JP4731853B2 - How to distinguish the phase sequence of distribution lines - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention determines the phase connection order of the high-voltage distribution lines at each slave station installation point by using a master station installed at a sales office of the distribution system and a plurality of slave stations installed at appropriate locations corresponding to the high-voltage distribution lines. Regarding the method.

  FIG. 10 (a) shows the laying state of a conventional high-voltage distribution line, and FIG. 10 (b) shows the laying state of a recent high-voltage distribution line.

  When laying high-voltage distribution lines in a high-voltage distribution system, the distribution substation (hereinafter abbreviated as “substation”) that is the source of voltage transmission and the high-voltage distribution line pole switches (hereinafter referred to as “switches”) Are designed and designed to be connected in the same phase sequence as much as possible. In laying high-voltage distribution lines, as shown in Fig. 10 (a), identification can be performed by installing color-coded plates indicating the phase order on the support arm portions of the utility poles connecting the high-voltage distribution lines. Like that. The phase sequence connected to the switch at each point is used as the information of the slave station connected to the switch at each point to the base that manages multiple high-voltage distribution systems after construction (hereinafter referred to as “sales office”). It is input to the installed computer and is centrally managed for each high-voltage distribution system.

  Conventionally, since the three phases were laid in parallel from the substation, the phase order did not change and management was easy. However, in recent years, as shown in FIG. In many cases, the laying configuration cannot be maintained.

  As a major factor, depending on the separation situation between the electric wire and the building or tree, the landscape of the electric wire, etc., there are cases where high voltage distribution lines have to be laid in parallel, and when returning in parallel on separate power poles, This is because it may not be possible to return to the same phase order depending on the surrounding conditions and construction procedures. Therefore, it has become necessary to install color-coded plates indicating the phase order on many utility poles. However, in recent years, installation of plates has been often omitted due to its complexity, and confirmation of the phase order is necessary. In fact, there is no other means of confirmation other than following from the substation each time. In addition, because the high voltage distribution lines may be buried underground due to consideration of the environment and landscape, it is not easy to check the phase sequence of the high voltage distribution lines from the substation, and it takes a lot of time. The top is almost impossible.

  However, in recent years, high-quality electricity has been demanded due to the spread of distributed power sources, etc., and it is necessary to manage the voltage and current for each phase and to use a single-phase pole transformer connected to a high-voltage distribution line. It is necessary to manage the connection status for each phase and to balance the voltage and current for each phase. For that purpose, if the management of the phase order of the high-voltage distribution lines for each slave station installation point becomes possible by the phase order discrimination method that does not depend on each of the above-mentioned factors, the problem can be solved very effectively.

  The objective of this invention is providing the phase connection order determination method (henceforth a phase order determination method) of the distribution line which eliminates the subject of the above-mentioned conventional method and becomes easily manageable.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention provides a master station equipped with a transceiver for summarizing slave stations, wherein any one of a plurality of slave stations is a reference slave station, and any other arbitrary one Is designated as a determination slave station, and the reference and determination slave station simultaneously receive a command relating to phase order determination to simultaneously start detection of a zero-crossing point of either the rising or falling of the voltage waveform of the high-voltage distribution line, After detecting the zero cross point, the reference and determination slave station adds time (internal processing time) required for processing internally, and immediately transmits the zero cross point detection data to the master station using the IP protocol. station, the zero-crossing point detection data to which the reference and determining slave station transmits, to record the time that has received the detection data, by subtracting the internal processing time of the base Junko station from the detected data reception time of the Kijunko station Reference slave station correction The average value of the time interval of the reference slave station correction time is defined as one cycle time of the system frequency of the high-voltage distribution system, and 1/3 of the one cycle time is defined as the phase difference time of the phase sequence. A constant ratio of the forward phase difference time is set as the phase order discrimination allowable error time, and the judgment slave station correction time is obtained by subtracting the internal processing time of the judgment slave station from the time when the detection data of the judgment slave station is received, The first phase is determined to be in-phase when the condition (1) is satisfied, 120 degrees delayed if the condition (2) is satisfied, and 120 degrees advanced if the condition (3) is satisfied . There are features.
(1) (reference slave station correction time + phase order discrimination allowable error time)> judgment slave station correction time> (reference slave station correction time-phase sequence discrimination allowable error time)
(2) (reference slave station correction time + phase difference time + phase order discrimination allowable error time)> determination slave station correction time> (reference slave station correction time + phase difference time−phase order discrimination allowable error time)
(3) (reference slave station correction time + 2 × phase difference time + phase sequence determination allowable error time)> determination slave station correction time> (reference slave station correction time + 2 × phase difference time−phase sequence determination allowable error time)

In addition, when the total number of valid data used for phase order discrimination among the data received from the slave station by the master station is lower than a certain ratio with respect to the designated number of detections, the phase sequence discrimination is performed any number of times. Alternatively, the second feature is that the process is repeated a certain number of times. In addition, when the ratio of the total number of data corresponding to the phase sequence determination result is lower than a certain ratio with respect to the total number of valid data used for the phase sequence determination by the master station, the phase sequence determination is performed any number of times or a fixed number. The third feature is that the number of times is redone.

  According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) It is equipped with a transmitter / receiver that generalizes the slave stations with any one of the slave stations equipped with transmitters / receivers installed in the high-voltage distribution system as a reference slave station and any one as a determination slave station. Therefore, it is possible to determine the phase sequence of any slave station installation point in the high-voltage distribution system.

  (2) The reliability of phase sequence discrimination can be improved by continuously detecting the rising or falling zero-cross point of the voltage waveform of the high-voltage distribution line.

  (3) The master station records the time at which the slave station continuously receives the zero-cross point detection data transmitted by the slave station for all data, and the recording time interval at which the reference slave station data is received out of the recorded time. Is defined as one cycle time of the system frequency of the high-voltage distribution system, 1/3 of one cycle time of the system frequency of the high-voltage distribution system is defined as a phase difference time in phase order, and a constant ratio of the phase rank phase time Is used as the phase order discrimination allowable error time as a phase sequence discrimination condition, so that there is no need to have a specific value for each high voltage distribution system, and phase sequence discrimination independent of the frequency of the high voltage distribution system is possible.

  (4) The slave station specifies in the data to be transmitted to the master station the time that the slave station took to process internally, and the master station recorded the data recorded by the slave station continuously (hereinafter referred to as continuous transmission). By subtracting the internal processing time specified in the data of the slave station from the data recording time), the time for detecting the zero cross point can be corrected, and the reliability of the phase order determination can be improved.

  (5) When the total number of valid data used for phase order discrimination is lower than a certain percentage of the specified number of detections among the data received from the slave station, the master station performs phase sequence discrimination any number of times. Alternatively, the reliability of the phase order determination can be improved by providing a function for performing a predetermined number of times.

  (6) When the ratio of the total number of data corresponding to the phase order discrimination result is lower than a certain ratio with respect to the total number of valid data used for phase order discrimination, the master station performs phase sequence discrimination any number of times or constant The reliability of the phase order determination can be improved by providing the function of performing the number of times over.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In view of the above-described problems of the prior art, the present inventor sets any one of a plurality of slave stations installed at appropriate locations corresponding to a master station installed at a sales office and a high-voltage distribution line as a reference slave station, arbitrarily By using one unit as a decision slave station and transmitting and receiving data using the IP protocol, it is possible to determine the phase sequence at any location of multiple slave stations installed at appropriate locations corresponding to high-voltage distribution lines. Invented.

  FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

  The optical IP master station 1 installed in the sales office of the distribution system and a plurality (for example, about 500 units per optical system) of optical IP slave stations 5 installed at appropriate locations of the high-voltage distribution line 11 are respectively connected to the transceivers 1a and 6a. The optical IP master station 1 and the optical IP slave station 5 are connected by a one-to-n system by a single optical fiber cable 4, and the optical IP master station 1 and the optical IP slave station 5 communicate by the IP protocol. It is carried out. The optical IP master station 1 generalizes each of the optical IP slave stations 5.

  Electrical IP communication data (data communicated in accordance with the IP protocol) output from the optical IP master station 1 is input to a SW-Hub (switch hub) 2 also installed in the sales office, MC is abbreviated to 3) and is converted to an optical signal and transmitted to the optical IP slave station 5 using the optical fiber cable 4 as a transmission medium. The IP communication data that reaches the optical IP slave station 5 is converted into an electrical signal by the built-in optical SW-Hub 8, reaches the processing unit 6, and is processed. 9 is a switch, 10 is a high voltage switch built-in sensor, and 11 is a high voltage distribution line.

  In addition, since it is necessary to transmit IP communication data to the optical IP slave station 5 in the subsequent stage even in the event of a power failure, the optical IP slave station 5 serves as a backup power source for the optical SW-Hub 8. A battery 7 is included. In addition to the type in which the optical SW-Hub 8 is backed up by the battery 7, the optical IP slave station 5 includes a type in which the optical SW 12 is built in as a battery-less type. This type of optical IP slave station is denoted by reference numeral 5 '.

  In this type of optical IP slave station 5 ′, the IP communication data from the master station is input to the optical SW 12 and transmitted to the processing unit 6 via the optical SW-Hub 8 when there is no power failure. On the other hand, the optical IP slave station 5 in the subsequent stage is transmitted via the optical SW 12 via the optical SW-Hub 8 again. However, since the power supply of the optical SW 12 is lost at the time of a power failure, the optical SW 12 passes through the optical SW 12 as it is without passing through the optical SW-Hub 8, and the IP communication data is transmitted to the optical IP slave station 5 in the subsequent stage. Tell.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a data flow in the network when a phase order determination data request is transmitted from the master station 1.

  The master station 1 transmits the phase order determination data request 31 by using UDP / IP (User Dtagram Protocol / Internet Protocol) broadcast, which is a connectionless protocol. The phase order determination data request 31 transmitted by broadcasting is received almost simultaneously by all the slave stations in the network. The phase order discrimination data request 31 specifies a slave station number serving as a reference slave station, a slave station number serving as a decision slave station, a phase to be discriminated, and the number of times to detect a zero cross point. If either the slave station number serving as a slave station or the slave station number serving as a judgment slave station is the same as the slave station number set in the local station, the discrimination specified in the phase order discrimination data request is performed. Starts zero-cross point detection of phase voltage waveform. For example, when the slave station number of the reference slave station is 1 and the slave station number of the judgment slave station is specified as 4, the processing unit of the slave station 21 and the slave station 24 is the target of the phase order determination data request. Recognizing that it is a slave station, the detection of the zero-cross point of the phase in which discrimination is performed from the data (voltage waveform) captured by the waveform capturing unit is started.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating operations of the slave stations that are the reference slave station and the determination slave station.

  When the reference slave station and the determination slave station detect the zero-cross point of the rising of the voltage waveform of the phase to be determined, the reference slave station and the determination slave station transmit zero-cross point detection data to the master station. The zero cross point detection data includes the number of times the detection data is transmitted (serial number), the phase to be detected, and the time required for processing inside the slave station. The reference slave station and the determination slave station repeat detection of the zero cross point and transmission of detection data up to the number of times specified by the phase order determination data request. The zero cross point may be a zero cross point at the falling edge of the voltage waveform.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an operation when the master station receives zero-cross point detection data from the reference slave station and the determination slave station.

  The master station transmits the zero-cross point detection data contents from the reference slave station and the determination slave station and the elapsed time (hereinafter referred to as the zero-cross point detection data from the reference station and the determination station) after transmitting the phase order determination data request. "Data reception time") is recorded for all data. The data reception time is recorded with an accuracy (for example, 0.1 msec unit) that can calculate one cycle time of the system frequency (for example, 60 Hz) of the high-voltage distribution system.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an outline of the processing of the master station regarding the phase order determination. In step S1, a phase order discrimination data request is made. In step S2, the zero cross detection data is received from the reference slave station and the determination slave station, and the contents of the zero cross detection data and the data reception time are recorded. In step S3, a phase order determination process is performed.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the overall flow of the phase sequence determination processing in step S3. The phase order determination process is roughly divided into 6 steps (steps S11 to S16). FIG. 7 is a diagram showing details of the processing content of step S11 of FIG.

  First, the master station obtains a value obtained by subtracting the slave station internal processing time of the reference slave station from the data reception time for all data of the reference slave station (hereinafter abbreviated as “reference slave station correction time”). Calculate the average value of the data reception interval for the correction time. This average value is defined as one cycle time (hereinafter abbreviated as “cycle time”) of the system frequency of the high-voltage distribution system. If there is no problem in the communication network and the voltage waveform is normal, for example, if the system frequency is 60 Hz, the cycle time is about 16.67 msec.

  Next, 1/3 of the period time is set as a phase difference reference time (hereinafter referred to as “phase difference time”). Further, a constant ratio of 1/2 of the phase difference time (for example, 75%), that is, phase difference time × 1/2 × error rate (for example, 75%) is set as an in-phase determination allowable error (hereinafter referred to as “determination error”). Abbreviated). In the above example, the phase difference time is 5.56 ms, and the determination error is 2.09 ms. The above three types of values are used as the phase order discrimination conditions.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing details of the processing content of step S12 of FIG. Also for all data of the determination slave station, a value obtained by subtracting the slave station processing time of the determination slave station from the data reception time (hereinafter referred to as “determination slave station correction time”) is obtained. Here, when the determination slave station correction time is compared with the reference slave station correction time, the time lag from when the slave station receives the phase sequence determination data request until the zero cross point detection is started, and the voltage waveform Depending on the capture processing state, the time of the first data may be shifted by one cycle, so this data shift needs to be adjusted. FIG. 8 shows an example when this data shift occurs. Specifically, if | first data of reference slave station modification time−first data of judgment slave station modification time |> (phase difference time × 2 + decision error) is satisfied, reference slave station modification time or judgment slave station Shift the correction time by one data.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the processing content of step S13 in FIG. After adjusting the data deviation, the reference slave station correction time and the determination slave station correction time are inspected based on the phase order determination condition. (1) If the determination slave station correction time is within (± determination error) with respect to the reference slave station correction time, the reference slave station and the determination slave station are in phase and the in-phase count is +1. (2) If the judgment slave station correction time is within (+ phase difference time ± judgment error), the judgment slave station is 120 degrees behind the reference slave station, and the 120 degree delay count is set to +1. (3) If the determination slave station correction time is within (+ phase difference time × 2 ± determination error), the determination slave station has advanced 120 degrees with respect to the reference slave station, and the count is advanced by 120 degrees and the count is incremented by +1. If the above three conditions are not met, the data is invalid.

  In step S14 of FIG. 6, after the inspection in step S13, the ratio of the total number of data corresponding to the above three conditions is less than a certain ratio (for example, less than 80%) with respect to the number of zero cross point detections designated by the master station. For example, it is determined that the reliability of the data used for the inspection is insufficient, and the phase sequence determination is performed again. For example, if the number of zero crossing points detected is 50 and the total number of data corresponding to the above three conditions is 35, the ratio is 35 ÷ 50 = 70%. Then, the processing is restarted from the phase sequence determination data request in step S1 (see FIG. 5). The number of redoes is arbitrary.

  Further, in step S15 of FIG. 6, even when the data reliability is sufficient, the ratio of the count of the most applicable condition to the total number of data corresponding to the three conditions is less than a certain ratio (for example, less than 90%). ), It is determined that the reliability of the phase sequence determination result is insufficient, and the phase sequence determination is performed again. For example, if the number of zero-cross point detections is 50, the total number of data corresponding to the above three conditions is 45, the most applicable condition is in-phase, and the count is 35, the reliability of the entire used data is 45 ÷ 50 = 95%, but the corresponding probability of phase order discrimination is only 35 ÷ 45 = 77.8%. Therefore, it is judged that the reliability of the phase order discrimination result is low, and the phase sequence discrimination data request in step S1 is performed. Start over. The number of redoes is arbitrary or fixed.

  If the determinations in steps S14 and S15 are negative, that is, if the phase order determination is not performed again, the determination result of the determination slave station is determined in step S16 in FIG. For example, if the determination phase is the inner phase and the largest count is the in-phase count, the phase of the determination station with respect to the reference station is determined as the inner phase. If the largest count is 120 degrees behind, it is determined as the middle phase, and if it is advanced 120, it is determined as the outer phase.

  In the present invention, it is possible to centrally manage the phase sequence data of the high-voltage distribution system within a certain range by arranging the master station at a base that manages a plurality of the high-voltage distribution systems.

It is a system diagram which shows the principal part structure of the remote monitoring control communication system of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the flow at the time of the request transmission from a master station to a slave station. It is a figure which shows operation | movement when a slave station receives the request | requirement from a master station. It is a figure which shows operation | movement when a main | base station receives data from a substation. It is a flowchart which shows the outline | summary of the process regarding phase order determination of a master station. It is a flowchart which shows the detail of the phase order discrimination | determination process in a master station. It is explanatory drawing which shows the detail of step S11 among the said phase order discrimination | determination processes. It is explanatory drawing which shows the detail of step S12 among the said phase order discrimination | determination processes. It is explanatory drawing which shows the detail of step S13 among the said phase order discrimination | determination processes. It is a figure which shows the conventional laying form of a high voltage distribution line, and the recent laying form.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Optical IP master station, 2 ... SW-Hub (switching hub), 3 ... MC (media converter), 4 ... Optical fiber cable, 5, 5 '... Optical IP slave station, 6 ... Processing unit, 8 ... Optical SW-Hub, 9, 19 ... Switch, 10 ... Sensor with built-in switch, 11 ... High voltage distribution line, 21-25 ... Slave station 31 ... Phase order discrimination data request.

Claims (3)

In the method of determining the phase connection order of the high-voltage distribution lines at each installation point of a plurality of slave stations installed in the high-voltage distribution system,
A master station provided with a transmitter / receiver for summarizing the slave stations designates any one of the plurality of slave stations as a reference slave station, and any other one as a determination slave station, Have the decision slave station simultaneously receive a command related to phase sequence discrimination and simultaneously start the zero-cross point detection of either the rising or falling voltage waveform of the high-voltage distribution line,
The reference and determination slave station, after detecting the zero cross point, attaches the time required for processing internally (internal processing time), immediately transmits the zero cross point detection data to the master station using the IP protocol,
The master station includes a zero-crossing point detection data to which the reference and determining slave station transmits, to record the time that has received the detection data, internal processing time of the base Junko station from the detected data reception time of the Kijunko station The reference slave station correction time is obtained by subtraction, and the average value of the time interval of the reference slave station correction time is defined as one cycle time of the system frequency of the high-voltage distribution system, and 1/3 of the one cycle time is the phase order. The phase difference time, a certain ratio of the phase difference time of the phase sequence is set as a phase sequence determination allowable error time, and the internal processing time of the determination slave station is subtracted from the time when the detection data of the determination slave station is received. Find the correction time,
The distribution line is characterized in that the phase is determined to be in-phase if the following condition (1) is satisfied, 120 degrees delayed if the condition (2) is satisfied, and 120 degrees advanced if the condition (3) is satisfied. Phase order discrimination method.
(1) (reference slave station correction time + phase order discrimination allowable error time)> judgment slave station correction time> (reference slave station correction time-phase sequence discrimination allowable error time)
(2) (reference slave station correction time + phase difference time + phase order discrimination allowable error time)> determination slave station correction time> (reference slave station correction time + phase difference time−phase order discrimination allowable error time)
(3) (reference slave station correction time + 2 × phase difference time + phase sequence determination allowable error time)> determination slave station correction time> (reference slave station correction time + 2 × phase difference time−phase sequence determination allowable error time) In the phase sequence distinction method of the distribution line according to claim 1,
  If the total number of valid data used for phase order discrimination among the zero cross point detection data received from the slave station by the master station is lower than a certain ratio with respect to the designated number of consecutive detections, the phase order discrimination A method for discriminating the phase sequence of a distribution line, characterized in that the number of times is determined or repeated a certain number of times. In the phase sequence distinction method of the distribution line according to claim 1,
  When the ratio of the total number of data corresponding to the phase sequence determination result is lower than a certain ratio with respect to the total number of valid data used for the phase sequence determination by the master station, the phase sequence determination is repeated an arbitrary number of times or a predetermined number of times. A method for discriminating the phase sequence of a distribution line.

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