JP4719483B2 - Process for producing 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonic acid salt useful in the fields of microorganisms / fermentation, animals / medicine, plants, etc., a method for producing the same, and a plant vitality composition containing the same.

5-Aminolevulinic acid is VB ₁₂ production, heme enzyme production, microbial culture, porphyrin production, etc. in the field of microorganisms and fermentation. In animal and medical fields, treatment of infectious diseases, sterilization, hemophilus diagnosis, derivative raw materials, hair removal, Rheumatism treatment, cancer treatment, thrombus treatment, cancer diagnosis, animal cell culture, UV cut, heme metabolism research, hair growth effect, heavy metal poisoning porphyria diagnosis, anemia prevention, known to be useful for agricultural chemicals in the plant field Yes.

  On the other hand, the production method of 5-aminolevulinic acid is known only as hydrochloride, and hippuric acid (see Patent Document 1), succinic acid monoester chloride (see Patent Document 2), and furfurylamine (for example, Patent Document 3) are used as raw materials. Reference), hydroxymethylfurfural (see Patent Document 4), oxovaleric acid methyl ester (see Patent Document 5), and succinic anhydride (see Patent Document 6) have been reported.

However, since 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride contains hydrochloric acid, it causes device corrosion and irritating odors due to hydrogen chloride vaporized during the manufacturing process, dispensing and segregation process. Therefore, it is desirable to take measures to prevent these. In addition, 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride has a property of partially decomposing at 130 to 156 ° C. and completely decomposing at 156 ° C. or higher, and has a problem that it is difficult to withstand high-temperature heat sterilization.
As a method for solving this problem, a sterilization method by radiation irradiation is known (see Patent Document 7), but this method requires a radiation irradiation apparatus.
Therefore, in order to sterilize by a general and simple heat sterilization method, it is necessary to improve the heat resistance of 5-aminolevulinic acid.

In addition, 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride is used in the field of plants (see Patent Document 8), but when mixed with a germicide component silver nitrate or the like generally used for plants, -Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride and silver nitrate may react to cause precipitation of silver chloride, which may cause the nozzle of the sprayer to become clogged and prevent spraying.
In addition, when a 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride aqueous solution was sprayed directly on fruits, the presence of chloride ions sometimes resulted in insufficient coloring of the fruits.
JP-A-48-92328 JP 62-111954 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-76841 JP-A-6-172281 JP-A-7-188133 JP 9-316041 A JP-T-2001-514243 JP-A-4-338305

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel salt of 5-aminolevulinic acid that can withstand high-temperature heat sterilization, a method for producing the salt, and a plant vitality composition containing the salt.

  As a result of intensive studies in view of such circumstances, the present inventors have identified 5-aminolevulinic acid adsorbed on a cation exchange resin and mixed the effluent with sulfonic acids to identify the above requirements. Of 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate was obtained, and the present invention was completed.

That is, the present invention provides the following general formula (1)
HOCOCH ₂ CH ₂ COCH ₂ NH ₂ and HOSO ₂ R ¹ (1)
[Wherein, R ¹ represents a phenyl group substituted with a lower alkyl group. ]
The 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonic acid salt represented by this is provided.

The present invention further includes eluting 5-aminolevulinic acid adsorbed on the cation exchange resin and mixing the eluate with sulfonic acids, wherein the 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonic acid represented by the general formula (1) is used. A method for producing a salt is provided.
The present invention further provides a plant vital agent composition containing the 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate represented by the general formula (1).

  The 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate of the present invention does not have an irritating odor and is therefore easy to handle. In addition, it has a high decomposition point compared to hydrochloride and has high temperature resistance. Further, according to the production method of the present invention, 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate can be produced simply and efficiently. In addition, since the chloride ion concentration is low, chlorine damage is unlikely to occur during administration to plants.

In the general formula (1), the lower alkyl group substituting the phenyl group represented by R ¹ means an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The lower alkyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic. Examples of the linear or branched alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, an isopentyl group, and a neopentyl group. Tert-pentyl group, 2-methylbutyl group, n-hexyl group, isohexyl group, 3-methylpentyl group, ethylbutyl group, etc., preferably methyl group, ethyl group or n-propyl group, particularly preferably methyl group . Examples of the alkyl group containing a cyclic chain include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a 2-cyclopropylethyl group, and a 2-cyclobutylethyl group. The substitution position and number of the lower alkyl group are not particularly limited, but the number of substituents is preferably 1 to 3, and 1 or 2 is particularly preferred.

  Examples of the phenyl group substituted with a lower alkyl group include 2-methylphenyl group, 3-methylphenyl group, 4-methylphenyl group, 2,3-dimethylphenyl group, 2,4-dimethylphenyl group, 2, 5-dimethylphenyl group, 2,6-dimethylphenyl group, 3,4-dimethylphenyl group, 3,5-dimethylphenyl group, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl group, 3,4,5-trimethylphenyl group, Examples include 2-ethylphenyl group, tert-butylphenyl group, pentylphenyl group, neopentylphenyl group, hexylphenyl group, 4-methylphenyl group, 2,4-dimethylphenyl group or 2,5-dimethylphenyl group. Is particularly preferred.

  The 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate of the present invention represented by the general formula (1) may be a solid or a solution. The solid means a crystal, but may be a hydrate. The solution means a state in which it is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent such as water, but the pH may be adjusted with a pH adjuster or the like. In addition, two or more kinds of solvents including water may be mixed and used. pH adjusters include phosphoric acid, boric acid, phthalic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, tris, acetic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, phthalic acid, maleic acid and their salts. A buffer solution may be mentioned.

  As the solution form of 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate, an aqueous solution is preferable. The concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate in the aqueous solution is preferably 0.01 wt ppm to 10 wt%, more preferably 0.1 wt ppm to 5 wt%, and particularly preferably 1 wt ppm to 1 wt%. The pH of this aqueous solution is preferably 3-7, more preferably 3.5-7, and particularly preferably 4-7. Further, this aqueous solution may contain a salt other than 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate. In this case, the chloride ion concentration is 50 mol% or less, and further 10 mol% of 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate. In the following, 3 mol% or less is particularly preferable.

  The 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate of the present invention can be produced by eluting 5-aminolevulinic acid adsorbed on a cation exchange resin with an ion-containing aqueous solution and mixing the eluate with sulfonic acids. Moreover, 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate can be obtained as a solid by adding a poor solvent to the mixed solution and allowing it to crystallize. The 5-aminolevulinic acid adsorbed on the cation exchange resin is not particularly limited, and the purity and the like are not limited. That is, JP-A-48-92328, JP-A-62-111954, JP-A-2-76841, JP-A-6-172281, JP-A-7-188133, JP-A-11-42083 Those manufactured according to the method described in the gazette and the like, chemical reaction solutions and fermentation solutions before purification thereof, and commercially available products can also be used. Preferably, 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride is used.

  The cation exchange resin may be either a strong acid cation exchange resin or a weak acid cation exchange resin. Moreover, chelate resin can also be used conveniently. Of these, strongly acidic cation exchange resins are preferred. As a kind of strong acid cation exchange resin, the thing which the sulfonic acid group couple | bonded with the polystyrene-type resin is preferable.

  Adsorption of 5-aminolevulinic acid to the cation exchange resin can be carried out by passing a 5-aminolevulinic acid solution dissolved in an appropriate solvent through the cation exchange resin. Such a solvent is not particularly limited as long as 5-aminolevulinic acid dissolves, but water; dimethyl sulfoxide; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol; N, N-dimethylformamide, N Amides such as N-dimethylacetamide; pyridines and the like, and water, dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol or ethanol are preferred, and water, methanol or ethanol are particularly preferred. Two or more solvents may be mixed and used. In addition, when using a chemical reaction solution or fermentation broth before purification, the reaction solvent may be removed or diluted with an appropriate solvent. In addition, you may adjust pH of the said solvent, the chemical reaction solution before fermentation, and a fermentation liquid with the said pH adjuster.

  The ion-containing aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably a sulfonic acid, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide or carbonate, ammonia, an amine, a compound having an amino group dissolved in water, lithium hydroxide, Sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, ammonium carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, ammonia More preferred are methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine and triethylamine dissolved in water, and particularly preferred is ammonia dissolved in water. These aqueous solutions may be used in combination of two or more. The concentration of ammonia water is preferably 0.01 to 10N, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 3N.

  The sulfonic acids mixed with the eluate of 5-aminolevulinic acid include p-toluenesulfonic acid, 2,4-dimethylphenylsulfonic acid, 2,5-dimethylphenylsulfonic acid, 3,5-dimethylphenylsulfonic acid, 2 4,4-trimethylphenylsulfonic acid, etc., and p-toluenesulfonic acid, 2,4-dimethylphenylsulfonic acid or 2,5-dimethylphenylsulfonic acid is particularly preferable. The sulfonic acids may be either hydrates or salts, and those dissolved or dispersed in a suitable solvent can be used preferably. The mixing amount of the sulfonic acids is preferably 1 to 5000 times the molar amount, more preferably 1 to 500 times the molar amount, particularly 1 to 5 times the 5-aminolevulinic acid elution amount estimated from the adsorbed 5-aminolevulinic acid amount. A 50-fold molar amount is preferred. The elution amount of 5-aminolevulinic acid estimated from the amount of adsorbed 5-aminolevulinic acid varies depending on the type of cation exchange resin, the eluent, and the flow rate of the eluate, but usually the amount of adsorbed 5-aminolevulinic acid In contrast, it is 90 to 100%.

  Examples of such solvents include water; dimethyl sulfoxide; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol and isobutanol; amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide; pyridine Examples thereof include water, dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol or ethanol, and water, methanol or ethanol is particularly preferable. Two or more solvents may be mixed and used.

  The poor solvent is not particularly limited as long as a solid is precipitated. Examples of such a solvent include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and isobutanol; diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, Examples include ethers such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, and dimethoxyethane; esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, and γ-butyrolactone; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; and nitriles such as acetonitrile and benzonitrile. Methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, γ-butyrolactone, acetone or acetonitrile are preferred, and methyl acetate, γ-butyrolactone, acetone or acetonitrile are particularly preferred. Two or more solvents may be mixed and used.

  The elution with the ion-containing aqueous solution and the mixing temperature of the eluate and sulfonic acids are preferably −20 to 60 ° C., particularly preferably −10 to 30 ° C. in a state where the eluate and the sulfonic acids are not solidified.

  The 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate of the present invention is obtained by protecting the amino group of 5-aminolevulinic acid with an acyl group, or 1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl on the amino group It may be produced from 5-aminolevulinic acid in which an amino group is protected with a hydrolyzable protecting group, such as those having a protecting group that becomes a type molecular skeleton. Further, the 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate of the present invention can be produced by a method other than the present invention, that is, 2-phenyl-4- (β-alkoxycarbonyl-propionyl) -oxazolin-5-one is used in the desired sulfonic acid. It may be obtained by a method of hydrolyzing and a method of contacting a salt other than a sulfonate such as 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride with a desired sulfonic acid in a solvent. As the sulfonic acids and the reaction solvent, those described above can be used.

Moreover, when using 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate for a plant use, for example, you may contain the fertilizer component etc. which are generally used. As a fertilizer component, the substance currently indicated by patent documents 8 is mentioned.
The 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate of the present invention is useful as a plant activator. When used as a plant activator, it may be used under known conditions. Specifically, it may be used for the method and plant disclosed in Patent Document 8.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 Production of 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate 180 mL of a strongly acidic ion exchange resin (AMBERLITE IR120B Na, manufactured by Organo Corporation) was packed in a column. The ion exchange resin was used after being treated with hydrochloric acid to convert from a sodium ion type to a hydrogen ion type. Next, a solution of 36.00 g (215 mmol) of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride dissolved in 1800 mL of ion-exchanged water was passed through the column, and then 1000 mL of ion-exchanged water was passed through. Next, 1N aqueous ammonia was slowly passed through to collect 555 mL of a yellow eluate. The collected eluate was mixed with 81.72 g (430 mmol) of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate and concentrated with an evaporator. Acetone (400 mL) was added to the concentrate, and the mixture was vigorously stirred with a stirrer and allowed to stand at 4 ° C. for 16 hours. The precipitated solid was collected by suction filtration and washed with 400 mL of acetone. The obtained solid was dried under reduced pressure for 12 hours to obtain 47.78 g (158 mmol) of the desired product. The physical property data is shown below.

Melting point: 186 ° C
¹ H-NMR (D ₂ O, 400 MHz) δ ppm: 2.38 (s, 3H, CH ₃ ), 2.67 (t, 2H, CH ₂ ), 2.84 (t, 2H, CH ₂ ), 4.10 (s, 2H , CH ₂ ), 7.34 (d, 2H, ring H), 7.69 (d, 2H, ring H)
¹³ C-NMR (D ₂ O, 100 MHz) δ ppm: 23 (CH ₃ ), 30 (CH ₂ ), 37 (CH ₂ ), 50 (CH ₂ ), 128 (ring C), 132 (ring C) , 142 (ring C), 145 (ring C), 180 (CO), 207 (COO)
Elemental analysis values: C ₅ H ₉ NO ₃ and C ₇ H ₈ SO ₃ Theoretical values: C 47.52%; H 5.65%; N 4.62%
Actual measurement: C 47.4%; H 5.6%; N 4.6%

Example 2 Odor measurement of 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate
Five subjects directly sniffed the aqueous solution of 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonic acid salt prepared in Example 1 (mixed solution of the eluate from the column and p-toluenesulfonic acid) and the solid odor. The odor was evaluated according to the criteria. The results are shown in Table 1.

・ Evaluation criteria ○: No smell.
Δ: It smells but is not uncomfortable.
X: It smells very unpleasant.

Comparative Example 1
The odor was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2 except that an aqueous solution and a solid of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride were used. It should be noted that the aqueous solution of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride was the same as the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid ion, 5-aminolevulinic acid and chloride in the aqueous solution of 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate of Example 1. It was prepared with a solid of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, hydrochloric acid and ion-exchanged water so that the product ion concentration was the same molar concentration. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 3
Odor was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2 except that an aqueous solution in which 0.5 g of 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate was dissolved in 1 mL of water was used. The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 2
Odor was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2 except that an aqueous solution in which 0.5 g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride was dissolved in 1 mL of water was used. The results are shown in Table 2.

  From Tables 1 and 2, the aqueous solution of 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate showed no odor compared to the aqueous solution of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride. Odor countermeasures and corrosive gas countermeasures necessary for the production of an aqueous solution of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride are unnecessary, and handling is easier. Also, the solid of 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate did not show any odor compared to the solid of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, and handling such as weighing and sealing was easier.

Example 4 (Heat resistance in crystalline state)
The melting point was measured with a melting point meter.

  From Table 3, the retention of the solid form was better for 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate than for 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride.

Example 5 (decomposition experiment by sterilization)
5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate and 50 mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride were sterilized by heating (121 ° C., 20 minutes, 1.5 kgf / cm ² ). After confirming that there was no weight change before and after sterilization, it was confirmed by the method described in the literature [clin. Chem. 36/8, 1494 (1990)] how much 5-aminolevulinic acid was decomposed before and after sterilization. . The results are shown in Table 4.

  As shown in Table 4, 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate was found to be less degradable in high-temperature heat sterilization than 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride.

Example 6 (Silver chloride precipitation generation experiment)
5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate 0.5 g and silver nitrate 0.5 g were dissolved in 10 mL of ion-exchanged water, allowed to stand for 5 minutes, and the state of the liquid was observed. No precipitation was observed.
It should be noted that 0.5 g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride and 0.5 g of silver nitrate were dissolved in 10 mL of ion-exchanged water and allowed to stand for 5 minutes to observe the state of the liquid. The occurrence of precipitation was observed.

Example 7 (plant vitality effect)
A magnetic pot with an inner diameter of 12 cm was filled with 600 g of field soil, and 12 seeds of radish were sown, covered with 5 mm, and grown in a greenhouse. The foliage spraying treatment with the spray liquid described once a day was performed. The state of the leaves after 21 days was observed. The results are summarized in Table 5.

  From Table 5, it was confirmed that 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate had the same or better plant vitality effect than 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride.

Example 8 (Apple Coloring Experiment)
The 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate obtained in Example 1 was dissolved in ion-exchanged water to obtain the predetermined concentrations shown in Table 6. A spreading agent (“Approach B1” manufactured by Maruwa Biochemical Co., Ltd.) was added to the solution so that the concentration was 0.1% by weight. The pH was adjusted using p-toluenesulfonic acid.
All of the above were prepared in the same manner except that the above 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonic acid salt was changed to 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride and p-toluenesulfonic acid was changed to hydrochloric acid.
The fruit of the apple “Fuji” came to fruition, and 3 L of the prepared liquid was sprayed onto 3 main branches that were not yet colored red (September 15). About two months later (November 6), apples were harvested and the degree of coloring was examined. For the measurement of coloring, a color saturation meter CR-200 manufactured by Minolta Co., Ltd. was used. The results are shown in Table 6.

  In the Lab values in Table 6, L represents brightness, a represents red, and b represents yellow. Therefore, the higher the value of a, the darker the red. 5-Aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate was darker in red than 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride.

The chloride ion concentration in the 5-aminolevulinic acid p-toluenesulfonate aqueous solution used in the above examples was measured by ion chromatography under the following conditions. As a result, all were below the detection limit (0.1 ppm). .
Measurement conditions are A. Separation column (IonPac AS12A manufactured by Nippon Dionex), B. Guard column (IonPac AG12A manufactured by Nippon Dionex), C. Eluent (Na ₂ CO ₃ : 3.0 mmol / L, NaHCO ₃ : 0.5 mmol / L) Solution), D. flow rate (1.5mL / min), E. suppressor (ASRS (recycle mode, current value 50mA)), F. sample introduction volume (25μL), G. temperature chamber temperature (35 ℃), H . By detector (electric conductivity detector).

Claims (3)

The 5-aminolevulinic acid adsorbed on the cation exchange resin is eluted with aqueous ammonia , and the eluate is mixed with sulfonic acids, the following general formula (1)
HOCOCH ₂ CH ₂ COCH ₂ NH ₂ and HOSO ₂ R ¹ (1)
[Wherein, R ¹ represents a phenyl group substituted with a lower alkyl group. ] The manufacturing method of 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate represented by this . The group in which the sulfonic acids are p-toluenesulfonic acid, 2,4-dimethylphenylsulfonic acid, 2,5-dimethylphenylsulfonic acid, 3,5-dimethylphenylsulfonic acid, 2,4,6-trimethylphenylsulfonic acid The method for producing 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate according to claim 1, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of the above. The method for producing 5-aminolevulinic acid sulfonate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ammonia water has a concentration of 0.1 to 3N.