main shaft 22 is fixed to the front end portion of each main crank 24.

  One end of a belt-like fixed node 27 protruding toward the outside in the radial direction is fixed to the distal end portion of the main shaft 22. One end of a follower shaft 28 extending in parallel with the main shaft 22 is fixed to the distal end portion of the fixed node 27. An annular follower wheel 29 is supported at the tip of the follower shaft 28 by an appropriate mechanism such as a bearing so as to be rotatable and not move in the axial direction.

  One end of a plurality of follower cranks 30 that are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the follower wheel 29 at a predetermined angular interval around the follower shaft 28 and extend radially outward in the radial direction of the follower shaft 28. Is fixed. One end of a second support shaft 31 extending in parallel with the main shaft 22 is fixed to the distal end portion of each follower crank 30. These follower cranks 30 are made of a highly rigid material that does not substantially deform.

  One end of a coupler link 32 is rotatably connected to each second support shaft 31, and the other end of the coupler link 32 is rotatably connected to a rotary shaft 26. These coupler links 32 are formed of a highly rigid material that does not substantially deform.

  Although not shown, the first support shaft 25 supports the first node of the pantograph link 16 shown in FIG. 1, and the second support shaft 31 supports the second node of the pantograph link 16. .

  In the rotor blade mechanism 21 configured as described above, when the motor is driven, the wheel 23 rotates through the gears, and the plurality of main cranks 24 attached to the outer peripheral portion rotate around the main shaft 22 in the direction of the arrow. To do.

  At this time, since the first support shaft 25 is fixed to the main crank 24, the first support shaft 25 moves along a circular first trajectory T3 centering on the main shaft 22. On the other hand, since the second support shaft 31 is provided at one end of the follower crank 30 that is rotatable around the follower shaft 28, the second support shaft 31 has a circular second locus T4 centered on the follower shaft 28. Move along.

  The second trajectory T4 is eccentric with respect to the first trajectory T3, and the second support shaft 31 moves away from or approaches the first support shaft 25 as the main crank 24 rotates. Therefore, the pantograph link supported by the first support shaft 25 and the second support shaft 31 expands and contracts in the radial direction of the main shaft 22.

  Thereby, since the angle of attack and the turning radius of the blade attached to the pantograph link change, the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a partially omitted front view of the rotary blade mechanism according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  The rotary blade mechanism 41 of the present embodiment uses a rail slider mechanism, and includes a main shaft 42 supported at one end so as not to rotate and rotate horizontally on a support plate (not shown) arranged vertically.

  An annular slider wheel 43 is supported at an intermediate portion of the main shaft 42 by an appropriate mechanism such as a bearing so as to be rotatable and not moved in the axial direction. Since the motor, gears, and the like that rotate the slider wheel 43 are the same as those in the first embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted.

  The outer periphery of the slider wheel 43 is provided with a plurality of prism-shaped slider cranks 44 (rotating bodies) provided at predetermined angular intervals around the main shaft 42 and extending radially outward in the radial direction of the main shaft 42. ) Is fixed at one end. These slider cranks 44 are formed of a highly rigid material that does not substantially deform.

  One end of a first support shaft 45 extending in parallel with the main shaft 42 is fixed to an intermediate portion of the front surface of each slider crank 44. Each slider crank 44 is provided with a groove 44a extending in the longitudinal direction from a portion close to the first support shaft 45 toward the tip. A slider 46 is slidably engaged with the groove 44 a, and one end of a second support shaft 47 extending in parallel with the main shaft 42 is fixed to the front surface of the slider 46.

  The slider 46 is slidably engaged with an annular rail 48. The rail 48 is an endless shape formed of a strip-shaped member having excellent slidability, and has a non-circular shape.

  Although not shown, the first support shaft 45 supports the first node of the pantograph link 16 shown in FIG. 1 and the second support shaft 47 supports the second node of the pantograph link 16. Yes.

  When the motor is driven in the rotor blade mechanism 41 configured as described above, the slider wheel 43 rotates via the gear, and a plurality of slider cranks 44 attached to the outer peripheral portion of the rotating blade mechanism 41 around the main shaft 43 in the direction of the arrow. Rotate.

  At this time, since the first support shaft 45 is fixed to the slider crank 44, the first support shaft 45 moves along a circular first trajectory T5 centering on the main shaft 43. On the other hand, the second support shaft 47 moves along a second locus T6 along the rail 48.

  Since the second trajectory T6 is non-circular, the second support shaft 47 moves away from or approaches the first support shaft 45 as the slider crank 44 rotates. Therefore, the pantograph link supported by the first support shaft 45 and the second support shaft 47 expands and contracts in the radial direction of the main shaft 42.

  Thereby, since the angle of attack and the turning radius of the wing attached to the pantograph link change, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained.

  In the case of the present embodiment, since the second trajectory T6 can be set to an arbitrary shape, the attack angle and the rotation speed of the wing can be finely set to be optimal according to the rotation angle. Therefore, there is an advantage that the rotational force of the motor can be converted into the propulsive force more efficiently.

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. 5 is a perspective view of a moving body provided with a rotary blade mechanism having the same structure as that of the first embodiment, FIG. 6 is a side view of the moving body of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of the moving body of FIG. .

  The moving body 51 has a body 52 formed in an H shape. The airframe 52 is formed of a highly rigid material that does not substantially deform, and a pair of horizontal beams 52a and 52a that are arranged to face each other at intervals in the horizontal direction, and a connection that connects these central portions to each other. It consists of a beam 52b.

  A rotating blade mechanism 53 having the same structure as that of the first embodiment is attached to both ends of each horizontal beam 52a. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part corresponding to 1st Embodiment in this rotary blade mechanism 53, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. The rotary blade mechanism 53 includes five pantograph links 16.

  When there is one rotary blade mechanism 53, a force in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the pantograph link 16 acts on the airframe 52, and the airframe 52 rotates in the vertical plane. Therefore, by arranging another rotary blade mechanism 53 back to back on one rotary blade mechanism 53, this force can be offset and rotation in the vertical plane can be prevented.

  However, the force that rotates in the horizontal plane is generated in the airframe 52 only by the two rotary blade mechanisms 53. Therefore, two rotary blade mechanisms 53 arranged back to back are provided to cancel this force. Therefore, a total of four rotary blade mechanisms 53 are provided.

  In this moving body 51, the angle of attack and the speed are increased when the wing 19 is swung down, and the angle of attack and the speed are decreased when the wing 19 is swung up.

  In addition, since the direction of the resultant force generated by the rotary blade mechanism 53 can be changed by changing the position of the follower shaft 13 with respect to the main shaft 3 shown in FIG. 6 by an actuator, it is possible to move in any direction. And agile movement is possible.

  For example, when the helicopter moves forward, it is necessary to fly with the front side of the fuselage lowered, but in the case of this moving body 51, the rear side of the fuselage 52 is lowered or the fuselage 52 is in a vertical state. But progress is possible. That is, it can move in a desired direction regardless of the attitude of the body 52. Also, hovering flight and low speed flight that stop in the air are possible.

  Therefore, it can be said that it is particularly effective in a place where such agility is particularly required (for example, a disaster area).

  In addition, the moving body of such a structure can be applied not only to a thing that moves in the air but also to a thing that moves in water.

  Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. 8 is a perspective view of a generator having a rotor blade mechanism having the same structure as that of the first embodiment, FIG. 9 is a side view of the generator of FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a plan view of the generator of FIG. .

  This generator 81 generates power by wind power, and has a base 82 formed in a columnar shape or the like, and on the upper surface thereof, a rotor blade having a structure similar to that of the rotor blade mechanism of the first embodiment. The mechanism 83 is attached so that the main shaft 3 is vertical. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part corresponding to 1st Embodiment in this rotary blade mechanism 83, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. The rotary blade mechanism 83 includes five pantograph links 16. The slider wheel 7 is connected to a converter (not shown) that converts the rotational force of the slider wheel 7 into electric power instead of the motor.

  Since the angle of attack of the blade 19 varies depending on the rotation angle, the rotary blade mechanism 83 can generate power by converting wind power into rotational force when the blade 19 hits the wind from one direction.

As shown in FIG. 10, a sensor 84 for detecting the wind direction is provided, and the position of the follower shaft 13 relative to the main shaft 3 is changed by the actuator 85 according to the wind direction, so that the blade 19 rotates in the wind flow direction. In addition, efficient power generation can be performed by increasing the angle of attack and speed of the blade 19.

  Such a structure can be applied not only to the power generation by wind power but also to the power generation by other fluid power (for example, hydropower).

  As mentioned above, although one embodiment of the present invention has been described with specific examples, the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in each of the above embodiments, and each of the above is within the scope of the present invention. Various modifications can be made to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a partially omitted front view of the rotary blade mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of the rotary blade mechanism of FIG. It is a partially-omission front view of the rotary blade mechanism which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a partially-omission front view of the rotary blade mechanism which is the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the moving body which is the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the moving body of FIG. It is a top view of the moving body of FIG. It is a perspective view of the generator which is the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the generator of FIG. It is a top view of the generator of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Rotating blade mechanism 3 Spindle 8 Slider crank (Rotating body)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Slider 13 Follower shaft 15 Follower crank 16 Pantograph link 19 Blade 21 Rotary blade mechanism 22 Main shaft 28 Follower shaft 30 Follower crank 32 Coupler link 41 Rotary blade mechanism 42 Main shaft 46 Slider 48 Rail 51 Moving body 53 Rotary blade mechanism 81 Generator 83 Rotor blade mechanism

Claims (6)

  A main shaft, a rotating body rotatable around the axis of the main shaft, a pantograph link formed by combining a plurality of link members in a pantograph shape, and attached to the rotating body so as to be extendable in the radial direction of the main shaft; Wings attached to the link member so that the chord is parallel to the main axis and the longitudinal direction of the link member, and pantograph link driving means for expanding and contracting the pantograph link as the rotating body rotates. And a rotating blade mechanism characterized in that a resultant force of fluid force generated in the blade during one rotation of the rotating body around the axis of the main shaft is directed in a specific direction.   The pantograph driving means is slidably mounted on the rotating body so as to approach and separate from the main shaft, and is fixedly disposed at a position eccentric to the main shaft, and is parallel to the main shaft. One end of the follower shaft is pivotally supported by the follower shaft, extends radially outward of the follower shaft, and the other end rotates about an axis parallel to the main shaft with respect to the slider. A follower crank that is movably connected, and the pantograph link includes a connection point between the follower crank and the slider, and a fulcrum set at a position inside the slider on the rotating body. 2. The rotary blade mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the rotary blade mechanism is supported so as to extend and contract at two points.   The pantograph driving means is fixedly arranged at a position eccentric with respect to the main shaft, a follower shaft parallel to the main shaft, and one end pivotally supported by the follower shaft, and the diameter of the follower shaft. A follower crank extending outward in the direction, one end of the follower crank is connected to the other end of the follower crank so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the main shaft, and the other end is connected to the tip of the rotating body. A coupler link rotatably connected about an axis parallel to the main shaft, and the pantograph link is set at a connection point between the follower crank and the coupler link and at an intermediate portion on the rotating body. 2. The rotary blade mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the rotary blade mechanism is pivotally supported at two points with respect to the fulcrum.   The pantograph driving means includes a slider slidably mounted on the rotating body so as to approach and separate from the main shaft, and the slider along a closed non-circular locus around the main shaft. The pantograph link expands and contracts at two points: a fulcrum set on the slider and a fulcrum set on the inner side of the slider on the rotating body. The rotary blade mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the rotary blade mechanism is freely pivotally supported.   A moving body comprising the rotor blade mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the rotor is moved by a propulsive force generated by rotationally driving the rotor blade mechanism.   A generator comprising the rotary blade mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the power generation is performed with a rotational force generated by rotating the rotary blade mechanism with a force applied from a fluid.

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