JP4745771B2 - Temperature control method for heated object - Google Patents

Temperature control method for heated object Download PDF

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JP4745771B2
JP4745771B2 JP2005266333A JP2005266333A JP4745771B2 JP 4745771 B2 JP4745771 B2 JP 4745771B2 JP 2005266333 A JP2005266333 A JP 2005266333A JP 2005266333 A JP2005266333 A JP 2005266333A JP 4745771 B2 JP4745771 B2 JP 4745771B2
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temperature
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靖夫 中村
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Tokuyama Corp
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Description

本発明は被加熱体の温度制御方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a temperature control method for an object to be heated.

従来より被加熱体中を流れるか乃至は被加熱体中に存在する物質、例えば流体を加熱する装置が知られている。図４はコイルと流体の関係を示す図である。図において、１は被加熱体、２は被加熱体１の内表面、３は該被加熱体１の中を流れる流体である。流体は、気体、液体の何れであってもよい。また、流れない物質であってもよい。４は被加熱体１の外周に巻回された誘導加熱用のコイルである。このように構成された装置において、コイル４に高周波の電流を流すと誘導加熱により被加熱体１が加熱され、被加熱体１内部を流れる流体３は、被加熱体１からの伝熱により温度が上昇する。本発明は、この流体３の被加熱体の温度を温度制御するシステムに関するものである。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a device that heats a substance that flows in a heated body or exists in the heated body, for example, a fluid is known. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the coil and the fluid. In the figure, 1 is a heated body, 2 is an inner surface of the heated body 1, and 3 is a fluid flowing through the heated body 1. The fluid may be either gas or liquid. Moreover, the substance which does not flow may be sufficient. Reference numeral 4 denotes an induction heating coil wound around the outer periphery of the body 1 to be heated. In the apparatus configured as described above, when a high-frequency current is passed through the coil 4, the heated body 1 is heated by induction heating, and the fluid 3 flowing inside the heated body 1 is heated by heat transfer from the heated body 1. Rises. The present invention relates to a system for controlling the temperature of the heated object of the fluid 3.

従来の温度制御では、被加熱体の温度が上昇または下降した現象が生じて初めて、各加熱手段の制御（例えば電源のオン／オフ動作、ＰＩＤ動作等）を行ない、被加熱体を目標の温度にするという方法が採られていた。この方法は、各加熱手段がお互いに影響を与えることが少ない場合には、非常に優れた手段である（例えば非特許文献１参照）。
理化工業株式会社、“温度制御の手引き”、「ｏｎｌｉｎｅ」、「平成１７年９月２日検索」、インターネット〈ＵＲＬ：http://www.rkcinst.co.jp/ondo-j.htm〉 In the conventional temperature control, each heating means is controlled (for example, power ON / OFF operation, PID operation, etc.) only after the phenomenon that the temperature of the heated object rises or falls, and the heated object is set to the target temperature. The method of making was adopted. This method is a very excellent means when the heating means hardly affect each other (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
Rika Kogyo Co., “Temperature Control Guide”, “online”, “September 2, 2005 search”, Internet <URL: http://www.rkcinst.co.jp/ondo-j.htm>

しかしながら、前記した従来装置の温度制御では、高周波加熱、特に複数のコイルを使用して被加熱体を加熱するに際し、被加熱体の一部の温度を上昇又は下降するため、加熱手段の制御、即ち、被加熱体の温度を変更しようとする部分を主に加熱しているコイルの電圧を変えてしまうと、その前後の被加熱体の部分において温度変化が大きくなるという問題があった。また、特に、流体が被加熱体中で流動する場合には、流体自体の温度が、被加熱体の内表面の温度に影響を与えるため、更に温度変化が大きくなるという問題があった。   However, in the above-described temperature control of the conventional apparatus, when heating the object to be heated using high frequency heating, particularly using a plurality of coils, the temperature of a part of the object to be heated is increased or decreased. That is, if the voltage of the coil that mainly heats the portion to be heated is changed, there is a problem that the temperature change becomes large in the portion of the heated body before and after that. In particular, when the fluid flows in the heated body, the temperature of the fluid itself affects the temperature of the inner surface of the heated body, so that there is a problem that the temperature change is further increased.

本発明者らの検討によると、例えば被加熱体の一部の温度を高めるために、その部分を主に加熱できるコイルの電圧だけ高くすると、そのコイルの電圧が変化することによって、前後のコイルに影響を与えることがわかった。つまり、一つのコイルの電圧を変化させると、前後のコイルとの相互誘導が発生し、それに伴い各コイルに流れる電流が変化し、被加熱体を目標の温度とすることができないということが分かった。   According to the study by the present inventors, for example, in order to increase the temperature of a part of the object to be heated, when the voltage of the coil that can mainly heat the part is increased, the voltage of the coil changes, so It was found to affect the. That is, when the voltage of one coil is changed, mutual induction with the front and rear coils occurs, and the current flowing through each coil changes accordingly, and it is understood that the object to be heated cannot be set to the target temperature. It was.

そのため、複数のコイルにより被加熱体を加熱するに際し、各コイルにおける１Ｖ当たりの被加熱体の温度変化率を係数として、係数行列の逆行列と定数項列の積を算出することにより、各コイルにおける変更電圧を求め、この変更電圧に従い、各コイルの電圧を変更することにより、被加熱体の温度制御を精密に行なうことを見いだした。   Therefore, when heating the object to be heated by a plurality of coils, by calculating the product of the inverse matrix of the coefficient matrix and the constant term sequence using the temperature change rate of the object to be heated per 1 V in each coil as a coefficient, It has been found that the temperature of the object to be heated is precisely controlled by obtaining the change voltage in, and changing the voltage of each coil in accordance with the change voltage.

本発明はこのような課題に鑑みてなされたものであって、被加熱体の温度制御を精密に行なうことができる被加熱体の温度制御方法を提供することを目的としている。   This invention is made | formed in view of such a subject, Comprising: It aims at providing the temperature control method of the to-be-heated body which can perform the temperature control of a to-be-heated body precisely.

複数のコイルを使用して誘導加熱により被加熱体を加熱する装置において、被加熱体の内表面の現状温度から温度を変更するに際し、被加熱体の目標温度と現状温度との温度差を決定する工程１と、コイルを巻回している被加熱体を複数のゾーンに分け、各ゾーンに対するコイル毎に電圧を変化させ、各ゾーンにおいて、電圧を変化させる前の内表面の現状温度と電圧を変化させた際の温度とから温度変化値を求め、この温度変化値から各コイルにおける１Ｖ当たりの各ゾーンにおける被加熱体の内表面の温度変化率を求める工程２と、この温度変化率を係数とし、この係数と前記工程１で決定した温度差との連立１次方程式から各コイルにおける変更電圧を算出する工程３と、算出した各コイルにおける変更電圧を元に、各コイルの現状電圧を増減設定し、被加熱体の温度制御を行なう工程４とからなることを特徴とする。 An apparatus for heating materials by induction heating using a plurality of coils, when changing the current temperature or Atsushi Luo of the inner surface of the object to be heated, the temperature difference between the target temperature and the current temperature of the object to be heated Step 1 is determined, and the object to be heated around which the coil is wound is divided into a plurality of zones, the voltage is changed for each coil for each zone, and the current temperature of the inner surface before the voltage is changed in each zone Step 2 for obtaining a temperature change value from the temperature when the voltage is changed, and obtaining a temperature change rate of the inner surface of the heated object in each zone per 1 V in each coil from the temperature change value , and this temperature change rate It was a factor, and the step 3 of calculating the change voltage in each coil from simultaneous linear equations of temperature difference determined this coefficient in the step 1, based on the change voltage in each coil, which is calculated, current collector of each coil The increased or decreased setting, characterized by comprising the step 4 which control the temperature of the object to be heated.

（１）本発明によれば、複数のコイルにより被加熱体を加熱する場合、温度制御を迅速、かつ高精度に行なうことができる。 (1) According to the present invention, when a heated object is heated by a plurality of coils, temperature control can be performed quickly and with high accuracy.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態例を詳細に説明する。
本発明の構成は、図４に示す被加熱体が長い場合、その長さを複数個のゾーンに区切り、それぞれのゾーン毎にコイルを巻回し、このコイルに電圧を印加して所定の高周波電流を流して誘導加熱し、各ゾーンを所定の目標温度になるように制御するものである。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In the configuration of the present invention, when the object to be heated shown in FIG. 4 is long, the length is divided into a plurality of zones, a coil is wound in each zone, and a voltage is applied to the coil to apply a predetermined high-frequency current. To control each zone to a predetermined target temperature.

図１は各ゾーンの１Ｖあたりの温度変化率を示す図である。図４に示すような被加熱体の場合、図１に示す通り、あるゾーンの電圧を変化させると、相互誘導や流体自体の温度によって他のゾーンの被加熱体の内表面の温度にも影響を与えることが明らかである。   FIG. 1 is a graph showing the temperature change rate per 1 V in each zone. In the case of an object to be heated as shown in FIG. 4, if the voltage of a certain zone is changed as shown in FIG. 1, the temperature of the inner surface of the object to be heated in the other zone is also affected by the mutual induction or the temperature of the fluid itself. It is clear to give

この実施の形態例では、コイルを巻回している被加熱体を７つのゾーンに分けて、各ゾーン毎に温度制御を行なうようにしたものである。ゾーンをＺ１〜Ｚ７で表わす。この時、各ゾーンに対応するコイルをコイル１〜コイル７とする。ここでは、ゾーンを７つに設定しているが、これに限るものではない。図では、ゾーンＺ１〜Ｚ７に対応するコイル１〜７にかかる電圧を１％増加した時の各ゾーンの１Ｖ当たりの温度変化率（℃／Ｖ）を示している。ｆ１はＺ１の温度変化率を、ｆ２はＺ２の温度変化率を、ｆ３はＺ３の温度変化率を、ｆ４はＺ４の温度変化率を、ｆ５はＺ５の温度変化率を、ｆ６はＺ６の温度変化率を、ｆ７はＺ７の温度変化率をそれぞれ示す。   In this embodiment, an object to be heated around which a coil is wound is divided into seven zones, and temperature control is performed for each zone. The zones are represented by Z1 to Z7. At this time, the coils corresponding to the respective zones are referred to as coils 1 to 7. Here, seven zones are set, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the drawing, the temperature change rate (° C./V) per 1 V of each zone when the voltage applied to the coils 1 to 7 corresponding to the zones Z 1 to Z 7 is increased by 1% is shown. f1 is the temperature change rate of Z1, f2 is the temperature change rate of Z2, f3 is the temperature change rate of Z3, f4 is the temperature change rate of Z4, f5 is the temperature change rate of Z5, and f6 is the temperature change rate of Z6. The change rate, f7, indicates the temperature change rate of Z7.

この特性図において、Ｚ１に対応するコイル１の電圧を１Ｖだけ上昇させると、Ｚ１は３．５６０℃、Ｚ２は３．３４６℃、Ｚ３は１．５７３℃、Ｚ４は０．９１６℃、Ｚ５は０．７４４℃、Ｚ６は０．６６１℃、Ｚ７は０．４３９℃の温度上昇が見られている。Ｚ１の温度を１Ｖだけ上昇させることにより、Ｚ１に近いゾーンから離れるに従って、温度上昇は漸次、減少していることが分かる。他の特性も同様である。次に、Ｚ４の電圧を１Ｖだけ上昇させると、Ｚ４では、４．８２６℃、Ｚ３では１．５８５℃、Ｚ２では、０．５５６℃、Ｚ１では０．３０４℃温度上昇があり、Ｚ５では６．２７０℃、Ｚ６では３．１４１℃、Ｚ７では１．７４４℃の温度上昇があることを示している。この場合には、上昇させたゾーンＺ４の後ろのゾーンに当たるＺ５を中心として、その前ゾーン及び後ゾーンでは漸次温度上昇が小さくなっていることが分かる。   In this characteristic diagram, when the voltage of the coil 1 corresponding to Z1 is increased by 1 V, Z1 is 3.560 ° C., Z2 is 3.346 ° C., Z3 is 1.573 ° C., Z4 is 0.916 ° C., Z5 is Temperature increases of 0.744 ° C., Z6 of 0.661 ° C., and Z7 of 0.439 ° C. are observed. It can be seen that by increasing the temperature of Z1 by 1 V, the temperature increase gradually decreases as the distance from the zone close to Z1 increases. The same applies to other characteristics. Next, when the voltage of Z4 is increased by 1 V, there is a temperature increase of 4.826 ° C. for Z4, 1.585 ° C. for Z3, 0.556 ° C. for Z2, 0.304 ° C. for Z1, and 6 for Z5. .270 ° C., Z6 has a temperature increase of 3.141 ° C., and Z7 has a temperature increase of 1.744 ° C. In this case, it can be seen that the temperature rise gradually decreases in the front zone and the rear zone centering on Z5 corresponding to the zone behind the raised zone Z4.

その他のゾーンについても同様に、電圧を１Ｖだけ上昇させた際の各ゾーンの１Ｖあたりの温度変化率を求めた。その具体的な例を図１に示した。以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
１）工程１
現状温度から被加熱体の温度を変更するに際し、あるゾーンＺｉ（ｉ＝１〜７）を目標温度に変化させる場合に、ゾーンＺ１〜Ｚ７を現状温度から何度変化させればよいかを決定する。ここでは、ゾーンＺ３のみを１０℃変化させるものとする。その他のゾーンは温度を変化させないものとする。
２）工程２
予め各コイル毎に電圧を変化させる。ここでは、ゾーンＺ１〜Ｚ７に対応するコイル１〜７にかかる電圧を１％増加させるものとする。なお、各ゾーンに対応するコイルとは、ゾーン毎に巻回したコイルを示すものである。この電圧を１％増加した際の温度変化値より、各コイルにおける１Ｖ当たりの被加熱体の温度変化率を求める。温度変化率は、電圧を所定値だけ変化した時に、温度が何度変化するかを求めるものである。これにより、被加熱体の温度変化率（℃／Ｖ）を求めることができる。具体的には、図１に示す特性から求めることができる。
３）工程３
前記工程２で求めた温度変化率を係数とし、この係数と工程１で決定した温度差との連立１次方程式から各コイルにおける変更電圧を算出する。連立１次方程式を用いて変更電圧を算出することにより、複雑な計算をすることなく正確に変更電圧を求めることが可能となる。あるゾーンに対応するコイルの電圧を変化させると、他のゾーンには図１に示したように影響が出るから、あるゾーンＺｉを求めるための連立１次方程式は、図２に示すようなものとなる。ここでＺｉ（ｉ＝１〜７）にかかる係数は、温度変化率（℃／Ｖ）である。即ち、電圧を１Ｖ変化させると、温度が何度変化するかを示す係数である。 Similarly, for other zones, the rate of temperature change per 1 V in each zone when the voltage was increased by 1 V was obtained. A specific example is shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
1) Step 1
When changing the temperature of the object to be heated from the current temperature, when changing a zone Zi (i = 1 to 7) to the target temperature, determine how many times the zone Z1 to Z7 should be changed from the current temperature To do. Here, it is assumed that only the zone Z3 is changed by 10 ° C. Other zones shall not change temperature.
2) Step 2
The voltage is changed in advance for each coil. Here, it is assumed that the voltage applied to the coils 1 to 7 corresponding to the zones Z1 to Z7 is increased by 1%. In addition, the coil corresponding to each zone shows the coil wound for every zone. From the temperature change value when this voltage is increased by 1%, the temperature change rate of the heated object per 1 V in each coil is obtained. The temperature change rate is used to determine how many times the temperature changes when the voltage is changed by a predetermined value. Thereby, the temperature change rate (degreeC / V) of a to-be-heated body can be calculated | required. Specifically, it can be obtained from the characteristics shown in FIG.
3) Step 3
The temperature change rate obtained in the step 2 is used as a coefficient, and the change voltage in each coil is calculated from the simultaneous linear equations of the coefficient and the temperature difference determined in the process 1. By calculating the change voltage using simultaneous linear equations, the change voltage can be obtained accurately without performing complicated calculations. When the voltage of the coil corresponding to a certain zone is changed, the other zones are affected as shown in FIG. It becomes. Here, the coefficient concerning Zi (i = 1 to 7) is a temperature change rate (° C./V). That is, the coefficient indicates how many times the temperature changes when the voltage is changed by 1V.

図２に示すような連立１次方程式は、行列式を用いて簡単に解くことができる。具体的には、係数行列（温度変化率）の逆行列と定数項列（工程１で決定した温度差）の積より求められる。図３は連立１次方程式の解を示す図である。ゾーンをＺ１〜Ｚ７とし、各ゾーンに対応するコイルをコイル１〜７とする。各ゾーンに対する現状温度が同一であるものとする。ここで、それぞれの目標温度はゾーンＺ３のみ１０℃高いものとし、その他は現状と同じ温度とする。従って、温度差はゾーンＺ３のみ１０℃であり、その他は０℃である。温度変化率係数は、図３に示すようなものであるとすると、求めるべきゾーンＺ１〜Ｚ７に対応するコイルの変更電圧は、次式に示すようなものとなる。ここでは、コイル１＝０Ｖ、コイル２＝−１Ｖ、コイル３＝６Ｖ、コイル４＝−９Ｖ、コイル５＝１４Ｖ、コイル６＝−１９Ｖ、コイル７＝２７Ｖとなった。
４）工程４
算出した各コイルにおける変更電圧を元に、各コイルの現状電圧を増減設定する。ここで、求めたコイル電圧を図４に示すような装置に適用する。即ち、現状電圧からコイル１の電圧を０Ｖ（変更無し）、コイル２の電圧を−１Ｖ、コイル３の電圧を＋６Ｖ、コイル４の電圧を−９Ｖ、コイル５の電圧を＋１４Ｖ、コイル６の電圧を−１９Ｖ、コイル７の電圧を＋２７Ｖに増減設定すると、ゾーンＺ３のみ温度を１０℃変化させることができる。 The simultaneous linear equations as shown in FIG. 2 can be easily solved using determinants. Specifically, it is obtained from the product of an inverse matrix of a coefficient matrix (temperature change rate) and a constant term sequence (temperature difference determined in step 1). FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a solution of simultaneous linear equations. The zones are Z1 to Z7, and the coils corresponding to the zones are coils 1 to 7. Assume that the current temperature for each zone is the same. Here, the respective target temperatures are set to be 10 ° C. higher only in the zone Z3, and the other temperatures are the same as the current temperatures. Accordingly, the temperature difference is 10 ° C. only in the zone Z3, and 0 ° C. in the others. If the temperature change rate coefficient is as shown in FIG. 3, the change voltage of the coil corresponding to the zones Z1 to Z7 to be obtained is as shown in the following equation. Here, coil 1 = 0V, coil 2 = -1V, coil 3 = 6V, coil 4 = -9V, coil 5 = 14V, coil 6 = -19V, and coil 7 = 27V.
4) Step 4
Based on the calculated change voltage in each coil, the current voltage of each coil is set to increase or decrease. Here, the obtained coil voltage is applied to an apparatus as shown in FIG. That is, from the current voltage, the voltage of coil 1 is 0V (no change), the voltage of coil 2 is -1V, the voltage of coil 3 is + 6V, the voltage of coil 4 is -9V, the voltage of coil 5 is + 14V, the voltage of coil 6 Can be increased or decreased to -19V, and the voltage of the coil 7 is set to + 27V, the temperature can be changed by 10 ° C. only in the zone Z3.

本発明によれば、複数のコイルにより被加熱体を加熱する場合、温度制御を迅速、かつ高精度に行なうことができる。
前述の実施の形態例では、１つのゾーンのみの温度を変化させる場合について説明したが、本発明はこれに限るものではない。複数のゾーンの温度変化量を設定して、複数のゾーンが所定の温度だけ変化するようにすることができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, when heating a to-be-heated body with a some coil, temperature control can be performed rapidly and with high precision.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the temperature of only one zone is changed has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It is possible to set the temperature change amounts of a plurality of zones so that the plurality of zones change by a predetermined temperature.

各ゾーンの１Ｖあたりの温度変化率を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the temperature change rate per 1V of each zone. ７元連立１次方程式を示す図である。It is a figure which shows a 7-element simultaneous linear equation. 連立１次方程式の解を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the solution of simultaneous linear equations. コイルと流体の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between a coil and a fluid.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 被加熱体
２ 被加熱体の内表面
３ 流体
４ コイル 1 Heated object 2 Inner surface of heated object 3 Fluid 4 Coil

Claims (1)

複数のコイルを使用して誘導加熱により被加熱体を加熱する装置において、
被加熱体の内表面の現状温度から温度を変更するに際し、被加熱体の目標温度と現状温度との温度差を決定する工程１と、
コイルを巻回している被加熱体を複数のゾーンに分け、各ゾーンに対するコイル毎に電圧を変化させ、各ゾーンにおいて、電圧を変化させる前の内表面の現状温度と電圧を変化させた際の温度とから温度変化値を求め、この温度変化値から各コイルにおける１Ｖ当たりの各ゾーンにおける被加熱体の内表面の温度変化率を求める工程２と、
この温度変化率を係数とし、この係数と前記工程１で決定した温度差との連立１次方程式から各コイルにおける変更電圧を算出する工程３と、
算出した各コイルにおける変更電圧を元に、各コイルの現状電圧を増減設定し、被加熱体の温度制御を行なう工程４、
とからなる被加熱体の温度制御方法。 In an apparatus for heating an object to be heated by induction heating using a plurality of coils,
Upon changing the current temperature or Atsushi Luo of the inner surface of the object to be heated, a step 1 for determining the temperature difference between the target temperature and the current temperature of the object to be heated,
Divide the heated object around which the coil is wound into multiple zones, change the voltage for each coil for each zone, and change the current temperature and voltage of the inner surface before changing the voltage in each zone A step 2 of obtaining a temperature change value from the temperature, and obtaining a temperature change rate of the inner surface of the heated object in each zone per 1 V in each coil from the temperature change value ;
And the temperature change rate coefficient, and step 3 of calculating the change voltage in each coil from simultaneous linear equations of temperature difference determined this coefficient in the step 1,
Based on the calculated change voltage in each coil, the current voltage of each coil is set to increase / decrease, and the temperature control of the heated object is performed 4,
The temperature control method of the to-be-heated body consisting of.
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