JP4721922B2 - Power generation / air conditioning system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention includes a plurality of engine-driven heat pump devices with a power generation function in which a generator and a compressor are linked to an engine, a refrigerant circuit that includes an expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger, and is connected to the compressor. The present invention relates to a power generation / air conditioning system including a power load connected to a commercial power source and configured to be able to supply power generated by a generator to the power load.

  In general, a large-scale consumer such as an office building, a supermarket, or a store building determines a basic charge for one year based on the amount of power received for billing, which is power used within a certain period of time such as 30 minutes, so-called demand.

Under these circumstances, various measures have been taken so as not to exceed demand.
Based on the change over time in the amount of received power received from the commercial power source, the next received power amount is calculated and predicted, and the predicted received power amount is compared with the calculated received power amount and the set power amount. When it is determined that the amount exceeds the amount, an activation signal is output to the engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function, and the generator is driven so that the predicted received power amount does not exceed the set power amount.

  Further, for example, the amount of power used within a predetermined time is detected, and it is predicted that the amount of power used exceeds a predetermined level of power consumption or that the amount of accumulated power used after a predetermined time exceeds a predetermined level. Sometimes a demand warning signal is output, the motor compressor is selectively unloaded or stopped to start the engine compressor, and when the demand warning signal continues to be generated, another motor compressor is selectively Unload or stop to start another engine compressor, effectively cut peak power usage, reduce contract power value, and reduce electricity costs without running out of compressed air and reducing work efficiency Therefore, the operation cost of the entire workplace can be reduced (see Patent Document 1).

In addition, when the secondary battery is charged during a time period when the power demand is small and the discharge power from the secondary battery is supplied to the electrical equipment during a time period when the power demand is large, a direct current from the bidirectional converter device is obtained by the inverter device. There is also one in which power is converted into AC power and supplied to the outside so that the power load can be leveled (see Patent Document 2).
Japanese Patent No. 2679058 Japanese Patent No. 3417365

However, in the case of using only an engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function, control is performed so that the demand is not exceeded only with the generator, and the combination of the power load and the generator is not controlled. There was a disadvantage that could not be handled when the power generation capacity was exceeded.
Also, when determining the demand in the conventional example, the actual received power amount data of the previous year is examined, and a predetermined value is artificially determined based on the maximum received power amount.
In addition, after the demand is determined, a set power amount that is a target value for whether to output a demand warning signal is determined. As described above, when determining the amount of power to be set as a demand or a target value, a large amount of data has to be examined every year, and there is a drawback that it takes time.
Furthermore, because of the human decision, the set power amount that becomes the target value is determined by uniformly subtracting a certain value from the demand, and the set power amount that becomes the target value is set to an unexpectedly large value. In other words, there is a drawback that it becomes uneconomical because it frequently exceeds demand and pays a higher electricity charge than necessary. In addition, the demand is determined to be larger than necessary, and there is a disadvantage that the power charge to be paid becomes high and becomes uneconomical.

The present invention was made in view of such circumstances, the invention according to claim 1 sets the set power amount of the eye Shirubechi appropriately and easily, while suppressing the increase in the received power amount An object of the present invention is to improve economy, and an object of the invention according to claim 2 is to reduce running costs and further improve economy.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 1
An engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function in which a generator and a compressor are linked to the engine;
A refrigerant circuit comprising an expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger and connected to the compressor;
A power load connected to a commercial power source and capable of supplying power generated by the generator;
Received power measuring means for measuring power received from the commercial power source;
Received power amount calculating means for calculating the received power amount by integrating the power measured by the received power measuring means for a predetermined time;
A received power amount predicting means for calculating and predicting a next received power amount based on a temporal change in the received power amount calculated by the received power amount calculating means;
A power amount comparing means for outputting a demand signal when it is determined that the predicted received power amount exceeds the set power amount by comparing the received power amount calculated and predicted by the received power amount predicting unit; and
In response to a demand signal from the power amount comparison means, a power generation control means for driving the generator by outputting a start signal to the engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function;
In the power generation and air conditioning system with
Received power amount storage means for storing a change over time of the received power amount calculated by the received power amount calculation means;
A set power amount calculating means for automatically calculating a target set power amount Ps based on the equation (1) and replacing it with the set power amount in the power amount comparing means;
Power generation and air conditioning system characterized by
Ps = Pmin + (Pmax−Pmin) × k (1)
Pmax: value obtained by adding the total amount of power generation at that time to the maximum amount of power received within the chargeable period stored in the power reception amount storage means. Pmin: when assuming that the generator is generated with maximum capacity from Pmax. Value obtained by subtracting the amount of generated power The coefficient k is a value based on past operating results, or a value set in the range of 0.8 ≧ k ≧ 0.5. As an example, the value obtained by dividing the average amount of generated power during the entire operation time up to the total value of the maximum capacity of the generator can be used. The total operation time may be the time during the summer months when the amount of received power is generally maximum. In addition, k is set in the range of 0.8 ≧ k ≧ 0.5. If it is set to a value exceeding 0.8, it is easy to exceed the amount of billing power when the amount of power received increases rapidly. On the other hand, if it is set to a value less than 0.5, the amount of generated power increases, the frequency of driving the generator increases, and the durability of the engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function tends to decrease. It is.

(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the power generation / air conditioning system of the invention according to claim 1 , when it is predicted that the amount of received power received from the commercial power source will increase and exceed the set power amount, the engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function is started. Then, the generator is driven to suppress the increase in the amount of received power.
In addition, the set power amount serving as the target value can be automatically set based on the maximum received power amount within the charging target period stored in the received power amount storage means.
Therefore, in an engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function, a generator provided inside the engine is used, and the generated power is obtained by the generator to suppress an increase in the received power amount. The increase can be suppressed.
Moreover, since the set power amount that is the target value is automatically set based on the maximum received power amount within the billing target period that is the actual value and the total power generation amount at that time , the setting can be easily performed. it can. In addition, by appropriately setting k, it is possible to appropriately and easily set the set power amount as a target value as a whole, and to suppress the deterioration of durability by driving the generator more than necessary. Therefore, an increase in the amount of received power can be suppressed.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 2
The power generation / air conditioning system according to claim 1 ,
An operation stop state determination means for determining an engine drive type heat pump device with a power generation function that is in an operation stop state,
A total operation time measuring means provided in each engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function for measuring the total operation time;
When there are a plurality of engine-driven heat pump devices with a power generation function determined by the operation stop state determination unit, the total operation time selected by the total operation time measurement unit is selected with priority. Operating time selection means,
The power generation control means is configured to output a start signal to the engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function selected by the total operation time selection means in response to a demand signal to drive the generator.

(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the power generation / air conditioning system of the invention according to claim 2 , when there are a plurality of engine-driven heat pump devices with a power generation function in a stopped state, priority is given to the engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function with a short total operation time. Start up automatically and drive the generator to suppress the increase in the amount of received power.
Therefore, the total operation time of a plurality of engine-driven heat pump devices with a power generation function can be leveled, and when performing maintenance based on the operation time, maintenance for a plurality of engine-driven heat pump devices with a power generation function can be performed at one time. It is possible to reduce the running cost in addition to the appropriate setting of the amount of received power for billing, and further improve the economic efficiency.

As is clear from the above description, according to the power generation / air conditioning system of the invention according to claim 1, when it is predicted that the amount of received power received from the commercial power source will increase and exceed the set power amount, a power generation function is provided. The engine-driven heat pump device is activated to drive the generator and suppress the increase in the amount of received power.
In addition, the set power amount serving as the target value can be automatically set based on the maximum received power amount within the charging target period stored in the received power amount storage means.
Therefore, in an engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function, a generator provided inside the engine is used, and the generated power is obtained by the generator to suppress an increase in the received power amount. The increase can be suppressed.
In addition, since the set power amount serving as the target value is automatically set based on the maximum received power amount within the chargeable period, which is an actually measured value, the setting can be easily performed. In addition, by appropriately setting k, it is possible to appropriately and easily set the set power amount as a target value as a whole, and to suppress the deterioration of durability by driving the generator more than necessary. Therefore, an increase in the amount of received power can be suppressed.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an embodiment of a power generation and air conditioning system according to the present invention, the roof to five power generation function engine driving type heat pump device 2 of the building 1 is provided.
As shown in the front view of FIG. 2A, the engine-driven heat pump device 2 with a power generation function interlocks a generator 6 with one of the output shafts 4 of the engine 3 via a power generation clutch 5 and outputs an output. The other end of the shaft 4 is configured by interlockingly connecting a compressor 10 via a belt type transmission mechanism 7, a compressor transmission mechanism 8 and an air conditioning clutch 9.

The engine housing 11 is provided with a cooling fan 12, and is configured to convert the DC power from the generator 6 into AC power through a converter 15 and an inverter 16 and supply the fan motor 13 and the cooling water pump 14. ing.
Moreover, it is comprised so that the electric power generated from the generator 6 converted into alternating current power can be supplied to electric power loads, such as the illumination in the building 1, via the inverter 16 and the receiving / transforming equipment 17. FIG. The power receiving / transforming equipment 17 is configured to supply commercial power via a power line 18.

  A refrigerant circuit 19 is connected to the compressor 10 (details of an outdoor heat exchanger, a four-way switching valve, etc. are omitted), and an indoor heat exchanger installed in the building 1 is connected to the refrigerant circuit 19. 20 and an expansion valve 21 are provided, and the compressor 10 is driven by the engine 3 using city gas as fuel, and cooling and heating can be performed corresponding to each floor.

As shown in the block diagram of the power generation control system in FIG. 3, the power receiving / transforming equipment 17 is provided with received power measuring means 22 for measuring the power received from the commercial power source.
The engine 3 is provided with an engine control unit 25 that controls the start switch 23 and the engine speed control device 24 in addition to the power generation clutch 5, the compressor transmission mechanism 8, and the air conditioning clutch 9 described above.

  The engine control unit 25 includes a total operation time measurement unit 26 that measures the total operation time of the engine 3, an air conditioning load measurement unit 27 that measures the air conditioning load, and an operation mode of the engine-driven heat pump device 2 with a power generation function. Mode selection means 28 that can alternatively set the power generation priority operation mode and the air conditioning priority operation mode, and some generators 6 of the engine-driven heat pump device 2 with a power generation function cannot be operated due to maintenance or the like. An operation disable state setting means 29 is provided for setting so as to exclude in advance the output of the drive start signal for the generator 2 in the operation disabled state. As the inoperable state setting means 29, for example, the engine control unit 25 is provided with an ON-OFF switch for power generation, and is configured to output a power generation disabling signal by pressing the OFF switch.

A microcomputer 30 is connected to the received power measuring means 22, and a timer 31 that is reset every 30 minutes, an engine control unit 25, and a temperature setting device of the electric air conditioning equipment 32 as a power load are connected to the microcomputer 30. Has been.
The microcomputer 30 includes a received power amount calculation means 33, a received power amount prediction means 34, a power amount comparison means 35, an inoperable state determination means 36, an operation stop state determination means 37, a total operation time selection means 38, and an air conditioning load selection. Means 39, power generation control means 40 and power load control means 41 are provided.

The received power amount calculating means 33 calculates the received power amount at the set time by integrating the power measured by the received power measuring means 22 for a predetermined time (30 minutes) set by the timer 31.
In the received power amount prediction means 34, the power measured by the received power measurement means 22 is set based on, for example, a change over time in the received power amount obtained by integrating the received power amount calculation means 33 every minute. The amount of received power in time is calculated and predicted. For example, after 10 minutes have passed within the set time, 20 times the received power amount for the next 1 minute is added to the received power amount for 10 minutes. The amount of received power, that is, the next received power amount is calculated and predicted. As a method for calculating and predicting the next received power amount, various forms can be adopted.

  In the power amount comparison unit 35, the received power amount calculated and predicted by the received power amount prediction unit 34 and the set power amount (usually, a power amount smaller than the power amount used as a contract reference is set. If the contract power amount is expected to increase due to an increase in the number of computers, etc., the predicted power reception amount may be set compared with the power amount that is greater than the contract reference power amount). A demand signal is output when it is determined that the amount is exceeded.

  The inoperable state determination unit 36 is based on a power generation disabling signal input from the inoperable state setting unit 29 of the engine control unit 25, that is, based on a power generation disabling signal output when the power generation ON-OFF switch is in the OFF state. Thus, it is determined which of the engine-driven heat pump devices 2 with a power generation function is in an inoperable state, and the drive control signal is output from the power generation control means 40 to the generator 6 of the corresponding engine control unit 25. Is supposed to be excluded.

  The operation stop state discriminating means 37 operates based on the signal input from the engine control unit 25 based on whether the start switch 23 is in the ON state or the OFF state, and operates in the engine-driven heat pump device 2 with the power generation function. Each of the ones in the stopped state and the ones in the operating state are discriminated.

  In the total operation time priority selection means 38, the total operation time measured by the total operation time measurement means 26 when there are a plurality of engine-driven heat pump devices 2 with a power generation function determined by the operation stop state determination means 37. Priority is given to the item with less time.

  In the air-conditioning load selection means 39, when there is no engine-driven heat pump device 2 with a power generation function in the operation stop state determined by the operation stop state determination means 37, the engine-driven heat pump device 2 with a power generation function in the operation state The air-conditioning load measuring means 27 measures a small air-conditioning load and selects it with priority.

  In the power load control means 41, when all the drivable generators 6 are driven by the power generation control means 40 and a demand signal is received, that is, even if the power generation capacity on the system reaches the maximum power generation capacity, the power amount comparison is performed. When a demand signal is output from the means 35, a power reduction signal is output to the electric air-conditioning equipment 32. For example, the set temperature of the temperature setter is increased by 1 ° C. during cooling operation. A predetermined temperature (for example, 1 ° C.) is adjusted to the side where the air conditioning load is reduced.

With the above configuration, in response to the demand signal from the power amount comparison means 35, the power generation control means 40 controls the driving of the engine-driven heat pump device 2 with a power generation function and can suppress an increase in the amount of received power. This will be explained next.
In response to the demand signal in response to the demand signal being output when the power amount comparison means 35 determines that the predicted received power amount exceeds the set power amount, the operation stop state determination means 37 has a power generation function in the operation stop state. The engine-driven heat pump device 2 is discriminated.

  Here, when there are a plurality of engine-driven heat pump devices 2 with a power generation function in the operation stop state, priority is given to the operation mode selection means 28 set in the power generation priority operation mode, and the total operation time selection means 38 The engine-driven heat pump device 2 with the power generation function with the shorter total operation time is selected, a start signal is output, and the generator 6 is driven.

  When the power generation is sequentially performed according to the above-described procedure and the engine-driven heat pump device 2 with the power generation function in the operation stopped state is lost, the engine-driven heat pump device 2 with the power generation function in the operation state is selected.

  Here, when there are a plurality of engine-driven heat pump devices 2 with a power generation function in the operating state, the operation mode selection unit 28 gives priority to the one set in the power generation priority operation mode, and the air conditioning load selection unit 39 controls the air conditioning load. The engine-driven heat pump device 2 with a smaller power generation function is selected to output a power generation amount increase signal, and the engine speed is increased without reducing the air conditioning capacity.

  When the engine speed is increased, the rotational speed of the variable capacity type compressor 10 is decreased by the compressor speed change mechanism 8 so as to be inversely proportional to the increase of the engine speed, and the rotational speed of the generator 6 is increased. Thus, while the amount of generated power is increased, the rotation speed of the compressor 10 is maintained constant to maintain the discharge capacity constant, and the air conditioning capacity is not substantially reduced.

  FIG. 2B is a front view of an engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function equipped with a fixed capacity type compressor. Two compressors 10 are provided, and the output shafts of both the compressors 10 and the engine 1 are shown. 4 are linked together through one belt-type transmission mechanism 7 and individual air-conditioning clutch 9.

  When this fixed capacity type compressor 10 is used, as the engine speed increases, one of the air-conditioning clutches 9 is disconnected and the number of compressors 10 operated is reduced to 2 as the engine speed increases twice. By changing from one to one, the change in the discharge capacity is suppressed, and the air conditioning capacity is not substantially reduced.

  As described above, even when all the generators 2 on the system are driven at the maximum power generation capacity, when a demand signal is output from the power amount comparison means 35, a power reduction signal is output to the electric air conditioning equipment 32. By adjusting the set temperature of the temperature setting device, the amount of power supplied to the electric air conditioning equipment 32 is reduced, the amount of power received from the commercial power supply is prevented from increasing, and the amount of power received temporarily increases. It is possible to avoid an increase in the contracted electric energy that is caused.

That is, as shown in the diagram for explaining the operation of suppressing the increase in the amount of received power in FIG. 4, the load of the electric air conditioning equipment 32 increases due to an increase in the cooling load in summer, etc. When it is predicted that it will increase and exceed the set power amount [FIG. 4A], first, the power generation amount of the generator 2 is increased [FIG. 4B]. Thereby, an increase in the amount of received power is suppressed.
After that, even if all the generators 2 on the system are driven at the maximum power generation capacity, when it is predicted that the amount of received power will increase and exceed the set power amount, the set temperature of the temperature setter of the electric air conditioning equipment 32 Is adjusted to reduce the amount of electric power supplied to the electric air-conditioning equipment 32 [(c) of FIG. 4], thereby suppressing an increase in the amount of electric power received from the commercial power source.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a setting control system for the set power amount and the billing received power amount in the embodiment of the power generation / air conditioning system according to the present invention. The microcomputer 29 includes the received power amount storage means 42, the generated power amount. Storage means 43, addition means 44, and set power amount calculation means 45 are provided.

The received power amount storage means 42 stores a change with time of the received power amount calculated by the received power amount calculation means 33.
The power generation amount storage means 43 stores the total value of the power generation amount of the generator 6 at the maximum received power amount within the chargeable period stored in the received power amount storage means 42.
In the adding means 44, a value Pmax obtained by adding the maximum received power amount within the chargeable period stored in the received power amount storage means 42 and the total value of the power generation amount of the generator 6 stored in the power generation amount storage means 43. Is calculated.

In the set power amount calculation means 45, the value Pmax from the addition means 44, the value Pmin obtained by subtracting the generated power amount when it is assumed that the five generators 6 are generated with the maximum capacity from the value Pmax, and the coefficient k. Based on the above, these values are substituted into the equation (1) to automatically calculate the set power amount Ps that is the target value of the control. The set power amount Ps calculated by the set power amount calculating means 45 is replaced with the set power amount in the power amount comparing means 35.
Ps = Pmin + (Pmax−Pmin) × k (1)
The amount of power generated when it is assumed that the five generators 6 have been generated with the maximum capacity is a value determined at the stage of constructing the system.
The coefficient k is a value based on the past driving performance or a value set in a range of 0.8 ≧ k ≧ 0.5.
An example of the value based on the past operation results is to use a value obtained by dividing the average power generation amount during the entire operation time so far by the total value of the maximum capacity of the generator. The total operation time may be the time during the summer months when the amount of received power is generally maximum. For example, in the first year when the system is operated, an intermediate value k = 0.5 is set, and after that, a large value k = 0.7, k = 0.8, or the like is set.

The present invention includes not only the configuration of the embodiment but also the following configuration.
(1) A system provided with one engine-driven heat pump device 2 with a power generation function.
(2) A system that automatically calculates and sets only a set power amount that is a target value.
(3) A system that does not include the total operation time measurement means 26 and the total operation time selection means 38.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the engine drive type heat pump apparatus 2 with an electric power generation function is installed on the rooftop, the installation place can be changed suitably.

In the above embodiment, after exceeding the maximum generating capacity of the system, to suppress an increase in received power amount so as to adjust the set temperature of the temperature setting apparatus for an electric air-conditioning equipment 32 on the side where the air-conditioning load decreases However, the present invention is configured to reduce the amount of power supplied from the commercial power source to the power load, for example, by stopping the ventilation fan or turning off part of the lighting equipment. If there are, various modifications are possible.

  As the engine 3 of the above-described embodiment, various engines such as a general-purpose gas engine, a diesel engine, and a gasoline engine can be used.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the Example of the electric power generation and air conditioning system which concerns on this invention. (A) is a front view of an engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function provided with a variable capacity type compressor, and (b) is a front view of an engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function provided with a fixed capacity type compressor. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows a power generation control system. It is a figure where it uses for description of operation | movement of the increase suppression of received electric energy. It is a block diagram which shows the setting control system of the setting electric energy of the Example of the electric power generation and air-conditioning system which concerns on this invention, and the amount of electric power for charging.

2 ... Engine-driven heat pump with power generation function
3 ... Engine
6 ... generator 10 ... compressor 19 ... refrigerant circuit 20 ... indoor heat exchanger 21 ... expansion valves 22 ... received power measurement unit 26 ... total operating time measurement hands stage
3 2 ... Electric air-conditioning equipment (electric power load)
33 ... received power amount calculating means 34 ... receiving power amount prediction means 35 ... power quantity comparing unit 37 ... operation stop state determining means 38 ... total operating time selection means 40 ... power generation control hand stage
4 2... Received power amount storage means 45... Set power amount calculation means

Claims (2)

An engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function in which a generator and a compressor are linked to the engine;
A refrigerant circuit comprising an expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger and connected to the compressor;
A power load connected to a commercial power source and capable of supplying power generated by the generator;
Received power measuring means for measuring power received from the commercial power source;
Received power amount calculating means for calculating the received power amount by integrating the power measured by the received power measuring means for a predetermined time;
A received power amount predicting means for calculating and predicting a next received power amount based on a temporal change in the received power amount calculated by the received power amount calculating means;
A power amount comparing means for outputting a demand signal when it is determined that the predicted received power amount exceeds the set power amount by comparing the received power amount calculated and predicted by the received power amount predicting unit; and
In response to a demand signal from the power amount comparison means, a power generation control that outputs a start signal to an engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function and drives the generator so that a predicted received power amount does not exceed a set power amount Means,
In the power generation and air conditioning system with
Received power amount storage means for storing a change over time of the received power amount calculated by the received power amount calculation means;
A set power amount calculating means for automatically calculating a target set power amount Ps based on the equation (1) and replacing it with the set power amount in the power amount comparing means;
Generating and air conditioning system comprising the.
Ps = Pmin + (Pmax−Pmin) × k (1)
Pmax: a value obtained by adding the total amount of power generation at that time to the maximum amount of received power stored in the billing period stored in the received power amount storage unit
Pmin: A value obtained by subtracting the amount of power generated when it is assumed that the generator is generated with the maximum capacity from Pmax.
The coefficient k is a value based on past driving performance or a value set in a range of 0.8 ≧ k ≧ 0.5 The power generation / air conditioning system according to claim 1,
An operation stop state determination means for determining an engine drive type heat pump device with a power generation function that is in an operation stop state,
A total operation time measuring means provided in each engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function for measuring the total operation time;
When there are a plurality of engine-driven heat pump devices with a power generation function determined by the operation stop state determination unit, the total operation time selected by the total operation time measurement unit is selected with priority. Operating time selection means,
A power generation / air conditioning system in which a power generation control means outputs a start signal to the engine-driven heat pump device with a power generation function selected by the total operation time selection means in response to a demand signal to drive a generator.

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