JP4736278B2 - Double glazing - Google Patents

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JP4736278B2
JP4736278B2 JP2001259750A JP2001259750A JP4736278B2 JP 4736278 B2 JP4736278 B2 JP 4736278B2 JP 2001259750 A JP2001259750 A JP 2001259750A JP 2001259750 A JP2001259750 A JP 2001259750A JP 4736278 B2 JP4736278 B2 JP 4736278B2
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glass
rod
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JP2003063844A (en
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貴彦 秋山
芳春 原田
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AGC Inc
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Asahi Glass Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6707—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased acoustical insulation

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、遮音性能を高めることにより建築物の窓用としてはもとより、車輌や船舶などの窓用としても好適に使用できる複層ガラスに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
複層ガラスにおける遮音性能の良否は、コインシデンス効果と共鳴透過現象との如何に依存するとされている。このうち、コインシデンス効果による遮音性能の低下は、使用する板ガラスの密度や縦弾性係数のほか、その時々の気温等にも関係するとされており、単板ガラスのみならず複層ガラスにも発生する共通の現象である。
【０００３】
一方、低音域での共鳴透過現象は、等間隔で隔置された２枚の板ガラスが共鳴することにより発生する複層ガラスに特有の現象である。
【０００４】
従来より使用されている一般的な複層ガラスにおいては、スペーサ部材の両側面と板ガラスとの間には一次シールが、２枚の板ガラス端縁とスペーサ部材の外側面とを覆って二次シールが設けられている。
【０００５】
しかし、この構成では、複層ガラスの中空層の大きさ、該中空層に封入された気体の種類、板ガラスの厚さ、等の制限より、２００〜５００Ｈｚの音域で共鳴透過現象による遮音性能の低下という不具合が生じやすい。
また、２枚の板ガラスの板厚が同一または近似である場合、コインシデンス効果を顕著に生じ、高音域から中音域にかけても遮音性能の低下という不具合が生じやすい。
【０００６】
なお、共鳴器を使用した従来の吸音機構は、相当数の共鳴器を建築空間の内装壁、天井等に挿入し、特定の周波数域の過多残響音を吸収させる例や、共鳴器を自動車等の排気部のマフラー、ダクト、管等の内部、等に設け、出口での音圧レベルを低減させる例があった。これに対し、吸音機構を複層ガラスのような壁体等の構造体の内部に使用する例は、従来見られなかった。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記欠点の対処法として、特開平１１−２２９７２２号において吸音材が封入された筒状体を使用した構成が提案されている。しかし、この構成においても遮音性能が低下するという問題が完全に解決された訳ではない。
【０００８】
このような複層ガラスにおいては、高周波数域よりも低周波数域の騒音を低減する対策は困難であり、特に多くの環境騒音の成分に含まれる２００〜５００Ｈｚの音域での騒音制御技術にかかわる大きな課題となっている。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、前述の課題を解決すべくなされたものであり、２枚の板ガラス相互をスペーサ部材を介して気密状に隔置することにより板ガラス相互間に中空層を形成してなる複層ガラスにおいて、該複層ガラスの少なくとも１端縁部分において、前記中空層内にはスペーサ部材に平行に該スペーサ部材と所定距離の位置に棒状部材が配設され、棒状部材、スペーサ部材および２枚の板ガラスで画する空洞部を形成しており、前記棒状部材には前記中空層と前記空洞部とを連通する複数個の貫通孔が設けられており、前記棒状部材と前記空洞部とにより共鳴器を形成してなることを特徴とする複層ガラスを提供する。
【００１０】
この構成により、遮音複層ガラスにおいて、共鳴透過による低周波数域での遮音欠損を共鳴器を構成することにより改善できる。
【００１１】
本発明において、前記スペーサ部材と棒状部材との間隔が５〜５０ｍｍであり、前記棒状部材の厚さが５〜２０ｍｍであり、貫通孔相互の間隔が３０〜１００ｍｍであり、貫通孔の孔径が１〜５ｍｍであることが好ましい。
また、本発明において、前記板ガラスの厚さが２〜３０ｍｍであり、板ガラス相互の間隔が４〜３０ｍｍであることが好ましい。
このような構成であれば、遮音複層ガラスにおいて、共鳴透過による低周波数域での遮音欠損を一層改善できる。
【００１２】
また、本発明において、共鳴器の共鳴周波数が１６０〜６３０Ｈｚであることが好ましい。一般的な複層ガラスにおいては、中空層の大きさ、該中空層に封入された気体の種類、板ガラスの厚さ、等の制限より、２００〜５００Ｈｚの音域で共鳴透過現象による遮音性能の低下という不具合が生じやすく、共鳴器の共鳴周波数を１６０〜６３０Ｈｚとすればこの不具合が解消しやすいからである。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図１は、本発明における複層ガラス１の一例を示す構成断面図である。複層ガラス１は、２枚の板ガラス２および２を、スペーサ部材３によって、板ガラス２、２とスペーサ部材３との間に一次シール８を介して所定の間隔に保持し、板ガラス２および２の周縁部内部とスペーサ部材３の外周面とで形成された凹部に二次シール９を配して周縁部がシールされている。
【００１４】
板ガラス２としては、建築用に一般的に使用されるソーダライムシリカガラス（たとえば、旭硝子社製、商品名：ＡＳ）が代表的であるが、これに限られず、その他の組成の板ガラスも使用できる。また、無機質の板ガラスのみならず、有機質の板ガラス、たとえば、ポリカーボネート、アクリル樹脂、等も使用できる。
【００１５】
スペーサ部材３は、板ガラス２、２の相互の間隔が所定値に確保できれば材質、形状は限定されないが、図示のような断面矩形状が好ましい。なお、図示は省略したが、スペーサ部材３の中空部分に乾燥剤を充填し、かつ、スペーサ部材３の中空層側に貫通孔を所定間隔で複数個設けてもよい。
【００１６】
一次シール８としては主に粘着力を発揮できる材質が好ましく、たとえば、ポリイソブチレンが好適に使用できる。二次シール９としては主に接着力を発揮できる材質が好ましく、たとえば、ポリスルフィド、シリコーン樹脂が好適に使用できる。
【００１７】
図１において、中空層４内にはスペーサ部材３に平行にスペーサ部材３と所定距離Ｈの間隔を隔て棒状部材５が配設され、棒状部材５、スペーサ部材３および２枚の板ガラス２、２で画する空洞部７を形成している。棒状部材５は所定の厚さＬを有しており、また、棒状部材５には中空層４と空洞部７とを連通する直径ｄの複数個の貫通孔６、６…が所定ピッチ間隔Ｐ毎に設けられている（図２参照）。
【００１８】
棒状部材５の幅は、板ガラス２、２の相互の間隔Ｗと略等しく、図示しない接着剤等の固定手段により板ガラス２、２に固定されている。棒状部材５の材質としては、各種の材料が使用できるが、硬質樹脂、ゴム、金属材料、等が吸音性が少なくて好ましい。また、棒状部材５の表面、すなわち、棒状部材５の上下面および貫通孔６の周壁面は、平滑に仕上げてあることが、吸音性が少なくて好ましい。
【００１９】
上記図１に示される構成、すなわち、棒状部材５と空洞部７とにより、共鳴器が形成されてなる。以下、この共鳴器の原理を説明する。棒状部材５に中空層４側から音波が入射すると、特定の周波数で貫通孔６内の空気が激しく振動する。このとき、貫通孔６内の空気と、貫通孔６の周壁面との摩擦によって音響エネルギーが熱エネルギーに変換されて吸音効果が得られる。
【００２０】
図１、図２に示されるように、所定の厚さＬの棒状部材５に連続的に貫通孔６が配されている構成は、ヘルムホルツ共鳴器が連続的に並んでいる構成と等価であると考えられる。この場合、該共鳴器は貫通孔６の数が多い程（ただし、孔６、６…の間隔は制限されるが）、その吸音効果は大きい。また、図１の例では複層ガラス１の１端縁部分に共鳴器を配する構成としたが、矩形状の複層ガラスのさらに他の端縁部分に共鳴器を配する構成とすれば、一層吸音効果が得られる。
【００２１】
このように、本発明の複層ガラスは、従来の複層ガラスに僅かの変更を加えるのみで、充分な吸音効果が得られ、建築空間の他の部分に共鳴器を設ける必要はない。したがって、建築空間に全く変更を加えることなく、優れた遮音性能が得られる技術であり、人口密度の高い都市空間において極めて有益である。
【００２２】
本発明において、複層ガラスの構成によってｆｒ（共鳴器の共鳴周波数）が求められる。すなわち、気体の音速Ｃ、スペーサ部材３と棒状部材５との間隔Ｈ、棒状部材５の厚さＬ、貫通孔６の直径ｄ、貫通孔相互の間隔Ｐおよび板ガラス２、２の内のり寸法Ｗを下記（１）式に代入することによりｆｒが算出される。
【００２３】
【数１】

Figure 0004736278
【００２４】
また一般に、複層ガラスの構成によってｆｒｍｄ（複層ガラスの共鳴透過周波数）が求められる。すなわち、気体中の音速Ｃ、気体の密度ρ、ガラスの面密度ｍおよび板ガラス２、２の内のり寸法Ｗを下記（２）式に代入することによりｆｒｍｄが算出される。
【００２５】
【数２】
Figure 0004736278
【００２６】
このように、複層ガラスの構成における各値を任意に設定することにより、所望のｆｒ（共鳴器の共鳴周波数）と、ｆｒｍｄ（複層ガラスの共鳴透過周波数）とを合わせることができる。
【００２７】
本発明の他の実施の形態として、少なくとも１枚の板ガラスが合わせガラスである複層ガラスが挙げられる。このように、合わせガラスが使用されたり、板ガラスの外側にフィルムや樹脂等が接着された複層ガラスは、安全面に優れ、複層ガラスとしての機能向上に寄与できる。
【００２８】
本発明のさらに他の実施の形態として、中空層に六フッ化硫黄ガス、アルゴンガスまたはクリプトンガスを封入した複層ガラスが挙げられる。通常の複層ガラスは、中空層に乾燥空気または窒素ガスが封入される構成が一般的であるが、これの代わりに、断熱性能を上げることを主たる目的で上記ガスを封入すると、媒体間の音速の違いによる波動的エネルギー損失を生じ、遮音性能が向上する効果が得られる。
【００２９】
なお、六フッ化硫黄ガス、アルゴンガス、クリプトンガスの０℃、１気圧での密度ρは、それぞれ、６．６ｋｇ／ｍ３、１．７８ｋｇ／ｍ３、３．７４ｋｇ／ｍ３であり、音速Ｃは、それぞれ、１３０ｍ／秒、３０８ｍ／秒、２１２ｍ／秒であり、その結果ｆｒｍｄ（複層ガラスの共鳴透過周波数）は、それぞれ、２５０Ｈｚ、３０８Ｈｚ、３０８Ｈｚと算出される。
【００３０】
本発明のさらに他の実施の形態として、図３に示されるような、スペーサ部材３と棒状部材５とが連結部材１０を介して一体化してなる構成が挙げられる。すなわち、スペーサ部材３上辺の両側端には水平片である係止部３ａ、３ａが延設されており、棒状部材５の下部両側端からは連結部材１０、１０が垂設されており、かつ、連結部材１０、１０の下端部には、それぞれ２箇所に内向きの水平片が平行に延設されており係合凹部１０ａ、１０ａを形成している。
【００３１】
したがって、図３に示されるように、係止部３ａ、３ａと係合凹部１０ａ、１０ａとを嵌合することにより、スペーサ部材３と棒状部材５とが一体化する。この構成であれば、スペーサ部材３を一次シール８および二次シール９を介して板ガラス２、２に固定するのみでよく、棒状部材５を別途板ガラス２、２に固定する必要がない。なお、連結部材１０、１０はスペーサ部材３（棒状部材５）の全長に亘って設ける構成でも、スペーサ部材３（棒状部材５）の全長に対し局部的に所定間隔をおいて設ける構成でもよい。
【００３２】
本発明のさらに他の実施の形態として、連結部材１０が、好ましくは棒状部材５も透明部材である構成が挙げられる。このような構成であれば、連結部材１０も、棒状部材５も透視性を妨げにくく、複層ガラスとして好ましい。
【００３３】
本発明のさらに他の実施の形態として、貫通孔の少なくとも一方の開口部には音響抵抗材１１が配されてなる構成が挙げられる。このような構成であれば、音響抵抗材１１が貫通孔の前後での気体の摩擦運動を促進し、広い周波数範囲の吸音の効果が得られる。
【００３４】
図３において、平面状の音響抵抗材１１、１１は棒状部材５の上下面に棒状部材５を覆って配されており、前記効果が得られる構成となっている。
なお、音響抵抗材とは、気体振動（空気振動）により自ら励振されやすい物質であり、たとえば、グラスウール、ロックウール等の繊維材、フィルム等の膜状材、等が挙げられる。
【００３５】
【実施例】
矩形で、縦１４８０ｍｍ、横１２３０ｍｍ、厚さ３ｍｍの板ガラス（旭硝子社製、商品名：ＡＳ）を使用し、複層ガラスを製作し、この遮音性能を評価した。複層ガラスの全体の厚さは１８ｍｍである。
【００３６】
共鳴器を設ける本発明に係る複層ガラス、および、同一の外形で共鳴器を設けない通常の複層ガラスを、それぞれ実施例、比較例として比較した。なお、板ガラス２、２の内のり寸法Ｗはいずれも１２ｍｍとした。
【００３７】
[実施例１]
図１に示される構成の共鳴器を複層ガラスの四端縁部分に設けた。
スペーサ部材３と棒状部材５との間隔Ｈを２０ｍｍ、棒状部材５の厚さＬを５ｍｍ、貫通孔６の直径ｄを２ｍｍ、貫通孔相互の間隔Ｐを５０ｍｍとした。棒状部材５の材質としては、ポリ塩化ビニルを使用した。
この場合前記（２）式によるｆｒｍｄ（共鳴透過周波数）は２８６Ｈｚとなり、前記（１）式によるｆｒ（共鳴器の共鳴周波数）は３４１Ｈｚとなった。
【００３８】
[実施例２]
図１に示される構成の共鳴器を複層ガラスの四端縁部分に設けた。
スペーサ部材３と棒状部材５との間隔Ｈを１０ｍｍ、棒状部材５の厚さＬを１０ｍｍ、貫通孔６の直径ｄを２ｍｍ、貫通孔相互の間隔Ｐを５０ｍｍとした。棒状部材５の材質としては、ポリ塩化ビニルを使用した。
この場合前記（２）式によるｆｒｍｄ（共鳴透過周波数）は２８６Ｈｚとなり、前記（１）式によるｆｒ（共鳴器の共鳴周波数）は３６４Ｈｚとなった。
【００３９】
[比較例]
実施例１、２と同一構成の複層ガラスとし、共鳴器は設けない。
この場合前記（２）式によるｆｒｍｄ（共鳴透過周波数）は２８６Ｈｚとなった。
【００４０】
上記実施例および比較例において、ＪＩＳ Ａ１４１６に準拠して各周波数毎の音響透過損失を測定した。
上記実施例および比較例の比較結果は、図４に示されるようになった。図４は、周波数毎の音響透過損失を示すグラフであり、図中で黒丸の点は実施例１を、白角の点は実施例２を、白丸の点は比較例を、それぞれ示す。
【００４１】
図において、１／３オクターブ・バンド中心周波数で２５０〜５００Ｈｚにおいて、黒丸の点で示される本発明の実施例１、および、白角の点で示される実施例２は、白丸の点で示される比較例に比べて音響透過損失が２〜４ｄＢ高くなっている。すなわち、上記周波数においては、共鳴器を設けた効果が現れている。
また、上記結果より、共鳴器の設計周波数ｆｒのみならず、設計周波数に隣接する周波数域においても音響透過損失が２〜４ｄＢ高くなっており、共鳴器を設けた効果が現れている。
【００４２】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、遮音複層ガラスにおいて、共鳴透過による低周波数域での遮音欠損を、貫通孔が設けられた棒状部材と空洞部とより構成される共鳴器を設けることにより改善できる。
また、本発明によれば、共鳴器の共鳴周波数を１６０〜６３０Ｈｚとすることにより、一般的な複層ガラスにおける２００〜５００Ｈｚの音域で共鳴透過現象による遮音性能の低下という不具合が解消できる。
【００４３】
また、本発明によれば、少なくとも１枚の板ガラスが合わせガラスであることにより、安全面に優れ、複層ガラスとしての機能向上に寄与できる。
また、本発明によれば、中空層に六フッ化硫黄ガス、アルゴンガスまたはクリプトンガスを封入することにより、媒体間の音速の違いによる波動的エネルギー損失を生じ、遮音性能が向上する効果が得られる。
【００４４】
また、本発明によれば、スペーサ部材と前記棒状部材とが連結部材を介して一体化してなることにより、複層ガラスの組み立て作業が簡略化できる。
また、本発明によれば、連結部材および／または前記棒状部材を透明部材とすることにより、連結部材等が透視性を妨げにくく、複層ガラスとして好ましい。
また、本発明によれば、貫通孔の少なくとも一方の開口部には音響抵抗材が配されてなることにより、広い周波数範囲の吸音の効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の複層ガラスの実施例の概要を説明する要部断面図。
【図２】本発明に使用される棒状部材の要部平面図。
【図３】本発明の複層ガラスの他の実施例の概要を説明する要部断面図。
【図４】周波数毎の音響透過損失を示すグラフ。
【符号の説明】
１：複層ガラス
２：板ガラス
３：スペーサ部材
４：中空層
５：棒状部材
６：貫通孔
７：空洞部
８：一次シール
９：二次シール
１０：連結部材
１１：音響抵抗材[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multilayer glass that can be suitably used not only for a window of a building but also for a window of a vehicle or a ship by enhancing sound insulation performance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The sound insulation performance of the double-glazed glass depends on the coincidence effect and the resonance transmission phenomenon. Among these, the decrease in sound insulation performance due to the coincidence effect is said to be related to the density and longitudinal elastic modulus of the plate glass used, as well as the temperature at that time, and it is common to not only single plate glass but also multilayer glass. It is a phenomenon.
[0003]
On the other hand, the resonance transmission phenomenon in the low sound range is a phenomenon peculiar to multilayer glass generated by resonating two plate glasses spaced at equal intervals.
[0004]
In a conventional multi-layer glass used in the past, a primary seal is provided between both side surfaces of the spacer member and the plate glass, and a secondary seal is formed covering the two plate glass edges and the outer surface of the spacer member. Is provided.
[0005]
However, in this configuration, due to the limitations of the size of the hollow layer of the multilayer glass, the type of gas sealed in the hollow layer, the thickness of the plate glass, etc., the sound insulation performance due to the resonance transmission phenomenon in the 200 to 500 Hz sound range. It is easy to cause a problem of deterioration.
In addition, when the thicknesses of the two plate glasses are the same or approximate, the coincidence effect is remarkably generated, and a problem that the sound insulation performance is deteriorated easily occurs from the high sound range to the mid sound range.
[0006]
In addition, the conventional sound absorbing mechanism using a resonator is an example in which a considerable number of resonators are inserted into an interior wall or ceiling of a building space to absorb excessive reverberation sound in a specific frequency range, or the resonator is an automobile or the like. There is an example in which the sound pressure level at the outlet is reduced by providing the exhaust part inside a muffler, a duct, a pipe or the like. On the other hand, the example which uses a sound-absorbing mechanism inside structures, such as a wall body like a multilayer glass, was not seen conventionally.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As a countermeasure against the above-mentioned drawback, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-229722 proposes a configuration using a cylindrical body in which a sound absorbing material is enclosed. However, even in this configuration, the problem that the sound insulation performance is lowered is not completely solved.
[0008]
In such a double-glazed glass, it is difficult to take measures to reduce the noise in the lower frequency range than in the high frequency range, and in particular, it relates to a noise control technique in the 200 to 500 Hz sound range included in many environmental noise components. It has become a big issue.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is a multilayer glass formed by forming a hollow layer between two glass sheets by separating two glass sheets in an airtight manner through a spacer member. And at least one edge portion of the multi-layer glass, a rod-shaped member is disposed in the hollow layer at a predetermined distance from the spacer member in parallel to the spacer member, and the rod-shaped member, the spacer member, and the two sheets A hollow portion defined by plate glass is formed, and the rod-shaped member is provided with a plurality of through-holes communicating the hollow layer and the hollow portion, and the resonator is formed by the rod-shaped member and the hollow portion. A double-glazed glass is provided.
[0010]
With this configuration, in the sound insulation double-glazed glass, sound insulation defects in a low frequency region due to resonance transmission can be improved by configuring the resonator.
[0011]
In this invention, the space | interval of the said spacer member and a rod-shaped member is 5-50 mm, the thickness of the said rod-shaped member is 5-20 mm, the space | interval of through-holes is 30-100 mm, and the hole diameter of a through-hole is It is preferable that it is 1-5 mm.
Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the thickness of the said plate glass is 2-30 mm, and the space | interval between plate glasses is 4-30 mm.
With such a configuration, sound insulation defects in a low frequency region due to resonance transmission can be further improved in the sound insulation double-glazed glass.
[0012]
In the present invention, the resonance frequency of the resonator is preferably 160 to 630 Hz. In general multi-layer glass, the sound insulation performance is reduced due to the resonance transmission phenomenon in the 200 to 500 Hz sound range due to limitations such as the size of the hollow layer, the type of gas enclosed in the hollow layer, the thickness of the plate glass, etc. This is because such a problem is likely to occur, and if the resonance frequency of the resonator is set to 160 to 630 Hz, this problem can be easily solved.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a multilayer glass 1 in the present invention. The multi-layer glass 1 holds two plate glasses 2 and 2 with a spacer member 3 at a predetermined interval between the plate glasses 2 and 2 and the spacer member 3 via a primary seal 8. A secondary seal 9 is disposed in a recess formed by the inside of the peripheral edge and the outer peripheral surface of the spacer member 3 to seal the peripheral edge.
[0014]
The plate glass 2 is typically soda lime silica glass (for example, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., trade name: AS) that is generally used for construction, but is not limited thereto, and plate glass of other compositions can also be used. . Moreover, not only an inorganic plate glass but also an organic plate glass such as polycarbonate and acrylic resin can be used.
[0015]
The material and shape of the spacer member 3 are not limited as long as the distance between the glass plates 2 and 2 can be secured to a predetermined value, but a rectangular cross section as shown in the drawing is preferable. Although illustration is omitted, the hollow portion of the spacer member 3 may be filled with a desiccant, and a plurality of through holes may be provided on the hollow layer side of the spacer member 3 at a predetermined interval.
[0016]
The primary seal 8 is preferably made of a material capable of mainly exerting adhesive force, for example, polyisobutylene can be suitably used. The secondary seal 9 is preferably made of a material that can mainly exert an adhesive force. For example, polysulfide or silicone resin can be suitably used.
[0017]
In FIG. 1, a rod-shaped member 5 is disposed in the hollow layer 4 in parallel to the spacer member 3 and spaced from the spacer member 3 by a predetermined distance H, and the rod-shaped member 5, the spacer member 3, and the two glass sheets 2, 2. Cavity portion 7 is formed. The rod-like member 5 has a predetermined thickness L, and the rod-like member 5 has a plurality of through-holes 6, 6... Having a diameter d communicating the hollow layer 4 and the hollow portion 7, with a predetermined pitch interval P. Each is provided (see FIG. 2).
[0018]
The width of the rod-like member 5 is substantially equal to the interval W between the glass plates 2 and 2 and is fixed to the glass plates 2 and 2 by a fixing means such as an adhesive (not shown). Various materials can be used as the material of the rod-like member 5, but hard resin, rubber, metal material, etc. are preferable because of low sound absorption. In addition, it is preferable that the surface of the bar-shaped member 5, that is, the upper and lower surfaces of the bar-shaped member 5 and the peripheral wall surface of the through-hole 6, are smooth and have low sound absorption.
[0019]
A resonator is formed by the configuration shown in FIG. 1, that is, the rod-shaped member 5 and the cavity portion 7. Hereinafter, the principle of this resonator will be described. When sound waves enter the rod-shaped member 5 from the hollow layer 4 side, the air in the through-hole 6 vibrates vigorously at a specific frequency. At this time, acoustic energy is converted into thermal energy by friction between the air in the through-hole 6 and the peripheral wall surface of the through-hole 6 to obtain a sound absorption effect.
[0020]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the configuration in which the through-hole 6 is continuously arranged in the rod-shaped member 5 having a predetermined thickness L is equivalent to the configuration in which the Helmholtz resonators are continuously arranged. it is conceivable that. In this case, the sound absorbing effect of the resonator increases as the number of the through holes 6 increases (however, the interval between the holes 6 is limited). In the example of FIG. 1, the resonator is disposed at one edge portion of the multilayer glass 1. However, if the resonator is disposed at the other edge portion of the rectangular multilayer glass, Further, a sound absorbing effect can be obtained.
[0021]
As described above, the double-glazed glass of the present invention can provide a sufficient sound absorbing effect only by adding a slight change to the conventional double-glazed glass, and it is not necessary to provide a resonator in the other part of the building space. Therefore, it is a technology that provides excellent sound insulation performance without any change to the architectural space, and is extremely useful in urban spaces with high population density.
[0022]
In the present invention, f r (resonance frequency of the resonator) is determined by the structure of the double-glazed glass. That is, the sound velocity C of the gas, the distance H between the spacer member 3 and the rod-like member 5, the thickness L of the rod-like member 5, the diameter d of the through-holes 6, the interval P between the through-holes, and the inner dimension W of the plate glasses 2, 2. f r is calculated by substituting the following equation (1).
[0023]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0004736278
[0024]
Generally, frmd (resonance transmission frequency of double-layer glass) is determined depending on the structure of double-layer glass. That is, frmd is calculated by substituting the velocity of sound C in the gas, the density ρ of the gas, the surface density m of the glass, and the inner dimension W of the glass plates 2 and 2 into the following equation (2).
[0025]
[Expression 2]
Figure 0004736278
[0026]
Thus, by arbitrarily setting the values in the configuration of the double glazing can be combined with the desired f r (resonator resonance frequency), and f rmd (resonant transmission frequency of the double glazing) .
[0027]
As another embodiment of the present invention, a multi-layer glass in which at least one sheet glass is a laminated glass can be mentioned. Thus, the laminated glass in which laminated glass is used or a film, a resin, or the like is adhered to the outside of the plate glass is excellent in safety and can contribute to improvement of the function as the laminated glass.
[0028]
Still another embodiment of the present invention includes a double-glazed glass in which sulfur hexafluoride gas, argon gas, or krypton gas is sealed in a hollow layer. Ordinary double-glazed glass generally has a structure in which dry air or nitrogen gas is sealed in a hollow layer. Instead of this, if the above gas is sealed for the purpose of mainly improving heat insulation performance, the space between media Wave energy is lost due to the difference in sound speed, and the effect of improving the sound insulation performance is obtained.
[0029]
Incidentally, sulfur hexafluoride gas, argon gas, 0 ° C. krypton gas, the density ρ at one atmospheric pressure, respectively, 6.6kg / m 3, 1.78kg / m 3, a 3.74 kg / m 3, The sound velocities C are 130 m / sec, 308 m / sec, and 212 m / sec, respectively. As a result, frmd (resonance transmission frequency of the multilayer glass) is calculated as 250 Hz, 308 Hz, and 308 Hz, respectively.
[0030]
As still another embodiment of the present invention, a configuration in which the spacer member 3 and the rod-like member 5 are integrated through the connecting member 10 as shown in FIG. That is, locking portions 3a and 3a, which are horizontal pieces, are extended from both side ends of the upper side of the spacer member 3, and connecting members 10 and 10 are vertically extended from both side ends of the lower part of the rod-shaped member 5, and In the lower end portions of the connecting members 10 and 10, inward horizontal pieces are extended in parallel at two locations to form engagement recesses 10a and 10a.
[0031]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the spacer member 3 and the rod-shaped member 5 are integrated by fitting the locking portions 3a, 3a and the engaging recesses 10a, 10a. With this configuration, it is only necessary to fix the spacer member 3 to the plate glasses 2 and 2 via the primary seal 8 and the secondary seal 9, and it is not necessary to fix the rod-like member 5 to the plate glasses 2 and 2 separately. The connecting members 10 and 10 may be provided over the entire length of the spacer member 3 (rod-like member 5) or may be provided locally at a predetermined interval with respect to the entire length of the spacer member 3 (rod-like member 5).
[0032]
Still another embodiment of the present invention includes a configuration in which the connecting member 10 is preferably a transparent member. If it is such a structure, both the connection member 10 and the rod-shaped member 5 are hard to disturb transparency, and are preferable as a multilayer glass.
[0033]
As still another embodiment of the present invention, a configuration in which the acoustic resistance material 11 is disposed in at least one opening of the through hole is mentioned. If it is such a structure, the acoustic resistance material 11 will accelerate | stimulate the frictional motion of the gas before and behind a through-hole, and the effect of the sound absorption of a wide frequency range will be acquired.
[0034]
In FIG. 3, the planar acoustic resistance members 11, 11 are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the rod-shaped member 5 so as to cover the rod-shaped member 5, so that the above-described effect can be obtained.
The acoustic resistance material is a substance that is easily excited by gas vibration (air vibration). Examples thereof include fiber materials such as glass wool and rock wool, and film-like materials such as films.
[0035]
【Example】
Using a rectangular glass plate (length: 1480 mm, width: 1230 mm, thickness: 3 mm) (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., trade name: AS), a multi-layer glass was manufactured, and the sound insulation performance was evaluated. The total thickness of the multilayer glass is 18 mm.
[0036]
The multilayer glass according to the present invention in which the resonator is provided and the normal multilayer glass in which the resonator is not provided with the same outer shape were compared as examples and comparative examples, respectively. The inner dimension W of the plate glasses 2 and 2 was 12 mm.
[0037]
[Example 1]
The resonator having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 was provided at the four edge portions of the double-glazed glass.
The distance H between the spacer member 3 and the rod-shaped member 5 was 20 mm, the thickness L of the rod-shaped member 5 was 5 mm, the diameter d of the through holes 6 was 2 mm, and the distance P between the through holes was 50 mm. Polyvinyl chloride was used as the material for the rod-like member 5.
In this case, f rmd (resonance transmission frequency) according to the equation (2) was 286 Hz, and f r (resonance frequency of the resonator) according to the equation (1) was 341 Hz.
[0038]
[Example 2]
The resonator having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 was provided at the four edge portions of the double-glazed glass.
The distance H between the spacer member 3 and the rod-shaped member 5 was 10 mm, the thickness L of the rod-shaped member 5 was 10 mm, the diameter d of the through holes 6 was 2 mm, and the distance P between the through holes was 50 mm. Polyvinyl chloride was used as the material for the rod-like member 5.
In this case, f rmd (resonance transmission frequency) according to the equation (2) was 286 Hz, and f r (resonance frequency of the resonator) according to the equation (1) was 364 Hz.
[0039]
[Comparative example]
It is a double-layer glass having the same configuration as in Examples 1 and 2, and no resonator is provided.
In this case, f rmd (resonance transmission frequency) according to the equation (2) was 286 Hz.
[0040]
In the said Example and comparative example, the sound transmission loss for every frequency was measured based on JISA1416.
The comparison results of the above examples and comparative examples are as shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a graph showing sound transmission loss for each frequency. In the figure, black dots indicate Example 1, white corners indicate Example 2, and white circles indicate a comparative example.
[0041]
In the figure, Example 1 of the present invention indicated by a black circle point and Example 2 indicated by a white corner point are indicated by white circle points at 250 to 500 Hz at the center frequency of 1/3 octave band. The sound transmission loss is 2 to 4 dB higher than that of the comparative example. That is, the effect of providing a resonator appears at the above frequency.
Further, from the above result, not only the design frequency f r of the resonator, sound transmission loss even in a frequency range adjacent to the design frequency has become higher buys 2-4 dB, the effect has appeared in which a resonator.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, sound insulation defects in a low frequency region due to resonance transmission can be improved in a sound insulation multilayer glass by providing a resonator composed of a rod-like member provided with a through hole and a cavity.
In addition, according to the present invention, by setting the resonance frequency of the resonator to 160 to 630 Hz, it is possible to solve the problem of a decrease in sound insulation performance due to a resonance transmission phenomenon in a sound range of 200 to 500 Hz in a general multilayer glass.
[0043]
Moreover, according to this invention, when at least 1 sheet glass is a laminated glass, it is excellent in safety | security and can contribute to the function improvement as multilayer glass.
Further, according to the present invention, by encapsulating sulfur hexafluoride gas, argon gas or krypton gas in the hollow layer, wave energy loss due to the difference in sound speed between the media occurs, and the sound insulation performance is improved. It is done.
[0044]
Moreover, according to this invention, the assembly operation of a multilayer glass can be simplified by integrating a spacer member and the said rod-shaped member via a connection member.
Moreover, according to this invention, a connection member and / or the said rod-shaped member are made into a transparent member, and a connection member etc. cannot disturb transparency easily, and is preferable as multilayer glass.
Further, according to the present invention, an acoustic resistance material is disposed in at least one opening of the through hole, so that an effect of absorbing sound in a wide frequency range can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part for explaining an outline of an embodiment of a double glass according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of an essential part of a rod-shaped member used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part for explaining the outline of another embodiment of the multilayer glass of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing sound transmission loss for each frequency.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Multi-layer glass 2: Plate glass 3: Spacer member 4: Hollow layer 5: Bar-shaped member 6: Through hole 7: Cavity 8: Primary seal 9: Secondary seal 10: Connecting member 11: Acoustic resistance material

Claims (7)

２枚の板ガラス相互をスペーサ部材を介して気密状に隔離することにより板ガラス相互間に中空層を形成してなる複層ガラスにおいて、該複層ガラスの少なくとも１端縁部分において、前記中空層内にはスペーサ部材に平行に該スペーサ部材と所定距離の位置に棒状部材が配設され、棒状部材、スペーサ部材および２枚の板ガラスで画する空洞部を形成しており、前記棒状部材には前記中空層と前記空洞部とを連通する複数個の貫通孔が設けられており、前記棒状部材と前記空洞部とにより共鳴器を形成し、前記スペーサ部材と前記棒状部材との間隔が５〜５０ｍｍであり、前記棒状部材の厚さが５〜２０ｍｍであり、前記貫通孔相互の間隔が３０〜１００ｍｍであり、前記貫通孔の孔径が１〜５ｍｍであり、前記共鳴器の共鳴周波数が１６０〜６３０Ｈｚであることを特徴とする複層ガラス。In a double-glazed glass in which a hollow layer is formed between the glass plates by separating the two glass plates in an air-tight manner via a spacer member, at least one edge portion of the double-glazed glass has the inside of the hollow layer. A bar-shaped member is disposed parallel to the spacer member at a predetermined distance from the spacer member, and a hollow portion defined by the bar-shaped member, the spacer member, and two plate glasses is formed. A plurality of through-holes communicating the hollow layer and the hollow portion are provided, a resonator is formed by the rod-shaped member and the hollow portion, and an interval between the spacer member and the rod-shaped member is 5 to 50 mm. The thickness of the rod-shaped member is 5 to 20 mm, the interval between the through holes is 30 to 100 mm, the diameter of the through holes is 1 to 5 mm, and the resonance frequency of the resonator is 16 Double glazing, which is a ～630Hz. 前記板ガラスの厚さが２〜３０ｍｍであり、板ガラス相互の間隔が４〜３０ｍｍである請求項１に記載の複層ガラス。The multilayer glass according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the plate glass is 2 to 30 mm, and the distance between the plate glasses is 4 to 30 mm. 少なくとも１枚の板ガラスが合わせガラスである請求項１または２に記載の複層ガラス。The multilayer glass according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein at least one sheet glass is laminated glass. 前記中空層に六フッ化硫黄ガス、アルゴンガスまたはクリプトンガスが封入された請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の複層ガラス。The multilayer glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the hollow layer is filled with sulfur hexafluoride gas, argon gas, or krypton gas. 前記スペーサ部材と前記棒状部材とが連結部材を介して一体化してなる請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の複層ガラス。The multilayer glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the spacer member and the rod-shaped member are integrated via a connecting member. 前記連結部材および／または前記棒状部材が透明部材である請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載の複層ガラス。The coupling member and / or multiple glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said rod-like member is a transparent member. 前記貫通孔の少なくとも一方の開口部には音響抵抗材が配されてなる請求項１〜６のいずれかに記載の複層ガラス。The multilayer glass according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein an acoustic resistance material is disposed in at least one opening of the through hole.
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